Satan: Bible Encyclopedia

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    SARIDraki.s rhe hands of Marduk (al Babylon). b. co.tiNeswnh 'at that timc I builr a ciry (cf. AR,43, II , $570,72, etc.). Severalnscripdons escribehe FalaceARAr,II , S$?2-?5,84-94.6102, o8.llE). The dedicalion1mkple in the month of Tishntu (Sept.-Ocl.i cf. .dRAr,II , $94)7068... His lst inscription s daled n EFonymvof N6hir Bel. i.e., 705 3... 6n4r, II , 9221)-He wakiled in baide near Tab.l {N of th. Taurus mouniai.s),whe.e the Cimmdilns w.re alEdptine an invsior. andwd succeedd by his son Scnnachenb who .scendedro the rhrone on 12 Abu 705. The Cimmcrio inva$onwd delayed fo. nmy yeds. and pe.napsnever r.gainedirs tull for@, Senmch.rib noved the capilal lo NineYeh:DDr Smkin wd never srain @cupied as a ctpital and

    Je. airo AssYRr^ ILE-6.AiblioEtht.lAH, rl r (1925), 4'6Oi ,{NEI, pp. 234'37iDOta pp. 53-6li A. G. Li., ,N.tiptiotu oI SaryonII, Kingo/,{srrtd (r929)iH. W F, Sasss,GQnt^.'s thot wat Bobrtd(r%2),Dp lll-l3i A. T. Orniezn, West.t^Asio ^ the DorsaJsaryonof Assltia (rqB)SARID s:ir'id [Heb, i.iir]r NEB SEADUD. A borderro*n ar rhe oulhea\km cxlr.mil\ ofzebulun \ tnbal n-hgilancc lJ6h. 1910. 2)- A few Lxx MSS eads.d,z4and thb has led ro fte identiirion wiih Tell Shadndon thc norihm edg. of the Valley of Jeftel, abour 8 kn.(5 oi.) SEof Nmeth and 0tn, (6mi,)NNE ofMesiddo.Surface su.veys havc prodnc.d evidence of occupatondatins b&k ro rhe Lale Bronze psiod. If ihis identifica-rion is cor@t, the onginal nd. nay have been Shadud(d. NEB) rarher rhan Sarid.,rltiax"prr.-w F. Albrigtt, ,nsoR, 19(oct. lts), 9i Glqtr . tagf t LREG, t\, 117, 57.sARoN sAr'.n (Acrs9:15,Av)..Je. SE^RoN.SAROTUIEs*rd'fte [Ck, B,J4rbthei,A Satothiel.lL^dof af@ily of tons of Solomon s sewdts who relurndfron the Exilc with Zerubb.bel (l Esd, 5rl4). The Imcis missing n the peallel lisrs in Ezr 2:57; Neh T:59-sARsEclIlM siir's.-Km [Heb. id{'*in]; NEB NEBU-sARsBKlM, The nmc of a Babylonian hieh ofncial {theR^Bs Ns) sho enbred Jerusalco whe. rhe cny fll roth Babylonians n J87B.c. (Jer.39:l). U.less it is an-olh.r n@e or descripdon of Nebushdbd the Rabsdis '(v . l3), the bedcr re@jne uride ined, Somc .rcg.leshave sua.sred rhar the tert be re.d Nc.gal{heezr thcsin-maeir (omcial), Nebesa6chim fte Rabsdis. BuiNcbc\dq.chio wouldEptesentmunkrcwn aabyloniepGonal nM that 6 hardly b. .quated wirh Neb!-sheban (Atk- Narr-3?.iran( ni)= NtbLsha.(i)ba^). See

    L In the oTB. Angelic BeingIL ln lnt.rlstamenlal UtentureA. IncMsed Inlercst in SalanB. Jewhh ApocalypticC, Compansonwith NT UsageIII. I. lhe NTB. Saran\ KingdomC- Jesus'TriumphD. Satan\ ObjectileE. Th CMstian's Couot.rslrategiesI. ln Th. OT.-A. Adversory.The Hebrew nounsicnfies n adv..sdy'in several ontheoloscaltcxtsi e.s.. the Philistines n1 Davidback ron rbe

    us" (l S. 29:4): David said tbat the sons of Zerui.nbohavins a ad adversary" to him whd lhey adviedb kill Shimci 2 S. 19:22): oloho. exulted hat Godlines, lest in the baltl h. b@ne m adve6ary lJatrinl

    givcn him rsl on every side dd thai th..e was "nadversary nor nisfortunc" (l K. 5:4); dd theraised up m adv.rsary assinsl Solomon, HadadEdomit" l K. ll:23: ct v.25). Tt!. veri, ,irurm.ans"accuse"or "resisr. Th. psalnistconplaindrhosewho rendcrcdhim evil for goodwereeting dversdica'rohin (Ps.38:20MT 2l]i ct 109:4).

