sampul+ kata pengantar buku TKj terbaru 1

Teknik Komputer dan Jaringan

Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008)

i

SRI PRIHATININGSIH.dkk

TEKNIK KOMPUTER DAN JARINGAN

SMK

Direktorat Pembinaan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Direktorat Jenderal Manajemen Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah Departemen Pendidikan Nasional


Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008) ii

Penyusun

Dra. Sri Prihatiningsih, MT Rudi Haryadi,ST Nusirwan Hakim, SPd Yuli Pamungkas , SP Institusi : SMK Negeri 1 Cimahi

Editor Nama : Hertog Nugroho.Phd

Institusi : Politeknik Negeri Bandung



iii

SAMBUTAN DIREKTUR PEMBINAAN SMK


Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008) iv

KATA PENGANTAR PENYUSUN

Pertama-tama penulis panjatkan puji syukur kehadlirat Allah SWT. atas segala rahmat dan karuniaNya hingga penyusunan buku kejuruan SMK Teknik Komputer dan Jaringan ini dapat terselesaikan.

Buku ini disusun dari tingkat pemahaman dasar Komputer mulai merakit PC, merawat PC, sampai memperbaiki PC hingga aplikasi lanjut yang digunakan dalam membuat Jaringan Komputer baik yang menggunakan kabel maupun yang tanpa kabel juga untuk jaringan lokal (LAN) sampai pada jaringan luas (WAN). Dalam buku ini juga dibahas tentang administrasi server berikut security pada jaringan komputer. Isi buku ini sengaja disajikan secara praktis dan lengkap sehingga dapat membantu para siswa Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK), mahasiswa, guru serta para praktisi industri.

Buku teks ini merupakan salah satu upaya pemerintah untuk mengejar ketertinggalan sebagaimana disebutkan yang diharapkan menjadi bahan rujukan sebagai dasar pengembangan Teknik Komputer dan Jaringan di SMK untuk dikembangkan dan disempunakan melalui temuan-temuan dalam praktik di sekolah serta memotivasi pelaku-pelaku pendidikan di sekolah khususnya guru praktik untuk senantiasa mengembangkan materi bahan ajar sesuai dengan bidangnya, memberikan kritik dan saran untuk menyempurnakan dan melengkapi buku teks ini agar dapat membekali peserta didik secara optimal.

Tim penulis mengucapkan terima kasih kepada berbagai pihak yang telah membantu materi naskah serta dorongan semangat dalam penyelesaian buku ini. Kami sangat berharap dan terbuka untuk masukan serta kritik konstruktif dari para pembaca sehingga dimasa datang buku ini lebih sempurna dan implementatif.

Tak ada yang sempurna kecuali Dia yang memiliki segala puji. Oleh karena itu masukan dan saran penulis harapkan untuk kesempurnaan penulisan ini, atas saran dan masukannya kami ucapkan banyak terimakasih.

Jakarta , November 2008



v

DAFTAR ISI

Sambutan Direktur Pembinaan SMK.......................................................................... ii Kata Pengantar ........................................................................................................ iii Daftar Isi.................................................................................................................... iv Daftar Tabel ..............................................................................................................xii Daftar Gambar ......................................................................................................... xiii Lembar Pengesahan............................................................................................... xxii Glossary................................................................................................................. xxiii Sinopsis ................................................................................................................. xxvi Spektrum Kompetensi Keahlian Teknik Komputer dan Jaringan ............................xxvii Peta Kompetensi.....................................................................................................xxix Daftar Pustaka ........................................................................................................xxxi

Bab 1 Dasar-dasar Personal Komputer ............................................................... 1 1.1 Pendahuluan..................................................................................................1 1.2 Latar Belakang...............................................................................................1

1.2.1 Manfaat Komputer ................................................................................2 1.3 Sejarah Perkembangan..................................................................................3 1.3.1 Alat Hitung Tradisional dan Kalkulator Mekanik....................................3 1.3.2 Komputer Generasi Pertama................................................................5 1.3.3 Komputer Generasi Kedua ...................................................................8 1.3.4 Komputer Generasi Ketiga ...................................................................9 1.3.5 Komputer Generasi Keempat ...............................................................9 1.3.6 Komputer Generasi Kelima.................................................................11

1.4 Organisasi Sistem Komputer........................................................................12 1.4.1 Central Processing Unit ....................................................................... 13 1.4.2 Memory ................................................................................................ 13 1.4.3 Data Bus .............................................................................................. 13 1.4.4 Address Bus......................................................................................... 13 1.4.5 Control Bus .......................................................................................... 13 1.4.6 Input/Output (I/O) Ports ....................................................................... 13

1.5 Perangkat Input............................................................................................14 1.5.1 Keyboard............................................................................................... 14 1.5.2 Mouse ................................................................................................... 14 1.5.3 Trackball................................................................................................ 15 1.5.4 Scanner................................................................................................. 15 1.5.5 Digitizer ................................................................................................. 15 1.5.6 Kamera.................................................................................................. 16 1.5.7 Mic......................................................................................................... 16 1.5.8 Joystick ................................................................................................. 16

1.6 Perangkat Output.........................................................................................16 1.6.1 Monitor .................................................................................................. 17 1.6.2 Printer.................................................................................................... 18 1.6.3 Speaker................................................................................................. 19 1.6.4 LCD Projector ....................................................................................... 20

1.7 Prosesor ......................................................................................................20 1.7.1 Generasi pertama ................................................................................. 20 1.7.2 Generasi Kedua .................................................................................... 21


Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008) vi

1.7.3 Generasi Ketiga .................................................................................... 21 1.7.4 Generasi Keempat ................................................................................ 21 1.7.5 Generasi Kelima.................................................................................... 21 1.7.6 Generasi Keenam ................................................................................. 22 1.7.7 Generasi Ketujuh .................................................................................. 24 1.7.8 Generasi ke 8 Intel Core 2 Duo ............................................................ 25

1.8 Sistem Pendukung ...................................................................................... 27 1.8.1 Motherboard .......................................................................................... 27 1.8.2 Memori .................................................................................................. 28 1.8.3 Expansion Card..................................................................................... 30 1.8.4 Memori Eksternal .................................................................................. 32

1.9 Sistem Operasi............................................................................................ 37 1.9.1 Komponen Sistem Operasi................................................................... 37 1.9.2 Fungsi dan Layanan Sistem Operasi ................................................... 41 1.9.3 Struktur Sistem Operasi........................................................................ 43 1.9.4 Tipe Sistem Operasi ............................................................................. 48 1.9.5 Pemilihan Sistem Operasi .................................................................... 50

1.10. Soal-soal ..................................................................................................... 51

Bab 2 Merakit Merawat Dan Memperbaiki Komputer PersonaL........................ 52 2.1 Pendahuluan............................................................................................... 52 2.2 Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja ............................................................. 52

2.2.1 Electro Static Discharge (ESD)............................................................. 52 2.2.2 Perangkat Proteksi ESD ....................................................................... 53 2.2.3 Sumber-sumber Bahaya ....................................................................... 54 2.2.4 Posisi Kerja yang Baik ....................................................................... 57 2.2.5 Kecelakaan Kerja............................................................................... 59 2.2.6 Menjaga Lingkungan Hidup ............................................................... 61

2.3 Perakitan Komputer Personal...................................................................... 62 2.3.1 Mengenal Layout Mother-board............................................................ 58 2.3.2 Langkah-langkah Perakitan .................................................................. 62 2.3.3 Setting BIOS ......................................................................................... 76 2.3.4 Partisi dan High Level Format Harddisk ............................................... 85

