SITE VISITED AT SARDAR SAROVAR DAM AT 24/08/2017 (3

RD, 5

TH AND 7

TH SEMESTER)

PREPARED BY: ASSISTANT PROFESSOR NILESH PRAJAPATI CIVIL ENGG. DEPARTMENT DJMIT MOGAR

River Bed Power House (RBPH)

RIVER BED POWER HOUSE (RBPH)

The RBPH is an underground power house stationed on the right bank of the river located about 165 meters downstream of the dam. It has six number of Francis type reversible turbine generators each of 200 MW installed capacity. The T.G. Sets are supplied by M/S Sumitomo Corporation, Japan and M/S BHEL.

These units can operate at minimum reservoir water level of 110.64 meters. These six units have been commissioned in a phase manner during Feb-05 to June-06. The generation of energy depends upon inflow of water from upstream projects and need of water for irrigation in Gujarat.

Canal Head Power House(CHPH) The CHPH is a surface power station in a saddle dam on right bank of the reservoir having total installed capacity of 250 MW (5 x 50 MW). These five units have been commissioned in a phased manner during Aug-04 to Dec-04. These units can be operated with minimum reservoir water level of 110.18 meters.

The CHPH is being operated in consultation and as per advice of NCA/WREB based on irrigation requirement of Gujarat/Rajasthan and availability of water in reservoir and release from upstream project of Madhya -radesh.

The energy generated from both the power houses is to be evacuated through 400 KV level through interconnecting transformers at GIS, situated in RBPH switch yard. The 400 KV Switchyard is indoor type having Gas Insulated Switch Gear and Bus bars. The energy is transmitted to party states i.e. Gujarat, Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh in the proportion of 16:27:57 respectively through 400 KV double circuit transmission lines, namely SSP-Kasor, SSPAsoj, SSP-Dhule and SSP-Nagda respectively. All the transmission lines are commissioned and charged.

The operation and maintenance of SSP power complex and transmission lines is being done by Gujarat State Electricity Company Limited (GSECL), for which O&M agreement between SSNNL and GSECL has been signed.

CANAL HEAD POER HOUSE(CHPH)

History:- The plan for harnessing the river for irrigation and power generation in the Narmada basin was initiated in 1946. Seven projects including the Bharuch project were identified during the initial Survey and 4 projects Bharuch (Gujarat), Bargi, Tawa and Punasa in Madhya Pradesh were given top priority for investigation. After the

completion of investigation, the proposed dam at Gora in Gujarat with the full reservoir level (FRL) 161 ft (49.08m) was selected and the foundation stone was laid by late Prime Minister, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru on 5th April, 1961. However as more detailed, modernized contour sheets from the Survey of India were available thereafter, possibility of raising the height of the dam for optimum utilization of water was considered. In 1964, to resolve the dispute about sharing of the Narmada Waters between the Governments of Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh, the Government of India appointed an expert committee under the Chairmanship of late Dr. Khosla which recommended a higher dam with FRL 500 ft (152.44m) in 1965. However, Govt. of M.P. was not agreeable to development of Narmada water as per Khosla Committee report and hence the Narmada Water Dispute Tribunal (NWDT) was constituted by the Government of India in October 1969, under the Inter State River Water Disputes Act, 1956. NWDT gave its final award in December 1979.

Benefits of Project IRRIGATION The Sardar Sarovar Project will provide irrigation facilities to 18.45 lac ha. of land, covering 3112 villages of 73 talukas in 15 districts of Gujarat. It will also irrigate 2,46,000 ha. of land in the strategic desert districts of Barmer and Jallore in Rajasthan and 37,500 ha. in the tribal hilly tract of Maharashtra through lift. About 75% of the command area in Gujarat is drought prone while entire command in Rajasthan is drought prone. Assured water supply will soon make this area drought proof.

Components of Project (A) SARDAR SAROVAR RESERVOIR:- The Full Reservoir Level (FRL) of the Sardar Sarovar Dam is fixed at RL 138.68 metres (455 feet). The Maximum Water Level is 140.21 metres (460 feet.) while minimum draw down level is 110.64 metres (363 feet.). The normal tail water level is 25.91 metres (85 feet.). The gross storage capacity of the reservoir is 0.95 M. ha.m. (7.7 MAF) while live storage capacity is 0.58 M.ha.m. (4.75 MAF). The dead storage capacity below minimum draw down level is 0.37 M. ha. m. (2.97 MAF). The reservoir would occupy an area of 37,000 ha. and would have a linear stretch of 214 kilometer of water and an average width of 1.77 kilometer. The submergence at Full Reservoir Level (FRL) is 37,690 ha. (86,088 acres), which comprises 11,279 ha. agricultural land, 13,542 ha. forests and 12,869 ha. river bed and waste land. In all 245 villages of the three states viz. 193 Villages of Madhya Pradesh, 33 villages of Maharashtra and 19 villages of Gujarat are affected. Only 3 villages of Gujarat are fully affected, while the remaining 16 villages are partly affected. In Madhya Pradesh, out of 193 villages, more than 10% agricultural land will be submerged only in 79 villages, in 89 villages less than 10% agricultural land or only houses will be submerged under FRL, due to back water of 1 in 100 years flood. In 25 villages, only Government waste land will be submerged. (B) SARDAR SAROVAR DAM:-