    rclil.s (w. l-20). The first tim God forbade

    B. Ans.h. Beins. ^ lour OI passa9eti@nd aneelic bcin8. (S?? ANGEL.)(l) Numbere 22 tells how an an8el becme a iildt''adverdy' io Bal@, a w.ll-known diviner, Twiccak king of Moab requested thal aalad curs thc

    SARUCS ar'.k Lk,3r15,AV).,J ERuc.sAsg lHeb. qiiiruiu I (Isa. :20)i Av HEADBANDiNEB NECKLACE. An ommell of *onen s attire, aFpdenily sonethitrg hal wa tied or bound(ci rhe vdb4a_id, 'bind"). Its crel identity is uncenritr, bur rheEnglishv.6ions indicate h vdious possibilitica.Cf rhe8e of the H.br.v rerm in J.r, 2:32(AV RSY attir"NBB ribboc').S TANsa'r.nlHeb.Jtlrt'adve.sdy'

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    '+q_i! fellowshipwith Him as surpassingelerythins lse! eenh -even hh own heahh.: sd dn \ accuralory ole | . l .u .cen .n Ze! 1: l l .asr ie is eiplicilly Cod s enemy n that he ries to disea , Joshua, heposlerilichiChp.isr,byaccusinshina : o.n \in\. Cnd rehulc. SarJn or rhr, b) declannc& ile has orsivenall of Joshua sins r. .1).Herc alsou- ' "c.u\alon. ccu'e Cu{ \ sd ne{ dd slorJ ro,Ht our n sharper eliet, n tharGod has orgivenJoshuad li sins despite he accusalions f an an8elicbeine.:-fto the asl lwo passaeesl can be deduced hat the,' : ,re*s God, n His sovereis.ty.as permilring he exrsa:. fe\ .1in a penul l imalend imired") . Ue de' nolrd evil as a inal end, blt only as a deans for the*ere cn' l lar 'ns &hieveme'r oi rhe srcdt r E^od.Eir. the more pronounceddisplay of His soodness

    r Perhaps uch a theodicy ies behind he way I Ch.: rem

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    SATANlater intenestmental period, 4eslypticisn generallydilplays rhre pEvailing f.atur.\: tll for lh. rlme b.ineGod reiens ta,r..d,,rt above this .vil wodd, wh.r.Satm is now allowed 10 cxcrcisc a hther slbsranrialdount of aurhonry; (2) Satd d@s not have conpletecdtrol over the wo.ld. howevr. for Cod ofr.6 strccortorhe righteou3 to kep them frcm bcing oveNhclned bysatd\ e@l powr (lQs 3:24t); dd (3) rhc day is com-ina whn th. tEnsccndcnt God wil ressn His innd!ate contrcl over the world, prhaps in a naw h.avcn ddqrth (thcs fcaturescd be seo in IQS 3:15-4:25;se.II.A.I abov.). Th.n risht.ousn.$ will rcis., md Sateand hi\ aneels will bc \epamrd from rhe n* cretionwherc ri8htousncss rul.s, eiihr to be tonentd rh.m-*lves in d erehal h.ll doru with th. wicked, or als tohclp mctc oul plnisbme ro thc wick.d. "I l@* not forihis g.nemrion, bur for th. one th.t is coning" (l En. | :2),slands as m appopriare rp.sion of the mood of apoc-