2.3 Melakukan Perawatan PC........................................................................... 88 2.3.1 Perangkat untuk Perawatan ................................................................. 89 2.3.2 Perawatan Peripheral PC ..................................................................... 91 2.3.3 Perawatan secara software .................................................................. 94 2.3.4 Penjadwalan Perawatan PC ................................................................. 97

2.4 Diagnosa dan Troubleshooting.................................................................... 97 2.4.1 Motherboard .......................................................................................... 97 2.4.2 Prosesor/CPU ....................................................................................... 98 2.4.3 I/O Port .................................................................................................. 99 2.4.4 Media Penyimpanan ........................................................................... 100 2.4.5 Memori ................................................................................................ 100 2.4.6 Monitor ................................................................................................ 102 2.4.7 Perangkat Input................................................................................... 103



vii

2.4.8 Kartu Adapter...................................................................................... 104 2.4.9 Rangkuman......................................................................................... 107

2.5 Upgrade Komputer.....................................................................................108 2.5.1 Motherboard........................................................................................ 109 2.5.2 Case .................................................................................................... 109 2.5.3 RAM .................................................................................................... 109 2.5.4 Prosesor.............................................................................................. 110 2.5.5 Harddisk .............................................................................................. 110 2.5.6 Display ................................................................................................ 110 2.5.7 Monitor ................................................................................................ 110 2.5.8 VGA Card............................................................................................ 111 2.5.9 Port...................................................................................................... 111 2.5.10 CD-RW DVD/RW ........................................................................... 112

2.6 Overclocking ..............................................................................................113 2.6.1 Mengatasi Masalah Panas ................................................................. 116 2.6.2 Dampak Overclock ............................................................................. 116

2.7 Masalah Lingkungan..................................................................................117 2.7.1 Prosedur Pembuangan...................................................................... 117

2.7 Soal-soal Latihan .......................................................................................118

Bab 3 Sistem Operasi Untuk Komputer Tunggal (Stand Alone) ..................... 115 3.1 Pendahuluan............................................................................................. 115 3.2 Microsoft Disk Operating System ...............................................................115

3.2.1 Struktur File DOS................................................................................ 116 3.2.2 Dasar Perintah DOS ........................................................................... 117 3.2.3 Membuat Disk Boot DOS ................................................................... 119 3.2.4 Booting Sistem dengan DOS.............................................................. 119 3.2.5 File Konfigurasi DOS .......................................................................... 120 3.2.6 Manajemen Memori ............................................................................ 120 3.2.7 Perangkat Manajemen Memori .......................................................... 121 3.2.8 Registry ............................................................................................... 121

3.3 Sistem Operasi Windows 9X......................................................................122 3.3.1 Windows 95 ........................................................................................ 123 3.3.2 Windows 98 ........................................................................................ 124 3.3.3 Windows Me ....................................................................................... 124 3.3.4 Struktur File Windows ......................................................................... 124 3.3.5 Instalasi Windows 98 .......................................................................... 125 3.3.6 Mengoperasikan Windows 98 ............................................................ 129

3.4 Windows XP ..............................................................................................133 3.4.1 Jenis Windows XP .............................................................................. 134 3.4.2 Fitur dan Peningkatan......................................................................... 136 3.4.3 Instalasi Windows XP ......................................................................... 137 3.4.4 Mengoperasikan Windows XP............................................................ 140

3.5 Windows Vista ...........................................................................................141 3.5.1 Edisi-edisi Windows Vista................................................................... 143 3.5.2 Kebutuhan perangkat keras ............................................................... 144 3.5.3 Instalasi Windows Vista ...................................................................... 145

3.6 Apple dan Macintosh..................................................................................147 3.6.1 Jenis-jenis Macintosh ......................................................................... 148


Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008) viii

3.6.2 Mac OS ............................................................................................... 148 3.6.3 Mac OS X ............................................................................................ 153

3.7 Beberapa pertimbangan dalam memilih sistem operasi. ........................... 155 3.8 Soal-soal Latihan ...................................................................................... 157

Bab 4 Jaringan Komputer.................................................................................. 159 4.1 Komunikasi ............................................................................................... 159 4.2 Sistem Komunikasi Data ........................................................................... 162

4.2.1 Komponen Komunikasi Data .............................................................. 162 4.2.2 Protokol ............................................................................................... 163 4.2.3 Metode Komunikasi Data.................................................................... 164 4.2.4 Handshaking ....................................................................................... 164 4.2.5 Kendali Aliran ...................................................................................... 165 4.2.6 Model Referensi Komunikasi Data ..................................................... 167

4.3 Pengalamatan........................................................................................... 175 4.3.1 Kelas Alamat IP................................................................................... 178 4.3.2 Kelas Alamat Khusus.......................................................................... 179 4.3.3 Alamat Private dan Public................................................................... 181 4.3.4 Range Network ................................................................................... 181 4.3.5 Menerapkan Pengalamatan................................................................ 185

4.4 Routing ..................................................................................................... 192 4.4.1 Berdasarkan Prosesnya...................................................................... 192 4.4.2 Berdasarkan Pengisian Tabel Routing ............................................... 194

4.5 Soal-Soal Latihan...................................................................................... 197

Bab 5 Instalasi Jaringan Komputer................................................................... 199 5.1 Klasifikasi Jaringan Komputer ................................................................... 199

5.1.1 LAN...................................................................................................... 199 5.1.2 MAN..................................................................................................... 202 5.1.3 Wide Area Network (WAN) ................................................................. 202

5.2 Topologi Jaringan Komputer ..................................................................... 205 5.2.1 Topologi Bus ....................................................................................... 206 5.2.2 Topologi Ring ...................................................................................... 207 5.2.3 Topologi Star....................................................................................... 208 5.2.4 Topologi Pengembangan.................................................................... 208

5.3 Media Transmisi Jaringan ......................................................................... 208 5.3.1 Media Guided (Wireline) ..................................................................... 211 5.3.2 Wireless............................................................................................... 230

5.4 Perangkat Jaringan Komputer................................................................... 238 5.4.1 Host, .................................................................................................... 239 5.4.2 NIC ...................................................................................................... 249 5.4.3 Bridge .................................................................................................. 245 5.4.4 Modem ................................................................................................ 247 5.4.5 Hub ...................................................................................................... 247 5.4.6 Switch .................................................................................................. 249 5.4.7 Router.................................................................................................. 250 5.4.8 Repeater.............................................................................................. 251



ix

5.5 Teknik menghubungkan Komputer dengan Jaringan .................................253 5.6 Persiapan, pemasangan dan Pemeriksaan Perangkat Jaringan ................254

5.6.1 Survei Lapangan.............................................................................. 254 5.6.2 Pembuatan Topologi Implementasi .................................................. 256 5.6.3 Identifikasi Perangkat....................................................................... 259

5.7 Pemeliharaan Jaringan Komputer ..............................................................263 5.8 Diagnosa masalah pada jaringan komputer ...............................................264 5.9 Soal-Soal Latihan....................................................................................... 268

Bab 6 Sistem Operasi Jaringan Berbasis GUI ................................................. 269 6.1 6.1 Windows NT ..............................................................................................269

6.1.1 Sejarah................................................................................................ 269 6.1.2 Edisi..................................................................................................... 270 6.1.3 Versi .................................................................................................... 270 6.1.4 Fitur ..................................................................................................... 270

6. 2 Windows 2003 ...........................................................................................272 6.2.1 Sejarah Pengembangan ..................................................................... 272 6.2.2 Edisi ................................................................................................... 272 6.2.3 Instalasi Windows Server 2003........................................................... 276 6.2.4 File Server........................................................................................... 280 6.2.5 Print Server ......................................................................................... 282 6.2.6 Web Server ......................................................................................... 286 6.2.7 FTP Server.......................................................................................... 298 6.2.8 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Server (DHCP Server) ........... 296 6.2.9 Domain Controller (DC) ...................................................................... 302

