19
Search for Strange Quark Matter and Q-Balls with the SLIM Experiment. Zouleikha Sahnoun Astrophys. Dept. CRAAG, Algiers & INFN Bologna, Italy

Search for Strange Quark Matter and Q-Balls with the SLIM Experiment

  • Upload
    ray

  • View
    35

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

DESCRIPTION

Search for Strange Quark Matter and Q-Balls with the SLIM Experiment . Zouleikha Sahnoun Astrophys . Dept . CRAAG, Algiers & INFN Bologna, Italy. The SLIM experiment S earch for LI ght M agnetic monopoles. CR39. LEXAN. Al. Nuclear fragment. Fast MM. Slow MM. m. 1 mm. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Citation preview

Page 1: Search for Strange  Quark  Matter  and  Q-Balls with  the SLIM  Experiment

Search for Strange Quark Matter and Q-Balls with the SLIM Experiment.

Zouleikha SahnounAstrophys. Dept. CRAAG, Algiers & INFN Bologna, Italy

Page 2: Search for Strange  Quark  Matter  and  Q-Balls with  the SLIM  Experiment

Search for SQM and Q-Balls in the SLIM Experiment

2

The SLIM experimentSearch for LIght Magnetic monopoles

24th ICNTS 01/09/2008

Page 3: Search for Strange  Quark  Matter  and  Q-Balls with  the SLIM  Experiment

Search for SQM and Q-Balls in the SLIM Experiment

3

The SLIM experimentSearch for LIght Magnetic monopoles

24th ICNTS 01/09/2008

Dependent on the deposited energy : Restricted Energy Loss (REL)

Calibration curves p versus REL

m Nuclear fragment

Fast MM

SlowMM

1 mm

CR39

Al

LEXAN

Page 4: Search for Strange  Quark  Matter  and  Q-Balls with  the SLIM  Experiment

Search for SQM and Q-Balls in the SLIM Experiment

4

Strange Quark Matteralias SQM, Nuclearites, Strangelets, Quark Bags

24th ICNTS 01/09/2008

Page 5: Search for Strange  Quark  Matter  and  Q-Balls with  the SLIM  Experiment

Search for SQM and Q-Balls in the SLIM Experiment

5

Strange Quark Matteralias SQM, Nuclearites, Strangelets, Quark Bags

24th ICNTS 01/09/2008

Page 6: Search for Strange  Quark  Matter  and  Q-Balls with  the SLIM  Experiment

6

Nuclearites Energy Loss

24th ICNTS 01/09/2008 Search for SQM and Q-Balls in the SLIM Experiment

Elastic and quasi-elastic collisions with atoms and molecules

10-5 10-4 10-3 10-2101

102

103

104

105

106

107

Monopoles, g = 2g D

M N = 10

19 GeV

M N = 10

17 GeV

Nuclea

rites,

M N < 8.

4 x 10

14 GeV

CR39 Threshold

RE

L (M

eV g

-1 c

m2 )

Page 7: Search for Strange  Quark  Matter  and  Q-Balls with  the SLIM  Experiment

Search for SQM and Q-Balls in the SLIM Experiment

724th ICNTS 01/09/2008

The Minimum velocity versus mass for Nuclearites at the top of the atmosphere to be detected by the SLIM experiment.

108 109 1010 1011 1012 1013 1014 1015 101610-6

10-5

10-4

10-3

10-2

10-1

100

101

Nuclearite Mass (GeV/c2)

min

SLIM could record any nuclearite with mass above 3 1010 GeV/c2

Page 8: Search for Strange  Quark  Matter  and  Q-Balls with  the SLIM  Experiment

24th ICNTS 01/09/2008

StrangeletsCharacteristic signature:

A very low charge to mass (Z/A) ratio!

Page 9: Search for Strange  Quark  Matter  and  Q-Balls with  the SLIM  Experiment

24th ICNTS 01/09/2008

StrangeletsBehave like ordinary nuclei

Same acceleration processes and Energy Loss !

10-5 10-4 10-3 10-2 10-1 100

102

103

104

CR39 (DOP) threshold

CR39 Threshold

Z=14, A=300 Z=17, A=400 Z=21, A=580 Z=46, A=1000

RE

L (M

eVg-1

cm2 )

Restricted energy loss of strangelets in CR39 Nuclear track detectors

Page 10: Search for Strange  Quark  Matter  and  Q-Balls with  the SLIM  Experiment

Search for SQM and Q-Balls in the SLIM Experiment

1024th ICNTS 01/09/2008

Strangelets Propagation in Atmosphere

Two kinds of phenomenological models:

• Strangelets losing mass when colliding with air nuclei: - Wilk,G. et al. J. Phys. G 22 (1996) L105.

• Small strangelets accreting neutrons and protons increasing their mass and charge. - Banerjee S., et al., J. Phys. G 25 (1999) L15.

Page 11: Search for Strange  Quark  Matter  and  Q-Balls with  the SLIM  Experiment

Search for SQM and Q-Balls in the SLIM Experiment

1124th ICNTS 01/09/2008

Strangelets Propagation in Atmosphere

Two kinds of phenomenological models:

• Strangelets losing mass when colliding with air nuclei: - Wilk,G. et al. J. Phys. G 22 (1996) L105.