    C. Conpansd with Nr Utag.. Although Jcwish apc-slypliciso prcvides th. natursl xplmarion for the NT\grealer intercsl in Saran(and the devil) thd rhe OT s, no!ev.rything in Jewisb apocalypticd vi.ws about Sal{ wascdi.d ov.. inro thc NT. For exmpl, (l ) whcreA M1.25:41 iddicates that th wick.d will be punished h a helapparcndy alrcady Dtpared for th devil md his angeh,CD 8:2 sbres ihat Satd bimscu Mll help ir rh ponish,neni of the Mcked: 'fthe aposratesl shal be visir.d ford..trucrion by th. haod of S.td. Likwiw, I En. 53:3rcfcB to the aqels of plaguc" prepding r} thaiN ofSaran for th puishnnt of all sinn.6. (2) tvhercas ihNT says norhiog about Satd\ notiv in rb.lli.g arainstGod. W'|d. 2:21r.srar\. Cod , , , mde md in thc in-age of his own ctcmity, blr lhMgh th. dcvil\ cnvy lofmn s haviq rhis imag.l, datl enterd inro rh. wo.ld."I ite of Adm &d Eve l2-lb elaboBl.c on lhis morive&d on Salet rol. in the fsl of humdkind. Whcn theand Mich&l odercd rhe dvil 10 woBhip the inas. ofGod in AdaF and Eve, rbc dvil answ.rcd, I will notwoBhip on i.f.nor and subscqudt 10n." (14:l). Cmsc-queotly God cxp.lled the devil and hb dgcls fron havenonlo the eanh. Th. dcvil cxplsined 10 Adm, 'And imc-diar.ly we eerc @d. to gricvc, sin@ we had b..ndprivd of s er1 elory. And we wrc pained to *e youin such bliss of dlidts. So wnh d!.n I assailcd y@rwifc and mde you io b .xpell.d thrcueh hd froD rhajoys of your bliss, a I have ben ?xpll.d frcm my glory"{r6:x.).Bul scvcEl elehen|\ of the NT s moc d.vclopdpic-lurc of Satan apFd al@dy in tbe inlrtsrmental lir.n,turc. (D Ac@rdin3 ro Jub. l0:8 satd nles ov.. a king-don of wickcd dgeh (deho.t, as ,.sos taueht in Mr.l2:25i (2) Sarm\ rul., almys limird by cod's $v,crcignty. exle.ds io ail th wodd. Mdlrrdom of Isiah 2:4says, "Th. angel of iniquity who rulca thc world BBelid." This &co.ds wirh Saiao's claih (Mr. 4:Ef.) thalh has al lesl a denved authority ovcr $e kingdons oflhe world, (l) Salan s a spiritual beins ac@rdins to T.stt,ment of Job 27:2, wh.. h. eys 10 Job, You @ fl.sh,but I m a spi.it. Tbis accords with Eph. 2:2, whichspats of Satan as rb. spiritth now works i. thc chil,dren of dieb.di.nce," Sardrs working in pcopl. to cn.r-giz lhed to do his will ir found io Melyrdoh of Is.iah3: I | , where Belid is sid ro dw.ll in thc hca.t of the evilkins Ma6rh od in $e prines of JudahandB.n,min.M.msFh is de callcd a followe. of BeliE'(l:E). sdrhis id.a ofe.tdn peopl beitrs und.. Satan's mtrcl alsoapp.m in Jo. 8:,14md 2 Tin. 2:26.(4)A3 n Job I 2 md Z.c. lrl. Beliar's cle in Jub. l:20

    is one of accusine rhe riehtous beforc Cod (cf.dom of lsaiah5i2: I En..{l:71. and his idea sRv. 12:10.5) n interresbnenral .mrurc as w.lldGod's ways. According to Apocalypsc of Moses Iwhen Sdan firsI net Ev id rhe Gard.n of Eden h.mdqucndine as d aneel singing Cod spaises. Thn i

    NT, Sate rc$rls to mmy wiles ro lurc people

    recurs n2 Cor. ll:14(cf. w, 13. J), whercSato isto apped as & aneel of lighl. (6) Like 2 Co.. ll:1I Tim- 2:14.Lif. of Adam and Eve enlhasizes Eve\

    cusatior brcu8ht agaiNl th. trlrjusl st.M.d), Olherfor Saian in rhc NI inclnde: 1nDrei' (M1. 4:3: I3:5),Bel&bul(e.s., t. 12124),rh ..nemy" Mt. :Bclial 2Cor.6:l5), sodofrniswond (2 Cor.4:4:cl12:31),powc.of dartl.s" {Lt. 22:53i, prine of