6.3 Menginstalasi Linux Ubuntu .......................................................................307 6.3.1 Setting Alamat IP ................................................................................ 312 6.3.2 Konfigurasi Sistem .............................................................................. 313 6.3.3 Login ke Sistem .................................................................................. 313 6.3.4 Paket Perangkat Lunak ...................................................................... 314

6. 4 Soal-soal Latihan .......................................................................................315

Bab 7 Sistem Operasi Jaringan Berbasis TUI ...................................................317 7.1 Pendahuluan..............................................................................................317 7.2 Jenis-jenis Sistem Operasi Jaringan Berbasis Teks...................................317

7.2.1 Linux.................................................................................................... 318 7.2.2 FreeBSD ............................................................................................. 318

7.3 Membuat Partisi dan File System...............................................................319 7.3.1 Menggunakan fdisk............................................................................. 319 7.3.2 Membuat Partisi .................................................................................. 321 7.3.3 Memformat partisi. .............................................................................. 323 7.3.4 Pengaturan Quota .............................................................................. 323 7.3.5 Memonitoring penggunaan harddisk .................................................. 325

7.4 Instalasi Sistem Operasi Berbasis Teks .....................................................326 7.4.1 Instalasi Linux ..................................................................................... 326 7.4.2 Instalasi FreeBSD ............................................................................... 332

7.5 Pengaturan Run Level ...............................................................................337


Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008) x

7.5.1 Proses Booting.................................................................................... 337 7.5.2 Mengatur Default Runlevel ................................................................. 338 7.5.3 Berpindah Runlevel............................................................................. 338 7.5.4 Servis yang Dijalankan Runlevel ........................................................ 336

7.6 Konfigurasi Jaringan ................................................................................. 339 7.6.1 ifup & ifdown........................................................................................ 339 7.6.2 ifconfig ................................................................................................. 340 7.6.3 Mengatur route.................................................................................... 341 7.6.4 Mengatur DNS Resolver ..................................................................... 342 7.6.5 Konfigurasi Wireless ........................................................................... 342

7.7 File dan direktori........................................................................................ 343 7.7.1 Everything is File................................................................................. 343 7.7.2 Kategori File ........................................................................................ 343 7.7.3 Penamaan File .................................................................................... 344

7.8 Sistem File Jaringan.................................................................................. 344 Network File System (NFS) ......................................................................... 344

7.9 Soal-soal Latihan ...................................................................................... 346

Bab 8 Administrasi Sistem dalam Mode Teks pada Sistem Operasi Jaringan347 8.1 Pendahuluan............................................................................................. 347 8.2 Bekerja dengan Command Line Interface ................................................. 347

8.2.1 Shell..................................................................................................... 347 8.2.2 Bash .................................................................................................... 348 8.2.3 Perintah, Argumen, dan Option .......................................................... 349 8.2.4 Nama file, wildcard, dan ekspansi path .............................................. 350 8.2.5 Kustomisasi Lingkungan Shell............................................................ 350 8.2.6 Variabel Shell ...................................................................................... 353

8.3 Penanganan File dan Direktori pada Shell ................................................ 354 8.3.1 Navigasi: ls, cd, dan pwd .................................................................... 354 8.3.2 Pagers: more, less, dan most ............................................................. 356 8.3.3 Keluaran Sederhana: cat dan echo .................................................... 356 8.3.4 Pembuatan: touch dan mkdir.............................................................. 357 8.3.5 Menyalin dan Memindahkan............................................................... 358 8.3.6 Penghapusan: rm dan rmdir ............................................................... 359

8.4 Pipeline dan Redirection ........................................................................... 359 8.4.2 Redirection .......................................................................................... 359 8.4.3 Pipeline................................................................................................ 360

8.5 Administrasi Sistem................................................................................... 361 8.5.1 Job Control .......................................................................................... 361 8.5.2 Membuat, Memonitor dan Mematikan Proses ................................... 361 8.5.3 Hard Links dan Symbolic Links........................................................... 365 8.5.4 Manajemen pengguna (user).............................................................. 366 8.5.5 Mengganti Kata Sandi......................................................................... 369 8.5.6 Manajemen Kepemilikan..................................................................... 370 8.5.7 Kontrol Akses terhadap File................................................................ 371 8.5.8 Otomasi dan Penjadwalan Pekerjaan ................................................ 372

8.6 Penggunaan dan Pengaturan Halaman Manual ........................................ 374



xi

8.6.1 Halaman manual................................................................................. 374 8.6.2 Whatis ................................................................................................. 374 8.6.3 Apropos............................................................................................... 374

8.7 Backup Data ..............................................................................................375 8.7.1 Alasan Melakukan Backup ................................................................. 375 8.7.2 Media Backup ..................................................................................... 375

8.8 Soal-soal latihan..........................................................................................375

Bab 9 Wide Area Networks................................................................................ 377 9.1 WAN (Wide Area Network).........................................................................377 9.2 Koneksi Wide Area Network.......................................................................380

9.2.1 Dedicated Point to Point. .................................................................... 381 9.2.2 Circuit Switching. ................................................................................ 381 9.2.3 Packet Switching................................................................................. 382

9.3 Protokol WAN ............................................................................................382 9.3.1 Protokol HDLC (High Level Datalink Control) .................................... 383 9.3.2 PP (Point to Point Protocol)................................................................ 383 9.3.3 Protokol X.25 dan LAPB (Link Access Procedure Balanced)............ 388 9.3.4 Frame Relay ....................................................................................... 390

9.4 Virtual LAN (VLAN) ....................................................................................394 9.5 Virtual Private Networks (VPN) ..................................................................396

9.5.1 Protokol Tunneling VPN ..................................................................... 397 9.5.2 Keamanan VPN .................................................................................. 397 9.5.3 Membangun VPN ............................................................................ 397

9.6 Membangun Koneksi. ................................................................................400 9.7 Diagnosa Permasalahan WAN...................................................................402 9.8 Perbaikan Jaringan ....................................................................................405 9.9 Soal-Soal Latihan.......................................................................................409

Bab 10 Pengelolaan Server Pada Jaringan Komputer ..................................... 411 10.1 Menetapkan Spesifikasi Server..................................................................411 10.2 Memilih Sistem Operasi untuk Server Jaringan..........................................412 10.3 Memilih Aplikasi untuk Server ....................................................................414 10.4 Membangun dan Mengkonfigurasi Server..................................................414 10.5 File Server .................................................................................................414 10.6 Printer Server.............................................................................................423 10.7 Proxy Server ..............................................................................................429 10.8 DNS Server................................................................................................433 10.9 DHCP Server .............................................................................................441 10.10 Web Server ..............................................................................................447 10.11 Administrasi Server pada Jaringan...........................................................452

10.11.1 Memonitor kinerja jaringan ............................................................. 452 10.11.2 Konfigurasi Quota ........................................................................... 452

10.12 Soal-Soal Latihan........................................................................................ 458

Bab 11 Sistem Keamanan Jaringan (Firewall) .................................................. 460 11.1 Jenis Firewall .............................................................................................461 11.2 Tipe Firewall ..............................................................................................463


Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008) xii

11.2.1 Packet Filtering Gateway .................................................................. 463 11.2.2 Application Layer Gateway ............................................................... 464

11.2.3 Circuit Level Gateway..................................................................... 465 11.2.4 Statefull Multilayer Inspection Firewall ............................................ 465 11.3 Pengendalian Jaringan.............................................................................. 466

