SECTION 1015

BITUMINOUS MATERIAL

1015.1 General. 1015.1.1 Approval of Source. The contractor shall obtain approval of the source of bituminous material from the engineer before any shipments to the work are made. 1015.1.2 Sampling, Testing and Acceptance Procedures. The supplier shall guarantee by certification that bituminous material complies with the specification requirements. 1015.1.2.1 The supplier shall furnish the truck driver a copy of the bill of lading, manifest or truck ticket that is to be available to the engineer at destination prior to unloading. The engineer at the source is also to be furnished a copy. The bill of lading, manifest or truck ticket shall show the following information regarding the shipment: type and grade of material, specific gravity at 60 F (15.6 C), net gallons (liters), consignee, truck number, identification number, weight (mass) of truck before and after loading, destination, date loaded, name and location of the source, and a certification statement. The certification statement shall be signed by an authorized representative of the supplier and shall be substantially as follows:

"This certifies that the bituminous material in this shipment complies with MoDOT specifications for the grade specified and the weights (masses) shown hereon were obtained on MoDOT approved scales and are correct within the specified scale requirements."

1015.1.2.2 The engineer will at random observe the sampling and testing of truck shipments and tanks, and will select representative samples of the material being supplied. These samples will be tested by the engineer in the field or in the Central Laboratory. When test results certified by the supplier are not representative of the material being shipped, the source approval will be withdrawn. A source may be reinstated when proof is furnished that the deficiency has been corrected and adequate controls are in effect to guarantee delivery of material meeting specifications. 1015.1.2.3 The supplier shall furnish the required sampling equipment and shall sample the truck under the direction of the engineer. The supplier shall be responsible for keeping all sampling equipment clean and in good condition. Sampling devices on truck transports will be approved provided an adequately insulated valve is used with a pipe or nipple inserted a suitable distance into the tank. 1015.1.2.4 Each truck transport shall carry a log showing the types of material and dates hauled, with respect to recent shipments or the supplier shall furnish the engineer such information with respect to the previous load. 1015.1.2.5 Intermediate storage tanks for storage and transfer of material between the refinery or terminal and the point of acceptance shall be equipped for sealing and shall be reserved exclusively for State work. Use of any material from unsealed tanks will be subject to delay until the material can be sampled, tested and approved.

1015.1.2.6 At sources from which liquid bituminous material is being accepted by certification, the applicable requirements of the foregoing sections shall be followed for shipments of material in transportation units other than trucks. The certification and all information regarding each shipment shall be furnished to the engineer at the source. 1015.1.2.7 For railroad shipments from refineries where inspection is not being maintained by the engineer, the supplier shall sample each car load at the source and submit the sample promptly to the Central Laboratory. A bill of lading or identification sheet shall accompany each sample and contain the following information: car number, type and grade of material, quantity represented including gross gallons (liters), temperature and net gallons (liters) at 60 F (15.6 C), destination of shipment, project number and consignee. A certification statement as specified in Sec 1015.1 shall accompany each sample. Approval of the source will be withdrawn when samples submitted are not representative of the material shipped in the car. 1015.1.3 Proportioning and Blending Bituminous Material Constituents. All material shall be properly proportioned and thoroughly blended in suitable tanks prior to delivery to transportation equipment or may be proportioned and blended by use of automatic proportioning equipment. All automatic proportioning blenders shall meet the approval of the engineer and shall be equipped with precision instruments, including electrically interlocked motors and automatic meters. Blending in tanks in quantities of less than 8000 gallons (30,000 L) or in tank trucks will not be permitted. 1015.2 Performance Graded Asphalt Binder. The grade shall be as specified in the contract. 1015.2.1 Performance graded asphalt binder shall be an asphalt-based binder produced from petroleum residue either with or without the addition of non-particulate organic modifiers. 1015.2.2 Performance graded asphalt binder shall be tested in accordance and comply with the requirements of AASHTO MP1 for the grade specified. The physical hardening and direct tension tests are waived. 1015.2.3 Performance graded asphalt binder shall be furnished as a uniform mixture shipped directly to the project site from the asphalt binder supplier's permanent plant address or intermediate storage facility, suitable for direct use. Asphalt binder shall be capable of storage at the project site without separation or settling. Automatic blending will be allowed, however no intermediate blending of asphalt binder and any other modifiers will be allowed at the project site. 1015.2.4 Certification and Acceptance. Suppliers furnishing performance graded asphalt binders to MoDOT projects by certification shall comply with all requirements of AASHTO PP26, except as noted herein. To become pre-qualified to furnish material, a written request shall be sent to the Division Engineer, Materials, along with a copy of the supplier's QC plan. Split samples may be required. In order to maintain qualification, the supplier shall submit satisfactory results of all quality control testing monthly to MoDOT. Changes in formulation, base stock or methods of manufacture of qualified performance graded binders shall be noted and may require re-qualification. 1015.2.4.1 Quality Control Plan Requirements. The QC plan shall comply with AASHTO PP26 with the following exceptions and modifications:

(a) It may be written to cover multiple terminals or shipping facilities, in addition to the primary manufacturing facility, provided specific requirements for each location are clearly stated. (b) It shall state the lot size used to designate the frequency of QC and specification compliance testing for each performance grade to be supplied. The lot size will depend upon the method of manufacture and may be designated on a tank basis, or on a time basis in the case of binders that are blended into trucks or tanks or that are continually blended into "live" tanks. (c) For terminals or manufacturing facilities, the minimum reduced frequency of testing for QC or specification compliance shall be one series of tests every two weeks for "live" tanks or blenders and one series of tests every four weeks for "static" tanks that have had no material added between testing, per lot per grade of binder shipped. (d) QC testing may be used to determine that binders being shipped from terminals or manufacturing facilities have not been contaminated, provided that such testing is shown to be of sufficient accuracy to detect contamination and to assure that material meets required specifications. Surrogate tests may be used for QC testing of non-modified performance graded binders. (e) Terminals or shipping facilities that blend performance graded binders from different sources, that blend to produce a different performance grade, or that blend to modify the properties of an existing performance grade shall perform complete AASHTO MP1 specification compliance testing. (f) The shipping facility shall document that each transport vessel was inspected prior to loading and was found to be acceptable for the material being shipped. The inspection shall be documented by a statement on the bill of lading or truck ticket or by maintaining a record of transport vessel inspections at the shipping facility, which shall be available for review by MoDOT. 1015.2.4.2 Quality Control Plan Monthly Report. A report of QC activity shall be forwarded monthly to MoDOT. This report shall contain, as a minimum, the name of the facility covered by the report, the dates covered by the report, results of individual specification compliance and QC tests identified by blender or tank number, and the mean, minimum and maximum test result for each specification compliance and QC test performed during the period covered by the report. Data shall be furnished in the report for each performance grade shipped during the period covered by the report. The report shall be forwarded to MoDOT no later than two weeks following the end of the period covered by the report. Each set of test results shall be labeled with the exact test description as given in AASHTO MP1. 1015.2.4.3 Approval of Laboratories. The supplier's primary testing laboratory shall be approved by MoDOT. The approval process will include split sample testing and may include an on-site visit by department personnel. The primary testing laboratory shall be regularly inspected by the AASHTO Materials Reference Laboratory (AMRL). Any satellite testing laboratory operated by a supplier shall be inspected at the same frequency by the supplier's primary AMRL inspected laboratory staff, and a copy of the inspection report shall be forwarded to MoDOT. 1015.2.4.4 Failure to Comply. Failure to fulfill any of these requirements may result in disqualification of the performance graded binder supplier. If a primary manufacturing facility is disqualified, all terminals shipping performance graded binder that is manufactured at the primary facility and who are not performing AASHTO MP1 specification compliance

testing will automatically be disqualified also. In cases of dispute, test results obtained by MoDOT will be considered referee and final. 1015.3 Liquid Bituminous Materials. Suppliers furnishing liquid bituminous materials shall comply with the following. All truck shipments shall be loaded from approved storage tanks, which have been sampled, tested and certified by the supplier to the engineer. If automatic blending equipment is used, blender material will be approved for use provided the finished product complies with specifications. At least one complete test shall be conducted every 2 weeks on each grade of material furnished for MoDOT work from the blender. A certified copy of the test results shall be furnished to the engineer. Sampling and testing for certification purposes shall be conducted prior to shipping material to MoDOT work. After loading, the supplier shall sample and make identifying tests on a sufficient number of truck shipments of material consigned to a construction project to ensure that proper quality control is being maintained and that all such shipments comply with the specification requirements. The identifying test is viscosity for liquid bituminous material. 1015.3.1 Type RC Liquid Asphalt. This material shall be produced by fluxing an asphaltic base with suitable petroleum distillates. The material shall show no separation or curdling prior to use and shall not foam when heated to the application temperature. The material shall conform to the requirements of Table I for the grade specified in the contract.