    io thc fal while al$ acknowl*iry Adan s srilt (E:2).ll:l.l Adm l.ls hi! sons$at rwo.neels had beenpoinied to slard Ev and him*lf in the ga.den. Butthey left to woFhip God in heaven, r'imnediar.ly thcveBary, rhe d.vil, found oppodutory whil rh.werc away and d@eived your motber so that she arcthe ilicit md forbidden r.ee. And sh ar. andsaveto(?)Tt. inrenesrMcnraliteErue equenry amrmi6nal ed lasrins punishment of Sato- I En. 54:6,a8@s pitb the sratemenl in Mr. 25:41 ftar rhe dvilh,s.n8ehwillb. pudrh.d n.tcmal ir.: ThenRapbel, Cibnel. dd Phduel rhnselves shall seiaamics of Azell on tbat ere.t day of judgment sdiheminto thefirmacc of nrc) fiat is buming hat dar,tbat the hrd of Spinb roy take veryeue on thmaccount of their opprcssive d@ds which (theyas messenaeF of satd, leading dtFy thosc who

    l. ta th. NT.-A. Ieraadlop. The name Saidttusliteraled inb rhe crcck of th NT rhirty-four iH. is alsocall.d ddrolor ( d.vil ) ttirly-six tines irordance wirh rh. Dmctic. of rh. LXX t6nslato6.appmntly chose rhis rem beeusc ns @r m.anin!"&cus. (c t Lk. 16:1.whercdiaralb denolesh

    powe. of th air' (EDh. 2;2) "adveBary" (l Pct.''dceiv.r"(R.v. |2:9), dEeon (e.s., |2:l), rhe

    over a kinsdom of dcmone.JcJuspicrurcs Satd ah@vity 3med pnn@ dwelins wirh his denonicitr a fonincd pal&c (Mt, l2:2J-29pd). Sard, alonghis d.mons. [email protected] so much @wer ov.. thtbit he is tmed the 'tuler of ihis wo.ld" (.1.. I

    serplt (e.8.,20:2),'falh.r of licd' md mu.dercf8144), h eus.r'(R.L 12:10), pollym(9:ll),"thccvil o.e" (e.g., Jn.2:llr.).B. Sataac Kiatdon. The NT enlarssupon hctestmental lirenlw s undehtddin! of sats s

    l4:30a6rlli cf, Rcv, 2:9i 20:3, l; alsoLk,4r5f,). t

    .mmc.lh4 Flsoled thc chwhes, is desc.ibd asplac. "wh.rc Satm dwclls" (Rcv. 2: l2f.).

    sr.ikinshat h ems n Rom. 3:1,3 or thtal rul.B insdtuGd bt Cod for rhe sood of scierya.chnn a\d eto6id) e lkd in E h.6:12fo.thcpowe6 asainsLwhich thc christie must waawadre. Gl. l..rtr is also he word u*d in I Cor. 2:8rcprcnt thgov.mmnialpow.B rsponsibl. or t.!dctucifrion. This may explain why Pryanun, whosSatan tul.s in ih h.rns of all thoe wio e notof Cod (l Jn.l:81); tbcy e caled the childrcnofd.vil" (r l0: cf. Jn. 8:44).P.ior to rcscncntioo all.nrsizddd moriraredby th spirirofSatm (Eph.2* ,cf. Acts 26:18), For the tinc being Cod bas gmtd S3r-a liniied Nwr ovr dath. and Sare Ne! th. f*deth to kep peopl. ii bondaee o him rHe, 2:14f.). }

    96dci rhisby conrErunsheanii.ry dd despair

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    !{ s'lh dealh wilh the immediate,albeil lemporarr. l rbn rhdr ar oe obrarned ' ro l . .s i18 hr ' .Ldy.' ./.r!r' Ifkhpl. By sufennsanddyineon thecross.e.- d..ua8ed od\ srearqlh os,rnn the rr or 'h(u n ra.e con\equenl lJ ilo.e sho.ubm ro Je.u\!,rrraod t .dfindthenselvesdeliveredirodthesatan-L r rddscunderq\ich rheJha\e h!

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    SATAN. DEPTHS OTwelfde bu1 also olt of esponsibility for others, souts.Christiansmust seek10 strensrhn ne anolhe.s h&d ioGod by Mallingthe -prcc'ou\ sd v.r] srat Drcmiqei f

    Se. ,b, DEM;Nol,cyj EvrL n.Ar nI.A.BiblLtrttht.-D. 6. Bamhou*, flrp tn'isibt war ltg65.Jlw Blackion., Sar,,, Hr Aiaqd.n and 6. t o, \$.nrlF Buldr sahh. Hr Panrult^. Por,. omtO,?nturvRpt.lqj3)t P.Curs, EktoD oI theD.ril and the td.a d Ev eq{[,repl r9?4', . ( har.r. dd' rr.pr taTr'.I ch&t.sronh, ru.,oI Pr?udrpiRrrphat2\ot\. \, t'r