11.3.1.Koneksi TCP ..................................................................................... 456 11.3.2 Chains (Mata Rantai) Iptables .......................................................... 470

11.4 Mendesain Sistem Keamanan Jaringan .................................................... 473 11.4.1 Membuat Inisialisasi ....................................................................... 474 11.4.2 Mengijinkan Lalu Lintas Paket ICMP ...............................................475 11.4.3 Mengijinkan Paket SSH Masuk Firewall ......................................... 476 11.4.4 Mengijinkan Akses HTTP Melintas Firewall ................................... 477 11.4.5 Mengijinkan Query Server DNS..................................................... 477 11.5 IP MASQUERADE..................................................................................... 478 11.6 Teknik Hubungan Langsung...................................................................... 480 11.7 DMZ (De-Militarized Zone). ....................................................................... 481 11.7.1 DMZ Pada Jaringan Terpisah......................................................... 481

11.7.2 DMZ Pada Satu Jaringan ................................................................. 483 11.7.3 Firewall Dengan Hardware Khusus .................................................. 485

11.8 Soal-Soal Latihan.......................................................................................... 485

Bab 12 Backup dan Restore Basisdata ........................................................... 486 12.1 Pendahuluan ............................................................................................. 486 12.2 MySQL Sebagai Database Server............................................................. 486 12.3 Format Tabel MySQL ................................................................................ 488

12.3.1 Format Tabel MyISAM ...................................................................... 488 12.3.2 Format Tabel InnoDB........................................................................ 489

12.4 Instalasi MySQL ........................................................................................ 490 12.4.1 Instalasi MySQL di Windows ............................................................ 490 12.4.2 Instalasi MySQL di Linux .................................................................. 493 12.4.3 Konfigurasi MySQL dengan Configuration Wizard........................... 495

12.5 Menjalankan MySQL ................................................................................. 504 12.6 Administrasi User MySQL.......................................................................... 505

12.6.1 Menambah Account Baru Pada MySQL .......................................... 506 12.6.2 Menghapus Account dari MySQL..................................................... 508 12.6.3 Mengubah Password Account pada MySQL ................................... 509 12.6.4 Mengubah Privilege pada MySQL.................................................... 509

12.7 Organisasi Database MySQL .................................................................... 510 12.8 Backup dan Restore Database.................................................................. 514

12.8.1 Data File MySQL............................................................................... 515 12.8.2 Membackup Database ...................................................................... 516 12.8.3 Menggunakan Batch File .................................................................. 530 12.8.4 Mengimpor Data................................................................................ 531 12.8.5 Replikasi MySQL............................................................................... 533

12.9 Soal-soal Latihan ...................................................................................... 538



xiii

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 1 - 1 Level pada sistem operasi......................................................... 45 Tabel 3 - 1 Perintah internal DOS................................................................ 117 Tabel 3 - 2 External Command ................................................................... 119 Tabel 3 - 3 Fungsi bagian-bagian window .................................................. 130 Tabel 3 - 4 Kebutuhan Perangkat keras Windows Vista ............................. 144 Tabel 7 - 1 Blok device berdasarkan media dan interface .......................... 319 Tabel 8 - 1 Daftar Wildcard ......................................................................... 350 Tabel 8 - 2 File kustomisasi lingkungan kerja bash .................................... 351 Tabel 8 - 3 Daftar Opsi ............................................................................... 353 Tabel 11 - 1 Tabel Port UDP ......................................................................... 470 Tabel 11 - 2 Tabel Filter Pada IPTABLES .................................................... 471 Tabel 11 - 2 NAT pada IPTABLES ............................................................... 472 Tabel 11 - 3 Tabel Mangle ........................................................................... 473


Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008) xiv

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 1 - 1 Abacus (sempoa) .......................................................................... 3 Gambar 1 - 2 Kalkulator roda numerik................................................................. 3 Gambar 1 - 3 Mesin Babbage ............................................................................. 4 Gambar 1 - 4 Penghitung dengan kartu perforasi................................................ 5 Gambar 1 - 5 Komputer Z3.................................................................................. 6 Gambar 1 - 6 Colossus ....................................................................................... 6 Gambar 1 - 7 Harvard Mark I............................................................................... 6 Gambar 1 - 8 Eniac ............................................................................................. 7 Gambar 1 - 9 Komputer EDVAC ......................................................................... 7 Gambar 1 - 10 Komponen tabung hampa ........................................................... 7 Gambar 1 - 11 Komputer generasi kedua............................................................ 8 Gambar 1 - 12 VLSI ............................................................................................ 9 Gambar 1 - 13 Chip ULSI.................................................................................. 10 Gambar 1 - 14 Komputer yang dapat digenggam.............................................. 10 Gambar 1 - 15 Salah satu jenis laptop/notebook............................................... 12 Gambar 1 - 16 Salah satu jenis netbook ........................................................... 12 Gambar 1 - 17 Diagram Blok Komputer............................................................. 13 Gambar 1 - 18 Satu unit komputer .................................................................... 14 Gambar 1 - 19 Salah satu jenis Keyboard ........................................................ 14 Gambar 1 - 20 Konektor keyboard .................................................................... 14 Gambar 1 - 21 Keyboard wireless ..................................................................... 14 Gambar 1 - 22 Beberapa jenis Mouse ............................................................... 15 Gambar 1 - 23 Trackball................................................................................... 15 Gambar 1 - 24 Flatbed Scanner ....................................................................... 15 Gambar 1 - 25 Handheld Scanner..................................................................... 15 Gambar 1 - 26 Digitizer ..................................................................................... 16 Gambar 1 - 27 Kamera Digital........................................................................... 16 Gambar 1 - 28 Microphone ............................................................................... 16 Gambar 1 - 29 Beberapa jenis Joystick yang sering digunakan ....................... 16 Gambar 1 - 30 Monitor CRT ............................................................................. 17 Gambar 1 - 31 LCD........................................................................................... 17 Gambar 1 - 32 Printer Dot Matrix 9 pin dan 24 pin ............................................ 18 Gambar 1 - 33 Contoh Printer Inkjet.................................................................. 19 Gambar 1 - 34 Beberapa Laserjet Printer.......................................................... 19 Gambar 1 - 35 Contoh Plotter .......................................................................... 19 Gambar 1 - 36 Speaker Surround ................................................................... 19 Gambar 1 - 37 LCD Projector............................................................................ 20 Gambar 1 - 38 Beberapa Contoh Prosesor ....................................................... 20 Gambar 1 - 39 Intel 8086 .................................................................................. 20 Gambar 1 - 40 Prosesor80286 .......................................................................... 21 Gambar 1 - 41 Prosesor i386 ............................................................................ 21 Gambar 1 - 42 Prosesor Intel 486 ..................................................................... 21 Gambar 1 - 43 Prosesor Keluaran Cyrix........................................................... 22 Gambar 1 - 44 Socket 8 .................................................................................... 23 Gambar 1 - 45 Prosesor generasi Keenam dari Intel........................................ 23 Gambar 1 - 46 Prosesor Generasi Ketujuh dari AMD........................................ 24



