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Semester Exam Review

Semester Exam Review. Authors Purpose: Many authors write to entertain people and make them laugh. Authors also write to persuade or convince their readers

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Page 1: Semester Exam Review. Authors Purpose: Many authors write to entertain people and make them laugh. Authors also write to persuade or convince their readers

Semester Exam Review

Page 2: Semester Exam Review. Authors Purpose: Many authors write to entertain people and make them laugh. Authors also write to persuade or convince their readers

Authors Purpose: Many authors write to entertain people and make them laugh. Authors also write to persuade or convince their readers to believe in something. Sometimes authors write to inform or teach you about something.

Page 3: Semester Exam Review. Authors Purpose: Many authors write to entertain people and make them laugh. Authors also write to persuade or convince their readers

Parallel Structure : is repetition of the same pattern of words or phrases within a sentence or passage to show that two or more ideas have the same level of importance.

Some examples of parallel structure of words and phrases include the following:• Like Sir Francis Drake, the crew of the Challenger sought to seek the

impossible, to deliver to the world information of the unknown, and to enlighten the paths of mankind.

• Straddling the top of the world, one foot in Tibet and the other in Nepal, I cleared the ice from my oxygen mask, hunched a shoulder against the wind, and stared absently at the vast sweep of earth below.

Page 4: Semester Exam Review. Authors Purpose: Many authors write to entertain people and make them laugh. Authors also write to persuade or convince their readers

Rhetoric : language designed to have a persuasive or impressive effect on its audience, but often regarded as lacking in sincerity or meaningful content.

Page 5: Semester Exam Review. Authors Purpose: Many authors write to entertain people and make them laugh. Authors also write to persuade or convince their readers

Persuasion : the action or fact of persuading someone or of being persuaded to do or believe something.

Page 6: Semester Exam Review. Authors Purpose: Many authors write to entertain people and make them laugh. Authors also write to persuade or convince their readers

Synonym : a word or phrase that means exactly or nearly the same as another word or phrase in the same language, for example shut is a synonym of close.

What is the synonym for the following words:• Surly: Cautious• Rite: Ritual

Page 7: Semester Exam Review. Authors Purpose: Many authors write to entertain people and make them laugh. Authors also write to persuade or convince their readers

Summary : a brief statement or account of the main points of something.

Archetype : a recurrent symbol or motif in literature, art, or mythology.

Chronological Order : arranged in the order it happened. An example of chronological is a biography that starts in 1920 and goes through 1997.

Page 8: Semester Exam Review. Authors Purpose: Many authors write to entertain people and make them laugh. Authors also write to persuade or convince their readers

Tone : the general character or attitude of a place, piece of writing, situation, etc.

Which of the following choices does NOT identify the tone of lines 27-30? So with our brand we bored that great eye socketwhile blood ran out around the red-hot bar.Eyelid and lash were seared; the pierced ball30 hissed broiling, and the roots popped.a) savage b) malicious c) vindictive d) solicitous

Page 9: Semester Exam Review. Authors Purpose: Many authors write to entertain people and make them laugh. Authors also write to persuade or convince their readers

Adjective Clause : Adjective clauses do not change the basic meaning of the sentence. In some cases, when they provide more information into a sentence, they need to be set off with commas.

Example: • Pizza, which most people love, is not very healthy.• The people whose names are on the list will go to

camp.• Grandpa remembers the old days when there was no

television. • Thirty feet below, some twenty people were [lined]

up at the base of the Step, and three climbers were hauling themselves up the rope that I was attempting to descend.

