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Sample Asbestos Management Plan Page 1 of 68

SAMPLE ASBESTOS MANAGEMENT PLAN

This document relates to general procedures for work with asbestos insulation or asbestos coating or asbestos insulating

board and should be read in conjunction with site-specific method statements.


Contents Ref. Description Page No. Asbestos Policy Statement 3 1 Hygiene Facilities & Decontamination 4 Decontamination / Transit Procedures 5-10 3 Pre-cleaning 11 4 Enclosures 11-19 4.1 Exclusion Zones 20 5 Plant & Equipment 21 6 Respiratory Protective Equipment & Maintenance 21-22 7 Personal Protective Equipment 23 8 Air Monitoring 23 9 Waste Removal Methods & Disposal Arrangements 24-26 10 Control Measures 26 11 Visual Examination & Hand Over Procedures 26 12 Emergency Procedures 27 - 31 13 Site Records 32 14 Equipment Schedule 33 15 Dust Suppression 34 16 Procedure for Changing Plan of Work 34 17 Working at Height 35-39 18 Removal techniques for works requiring a licence 40-58 18.1 Boards & Tiles 42 - 43 18.2 Controlled Wet Stripping 43 18.3 Controlled Wet Stripping using Injection Methods 43-46 18.4 Controlled Wetting by Spraying 46-48 18.5 Problems Associated with Wet Stripping Techniques 48 - 49 18.6 Dry Stripping with Control at Source 49 18.7 Wrap & Cut Technique 49-51 18.8 18.9

Work in Floor Voids Wet Blasting (Quill-Falcon Equipment)

51 - 52 52-56

18.10 Environmental Cleaning 57 19 Encapsulation Techniques 58-60 19.1 Encapsulation of Insulation to Pipes 58 19.2 Encapsulation of Sprayed Asbestos Coatings 59 19.3 Encapsulation of Boarding & Sheet Material 59-60 20 Asbestos Stripping Techniques & Situations to be Avoided Where

Possible 60-62

20.1 Uncontrolled Dry Stripping 60 20.2 Work in Hot Environments 60 - 62 21 Removal techniques for works not normally requiring a licence 62-69 21.1 Cone Drilling 62 21.2 Removal of Floor Tiles Containing Asbestos 62-63 21.3 Removal of Gaskets Containing Asbestos 64 21.4 Removal of Asbestos Cement Soffits 64-65 21.5 Removal of Asbestos Cement Debris 65 -66 21.6 Removal of Asbestos Cement Roof Sheets 66-67 21.7 Textured Decorative Finishes on Plasterboard 68 21.8 Textured Decorative Finishes on Concrete 69 Appendix 1 Typical Exposures During Work With Asbestos Lagging, Coating &

Asbestos Insulation Board 70


Asbestos Policy Statement ……………………..is committed to achieving the highest standards of Health & Safety and providing a safe environment not only for our employees but those who may be affected by our works including clients and members of the general public. In addition to recognising our responsibilities under the Health & Safety at Work Act 1974 we recognise our responsibilities under more specific legislation pertaining to our area of operation these being the Control of Asbestos Regulations 2006, and all associated Approved Codes of Practice and Guidance Notes including the Licensed Contractors Guide HSG247. We also recognise our responsibility to provide not only a safe and healthy working environment but also provide safe plant, equipment and safe systems of work to prevent the spread of asbestos fibres. The Main Board of Directors fully understands the importance of Health & Safety as an objective and continually reviews operations to ensure statutory compliance and industry best practice. In addition to this ………………….fully supports the concept of consultation with its staff on matters concerning Health & Safety and has established a Health & Safety Committee to provide a forum for such consultation. This policy will be reviewed annually or following significant changes to legislation, technological advancement or recognised industry best practice. Signed: Date: (Add Title)


1. Hygiene Facilities & Decontamination Hygiene facilities will be provided where necessary either as self-contained mobile units or modular units. All units will be constructed such that they comply with HSG 247 (formally EH47). The facility will be kept clean and maintained to a high standard at all times. The units will not be used as a means of storage for site materials. Where possible the hygiene unit will be adjoined directly onto the enclosure, where this is not possible, the unit will be positioned in a location agreed at the outset of the contract in a suitable area and transit routes will be adopted. The location of the unit and the transit route will be detailed on each site-specific plan of work. Prior to leaving each site and on a regular basis for ongoing contracts where the unit will be in the same location for longer periods, the hygiene facility will be subject to air clearance testing. Copies of the air test certificates will be left within the hygiene unit.


