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Xiang Fang National Satellite Meteorological Center ,CMA Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II

Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II -  · Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II . ... (Kosa in Japanese). ... Dust identification product - dust score based on multi-

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Page 1: Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II -  · Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II . ... (Kosa in Japanese). ... Dust identification product - dust score based on multi-

Xiang Fang

National Satellite Meteorological Center ,CMA

Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II

Page 2: Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II -  · Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II . ... (Kosa in Japanese). ... Dust identification product - dust score based on multi-

Outline

• Dust products in RA II

• Validation of multi-satellite products

• Action Proposed

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3

Operational Dust Monitoring and

Forecasting in RAII

AOD, et al.(MTSAT Himawari-8; COMS;

FY-2 FY-4; FY-3 ;EOS/MODIS)

(Obs. With Satellite)

PM10, AOD (Skyradiometer, Lidar),

Visibility, et al. from Weather Chart

(Obs. In situ.)

Operational Forecast

Model

Forecast Application

Issuance for Public

Assimilation

(Model)

Dust Information

Sharing

Validation

Dust products in RA II

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Visibility

Routine SDS Observational and visibility Data -Asia

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Lidar

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Current operational dust forecast systems

Country Model Area

China CUACE/Dust Asia

Japan MASINGAR-mk2 Global

Korea UM-ADAM2 Asia

Mongolia MGL-ADAM E. Asia

Now, Only CUACE/Dust model has assimilated satellite product (IDDI).

So, it is essential for improving satellite data assimilation.

Page 8: Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II -  · Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II . ... (Kosa in Japanese). ... Dust identification product - dust score based on multi-

Dust products from satellite data

Orbit Satellite Instrument Product Waveband

Polar Orbit

FY-3B/C

TOU AI(Absorption Aerosol

Index ) UV

MERSI AOD, Angstrom exponent VIS,NIR

VIRR Dust Score VIS,NIR,IR

FY-3C VIRR

Dust Optical Thickness IR

Dust Particle Effective Radii IR

Dust Column Density IR

GEO Orbit

FY-2D/E/F/G S-VISSR IDDI IR

MTSAT-2 JAMI AOD VIS

Himawari-8 AHI AOD, Angstrom VIS,NIR

KOMPSAT GOCI AOD, AI VIS

Page 9: Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II -  · Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II . ... (Kosa in Japanese). ... Dust identification product - dust score based on multi-

MTSAT-2 AOD Surface weather observation in Japan

Blue circles are weather stations where dust

was visually observed by human eyes.

n.b. AOD cannot be estimated over cloudy area.

Aerosol optical depth (AOD) product is used for monitoring dust events.

MTSAT AOD for Asian dust monitoring

Dust Event: 29 Apr – 2 May 2011

Satellite Products from JMA

Page 10: Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II -  · Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II . ... (Kosa in Japanese). ... Dust identification product - dust score based on multi-

MTSAT AOD for Asian dust monitoring

Aerosol optical depth (AOD) over the ocean estimated from MTSAT data.

Method: Generate a lookup table which relates MTSAT visible band’s reflectivity to aerosol property using radiative transfer simulation. Estimate aerosol property from MTSAT data using the lookup table. MTSAT band: VIS (0.55 - 0.90 μm)

Ångström exponent (proxy for particle size) is fixed

Aerosol type is assumed to be Asian dust. Not optimized for other types of aerosol (e.g. haze)

User: JMA routinely uses MTSAT aerosol product for monitoring Asian dust events (‘Kosa’ in Japanese).

Page 11: Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II -  · Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II . ... (Kosa in Japanese). ... Dust identification product - dust score based on multi-

Himawari-8 AOD for Asian dust monitoring

Aerosol optical depth (AOD) and Ångström exponent (proxy for particle size) to be estimated from Himawari-8/AHI data. Ångström exponent only over the ocean.

Method: Generate a lookup table which relates Himawari-8/AHI visible and near-infrared bands’ reflectivities to aerosol property using radiative transfer simulation. Estimate aerosol property from Himawari-8/AHI data using the lookup table. AHI bands: 0.64, 0.86 μm (ocean), 0.64, 2.25 μm (land)

Aerosol type is assumed to be Asian dust. Not optimized for other types of aerosol (e.g. haze)

Validation plan: Comparison with surface observation of AOD

User: JMA will routinely use Himawari-8 aerosol product for monitoring Asian dust events (‘Kosa’ in Japanese).