xv

Gambar 1 - 47 Intel Core 2 Duo .........................................................................25 Gambar 1 - 49 Alur data Memori ....................................................................... 28 Gambar 1 - 50 Memori Module......................................................................... 29 Gambar 1 - 51 VGA card dengan Slot AGP....................................................... 30 Gambar 1 - 52 Sound Card .............................................................................. 31 Gambar 1 - 53 NIC Jenis 10 MBps .................................................................... 31 Gambar 1 - 54 Card TV tuner ............................................................................ 31 Gambar 1 - 55 MPEG Card ............................................................................... 32 Gambar 1 - 56 Floppy disk drive 5,25 inch ........................................................ 32 Gambar 1 - 57 Floppy disk drive 3,5 inch .......................................................... 32 Gambar 1 - 58 Bentuk fisik Hard Disk............................................................... 32 Gambar 1 - 59 Compact disc............................................................................. 33 Gambar 1 - 60 Bentuk fisik CDROM driver ........................................................ 33 Gambar 1 - 61 Proses penulisan pada CD-RW ................................................. 33 Gambar 1 - 62 Media DVD ................................................................................ 36 Gambar 1 - 63 Lingkungan server ..................................................................... 37 Gambar 1 - 64 Text User Interface .................................................................... 38 Gambar 1 - 65 Struktur Pohon File .................................................................... 38 Gambar 1 - 66 Disk defragmenter bawaan Windows......................................... 42 Gambar 1 - 67 Hubungan antar komponen dalam sistem komputer.................. 42 Gambar 1 - 68 Lapisan pada sistem operasi ..................................................... 44 Gambar 1 - 69 Lapisan Sistem Operasi Secara Umum ..................................... 48 Gambar 1 - 70 Mengoperasikan beberapa aplikasi dalam waktu bersamaan ... 48 Gambar 1 - 71 Tampilan desktop Windows 98 .................................................. 49 Gambar 1 - 72 Macintosh OSX..........................................................................49 Gambar 2 - 1 Proses terjadinya ESD ............ ...... ...........................................53 Gambar 2 - 2 ESD Static Mats ..........................................................................53 Gambar 2 - 3 Antistatic spray ............................................................................53 Gambar 2 - 4 Wrist strap ...................................................................................54 Gambar 2 - 5 Cahaya laser pada printer laser...................................................55 Gambar 2 - 6 Komponen dasar printer laser......................................................55 Gambar 2 - 7 Perjalanan kertas pada printer laser ............................................55 Gambar 2 - 8 Menghindari elektrostatik dengan menghubungkan tubuh pada

casing........................................................ ...................................56 Gambar 2 - 9 Catu daya komputer........................ ...........................................56 Gambar 2 - 10 Bagian dalam sebuah monitor CRT...........................................57 Gambar 2 - 11 Mengosongkan tegangan statik monitor ....................................58 Gambar 2 - 12 Chipset.......................................... ...........................................58 Gambar 2 - 13 Layout Motherboard...................... ...........................................59 Gambar 2 - 14 ROM BIOS. ...............................................................................60 Gambar 2 - 15 Soket 370 dan Soket A, Serupa tapi tak sama............................61 Gambar 2 - 16 Toolset untuk merakit computer ...........................................62 Gambar 2 - 14 Tata letak umum sebuah casing PC..........................................63 Gambar 2 - 15 Bagian belakang casing jika dilihat dari dalam ..........................63 Gambar 2 - 16 Kabel panel depan........................ ...........................................63 Gambar 2 - 20 Panel depan Casing...................... ...........................................63 Gambar 2 - 21 Kabel yang disertakan dengan motherboard...............................63 Gambar 2 - 22 Peletakan Motherboard................. ...........................................64 Gambar 2 - 23 Pendingin yang disertai compound ...........................................64


Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008) xvi

Gambar 2 24 Slot memori......................................... .....................................64 Gambar 2 - 25 Posisi Pemasangan memori.......... .............................................71 Gambar 2 - 26 Pemasangan Casing..................... .............................................71 Gambar 2 - 27 Posisi Pemasangan Baut dan Sekrup.........................................71 Gambar 2 - 28 Pemasangan Motherboard pada casing .....................................72 Gambar 2 - 29 Pemasangan Baut......................... .............................................72 Gambar 2 - 30 Pemasangan kabel Power................... .......................................72 Gambar 2 - 31 Pemasangan VGA Card................. ............................................72 Gambar 2 - 32 Pemasangan baut VGA card........ .............................................73 Gambar 2 - 33 Pemasangan NIC.......................... .............................................73 Gambar 2 - 34 Pemasangan Harddisk .............................................73 Gambar 2 - 35 Pemasangan sekrup penahan harddisk......................................73 Gambar 2 - 36 Pemasangan CD-ROM.................. .............................................73 Gambar 2 - 37 Pemasangan baut CD-ROM......... .............................................73 Gambar 2 - 38 Pemasangan FDD......................... .............................................74 Gambar 2 - 39 Pemasangan baut FDD .............................................74 Gambar 2 - 40 Jumper pada HDD dan CD-ROM .............................................74 Gambar 2 - 41 Pemasangan kabel data dan power ...........................................74 Gambar 2 - 42 Pemasangan kabel data dan power FDD ...................................74 Gambar 2 - 43 Pemasangan kabel data .............................................74 Gambar 2 - 44 Pemasangan kabel power dan LED ...........................................75 Gambar 2 - 45 searah jarum jam, pemasangan keyboard, mouse, monitor, power

monitor dan kabel power................ .............................................75 Gambar 2 - 46 Tampilan jika perakitan berhasil .............................................76 Gambar 2 - 47 Menu awal AWARD BIOS............. .............................................76 Gambar 2 - 48 Menu BIOS features Setup........... .............................................76 Gambar 2 - 49 Menu utama FDISK....................................................................86 Gambar 2 - 50 Pemilihan menu fdisk..................................................................86 Gambar 2 51 Membuat partisi.................... ...... .............................................87 Gambar 2 - 52 Pilihan untuk membuat partisi ...... .............................................87 Gambar 2 - 53 Menghapus partisi......................... .............................................87 Gambar 2 - 54 Format drive C dengan dos........... .............................................88 Gambar 2 - 55 Peringatan akan terhapusnya data .............................................88 Gambar 2 - 56 Cairan Pembersih (Compound).... .............................................90 Gambar 2 - 57 Vacuum cleaner komputer............ .............................................90 Gambar 2 - 58 UPS.............................................................................................90 Gambar 2 - 59 Surge Suppressor.......................... .............................................90 Gambar 2 - 60 Peripheral PC................................ .............................................91 Gambar 2 - 61 Pembersih floppy driver............... .............................................92 Gambar 2 - 62 Head floppy yang sering kotor .............................................92 Gambar 2 - 63 CD cleaner...................................... ............................................93 Gambar 2 - 64 Harddisk............................................ ..........................................93 Gambar 2 - 65 Monitor LCD.................................. .............................................94 Gambar 2 - 66 Printer............................................ .............................................95 Gambar 2 - 67 Penggunaan CHKDSK.................. .............................................96 Gambar 2 - 68 Disk yang terfragmentasi .............. .............................................97 Gambar 2 - 69 Drive harus didefragment ............... ............................................97 Gambar 2 - 70 Port USB.....................................................................................112



xvii

Gambar 2 - 71 Setting jumper untuk overclock...................................................116