Decontamination Procedures & Guidance







3 Pre Cleaning Procedures Prior to the commencement of the construction of enclosures, all horizontal surfaces will be cleaned to remove visible dust and debris, this will be carried out by personnel wearing as a minimum orinasal RPE (mask to EN147, FFP3 filter) & disposable overalls, white, Type 5 (BS EN ISO 13982-1) Category 3. Where there is evidence of asbestos debris or damage to the asbestos product to be removed, the works shall be done either within the confines of an enclosure or designated respirator zone All surfaces to which the enclosure is fixed will be cleaned to ensure maximum adhesion of the adhesive tape.

4 Enclosures

Work methods will always be selected to comply with the requirements of the Control of Asbestos Regulations 2006 & HSG 247 to prevent the spread and uncontrolled release of asbestos. An enclosure will be formed, either by the use of the structure of the building, a wooden framework structure or in some cases fixed scaffolding. The enclosure will be constructed using 1000 gauge (250 microns) polythene sheeting supported as necessary by framework. The polythene will be secured by spray adhesive and adhesive tape, which will be a polycloth tape of 75 mm or a foil tape of 75 mm width. The supporting framework will be constructed from a minimum of 50mmx50mm timber or by other structures, which may be present e.g. fixed scaffolding.


If scaffolding boards are present in the work area, these will be covered in polythene to prevent potential contamination and where necessary additional protection methods such as corex shall be added to prevent damage to the integrity of the enclosure and a layer of hardboard or corex type sheeting laid to act as a work surface. The enclosure will contain at least one 600mm x 300mm clear Perspex vision panels situated in the wall of the enclosure so that the operations inside the enclosure may be monitored from the outside without the requirement for the Supervisor to enter the enclosure unnecessarily. The location of this and any additional vision panel(s) shall be identified on the site-specific plan of work. There shall also be one 600mm x 300mm clear Perspex vision panels situated in the dirty end of both the air lock and the bag locks. The location of each vision panel(s) shall be identified on the site-specific plan of work. The use of vision panels should be augmented by the use of CCTV systems which allow the visual inspection of areas which may have single entry/exit points or are complicated in terms of shape etc. Irregular holes around pipes, ducts and conduits will be sealed with expanding foam trimmed to size after setting; the foam shall be removed as part of the ‘de-tenting’ procedure unless direction by either the client or analyst is given. In the case of penetrations forming part of the fire strategy of the building, a suitable ‘fire stop’ material shall be used. Warning signs complying with the current Safety Signs Regulations will be fixed to the enclosure at appropriate points to prevent unauthorised access and indicating the nature of the hazard. The air lock (and bag lock – space permitting) system will consist of three chambers constructed of 250-micron polythene sheet sealed onto a timber/metal framework by multi-purpose aerosol adhesive, 12 mm galvanized T50 staples and 75 mm polycloth adhesive tape. The size of the chambers will be a 1000 mm x 1000 mm on plan where space allows and a minimum of 2000mm in height. The use of smaller airlocks may be permitted where 1000mm x 1000mm cannot be utilised i.e. domestic property. The chambers will inter-connect via a cut, oval opening in the polythene sheet over which is hung a flap of polythene extending a minimum of 100 mm beyond the opening. The flap(s) will be positioned on the enclosure side of the air lock chamber and will be suitably weighted at the bottom of each flap, including the outer flap. Wherever possible, the airlock should be constructed directly onto the hygiene facility:-