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COMS

Satellite Products from KMA

Asian dust Index May 2011 12

Instrument Product Area

MI Aerosol Index (AI)

Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD)

GOCI AOD

Fine-Mode Fraction(FMF)

Single scattering Albedo (SSA)

Aerosol Type

KMA has developed the new sand

and dust detection algorithm using 4

channels of COMS/MI: 3 IR

channels with VIS channel, to

improve the previous algorithm

which uses 2 IR channels. KMA is

testing and validating the

performance of this algorithm with

surface observation data.

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Retrieval results from GOCI :

Dust case (2012.04.27)

13

GOCI RGB

MODIS AOD (2 times per day)

GOCI AOD (1hr interval)

GOCI FMF

MODIS FMF GOCI Aerosol Type

(AOD > 0.3)

GOCI SSA

0.0 2.0 0.85 1.0 0.0 1.0

HA, fine MA, fine NA, fine Mixture Dust NA/coarse

FMF 0.6 ~ 1.0 0.6 ~ 1.0 0.6 ~ 1.0 0.4~0.6 0.1~0.4 0.1~0.4

SSA 0.85~0.90 0.90~0.95 0.95~0.99 0.85~0.99 0.85~0.95 0.95~0.99

Yellow Dust

MI AOD (15min interval)

0.0 2.0

Low FMF (~0.3): coarse particle

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Validation results of AODs from GOCI and MI • AERONET level 2.0 AOD data (2011.03.01-2013.02.28)

- Spatial co-location : within 25km at each AERONET site

- Time co-location : ±30min AERONET at each satellite center measurement time

14

AERONET lev2.0 Data

[110 0E – 150 0E, 20 0N-45 0N]

2012. 03. 01 ~ 2012. 05. 31

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• NOAA and MODIS data are used for detection of SDS in the Environmental Information Center, National Agency for Meteorology and Hydrology (NAMEM), Mongolia

Dust storm by MODIS

Satellite products from Mongolia

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IDDI: Infrared Difference Dust Index with infrared window channel could be ratio to dust density.

China Satellite – Geo orbit products

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2013-01-20 17

3.14-3.15, 2009

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Forecasting application in CMA – DUST-IDDI

29 Apr. 2011, FY-2D IDDI product

Forecasting result of GRAPRS-CUACE/Dust without DUST-IDDI

Developed DUST-IDDI numerical assimilation system with FY-2 IDDI product,

DUST-IDDI is coupled with dust numerical forecasting system named as GRAPES-CUACE/Dust,

could provide 72 hours forecasting results in Asian region as real-time services.

Forecasting result of GRAPRS-CUACE/Dust with DUST-IDDI

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20100321

AOD product over land from FY-4 (proxy data AQUA/MODIS)

21 Mar. 2010 RGB figure AOD@550nm

26 Mar. 2010 RGB figure

21 Mar. 2010

26 Mar. 2010

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• RGB figure monitoring

China Satellite – Polar orbit products

The dust weather event occurred in southeast

Mongolia , the middle of Inner Mongolia , the

Bohai Sea and the Korean Peninsula

caused by Mongolia cyclone during February 21-

23, 2015.

Page 21: Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II -  · Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II . ... (Kosa in Japanese). ... Dust identification product - dust score based on multi-

AOD product from VIS and NIR spectral band based on look-up table method, sensitive to weak dust storm

under clear pixels.

20090315 20090316 20090317

Page 22: Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II -  · Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II . ... (Kosa in Japanese). ... Dust identification product - dust score based on multi-

23 Apr.2010-3,May

24 Apr.2010 FY2D IDDI

Absorption Aerosol Index (AAI) using 331nm and 360nm, FY3 TOU present the semi-quantity information of absorption aerosols.

Page 23: Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II -  · Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II . ... (Kosa in Japanese). ... Dust identification product - dust score based on multi-

Dust identification product - dust score based on multi-threshold method using 12 dust identification indexes for monitoring.

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Global dust monitoring with FY-3A/VIRR. Result shows in binary image.

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25

Quantitative retrieval from TIR

using infrared split-window channel, sensitive to strong dust storm and less

affected by surface type, could be used in dust source region.