Page 10: Semester Exam Review. Authors Purpose: Many authors write to entertain people and make them laugh. Authors also write to persuade or convince their readers

PunctuationWhich of the following statements is punctuated correctly? a) After being trapped in the cave by the Cyclops Odysseus, and his crew, burns the tip of a spear and they blind the Cyclops.

b) Odysseus, an epic hero, uses his strength and determination to blind the Cyclops, and this makes the Cyclops less dangerous.

c) Odysseus and four of his men carry the spear and they blind the Cyclops and they are able to escape the cave later.

d) Along with the help of his men; Odysseus blinds the Cyclops with a great burning spear. _________________________________________________________________________Which of the following facts is punctuated correctly? a) Ralston wrote a nonfiction book entitled “Between a Rock and a Hard Place.”

b) Ralston spoke with a reporter from his home in Aspen Colorado.

c) Ralston maintains a sense of humor concerning his accident in Utah.

d) Ralston managed to walk seven miles through the wilderness and he found help.

Page 11: Semester Exam Review. Authors Purpose: Many authors write to entertain people and make them laugh. Authors also write to persuade or convince their readers

Imagery : visually descriptive or figurative language, especially in a literary work.

Mood : a temporary state of mind or feeling.

Which of the following quotations uses imagery to create an eerie and suspenseful mood?a) “Clutching the box in his right hand as he walked, he touched his eyes with his left hand, each of them, and wondered what it would be like if one of them were gone, and if indeed his vow to the old lady should be honored when so much was at stake.” b) “And it so happened that, some days before my father arrived, a group of youths had broken into the old woman’s home and stolen her eye, so she told my father that she would be grateful if he could but find her eye and return it to her.” (3)c) “It was the boy’s duty to see that no harm came to the eye. All that night the boy possessing the eye wasn’t allowed to sleep; he could only watch the eye. The eye was wrapped in a soft red cloth, and the cloth was placed inside a small wooden box.” d) “The barn was dark and crumbling, and the door creaked spookily as he pushed it open. Light from candles hung from black-iron holders played on the barn walls, and shadows danced in the corners.”

Page 12: Semester Exam Review. Authors Purpose: Many authors write to entertain people and make them laugh. Authors also write to persuade or convince their readers

Inference/infer : a conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning.

Repetition : the action of repeating something that has already been said or written.What is the effect of repetition?

Monologue : a long speech by one actor in a play or movie, or as part of a theatrical or broadcast program.

Detail : an individual feature, fact, or item.Example: "we shall consider every detail of the bill"

Page 13: Semester Exam Review. Authors Purpose: Many authors write to entertain people and make them laugh. Authors also write to persuade or convince their readers

Thesis : a statement or theory that is put forward as a premise to be maintained or proved.

Explicit : stated clearly and in detail, leaving no room for confusion or doubt.Example: "the speaker's intentions were not made explicit"

Evidence : the available body of facts or information indicating whether a belief or proposition is true or valid.Example: "the study finds little evidence of overt discrimination"

Page 14: Semester Exam Review. Authors Purpose: Many authors write to entertain people and make them laugh. Authors also write to persuade or convince their readers

Antonym : a word opposite in meaning to another (e.g., bad and good ).

What is the synonym for the following word:• Robust : Fragile

Page 15: Semester Exam Review. Authors Purpose: Many authors write to entertain people and make them laugh. Authors also write to persuade or convince their readers

What is the difference between a phrase and a clause? A phrase is a collection of words that may have nouns or verbals, but it does not have a subject doing a verb. The following are examples of phrases:• leaving behind the dog• smashing into a fence• before the first testIn these examples above, you will find nouns (dog, fence, test, devastation, ignorance, intelligence, thousands, pieces). You also have some verbals (leaving, smashing), but in no case is the noun functioning as a subject doing a predicate verb. They are all phrases.

A clause is a collection of words that has a subject that is actively doing a verb. The following are examples of clauses:• since she laughs at diffident men• I despise individuals of low character• when the saints go marching in

Page 16: Semester Exam Review. Authors Purpose: Many authors write to entertain people and make them laugh. Authors also write to persuade or convince their readers

When a question asks you to make an inference what do you need to do in order to answer the question? Draw a conclusion using reasoning and evidence from the text.

• What can we infer about Odysseus? How can we infer that?