Exhaust ventilation will be applied to the enclosure to create an internal pressure lower than atmospheric and a current of air, which will assist in the capture, and reduction of airborne fibres. The exhaust ventilation equipment will be located where possible at the opposite end of the enclosure to the air lock system to assist in the movement of air through the enclosure and to prevent ‘dead spots’ and be rated to carry out a minimum of 8 complete air changes per hour. The exhaust ventilation system will be operative from the commencement of works until the air test. The exhaust will terminate to atmosphere where possible. Where the NPU cannot be sited on the ‘enclosure wall’ (never inside the area), a ‘roving head’ may be utilised. This is a flexible duct connected to the externally positioned NPU giving flexibility within the enclosure and also assisting in the management of ‘dead spots’ In order to effectively calculate the amount and size of negative pressure unit required, the following mathematical equation should be used:

Length x width x height (of enclosure in meters) + volume of airlock & baglock (12m³) x 8

= Total amount of air required to be moved in 1 hour in m³ whilst achieving the minimum

number of air changes however we as a minimum look to achieve 10 air changes per hour

I.e. 5 m x 5m x 3m = 75m³ + 12m³ (airlock & baglock) = 87m³ x 10 (minimum number of air changes)

= 870m³

Entry to

enclosure

Exit from

enclosure

Flaps positioned on inside of airlock and weighted at the bottom with chain or other

suitable material.

Typical 3-Stage Airlock

Vision Panel 600mm x 600mm (minimum)

Minimum size of 1m x 1m x 2m (if smaller airlocks are required they must be detailed on method statement including reason why)


Therefore a SI2300 NPU rated at 2300m³ per hour would be suitable (see table below) After ascertaining the amount of negative pressure required to achieve a minimum of 8 air changes per hour, use the table detailed below to select the correct air extraction equipment Before work commences, the enclosure will be thoroughly inspected to identify holes etc, which will then be filled. The inspection shall then be repeated with the air extraction equipment in operation to test the strength of the enclosure and detect breaches. The integrity of the enclosure will be checked by filling the enclosure with smoke produced by a smoke generator whilst the extraction equipment is switched off. If smoke is observed to leak from the enclosure, it will be repaired and subjected to a further test. To clear the smoke, the NPU is switched on and the time taken to clear the enclosure will demonstrate the effectiveness of the NPU and highlight any ‘dead spots’ within the enclosure Only then will asbestos removal commence. An enclosure which is to be kept in place for more than one shift will be examined visually at the start and finish of each shift and when it is thought to have been subjected to damage. Records of the examination will be kept on site.

SI 800 SI 2300 SI 5000 Power Consumption 420watts 1000watts 1000watt x 2 110v Running 3amps 14amps 14amps each Transformer Required 2kva 3 kva 3kva x 2 Continuous Rating Weight 18.5kg 30kg 74kg Overall Dimensions H 450 x W 450 x D 375 H 560 x W 490 x D 850 H 810 x W 700 x D 960 (Including spigot & casters) Airflow Maximum with 820 cu metre hr 2300 cu metre hr 5200 cu metre hr Clean filters 480cfm 1350cfm 3000 cfm Pre filter / duct size 12” x 12” x 2”/ 6” dia 15” x 15” x 4” / 12”dia 24” x 24” x 4” / 16”dia Change HEPA if filter face airflow falls below:- 1.8m/sec 3.6m/sec 3.2m/sec


Examples of Typical Enclosure Layouts Schematic diagram of the main elements of an enclosure

Typical design of tree-stage baglock for removal of waste from an enclosure


Airlock/baglock arrangement where the enclosure is directly attached to the DCU and there is limited space

Airlock/baglock arrangement where transiting is involved and there is limited space


Airlock/baglock arrangement where transiting is involved and there is sufficient space