Minimum Baryon number to reach Chacaltaya Laboratory Ainitial> 2200.

Page 12: Search for Strange  Quark  Matter  and  Q-Balls with  the SLIM  Experiment

Search for SQM and Q-Balls in the SLIM Experiment

1224th ICNTS 01/09/2008

• Small strangelets accreting neutrons and protons increasing their mass and charge. - Banerjee S., et al., J. Phys. G 25 (1999) L15.

For Zinitial = 2 above atmosphere

Z at Chacaltaya about 14

Page 13: Search for Strange  Quark  Matter  and  Q-Balls with  the SLIM  Experiment

Search for SQM and Q-Balls in the SLIM Experiment

1324th ICNTS 01/09/2008

Predictions

102 103 104 10510-14

10-13

10-12

10-11

10-10

10-9

A-7.5

Flux

(cm

-2s-1

sr-1)

A

Chacaltaya Laboratory 540 g/cm2 (1sr):- Madsen: ~ 300 events/100 m2 / year.- Wilk*: ~ 6 events/100 m2 / year.- Banerjee*: ~5-10 events/100 m2 / year.

Two fluxes proposed:

Strange star binary collision + propagation in the galaxy: F A-0.467 Z-1.2 max[RSM, RGC]-1.2.

Candidate events + relative abundance of elements in the Universe: F A-7.5.

J. Madsen, Phys. Rev. D71 (2005) 014026

Rybczynski M. et al. Nucl. Phys. B (Proc. Suppl.) 151 (2006) 341

Page 14: Search for Strange  Quark  Matter  and  Q-Balls with  the SLIM  Experiment

Search for SQM and Q-Balls in the SLIM Experiment

14

Experimental Results

24th ICNTS 01/09/2008

The analysis of 427 m2 of NTDS exposed for 4.22 years showed NO EVENT

109 1011 1013 1015 1017 1019 1021 1023 102510-16

10-14

= 10-3

Galactic D

ark Matter Lim

it

NORIKURA

OHYA

MACRO

SLIM

M (GeV/c2)

Flux

Upp

er L

imit

(cm

-2s-1

sr-1)

MACRO+SLIM

Flux Upper Limits at 90% C.L. for downgoing Strange Quark Matter

1.3 10-15 cm-2 s-1 sr-1

Nuclearites

Page 15: Search for Strange  Quark  Matter  and  Q-Balls with  the SLIM  Experiment

Search for SQM and Q-Balls in the SLIM Experiment

15

Experimental Results

24th ICNTS 01/09/2008

The analysis of 427 m2 of NTDS exposed for 4.22 years showed NO EVENT

Flux Upper Limits at 90% C.L. for downgoing Strange Quark Matter

1.3 10-15 cm-2 s-1 sr-1

Propagation Models ?

Banerjee et al. May be excluded.

Wilk et al. Only marginaly excluded.

Strangelets

102 103 104 105

10-15

10-14

10-13

10-12

10-11

10-10

10-9

( 0.4)

(0.8)

( 0.7)

0.6

0.8

Ordinary Strangelets

SLIM

TREKSkyLabHEAO-3ARIEL-6

Price event

ET event

Flux

Upp

er L

imit

(cm

-2sr

-1s-1

)

A

HECRO-81

CFL Strangelets

0.9

Page 16: Search for Strange  Quark  Matter  and  Q-Balls with  the SLIM  Experiment

Search for SQM and Q-Balls in the SLIM Experiment

1624th ICNTS 01/09/2008

Q-Balls

- Neutral Q-balls (SENS) main interaction process is the catalysis of proton decay. Not relevant for NTDs.

- Charged Q-balls (SECS) are similar to nuclearites and strangelets and behave like ordinary nuclei: same interaction processes !

Dark Matter candidate.

Hypothetical coherent states of squarks, sleptons and Higgs fields.

10-5 10-4 10-3 10-2102

103

CR39 (DOP) Threshold

CR39 Threshold

ZQ = 13e

ZQ =1e

RE

L (M

eVg-1

cm2 )

Page 17: Search for Strange  Quark  Matter  and  Q-Balls with  the SLIM  Experiment

Search for SQM and Q-Balls in the SLIM Experiment

1724th ICNTS 01/09/2008

Flux Upper Limit of Charged Q-Balls

107 109 1011 1013 1015 1017 1019 1021 1023 102510-16

10-14

Flux

Upp

er L

imit

(cm

-2s-1

sr-1)

M (GeV/c2)

KITAMI

Q-Balls, ZQ >10e

= 2 .10-3

Galactic D

ark Matter Lim

it

OHYA

SLIM

MACRO

NORIKURA

Page 18: Search for Strange  Quark  Matter  and  Q-Balls with  the SLIM  Experiment

Search for SQM and Q-Balls in the SLIM Experiment

1824th ICNTS 01/09/2008

Conclusion

• The SLIM experiment was able to detect Strange Quark Matter charged Q-balls .

• The null observation sets a flux upper limit at the 90% C.L. of 1.3 10-15 cm-2 s-1 sr-1

• Models of strangelets propagation through the Earth atmosphere were constrained.

Page 19: Search for Strange  Quark  Matter  and  Q-Balls with  the SLIM  Experiment

Search for SQM and Q-Balls in the SLIM Experiment

1924th ICNTS 01/09/2008

Thank You.