Gambar 3 - 1 DOS prompt ............................................................................... 119 Gambar 3 - 2 Struktur file DOS ........................................................................ 121 Gambar 3 - 3 Hasil perintah DIR ...................................................................... 122 Gambar 3 - 4 Proses booting DOS................................................................... 124 Gambar 3 - 5 Hirarki memori............................................................................ 125 Gambar 3 - 6 Desktop windows 98 .................................................................. 129 Gambar 3 - 7 Desktop Windows ME ................................................................ 129 Gambar 3 - 8 Partisi ......................................................................................... 129 Gambar 3 - 9 Ekstensi file menunjukkan asosiasi dengan aplikasi................... 130 Gambar 3 - 10 Halaman proses awal instalasi ................................................. 131 Gambar 3 - 11 Persiapan direktori ................................................................... 131 Gambar 3 - 12 Menentukan lokasi ................................................................... 132 Gambar 3 - 13 Add New Hardware Wizard ...................................................... 132 Gambar 3 - 14 Pemilihan lokasi driver.............................................................. 132 Gambar 3 - 15 kotak dialog display properties ................................................. 133 Gambar 3 - 16 Dialog untuk mengganti driver .................................................. 133 Gambar 3 - 17 Window dan keterangannya ..................................................... 134 Gambar 3 - 17 Pencari file ............................................................................... 135 Gambar 3 - 18 Setting waktu............................................................................ 136 Gambar 3 - 19 Mematikan program yang membeku ........................................ 137 Gambar 3 - 20 Kotak dialog add/remove program............................................ 137 Gambar 3 - 21 Windows XP Professional ........................................................ 138 Gambar 3 - 22 Sebelum ditekan shift ............................................................... 146 Gambar 3 - 23 Setelah ditekan shift ................................................................. 146 Gambar 3 - 24 Logo Windows Vista................................................................. 146 Gambar 3 - 25 Desktop Windows Vista dengan Tema Longhorn ..................... 146 Gambar 3 - 27 Tampilan Mac OS versi pertama .............................................. 154 Gambar 3 - 27 System 1 .................................................................................. 155 Gambar 3 - 28 Tampilan system 2 ................................................................... 155 Gambar 3 - 29 System 3 .................................................................................. 156 Gambar 3 - 30 System 4 .................................................................................. 156 Gambar 3 - 31 System 4.2 ............................................................................... 157 Gambar 3 - 32 System Software 6 ................................................................... 158 Gambar 3 - 33 System 7 .................................................................................. 158 Gambar 3 - 34 Mac Os 8.................................................................................. 159 Gambar 3 - 35 Desktop Mac Os 9.................................................................... 160 Gambar 3 - 36 Box Paket Mac OS X dan tampilan desktop ............................. 160 Gambar 3 - 37 Mac Os X 10.0 Cheetah ........................................................... 161 Gambar 3 - 38 Mac OS X 10.1 Puma 2001.................................................... 161 Gambar 3 - 39 Mac OS X 10.2 Jaguar 2002.................................................. 161 Gambar 3 - 40 Mac OS X 10.3 Panther 2004 ................................................ 162 Gambar 3 - 41 Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger 2005..................................................... 162 Gambar 3 - 42 Mac OS X 10.5 "Leopard" 2007................................................ 163 Gambar 4 - 1 Sistem Komunikasi Data ............................................................ 166 Gambar 4 - 2 Metode Komunikasi Data ........................................................... 169 Gambar 4 - 3 Pembentukan Koneksi................................................................ 169 Gambar 4 - 4 Flow Control ............................................................................... 170


Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008) xviii

Gambar 4 - 5 Sistem Windowing ......................................................................171 Gambar 4 - 6 Acknowledge.............................................................................171 Gambar 4 - 7 Susunan Layer Model Referensi OSI ........................................172 Gambar 4 - 8 Fungsi Layer-layer pada Model OSI ..........................................175 Gambar 4 - 9 Model Referensi TCP/IP............................................................175 Gambar 4 - 10 Aplikasi TCP/IP .......................................................................176 Gambar 4 - 11 Protokol Lapisan Transport......................................................176 Gambar 4 - 12 Protokol Lapisan Internet.........................................................176 Gambar 4 - 13 Protokol Lapisan Network Akses .............................................176 Gambar 4 - 14 Perbandingan antara model OSI dengan protokol TCP/IP.......177 Gambar 4 - 15 Hubungan Tiga Jenis Pengalamatan Komputer.......................178 Gambar 4 - 16 Pengalamatan pada Protokol TCP/IP ......................................180 Gambar 4 - 17 Pembagian Format Alamat IP..................................................181 Gambar 4 - 18 Halaman Control Panel ...........................................................182 Gambar 4 - 19 Halaman Network Connection .................................................183 Gambar 4 - 20 Local Area Connection Properties ...........................................184 Gambar 4 - 21 WIzard TCP/IP Properties .......................................................185 Gambar 4 - 22 Informasi konfigurasi network dari jendela support network.....186 Gambar 4 - 23 Tanggapan ipconfig /all ...........................................................187 Gambar 4 - 24 Tools Ping ...............................................................................188 Gambar 4 - 25 Routing Langsung ...................................................................189 Gambar 4 - 26 Routing Tak Langsung ............................................................190 Gambar 4 - 27 PC dengan dua NIC untuk fungsi Router.................................192 Gambar 4 - 28 Topologi untuk penambahan routing .......................................193

Gambar 4 - 29 Tabel Routing Sebuah Host......................................................200 Gambar 4 - 30 Contoh Topologi Static Routing ................................................200

Gambar 5 - 1 Local Area Network ................................................................... 199 Gambar 5 - 2 Simbol Perangkat LAN ........................................................... 200 Gambar 5 - 3 Hub .......................................................................................... 200 Gambar 5 - 4 Acces Point sebagai Bridge ................................................... 200 Gambar 5 - 5 Switch ...................................................................................... 200 Gambar 5 - 6 Jaringan Ethernet ................................................................... 200 Gambar 5 - 7 Token Ring .............................................................................. 201 Gambar 5 - 8 FDDI ......................................................................................... 202 Gambar 5 - 9 Wide Area Network , Interkoneksi LAN, MAN dan WAN ........... 202 Gambar 5 - 10 Perangkat WAN ...................................................................... 203 Gambar 5 - 11 Point to Point Protocol ............................................................ 203 Gambar 5 - 12 Frame Relay ........................................................................... 203 Gambar 5 - 13 Perbandingan Jaringan Komputer berdasarkan Jarak ............ 205 Gambar 5 14 Pola Hubung Host................................................................... 206 Gambar 5 15 Topologi BUS ........................................................................ 207 Gambar 5 16 Topologi Ring . ....................................................................... 207 Gambar 5 17 Topologi Star ......................................................................... 208 Gambar 5 18 Topologi Pengembangan ....................................................... 208 Gambar 5 19 Sinyal Periodik ....................................................................... 210 Gambar 5 - 20 Kabel Twisted Pair ................................................................. 212



