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Simultaneous determination of specimen composition andthickness using the Transmission Electron MicroscopeCitation for published version (APA):Boon, G. (2000). Simultaneous determination of specimen composition and thickness using the TransmissionElectron Microscope. Eindhoven: Technische Universiteit Eindhoven. https://doi.org/10.6100/IR529745

DOI:10.6100/IR529745

Document status and date:Published: 01/01/2000

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https://doi.org/10.6100/IR529745https://doi.org/10.6100/IR529745https://research.tue.nl/en/publications/simultaneous-determination-of-specimen-composition-and-thickness-using-the-transmission-electron-microscope(250fe0db-7cc3-4bd3-b288-f9221c9954af).html

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Lw lv reylrxv wkdw wkh rqo| zd| wr jhw dq dssursuldwh dqdo|vlv lq fdvh wkhh{flwdwlrq yroxph lv qrw d krprjhqhrxv pdwhuldo exw exlow xs ri gl>huhqw od|huv/ lve| kdylqj d ghswk0uhodwhg ghvfulswlrq ri [0ud| surgxfwlrq1 Vlqfh wklv lv h{dfwo| zkdwwkh * +ã}, fxuyh grhv/ * +ã}, prghoolqj lv lghdo iru wklq ?op dqdo|vlv1 Rq wkh rwkhu

6

Fkdswhu 71 Pdwul{ fruuhfwlrq prghov iru wkh xvh lq wklq ?opv

kdqg/ lw dovr ehfrphv hyhq pruh lpsruwdqw wr ?qg wkh fruuhfw * +ã}, fxuyh1Wkh sulqflsoh ri fdofxodwlqj wkh lqwhqvlw| hplwwhg e| d od|hu ri vshfl?f frp0

srxqg orrnv yhu| vwudljkwiruzdug= Wkh fdofxodwlrq lv shuiruphg e| sduwldo lqwhjudwlrqri wkh * +ã}, fxuyh ri wkh vshfl?f od|hu zlwklq wkh dssursuldwh ã} olplwv1 Krzhyhu/hdfk * +ã}, fxuyh iru hdfk hohphqw lq hdfk od|hu lv d>hfwhg e| wkh suhvhqfh ri rwkhuod|huv1 Wkhuhiruh dq lwhudwlyh surfhgxuh lv qhhghg/ rswlplvlqj hdfk od|hu/ wdnlqj lqwrdffrxqw wkh gdwd iurp wkh rwkhu od|huv1 Riwhq wkh wklfnqhvv ri wkh od|huv lv dovrxqnqrzq dqg wkxv wkh ã} olplwv iru wkh lqwhjudwlrq duh xqnqrzq sdudphwhuv1 Lq wklvfdvh wkh phdvxuhg lqwhqvlwlhv uhodwlyh wr exon vwdqgdugv iru wkh ?op fdq eh xvhg lq dqlwhudwlyh surfhgxuh wr ?qg wkh od|hu wklfnqhvv1

715 ) E45ä prghoolqj xvhg iru wklq ?op dqdo|vlv

Edvwlq dqg Khlmoljhuv vwduwhg lq 4

* +ã}, prghoolqj xvhg iru wklq ?op dqdo|vlv 7151

wr fdofxodwh wkh hplwwhg lqwhqvlwlhv iurp ?op dqg vxevwudwh1 Sduwldo lqwhjudwlrq riwkh Do0Nò * +ã}, fxuyh ehwzhhq wkh ã} olplwv 3 dqg W zloo |lhog wkh wrwdo jhqhudwhgDo0Nò udgldwlrq lqwhqvlw|/ zkloh lqwhjudwlrq ri wkh Vl0Nò fxuyh ehwzhhq W dqg4 zloo|lhog wkh jhqhudwhg Vl0Nò lqwhqvlw|1 Ri frxuvh/ erwk lqwhqvlwlhv kdyh wr eh fruuhfwhgiru vhoi devruswlrq/ dqg dgglwlrqdoo| wkh hplwwhg Vl0Nò udgldwlrq +vxevwudwh, kdv wr ehfruuhfwhg iru devruswlrq gxh wr sdvvlqj wkurxjk wkh ryhuod|lqj Do od|hu1 Li wkh od|huwklfnqhvv lv xqnqrzq/ wkh phdvxuhg lqwhqvlw| udwlrv uhodwlyh wr wkh exon vwdqgdugv iru?op dqg vxevwudwh hohphqwv fdq eh xvhg lq dq lwhudwlyh surfhgxuh wr fdofxodwh lw1

Wklv ?uvw dssur{lpdwlrq zrunv ?qh dv orqj dv wkh gl>huhqfh lq dwrplf qxpehuehwzhhq wkh vxevwudwh dqg ?op hohphqwv lv vpdoo/ vd| 6 wr 7 xqlwv1 Zkhq krzhyhu/wkh dwrplf qxpehu ri hohphqwv lq wkh vxevwudwh lv vxevwdqwldoo| kljkhu ru orzhu wkdqwkh dwrplf qxpehu ri wkh hohphqw lq ?op/ d fruuhfwlrq kdv wr eh dssolhg lq rughuwr ghdo zlwk wkhvh gl>huhqfhv1 Wklv sureohp lv vroyhg e| xvlqj wkh iroorzlqj edvlfdvvxpswlrqv=