A concrete gravity dam, 1210 meters (3970 feet) in length and with a maximum height of 163 meters above the deepest foundation level, is under construction across river Narmada.

The dam will be the third highest concrete dam (163 meters) in India, the first two being Bhakra (226 metres) in Himachal Pradesh and Lakhwar (192 meters) in Uttar Pradesh. In terms of the volume of concrete involved for gravity dams, this dam will be ranking as the second largest in the world with an aggregate volume of 6.82 million cu.m. The first is Grand Coule Dam in USA with a total volume of 8.0 million cu.m. This dam with its spillway discharging capacity of 85,000 cumecs (30.00 lac), will be the third in the world, Gazenba (1.13 lac cumecs) in China and Tucurri (1.0 lac cumecs) in Brazil being the first two. For chute spillway Radial gates, 7 in number and size 60' x 60' and for service spillway, 23 Radial gates of size 60' x 55' are to be provided to negotiate the design flood. 10 number of temporary construction sluices, each of size 2.15 m x 2.75 m. are provided in the boby of the spillway at RL 18 m. Another set of 4 permanent river sluices are provided at RL 53.0 m. The lower sluices were closed in February, 1994. The design of the dam allows for a horizontal seismic coefficient of 0.125g and it also covers an additional risk due to reservoir induced seism city. Most sophisticated seismological instruments for monitoring and evaluation of the stresses in the body of the dam as well as the effect on the periphery of the reservoir are under installation.

(C) HYDRO POWER There are two power houses for the Sardar Sarovar Project (SSP). Power benefits are shared among Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Gujarat in the ratio of 57:27:16 respectively.

(i) River Bed Power House:- (Above write) (ii) Canal Head Power House:- (Above write)

(iii) Small/Mini/Micro Hydro Power Projects The Development of Small/Mini/Micro Hydro Power Projects on Sabarmati escape NMC chainage 229 km & Narmada Dam Godbole Gate at Kevadia Colony is not feasible due to following reasons: At the ultimate stage of project development, there will not be surplus water to the released through such Escapes and data of past can not be considered for future projection in such cases. A guaranteed/assured discharge through Escapes, power generation can not be predicted and therefore its economic viability is questionable.

Godbole Gate

Godbole Gate essentially is a device to discharge surplus water back to the River and not to the Head Regulator of the canal. This arrangement under ideal normal conditions will not be functional and any investment made on such contingent would not guarantee the investor any dependable return. The Godbole Gate will not be operated all time, but the quantum will also be determined by levels in the ponds and would continue to fluctuate with water level in Pond no. 3 & 4. This would also seriously affect power generation as quantum and velocity of water vary greatly. Hydro Power requires a definite discharge and velocity. Hence investment made on such contingent arrangement would not guarantee the investor and dependable return. (D) MAIN CANAL:- Narmada Main Canal is a contour canal. It is the biggest lined irrigation canal in the world. It is about 458.318 km. long up to Gujarat -Rajasthan border. The canal extends further in the state of Rajasthan to irrigate areas in Barmer and Jhalore districts of Rajasthan. The Main Canal is lined with plain cement concrete to minimise seepage losses to attain higher velocity and to control the water logging in future. The lining work is carried out with the mechanized pavers. Such a large scale paving of concrete lining is done for the first time in India. The Main Canal in its journey has to negotiate several water streams, rivers, roads, railways etc. This is possible by constructing appropriate structure on the canal. In all, there are 634 structures on the Narmada Main Canal. Narmada Main Canal as on today is completed up to 458 Km. and water has been flowing throught it right upto the state of Rajasthan.

Features of Narmada Main Canal: Full supply level (F.S.L.) at H.R. 91.44 m (300 ft) Length up to Gujarat - Rajasthan border 458.318 Km Base width in head reach 73.10 m Full supply depth (F.S.D.) in head reach 7.60 m Design discharge capacity IN HEAD REACH 1133 CUSEC (40000 CUSEC)AT GUJARAT RAJASTHAN BORDER 74.55 CUSEC (2600 CUSEC)

SARDAR SAROVAR DAM VISITED WITH 3RD, 5TH AND 7TH SEM STUDENTS