Ideal NPU Position

Air Movement -


Examples of good airflow management

Air Movement -

Air Movement -


Example of POOR airflow management

Negative Pressure Unit (NPU) typical construction features

Air Movement -


4.1 Exclusion Zones Works being carried out without enclosures will be carried out within ‘exclusion zones’. Each exclusion zone will be established by forming two zones by use of physical barriers positioned around the work area at least 2 metres away from the work activity, however where possible a greater distance should be applied, the first ‘stage’ of the exclusion zone shall be an exclusion zone where operatives change either into or from red overalls and carryout the clear bagging of asbestos waste. The second ‘stage’ of the zone shall be a respirator zone where asbestos removal/encapsulation works are undertaken by operatives wearing red type5 cat 3 overalls and suitable RPE. For example

Asbestos Removal Zone

Respirator Zone – Red Overalls Required

Waste Bagging/

Changing Zone

White Overalls

No RPE

This Zone should

also contain a

bucket and

sponge for

decontamination

These barriers will normally be in the form of red and white striped barrier tape around the perimeter of the work area supported by either existing structures or by temporary posts. All access points to the work area will be shut or obstructed by sealing over completely with polythene sheeting and/or by using barrier tape e.g. doorways, windows etc. Warning signs will also be attached to the barrier tape warning of the dangers of entering the exclusion zone. The second ‘stage’ of the exclusion zone will be designated as a ‘respirator zone’ and as such all operations within must be carried out whilst wearing suitable RPE and PPE. Air monitoring will be carried out within the exclusion zones to ensure that the operations being carried out do not give rise to elevated airborne asbestos fibre release to such a degree that an enclosure would be required.


5 Plant and Equipment All vacuum plant will be Class ‘H’ (BS EN 60335) and will be similarly tested and certified in accordance with PAS 60. All extraction plant will be in possession of a current test certificate and will be suitably marked with the details of the test and expiry dates and similarly tested in accordance with the PAS 60 standard. Pre filters will be changed daily or when visibly overloaded; pre filters and vacuum bags will only be changed within the enclosure then returned to the appropriate stores for cleaning within the ‘wet room’; all extraction and vacuum plant will be suitably sealed during transport and storage. All plant will be visually examined daily and records kept on site. NOTE All extraction equipment supplied as new from December 2004 shall conform to PAS 60-2:2004

(negative pressure units) & PAS 60-3:2004 (Class ‘H’ vacuum cleaners); please check the plate attached to the extraction unit to confirm effective extraction capabilities

6 Respiratory Protection and Maintenance The selected RPE will be suitable for the assessed risk presented by the airborne asbestos fibre concentration. The following types will be employed on site, both of which will be inspected and maintained as the manufacturer’s schedule; in the case of full-face powered RPE this shall be 2 x per year. Full records of repairs and maintenance will be kept at the company's offices; daily examination records will be kept on site. Full Face Powered Respirators Manufactured to EN 147, fitted with a P3 type filter. The assigned protection factor afforded by this type of respirator is 40 and in order to maintain the fibre concentration in the face piece below the control limit of 0.1 f/cm

3 the maximum fibre concentration within the work area will be maintained below 4f/cm

3by selecting the appropriate removal techniques. This equipment shall be used when removing asbestos within live enclosures without exception


Half Mask Respirator Manufactured to EN 149, fitted with a FFP3 type filter. This type of respirator is afforded an assigned protection factor of 20 and should only be used where control limits are unlikely to be exceeded. For instance, when handling wrapped asbestos waste, pre cleaning/constructing enclosures in dusty areas, handling asbestos cement sheeting or encapsulation of asbestos in good condition and when in well ventilated areas and removal of small quantities of asbestos using the ‘shadow – vacuum’ technique. Maintenance of Respiratory Equipment

Each operative will examine their RPE before each use and will record findings. Should maintenance be required, the respiratory equipment will be returned to the .......... maintenance facility for repair by trained and competent personnel. Each operative will be responsible for the cleanliness of RPE and the reporting of any faults / defects. Trained competent personnel on a monthly basis will examine the respiratory equipment and record the inspection on the standard form, this form will then be submitted to the Health and Safety department for review and storage. Full-face powered assisted RPE is also subject to a six monthly test and inspection by a trained and competent person. This inspection is a legal requirement; any equipment not accompanied with a valid certificate shall not be used.