î Wkh ã} vfdoh lq hdfk sduwlfxodu * +ã}, fxuyh lv frqwlqxrxv dfurvv wkh lqwhuidfhv/dqg iru hdfk hohphqw lq wkh ?op ru vxevwudwh/ rqo| rqh frqwlqxrxv * +ã}, fxuyhlv fdofxodwhg1

î Rqo| wkh * +ã}, fxuyhv iru wkh hohphqwv lq wkh ?op duh d>hfwhg e| wkh qdwxuh dqgwklfnqhvv ri wkh rwkhu ?opv dqg wkh vxevwudwh/ zkhuhdv wkh vxevwudwh hohphqwfxuyhv uhpdlq xqd>hfwhg1

î Wkh vkdsh sdudphwhuv ò/ ã}p/ *3/ dqg IL/ dv ghvfulehg lq vhfwlrq 618/ iru wkh* +ã}, fxuyhv ri hdfk hohphqw lq wkh ?op ydu| ehwzhhq wzr h{wuhphv/ w|slfdo rihlwkhu h{wuhpho| wklq ?opv ru h{wuhpho| wklfn ?opv1 Lq wkh odwwhu fdvh/ lw zloo ehfohdu wkdw wkh exon sdudphwhuv iru wkh ?op hohphqw zloo eh dssurdfkhg/ zkhuhdvlq wkh iruphu fdvh/ wkh sdudphwhuv fdq eh dssur{lpdwhg dv li wkh hohphqwzdv glvvroyhg lq wkh vxevwudwh1 Lq doo lqwhuphgldwh fdvhv/ wkh sdudphwhuv duhfrpsrvhg wkurxjk zhljkwlqj surfhgxuhv/ lq zklfk wkh Jdxvvldq sdudphwhuv iruhdfk sduwlfxodu hohphqw lq hdfk ri wkh od|huv dqg lq wkh vxevwudwh duh dvvljqhgvshfl?f zhljkw idfwruv ghshqglqj rq wkh glvwdqfh wr wkh od|hu h{dplqhg1

Fdofxodwlrqv lqyroyhg zlwk wklq ?op dssurdfk1

Lq wkh iroorzlqj glvfxvvlrq rq wkh wklq ?op dssurdfk/ wkh vxevfulswv e/ i / dqg v zlooeh xvhg wr lqglfdwh wkdw zh duh ghdolqj zlwk exon/ ?op ru vxevwudwh txdqwlwlhv1

D vwhs e| vwhs glvfxvvlrq ri wkh wklq ?op surfhgxuh=

41 Iluvwo| wkh exon vwdqgdug lqwhqvlwlhv iru doo hohphqwv lq ?op dqg vxevwudwh duhfdofxodwhg1 Iru wkdw/ wkh ò/ ã}p/ *3/ dqg IL ydoxhv iru hdfk hohphqw l duh ehlqj

74


fdofxodwhg dffruglqj wr wkh exon surjudp1

51 Wkh ò ydoxhv iru hohphqw l0udgldwlrq lq doo rwkhu hohphqwv m duh fdofxodwhg1Vxevhtxhqwo| wkh ò ydoxhv iru wkh ?op hohphqwv duh frpsrvhg rq wkh edvlv riwkh exon frpsrvlwlrqv ri ?op dqg vxevwudwh wr |lhog òle>i dqg ò

le>v uhvshfwlyho|1

Wkhvh ò ydoxhv zloo eh xvhg odwhu lq d zhljkwlqj surfhgxuh wr hvwdeolvk wkh ?qdoòl0ydoxh w|slfdo iru wkh frpsohwh ?op2vxevwudwh frpelqdwlrq1

61 Lq d vlplodu zd| wkh frpsrvhg ydoxhv ri ã}p/ *3/ dqg IL iru wkh exon frpsr0vlwlrqv ri ?op dqg vxevwudwh duh ehlqj fdofxodwhg iru hdfk hohphqw l0udgldwlrq1Li dq hohphqw rffxuv lq pruh wkdq rqh od|hu ru lq erwk ?op dqg vxevwudwh/ hdfkhohphqw0od|hu frpelqdwlrq lv odehoohg dqg fdofxodwhg vhsdudwho|/ dqg odwhu rq/dgghg wr |lhog wkh wrwdo hplwwhg lqwhqvlw| iru wkdw vshfl?f hohphqw1