xix

Gambar 5 21 Konektor RJ 11 ......................................................................213 Gambar 5 22 Konektor RJ 45 ......................................................................213 Gambar 5 23 Penampang UTP ..................................................................214 Gambar 5 24 Penampang STP ...................................................................215 Gambar 5 25 Penampang S/STP ................................................................215 Gambar 5 26 Penampang S/UTP FTP S/FTP .......................................215 Gambar 5 27 Susunan Warna kabel twisted pair .....................................216 Gambar 5 28 Crimp Tools .........................................................................216 Gambar 5 29 LAN Tester ...........................................................................217 Gambar 5 30 Tone Generator .....................................................................218 Gambar 5 - 31 Susunan Kabel EIA/TIA 568 A dan TIA 568 B ....................... 219 Gambar 5 - 32 Koneksi menggunakan Straight-throuh cable ....................219 Gambar 5 33 Susunan warna Straight Through ......................................219 Gambar 5 - 34 koneksi menggunakan Cross Over Cable ..............................219 Gambar 5 35 Cross Over Adapter ...............................................................220 Gambar 5 36 Aplikasi Roll Over untuk konfigurasi Perangkat ...............221 Gambar 5 37 Penyusunan kabel berdasarkan susunan warna ..............221 Gambar 5 38 Perapihan susunan kabel dengan pemotongan ujung kabel .....................................................................................222 Gambar 5 39 Pemasangan kabel tersusun ke dalam konektor ..............222 Gambar 5 40 Near-end Crosstalk ..............................................................223 Gambar 5 41 Far End Crosstalk (FEXT) ...................................................223 Gambar 5 42 Power Sum Near End Crosstalk (PSNEXT) ........................224 Gambar 5 - 43 Wiring Closet ........................................................................224 Gambar 5 - 44 Kabel Koaksial ......................................................................225 Gambar 5 - 45 Konektor BNC ........................................................................225 Gambar 5 - 46 Pilihan Jenis Fiber Optic ......................................................227 Gambar 5 - 47 Fungsi Fisik Fiber Optic .......................................................227 Gambar 5 - 48 Single Mode Fiber ................................................................227 Gambar 5 - 49 Multi Mode Fiber ...................................................................228 Gambar 5 - 50 Tipe Konektor Fiber Optic ...................................................229 Gambar 5 51 Spektruk Gelombang Elektro Magnetik ..................................229 Gambar 5 52 Komunikasi Radio ..................................................................230 Gambar 5 53 Implementasi Komunikasi Radio pada Jaringan Komputer ....231 Gambar 5 54 Line of Sight ..........................................................................231 Gambar 5 55 Fresnell Zone ........................................................................231 Gambar 5 56 ISM Band ..............................................................................232 Gambar 5 57 Perangkat Wireless LAN ........................................................233 Gambar 5 58 Contoh Uni Directional Antena................................................234 Gambar 5 59 Antenna Omni .......................................................................234 Gambar 5 60 Antena yang terbuat dari kaleng Susu....................................235 Gambar 5 61 Komunikasi Satelit .................................................................237 Gambar 5 62 Komunikasi Satelit dengan VSAT...........................................238 Gambar 5 63 Komponen LAN .....................................................................238 Gambar 5 64 Komponen WAN ...................................................................239 Gambar 5 65 Interface Serial ......................................................................239 Gambar 5 66 Slot Ekspansi ISA dan PCI ..................................................240 Gambar 5 67 PCI Ethernet Card ................................................................241 Gambar 5 68 PCI Wireless Card ................................................................241


Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008) xx

Gambar 5 69 Pemasangan pheriferal internal pada Motherboard ......... 242 Gambar 5 70 Penempatan PCMCIA pada komputer Personal ............... 243 Gambar 5 71 PCMCIA ................................................................................ 244 Gambar 5 72 Wireless USB ....................................................................... 244 Gambar 5 73 Simbol Brdge......................................................................... 245 Gambar 5 74 Bridge ................................................................................... 245 Gambar 5 75 Pengiriman data melalui bridge ............................................. 245 Gambar 5 76 Perangkat Segmentasi Network ............................................ 246 Gambar 5 77 Fungsi Fisik Bridge ............................................................... 246 Gambar 5 - 78 Simbol Hub ........................................................................... 247 Gambar 5 79 Hub ....................................................................................... 247

Gambar 5 80 Tabrakan Paket Data (Collisison) .......................................... 248 Gambar 5 81 Cara Kerja Hub ..................................................................... 248 Gambar 5 - 82 Pemasangan bridge, switch atau router untuk mengatasi

terjadinya (collision) ........................................................... 249 Gambar 5 83 Switch ................................................................................... 249 Gambar 5 84 Cara Kerja Switch ................................................................. 250 Gambar 5 85 Simbol Router ....................................................................... 250 Gambar 5 86 Fungsi Kerja Router ............................................................ 250 Gambar 5 87 Dedicated Router .................................................................. 251 Gambar 5 88 Proses Penguatan Sinyal oleh Repeater ............................... 252 Gambar 5 89 Repater/Signal Amplifier ....................................................... 252 Gambar 5 90 Peer to Peer ......................................................................... 253 Gambar 5 91 Client Server ......................................................................... 253 Gambar 5 92 Rol Meter .............................................................................. 254 Gambar 5 93 AVO Meter ............................................................................ 254 Gambar 5 94 GPS ...................................................................................... 254 Gambar 5 95 Spectrum Analyzer ............................................................... 254 Gambar 5 96 Teropong/Binoculer .............................................................. 255 Gambar 5 97 Format Survei Lapangan ...................................................... 256 Gambar 5 98 Tampilan Awal Visio .............................................................. 257 Gambar 5 99 Area Kerja Microsoft Visio ..................................................... 257 Gambar 5 100 Pilihan Simbol untuk Bekerja pada Microsoft Visio .............. 258 Gambar 5 101 Icon Open Stencil ............................................................... 258 Gambar 5 102 Pilihan Stencil ..................................................................... 258 Gambar 5 103 Connector Tool dan Line Tool ............................................. 258 Gambar 5 104 Icon Save ............................................................................ 259 Gambar 5 105 Penambahan Target pada Solarwinds ................................ 262 Gambar 5 106 Akses Monitoring Menggunakan Solarwinds ....................... 262 Gambar 5 107 Tampilan Peta dari Software Whats Up .............................. 263 Gambar 5 108 Skematik Koneksi UPS ....................................................... 264 Gambar 5 109 Diagram Alir Basic Trouble Shooting .................................. 264 Gambar 5 110 Interkoneksi Penangkal Imbasan Petir ................................ 266



xxi

Gambar 8 - 1 User berkomunikasi dengan kernel melalui shel..344 Gambar 9 - 1 PDU Pada OSI Model ....................................................................377 Gambar 9 - 2 Komponen WAN ..........................................................................378 Gambar 9 - 3 Teknologi WAN ............................................................................378 Gambar 9 - 4 Dedicated Point-to-Point link ........................................................ 379 Gambar 9 - 5 Circuit Switch ...............................................................................379 Gambar 9 - 6 Packet Switch...............................................................................380 Gambar 9 - 7 Fungsi Kerja PPP dari model Referensi ....................................... 381 Gambar 9 - 8 Handshake Password Authentication Protocol (PAP)...................383

Gambar 9 - 9 Handshake PPP dengan CHAP...................................................385 Gambar 9 - 10 Link X.25 ...................................................................................386 Gambar 9 - 11 Link Frame Relay ......................................................................389 Gambar 9 - 12 Implementasi VLAN...................................................................392 Gambar 9 - 13 Implementasi VPN.....................................................................384 Gambar 9 - 14 Topologi Sebelum Implementasi VPN .......................................395 Gambar 9 - 15 Topologi Sesudah Implementasi VPN .......................................395 Gambar 9 - 16 Tampilan Awal Konfigurasi Hyper Terminal ...............................397 Gambar 9 - 17 Tampilan Remote Terminal Melalui Hyper Terminal ..................398 Gambar 9 - 18 Software Putty untuk remote login .............................................398 Gambar 9 - 19 Winbox Loader untuk Remote Terminal.....................................399 Gambar 10 - 1 Pemilihan Paket Samba ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ......408 Gambar 10 - 2 Tampilan gadmin-samba ........................................................... 411 Gambar 10 - 3 Menambahkan User .................................................................. 412 Gambar 10 - 4 Menambahkan direktori yang akan dibagi pakai ........................ 412 Gambar 10 - 5 Akses PC Klien ke File Server ................................................... 414 Gambar 10 - 6 Daftar Folder yang Dapat dilihat ................................................ 414 Gambar 10 - 7 Konfigurasi CUPS melalui web .................................................. 415 Gambar 10 - 8 Setting Sharing Printer............................................................... 416 Gambar 10 - 10 Jendela Add Printer ................................................................. 417 Gambar 10 - 11 Penambahan Network Printer.................................................. 418 Gambar 10 - 12 Penentuan Alamat Printer Server ............................................ 418 Gambar 10 - 13 Daftar Printer Setelah Penambahan ........................................ 419 Gambar 10 - 14 Jendela Pencetakan ................................................................ 419 Gambar 10 - 15 Menu Internet Options-Connections ........................................ 422 Gambar 10 - 16 Penentuan Alamat Proxy Server.............................................. 423 Gambar 10 - 17 Proxy Setting ........................................................................... 423 Gambar 10 - 18 Struktur Hirarki DNS ................................................................ 424 Gambar 10 - 19 Jendela gadmin-bind untuk mengatur DNS server .................. 427 Gambar 10 - 20 Pemilihan Paket DHCP Server ................................................ 435 Gambar 10 - 21 Tampilan gadmin-dhcpd .......................................................... 435 Gambar 10 - 22 Konfigurasi interface untuk dhcp-server .................................. 436 Gambar 10 - 23 Menambahkan range IP address yang akan dipinjamkan........ 436 Gambar 10 - 24 Pemberian alamat berdasarkan MAC address ........................ 437 Gambar 10 - 25 Jendela Konfigurasi klien pada Microsoft Windows ................. 438 Gambar 10 - 26 Tampilan Browse Domain Local .............................................. 442 Gambar 11 - 1 Ilustrasi Penerapan Firewall ...................................................... 452 Gambar 11 - 2 Arsitektur Firewall Pada Jaringan Komputer.............................. 453 Gambar 11 - 3 Lapisan untuk Proses Packet Filtering Gateway........................ 454 Gambar 11 - 4 Web server dengan Firewall ...................................................... 454


Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008) xxii

Gambar 11 - 5 Statefull Multilayer Inspection Firewall dilihat pada Model TCP/IP456 Gambar 11 - 6 Koneksi TCP Pada Firewall ....................................................... 457 Gambar 11 - 7 Sebuah Koneksi ICMP............................................................... 458 Gambar 11 - 8 Sebuah Koneksi UDP................................................................ 459 Gambar 11 - 9 Proses Pada Paket yang Melewati Firewall ............................... 460 Gambar 11 - 10 SNAT dan DNAT....................................................................462 Gambar 11 - 11 Skema Firewall dalam Jaringan..............................................463 Gambar 11 - 12 Jaringan untuk Penerapan IP MASQUERADE........................ 468 Gambar 11 - 13 Jaringan Hubungan Langsung ................................................ 470 Gambar 11 - 14 Jaringan DMZ Terpisah ............................................................471 Gambar 11 - 15 Jaringan DMZ dalam Satu Jaringan..........................................473 Gambar 12 - 1 Halaman pertama Setup Wizard MySQL ....................................479 Gambar 12 - 2 Jendela dialog Setup Type .........................................................480 Gambar 12 - 3 Memulai proses instalasi ............................................................480 Gambar 12 - 4 Proses Instalasi MySql ...............................................................481 Gambar 12 - 5 Kotak dialog MySql Sign Up .......................................................481 Gambar 12 - 6 Proses instalasi selesai ..............................................................482 Gambar 12 - 7 Halaman pertama wizard............................................................484 Gambar 12 - 8 Jendela dialog untuk memilih tipe konfigurasi.............................485 Gambar 12 - 9 Jendela dialog untuk memilih tipe server ....................................485 Gambar 12 - 10 Jendela dialog untuk memilih jenis penggunaan database .......486 Gambar 12 - 11 Jendela dialog untuk memilih lokasi dari innoDB ......................487 Gambar 12 - 12 Jendela dialog untuk memilih jumlah koneksi yang dapat

dilakukan secara bersamaan ...................................................488 Gambar 12 - 13 Jendela dialog untuk memilih networking .................................488 Gambar 12 - 14 Jendela dialog untuk memilih tipe karakter ...............................489 Gambar 12 - 15 Jendela untuk menentukan MySQL sebagai servis di Windows490 Gambar 12 - 16 Pilihan keamanan.....................................................................491 Gambar 12 - 17 Jendela dialog untuk menjalankan konfigurasi..........................491 Gambar 12 - 18 Command prompt.....................................................................492 Gambar 12 - 19 Koneksi ke MySQL server dengan user root.............................493 Gambar 12 - 20 Data file tabel MyISAM .............................................................503 Gambar 12 - 21 Data file tabel innoDB...............................................................503 Gambar 12 - 22 Penguncian tabel personil ........................................................504 Gambar 12 - 23 Melakukan FLUSH tabel...........................................................504 Gambar 12 - 24 Proses backup tabel personil....................................................505 Gambar 12 - 25 File hasil backup tabel personil.................................................505 Gambar 12 - 26 Perintah backup tabel...............................................................505 Gambar 12 - 27 merestrore tabel personil ..........................................................506 Gambar 12 - 28 Perintah mysqldump untuk membackup database....................506 Gambar 12 - 29 Proses backup database ..........................................................506 Gambar 12 - 30 Menu backup............................................................................507 Gambar 12 - 31 Menyimpan backup ..................................................................508 Gambar 12 - 32 Proses backup..........................................................................508 Gambar 12 - 33 Proses backup selesai..............................................................508 Gambar 12 - 34 Restore database dengan MySQL administrator ......................509 Gambar 12 - 35 Memilih file backup...................................................................510 Gambar 12 - 36 Proses restore database...........................................................510



xxiii


Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008) xxiv

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN



xxv

GLOSSARY

Wide Area Network

merupakan jaringan komputer yang mencakup area yang besar sebagai contoh yaitu jaringan komputer antar wilayah, kota atau bahkan negara, atau dapat didefinisikan juga sebagai jaringan komputer yang membutuhkan router dan saluran komunikasi publik WAN digunakan untuk menghubungkan jaringan lokal yang satu dengan jaringan lokal yang lain, sehingga pengguna atau komputer di lokasi yang satu dapat berkomunikasi dengan pengguna dan komputer di lokasi yang lain

Local Area Network

LAN adalah jaringan komputer yang jaringannya hanya mencakup wilayah kecil; seperti jaringan komputer kampus, gedung, kantor, dalam rumah, sekolah atau yang lebih kecil

Switch digunakan sebagai penghubung komputer atau router pada satu area yang terbatas, switch juga bekerja pada lapisan data link, cara kerja switch hampir sama seperti bridge, tetapi switch memiliki sejumlah port sehingga sering dinamakan multi-port bridge.

Software Perangkat lunak atau piranti lunak adalah program komputer yang berfungsi sebagai sarana interaksi antara pengguna dan perangkat keras.

Troubleshooting pencarian sumber masalah secara sistematis sehingga masalah tersebut dapat diselesaikan.

Periferal perangkat keras yang dihubungkan ke komputer untuk meningkatkan kegunaannya.

BIOS, singkatan dari Basic Input Output System, dalam sistem komputer IBM PC atau kompatibelnya (komputer yang berbasis keluarga prosesor Intel x86) merujuk kepada kumpulan rutin perangkat lunak yang mampu melakukan hal-hal berikut: Inisialisasi (penyalaan) serta pengujian terhadap perangkat keras (dalam proses yang disebut dengan Power On Self Test, POST) Memuat dan menjalankan sistem operasi Mengatur beberapa konfigurasi dasar dalam komputer (tanggal, waktu, konfigurasi media penyimpanan, konfigurasi proses booting, kinerja, serta kestabilan komputer)

Sistem Operasi perangkat lunak sistem yang bertugas untuk melakukan kontrol dan manajemen perangkat keras serta operasi-operasi dasar sistem, termasuk menjalankan software aplikasi seperti program-program pengolah kata

Documents

sampul+ kata pengantar buku TKj terbaru 1