Slide 1
Sistem Perdagangan International: Evolusi Historis dan Aktor
Dominan
Rizki Ahmad F.Dita KiranaDirga EkaNurvika VidyanaR. Widya
LailyFarah P. NabilaIndra SaputraFerico RachmanHabibi FahmiAmrina
RasyadaA moment comes, rarely in history, when we step out from the
old to the new, when an age ends, and when the soul of a nation,
long suppressed, finds utterance.
>> What is Regime ?Regime Perdagangan
InternasionalMultilateral Trade Sistem>> What is Multilateral
Trade system?>>How does it operate ?Multilateral trade sistem
adalah proses politik dan seperangkat institusi politik dimana
pemerintah mengatur kebijakan perdagangan nasional.(Oatley :
2003)
Rules establish what governments can and cannot do to influence
of flow of good into and out of their countries
Sejauh mana negara memposisikan diri, apakah semakin mendekati
atau menjauhi titik optimum ?ProteksionisFree TradeMultilateral
Trade System
Bagaimana sistem perdagangan internasional dikelola pada periode
sebelum terbentuknya rejim perdagangan internasional?
US leadership motivated by:Smith & RicardoKeynesNeolibThe
Results of GATT NegotioationNegotiationN.o.CResults1947 -
Geneva23Tariff1949 - Annecy13Tariff1951 - Turquay38Tariff1956 -
Geneva26Tariff1960-1961 Dillon Round26Tariff1963-1967 Kennedy
Round62TariffAnti Dumping1973-1979 Tokyo Round102TariffNon-tariff
measuresRevision of GATT article for Developing countries1986-1994
Uruguay Round128TariffAgreement (Agriculture, textiles, subsidies,
safeguards)New Issues : GATS & TRIPSDispute SettlementCreation
of WTORata-rata Industrial Tariff di Negara Maju Tahun 1947Source :
http://www.dti.gov.uk/expenditure/pdf/chapter_8.pdf
Perbedaan GATT & WTO25WTO : Dispute settlementMembers of
WTOAfter HegemonyTrade ConflictNew Protectiosnism (Non-tariff
Barrier)Expanding MembershipRegionalismUS menjadi lebih bilateral
agresif. Voluntary Export RestraintDeveloping Country reoriented
their policy in the mid 1980sFree Trade AreaNegara mulai menerapkan
industrial policy.Anti-DumpingRuntuhnya Uni SovietCustom UnionUS vs
JapanUS vs EUCountervailingRegionalism
>> Is regionalism strengthen or weaken Multi Lateral trade
system ?At the opening 21st century, all the elements that have
supported an open global economy have weaken ------- Robert
Gilpin