Page 26: Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II -  · Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II . ... (Kosa in Japanese). ... Dust identification product - dust score based on multi-

20130309,FY-3A/VIRR RGB

AOD overlay RGB

Test result:

Page 27: Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II -  · Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II . ... (Kosa in Japanese). ... Dust identification product - dust score based on multi-
Page 28: Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II -  · Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II . ... (Kosa in Japanese). ... Dust identification product - dust score based on multi-

Related to the SCOPE-Nowcasting Pilot Project 4, JMA had shared the data in situ and MTSAT AOD products with CMA. CMA had finished the validation of the products of MTSAT, FY-3, FY-4 using same validate method and shown the result in AMSUC-5.

Satellite L2 Data

MTSAT : AOD from MTSAT-1R or MTSAT-2 supplied by MSC/JMAM

Spatial resolution: 0.25°*0.2°(lon*lat)

Case area range: 17-52°N, 114-160°E.

Case time period: 16-19 Mar. 2009, 20-24 Mar. 2010, 23-28

Apr. 2010, 29 Apr - 02 May 2011.

FY-3/MERSI Spatial resolution: 1km.

Case area range: 17-52°N, 110-160°E. (Product: global)

Case time period: 16-19 Mar. 2009, 20-24 Mar. 2010 , 23-28

Apr. 2010 , 01-02 May 2011 (FY-3A)

FY-4 ( using AQUA/MODIS as proxy data) Spatial resolution: 1km.

Case area range: 17-52°N, 100-125°E.

Case time period: 19-26 Mar. 2010 , 23-28 Apr. 2010

Ground-based Data AERONET

The level 2 data which are cloud screened and quality

assured are used in the validation.

AOD matchup:

Spatial window :

0.25°*0.2°(lon*lat) for MTSAT ;

0.25°*0.25°for FY-3/4

Temporal window : ±20min

AOD match up:

Spatial window :

0.25°*0.2°(lon*lat) for MTSAT ;

0.25°*0.25°for FY-3/4

Temporal window : ±20min

Validation of multi-satellite products

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Land

Scatter plot of AOD from FY-3/MERSI and FY-4 (proxy) against AERONET

AOD from FY-4 using MODIS as proxy data is overestimated over Land. There is no

systematic bias for AOD from FY-3 when AOD smaller than 1.5 .

Page 30: Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II -  · Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II . ... (Kosa in Japanese). ... Dust identification product - dust score based on multi-

Ocean

Scatter plot of AOD from FY-3/MERSI and MTSAT against AERONET

When compared with AERONET, AOD from MTSAT is underestimated over ocean.

AOD from FY-3 tends to be overestimated at low value while underestimated at high

value.

RMSE of AOD from these 3 satellite products during the process of dust storm is

nearly 0.2 .

Page 31: Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II -  · Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II . ... (Kosa in Japanese). ... Dust identification product - dust score based on multi-

Conclusions about Validation

• The AOD product over ocean from MTSAT has better distribution pattern and good quality

for monitoring floating dust in the dust storm process. The AOD algorithm for FY-4 (using

MODIS as proxy data) is credible, which is proved by the validation result. FY-4 is expected to

provide valid AOD product for dust storm monitoring.

• Limited by the observation frequency, the AOD product from FY-3 can only provide partial

information of the dust storm transmission. The large area affected by sun glint over ocean is

against the continuity of AOD distribution. From the RMSE, it shows that the AOD data

quality of FY-3 is a little poorer than MTSAT over ocean and FY-4 using MODIS as proxy data

over land. FY-3 AOD product is suitable for the aerosol climate background estimation.

• This validation is preliminary work for the limited samples.

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The first session is invited to comment on the comparison between dust products of different satellites. It is further invited to consider the following suggestions:

• Enhancing the comparison between dust products of different satellites. The validation and comparison of Himawari-8 and FY-4 AOD should be done in the future.

• Establishing a website for Asian dust monitoring which should include dust products from all countries, and provide access to users.

• Assimilating the satellite products into operational dust forecast models is improved .

Action Proposed

Page 33: Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II -  · Sand and Dust Monitoring in RA II . ... (Kosa in Japanese). ... Dust identification product - dust score based on multi-

Thanks for your attention!