71 Wkh qh{w dqg fuxfldo vwhs lv wr hvwdeolvk wkh ghswk ri shqhwudwlrq U{ iruhdfk hohphqw l0udgldwlrq1 Vlqfh wkhuh lv qr ?{hg hqg wr wkh Jdxvvldq fxuyhd frqyhqlhqw phdvxuh kdg wr eh fkrvhq dw zklfk wkh Jdxvvldq kdv gursshgehorz d fhuwdlq ohyho1 Edvhg xsrq wkh roghu/ vxuidfh fhqwuhg/ Jdxvvldq prgho/Edvwlq ghvfulehg wklv srlqw e| ã} @ ã}lp . [email protected]ò

l1 Vxevwlwxwlqj wklv srlqw lqwkh htxdwlrq ri uljkw kdqg sduw ri wkh grxeoh Jdxvvldq fxuyh iru wkh jhqhudwhglqwhqvlw| 61; uhvxowv lq=

*ýã}lp . [email protected]ò

lü@ *p h{s

íý ýòlü5 ýã}lp . [email protected]òl ý ã}lpü5ì

@ 3=334i dqg ò

le>v/ xvlqj zhljkwlqj idfwruv wr zhljk wkhlu frqwulexwlrqv

ryhu wkh uhohydqw pdvv ghswk uhjlrq grzq wr U{1 Vlqfh U{zdv wkh xqnqrzq wreh fdofxodwhg wklv sureohp kdg wr eh vroyhg e| xvlqj dq lwhudwlyh surfhgxuh1+Qrwh wkdw *p lv dovr xqnqrzq,1

Lq wkh zhljkwlqj surfhgxuh +vlplodu wr wkh rqh xvhg e| Srxfkrx dqg Slfkrlu^:`^;`,/ wkh zhljkwlqj idfwruv s iru hdfk sdudphwhu duh ghvfulehg dv ixqfwlrq riwkh pdvv ghswk e| d irxuwk ghjuhh sro|qrpldo=

s +ã}, @ Q +ã} ý O,5 ü +ã} ýU,5 +715,

lq zklfk O dqg U duh ixqfwlrqv ri U{ rswlplvhg iru wkh vshfl?f sdudphwhu1 Odqg U duh wkh grxeoh urrwv rq wkh ohiw dqg uljkw kdqg vlgh ri wkh sro|qrpldo

75


dqg Q lv d qrupdolvdwlrq idfwru wkdw hqvxuhv wkh qrupdolvdwlrq xqghu wkh s +ã},fxuyh1 Iru wkh ghwhuplqdwlrq ri wkh dssursuldwh U{ ydoxh/ lq rughu wr ghwhuplqhwkh ?fwlwlrxv *hqg* ri wkh * +ã}, fxuyh iru hohphqw l/ wkh rswlplvhg urrwv xvhgduh O @ ý3=7U{ dqg U @ U{1Wr vwduw wkh lwhudwlyh surfhgxuh/ wkh dyhudjh ri wkh

ýã}lp . [email protected]ò

lüydoxhv iru

wkh exon ri wkh ?op dqg wkh vxevwudwh lv wdnhq dv dq lqlwldo urxjk hvwlpdwlrqri U{1 Zlwk wklv lqlwldo U{ ydoxh dqg wkh urrwv phqwlrqhg deryh/ d qhz U{lv fdofxodwhg e| lqwhjudwlrq ri wkh s ixqfwlrq1 Wkh qhzo| rewdlqhg U{ ydoxh lvfrpsduhg wr wkh suhylrxv rqh dqg wkh lwhudwlyh surfhgxuh lv vwrsshg zkhq wkhuhodwlyh ghyldwlrq lv vpdoohu wkdq 314 (1 Li qrw/ wkh qhz U{ ydoxh lv djdlq xvhgwr fdofxodwh qhz U dqg O ydoxhv dqg wkh surfhgxuh lv uhshdwhg1

81 Rqfh wkh ?qdo U{ ydoxh kdv ehhq rewdlqhg/ wkh irxu sdudphwhuv wr ghvfulehwkh * +ã}, fxuyh iru hdfk hohphqw lq wkh ?op2vxevwudwh frpelqdwlrq fdq ehghwhuplqhg e| fdofxodwlqj wkh zhljkw idfwruv xvlqj wkh dffrpsdq|lqj U dqgO ixqfwlrqv iru hdfk sdudphwhu1 Edvwlq rswlplvhg wkhvh urrwv e| xvlqj wklq?op gdwd iurp olwhudwxuh dqg ?qh0wxqlqj wkhq e| xvlqj wkh wklq ?op gdwdedvh riphdvxuhphqwv shuiruphg lq rxu rzq jurxs/ dqg irxqg wkh iroorzlqj h{suhvvlrqv=

O U

ò ý3=6U{ U{ã}p ý3=hfwhg e| wkhsuhvhqfh ri wkh ?op> wklv dvvxpswlrq vhhpv wr eh mxvwl?hg li wkh ?op fdq eh frqvlghuhgwklq uhodwlyh wr wkh wrwdo shqhwudwlrq ri wkh * +ã}, fxuyh1

Diwhu pdnlqj wkh dssursuldwh devruswlrq fruuhfwlrqv/ wdnlqj wkh udwlr wr wkhhplwwhg lqwhqvlwlhv fdofxodwhg iru wkh exon vwdqgdugv zloo |lhog wkh vr0fdoohg n0udwlrv1

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