TABLE I - Type RC Liquid Asphalt

RC-70 RC-250 RC-800 RC-3000 Tests Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max

Water, percent ---- 0.2 ---- 0.2 ---- 0.2 ---- 0.2 Flash point (Tag open cup), degrees C

----

----

27

----

27

----

27

----

Viscosity, 60 C, centistokes

70

140

250

500

800

1600

3000

6000

Distillation test: Distillate, percentage by volume of total distillate to 360 C:

to 190 C 10 ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- to 225 C 50 ---- 35 ---- 15 ---- ---- ---- to 260 C 70 ---- 60 ---- 45 ---- 25 ---- to 315 C 85 ---- 80 ---- 75 ---- 70 ---- Residue from distillation to 360 C, volume percentage of sample by difference

55

----

65

----

75

----

80

---- Tests on residue from distillation:

Penetration, 25 C 100 g, 5 sec

80

120

80

120

80

120

80

120

Ductility, 25 C 5 cm/min, cm

100

----

100

----

100

----

100

----

Solubility in trichloroethylene, percent

99.0

----

99.0

----

99.0

----

99.0

---- 1015.3.2 Type MC Liquid Asphalt. This material shall be produced by fluxing an asphaltic base with suitable petroleum distillates. The material shall show no separation or curdling prior to use and shall not foam when heated to the application temperature. The material shall conform to the requirements of Table II for the grade specified in the contract.

TABLE II - Type MC Liquid Asphalt

Grade MC-30 MC-70 MC-250 MC-800 MC-3000

Tests

Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Water, percent ---- 0.2 ---- 0.2 ---- 0.2 ---- 0.2 ---- 0.2 Flash point (Tag open cup), degrees C

38

----

38

----

66

----

66

----

66

----

Viscosity, 60 C, centistokes

30

60

70

140

250

500

800

1600

3000

6000

Distillation test: Distillate, percentage by volume of total distillate to 360 C:

to 225 C ---- 25 ---- 20 ---- 10 ---- ---- ---- ---- to 260 C 40 70 20 60 15 55 ---- 35 ---- 15 to 315 C 75 93 65 90 60 87 45 80 15 75 Residue from distillation to 360 C, volume percentage of sample by difference

50

----

55

----

67

----

75

----

80

---- Tests on residue from distillation:

Penetration, 25 C 100 g, 5 sec

120

250

120

250

120

250

120

250

120

250

Ductility, 5 cm/min, cm (1)

100

----

100

----

100

----

100

----

100

----

Solubility in trichloroethylene, percent

99.0

----

99.0

----

99.0

----

99.0

----

99.0

---- (1) If the ductility at 25 C is less than 100 cm, the material will be acceptable if its ductility

at 15.6 C is more than 100 cm. 1015.3.3 Emulsified Asphalt. This material shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 140 or M 208, for the type and grade specified in the contract. 1015.3.3.1 Bituminous material for polymer modified asphalt emulsion shall comply with the requirements of Table III.

TABLE III - POLYMER MODIFIED ASPHALT EMULSION

CRS-2P EA-90P Tests Min Max Min Max

Viscosity, SSF @ 50 C 100 400 100 400 Storage Stability Test (2), 24 hour, percent ---- 1 ---- 1 Classification Test Pass ---- ---- ---- Particle Charge Test Positive ---- ---- ---- Sieve Test, 850 µm mesh, percent ---- 0.3 ---- 0.3 Demulsibility, 0.02 N CzC12, percent ---- ---- 30 ---- Distillation: Oil distillate by volume of emulsion, percent

----

3

----

3

Residue from distillation (3), percent 65 ---- 65 ---- Tests on Residue from Distillation: Penetration, 25 C, 100 g, 5 sec

100

200

100

200

Ductility, 4 C, 5 cm/minute, cm 30 ---- 25 ---- Ash (4), percent ---- 1 ---- 1 Float Test at 60 C, sec ---- ---- 1200 ---- Elastic Recovery (5), percent 58 ---- 58 ----

(1) All tests are performed in accordance with AASHTO T 59 except as noted. (2) In addition to AASHTO T 59, upon examination of the test cylinder and after standing

undisturbed for 24 hours, the surface shall show no appreciable white, milky colored substance and shall be a homogeneous brown color throughout.

(3) AASHTO T 59 modified to maintain a 204 � 5 C maximum temperature for 15 minutes. (4) AASHTO T 111, Ash in Bituminous Material. (5) Condition the ductilometer and samples to be treated at 10 C. Prepare the brass plate,

mold and briquet specimen in accordance with AASHTO T 51. Keep the specimen at the specified test temperature of 10 C for 85 - 95 minutes. Immediately after conditioning, place the specimen in the ductilometer and proceed to elongate the sample to 20 cm at a rate of pull of 5 cm/min. After the 20 cm elongation has been reached, stop the ductilometer and hold the sample in its elongated position for 5 minutes. After 5 minutes, clip the sample approximately in half by means of scissors or other suitable cutting devices. Let the sample remain in the ductilometer in an undisturbed condition for one hour. At the end of this time period, retract the half sample specimen until the two broken ends touch. At this point note the elongation (x) in cm. Calculate the percent recovery by the following formula:

% Recovery = 20 - X x 100 20

1015.4 Sampling and Test Methods for Asphalt. Property Method RC MC PG Sampling AASHTO T 40 X X X Water AASHTO T 55 X X X Flash Point (Tag Open Cup) AASHTO T 79 X X Flash Point (Cleveland Open Cup) AASHTO T 48 X Viscosity, Centistokes AASHTO T 201 X X Distillation AASHTO T 78 X X Penetration AASHTO T 49 X X Ductility AASHTO T 51 X X Solubility in Trichlorethylene AASHTO T 44 X X X Viscosity (Rotational) ASTM D 4402 X Dynamic Shear AASHTO TP 5 X Rolling Thin Film Oven Test AASHTO T 240 X Pressure Aging Test AASHTO PP 1 X Creep Stiffness AASHTO TP 1 X Direct Tension AASHTO TP 3 X

1015.5 Application Temperatures for Bituminous Materials.

Temperature, Degrees Fahrenheit (Celsius) Spraying Mixing

Bituminous Material

Min Max Min Max Asphalt Binder 260 (125) 325 (165) ---- ----

PG 46-28 All Other Grades 285 (140) 350 (175) 275 (135) 350 (175)

Liquid Asphalt RC-MC Grade 30 70 (20) 150 (65) 50 (10) 110 (45) 70 100 (40) 180 (80) 90 (30) 140 (60)

250 150 (65) 220 (105) 130 (55) 170 (75) 800 180 (80) 260 (125) 170 (75) 210 (100)

3000 210 (100) 290 (145) 200 (95) 240 (115) Asphalt Emulsions

RS-1 70 (20) 140 (60) ---- ---- RS-2 125 (50) 185 (85) ---- ---- SS-1 70 (20) 160 (70) 70 (20) 160 (70) SS-1h 70 (20) 160 (70) 70 (20) 160 (70) CRS-1 125 (50) 185 (85) ---- ---- CRS-2 125 (50) 185 (85) ---- ---- CSS-1 70 (20) 160 (70) 70 (20) 160 (70) CSS-1h 70 (20) 160 (70) 70 (20) 160 (70) EA-90P 130 (55) 180 (80) ---- ---- CRS-2P 130 (55) 180 (80) ---- ----

Application temperatures of other grades of emulsions will be as specified in the contract. The spraying temperature for non-modified PG 46-28 asphalt binder is 260 - 325 F (125 - 165 C) and for all other higher temperature non-modified performance grades is 285 - 350 F (140 - 175 C). The mixing and compaction temperatures for performance graded asphalt binder shall be determined by rotational viscosity testing as defined in AASHTO TP4. When material to be applied by pressure distributor is, due to refining or blending procedures, delivered at a temperature above the specified limits, the material may be applied at the higher

temperature provided satisfactory application can be obtained at the specified rate and provided sufficient precaution is exercised with respect to the fire hazard. 1015.6 Measurement of Bituminous Material. Field weight (mass) or field volumetric determinations of the material actually incorporated into the work will be used for measurement of the quantity of bituminous material for payment. The volume of material supplied from intermediate storage tanks will be determined from the net weight (mass) of the material. The net weight (mass) will be determined from the gross weight (mass) of the loaded transport vehicle used to deliver the material to the project less the empty transport vehicle weight (mass). The volume correction methods specified below will be used for determining the volume of bituminous material. Scales for determining the weight (mass) of bituminous material shall comply with the requirements of Sec 310. 1015.6.1 Liquid Bituminous Material and Asphalt Binder - Volumetric Determination. Measurement of the material will be based on the volume at 60 F (15.6 C). The volume correction factors of ASTM D 1250, Table 24b, will be used for converting the material from the volume at the observed temperature to the volume at 60 F (15.6 C). The volume of uncalibrated distributors and tank trucks will be determined from the net weight (mass) of the material. The net weight (mass) will be determined from the gross weight (mass) of the loaded delivery vehicle less the empty delivery vehicle weight (mass). For computing the volume in gallons (liters) from weight (mass), the following formula will be used:

ENGLISH W SG x 8.328 G = where: G = Volume in gallons at 60 F. W = Weight of material in pounds. SG = Specific Gravity of material at 60 F.

METRIC M SG x 997.914 L = where: L = Volume in liters at 15.6 C. M = Mass of material in kilograms SG = Specific Gravity of material at 15.6 C. 1015.6.2 Emulsified Asphalt. Measurement of the material will be based on the volume at 60 F (15.6 C) using a coefficient of expansion of 0.0003 per degree F (0.00054 per degree C) for converting the material from the volume at the observed temperature to the volume at 60 F (15.6 C).