Please note that all personnel shall be face-fit tested on an annual basis

YOUR RPE IS ONLY EFFECTIVE WHEN CLEAN SHAVEN!


7 Personal Protective Equipment All protective clothing used during the removal of asbestos will be resistant to penetration by asbestos fibres, to have a hood and fit closely at the ankles and wrists. The following colour coding scheme will apply to overalls:

General site overalls White with a hood and no pockets

Asbestos removal overalls Red with a hood and no pockets

Transit overalls Blue with a hood and no pockets

Whilst removing asbestos all operatives will wear disposable underclothing, and wellington or similar non-lace up boots. The overalls will be worn with the ankles outside the boots. Respirator straps will always be worn under the overall hood. Whilst in transit all operatives will wear clean blue overalls, clean footwear and/or disposable overboots (see section 1 for decontamination flow charts) In addition to PPE used in connection with asbestos removal works, all personnel shall wear safety boots, hi-visibility vest/coat and hard hat whilst carrying out site set up works and other non-asbestos related works.

8 Air Monitoring For works carried out within enclosures a four-stage site clearance certificate for reoccupation will be carried out by a U.K.A.S. accredited laboratory, as required by the Control of Asbestos Regulations 2006. Background air monitoring and leak testing will be carried out whilst works are being carried out when it is assessed as necessary or requested by client. For works where enclosures are not required, re-assurance and/or personal air monitoring will be carried out, whenever possible this should be carried out on every project with the results retained and forwarded to the Health & Safety Department. Works to external cement or bound products, such as cement roof sheeting, linoleum floor covering etc., may not require any air testing. Details of personal monitoring will be recorded for future reference.


9 Waste Removal Methods and Disposal Arrangements CLEANING (COLLECTING RESIDUES AND WASTE) In order to maintain the benefits of controlled stripping techniques, it is important to place waste directly into suitable containers and to prevent it from drying out. Similarly, any significant leakage of liquid on to the floor should be cleared up to minimise the risk of slurry formation and slips. However, of the material is still dry on removal, further wetting may be needed before bagging. This type of wetting should be carried out by the use of light sprays.

After completion of the asbestos stripping, the enclosure should be thoroughly cleaned using a low dust technique such as vacuuming with a vacuum cleaner to Type H (BS 5415). You should only choose work practices which prevent the buildup of waste in the working area. Examples include:

for debris clearance, vacuuming (using a Class H BS EN 60335 vacuum cleaner) or using a wet/damp method;

Removal of asbestos residue should be carried out using hand tools, such as scrapers etc. whilst shadowing the movement with a Class H (BS EN 60335) vacuum cleaner

The use of equipment such as ‘wheelie bins’ to transport double bagged waste from the enclosure / work area to the waste skip or transport

individually wrapping larger pieces of waste in 1000 gauge polythene sheeting and attaching either asbestos warning tape or the label from an asbestos waste sack to the outside of the parcel.

Taking into consideration and effectively dealing with any predominately wet waste, as it may add to handling problems. Waste in containers should not be thrown or dropped.

Whatever type of asbestos waste is generated or waste container used, it is important to emphasise that:

the container should be made of a materials which; - in normal handling, is strong enough to contain the waste; - takes account, if necessary, of any waste material that is sharp enough to

cause a puncture;


the waste should be double-wrapped to prevent the escape of asbestos fibres;

the container used i.e. ‘Wheelie Bin’ should be capable of being readily decontaminated before leaving the work area;

the container should be properly labeled

The container should be kept secure on site until sent for disposal, for example in a locked skip.

The labeling of raw asbestos, asbestos waste and products containing asbestos should be in accordance with regulations 18(2) and (3) and Schedule 2 of CAW 2006, and with the Carriage of Dangerous Goods (Classification, Packaging and Labeling) and Use of Transportable Pressure Receptacles Regulations 1996. Once the waste is properly contained, it should be sent for disposal following the procedures required by the Hazardous Waste Regulations 2005. The Environment Agency or the Scottish Environment Protection Agency can give you advice on Special Waste Regulations. Further information on the transport of waste, consignment and disposal operations can be found in:

The carriage of dangerous goods explained. Part 1: guidance for consigners of dangerous goods by road and rail (classification, packaging and provision of information) HSG160;

The carriage of dangerous goods explained. Part 2: guidance for road vehicles operators and others involved in the carriage of dangerous goods by road HSG161.

......................... is a licensed carrier and will transport small amounts of waste in the rear compartment of vehicle, which is sealed from the cab. For larger amounts of waste requiring disposal, skips will be used. The site-specific method statement will detail the waste carrier and disposal site for each contract. Procedure for transferring waste at the ......................... Waste Transfer Station

Park waste carrying vehicle outside the transfer station, secure the vehicle and report to the Waste Managers Office to complete the required documentation (i.e. Consignment Note)

With the aid of a vehicle marshal, reverse the vehicle in to the unit and park as directed

Change in to white disposable Type 5 (BS EN ISO 13982-1 Cat 3 overalls, ori-nasal RPE (EN 147, FFP3 filter), hi visibility vest and gloves


At this point the waste skip will be unlocked by the waste station attendant

Carefully transfer the waste from the carrying vehicle in to the skip (This process may be monitored through the use of CCTV cameras to ensure compliance)

After waste transfer, remove overalls and dispose of as contaminated waste, all RPE will then be wiped, removed, the filter covered and placed in to the operatives PPE holdall, at this point the skip will be secured by the waste station attendant and the keys returned to the Waste Manager

Under the guidance of the waste station attendant, move the vehicle out of the waste transfer station

10 Control Measures A selection of the following control measures will be adopted dependant on the type of work being carried out.

Local exhaust ventilation

Carrying out the works within enclosures under negative pressure

The wearing of Respiratory equipment

Erection of containment zones

Work To Be Carried Out Using Shadow Vacuum Technique At Point Of Disturbance

11 Visual Examination and Hand over Procedures SITE CLEARANCE Once the enclosure has been cleaned and dried, a thorough visual inspection of all surfaces (including those from which asbestos has been removed and all other which may be contaminated) shall be made by the Supervisor. Once the Supervisor carrying out the visual inspection is satisfied that the area is clean and dry, arrangements should then be made to carry out clearance air sampling. Guidance on sampling times and interpretation of results is given in the HSE guidance HSG 248; The Analysts’ Guide. Only laboratories that can demonstrate they conform to ISO 17025 and are accredited by UKAS (the United Kingdom Accreditation Service) may undertake air monitoring. For site clearance involving visual inspection and air monitoring, then only laboratories that can demonstrate they conform to ISO 17025 and ISO 17020 and are accredited by UKAS should be employed.


12 Emergency Procedures: FIRE

In the event of a FIRE the following actions are required:

Priority is to ensure that in the event of an emergency situation, .......... personnel can be evacuated immediately to a safe area. The airlock sentry will notify the necessary authorities to sound the alarm.

ALL operatives on hearing the alarm are to immediately evacuate the premises by using the fire exits furthest away from the fire. If the decontamination unit is outside the building, they will muster at that location, prior to decontamination. In other circumstances, they will, muster adjacent to the vehicle parking space allocated to ..........................

The airlock sentry will contact the emergency numbers as detailed in the site supervisors Package. He will then proceed to power down all site equipment, including electrical extension leads. The latter activity will not commence if there is a risk to life and limb. The airlock sentry will then proceed to the muster point.

The site supervisor will form a roll call at the muster point before addressing emergency decontamination procedures.

Report to the emergency services when arriving and inform them if anyone is missing and provide any additional information they may require. ACCIDENT WITHIN ENCLOSURE

In the event of an accident occurring within the enclosure resulting in injury, the site supervisor will:

Call the emergency services as necessary.

Carry out emergency decontamination procedures to transport the casualty through airlock.

Follow normal decontamination routines and contact the .......... office.

Investigate the incident, after the casualty has been treated.

Should the injuries be such that the casualty cannot be moved, the supervisor will administer first aid as appropriate and then contact the emergency services.

It should be noted that only the fire brigade would be equipped to enter the enclosure to release the casualty. Should the emergency take the form of either a fire or an explosion, the site fire procedures should be activated as soon as possible and emergency decontamination procedures followed.


A roll call will be implemented to make sure that all personnel are accounted for. The .......... office should be kept informed of all site activities.

The emergency services may require site-specific information, and what .......... equipment is available for their use.

The .......... office will ensure that all interested parties are advised and kept informed of all developments.

EMERGENCY DECONTAMINATION PROCEDURES

Remove all protective clothing in the ‘dirty’ end of the chamber.

Under the shower remove RPE, bag and seal.

Wash immediately and thoroughly.

Exit. ESCAPE OF ASBESTOS FIBRES In an emergency situation that result, or has the potential to result in the release of asbestos fibres, the site supervisor will stop all work, and immediately implement normal decontamination procedures. Should damage occur to the integrity of the enclosure, the site supervisor will:

Instigate repair from the inside of the enclosure.

Evacuate the area following, the normal work routines.

Inform the emergency telephone numbers in the Supervisors pack.

Determine the extent of the contamination, evacuate and secure the area.

Post warning notices.

Inform your respective Line Manager / Regional Office

The .......... office will give site directions and advise all interested parties as necessary.


LOSS OF ELECTRICAL POWER TO ENCLOSURE

In the event of disruption to the electrical supply which affects both the air management strategy and / or lighting, you must cease removal works immediately and ‘switch off’ any previously ‘live’ plant (e.g. Greco’s etc…) and make your way to the airlock system; here you will await further instruction from the Supervisor.

The supervisor will ensure that all operatives working within the enclosure have made their way to the airlock system, once all persons have been accounted for he will ascertain why there has been electrical failure. In the case of electrical leads being ‘unplugged’ or removed by others, he will reconnect the supply and ensure that all air management equipment and or lighting has been restored.

Where an immediate cause of failure cannot be identified he will order an ‘evacuation of the enclosure. Upon this evacuation order, all personnel will undertake preliminary decontamination and make their way to their respective hygiene unit utilising standard transit procedures.

Personnel will wait in the ‘dirty end’ of the hygiene unit to undertake full decontamination in accordance with standard procedures.

Whilst the operatives are making their way to the hygiene units the Supervisor shall seal the airlock system with adhesive tape to prevent the potential release of asbestos fibres from within the enclosure.

After securing the site he will report the electrical failure to his immediate supervisor / line manager.

DAMAGE TO WASTE BAG ON TRANSIT ROUTE In an emergency situation that result, or has the potential to result in the release of asbestos fibres, the site supervisor will stop all work, and immediately implement normal decontamination procedures. In the event of a bag splitting whilst being transported from the enclosure to the waste receptacle via a transit route the supervisor shall;

Clear the area of all unprotected personnel

Erect physical barriers preventing unauthorised access

Coat the area with a spray surfactant

Carefully seal the split and double bag the damaged sack in accordance with standard waste removal procedures


Carry out a decontamination of the area in accordance with standard decontamination procedures and obtain air monitoring from the analyst company to determine the effectiveness of the decontamination process

Report the incident to the relevant Contract Manager / Health & Safety Department

Record the incident including all corrective actions taken in the site log

EMERGENCY PROCEDURES FOR DRIVERS TRANSPORTING ASBESTOS WASTE

This copy of emergency procedures must be kept in the driver’s section of any vehicle transporting asbestos materials or waste whether the waste is being towed in a sealed skip or is in fact stowed in the vehicle itself.

The driver must be displaying the requisite ‘Hazchem’ sign on the rear of the vehicle or on the rear of the towed trailer (If transporting >1000kg of Chrysotile (only) asbestos waste or >333kg Amosite / Crocidolite or a mixture of asbestos waste)

The driver must ensure that he carries an emergency protection pack which will include a disposable Type 5 (BS EN ISO 13982-1), Cat 3 coverall, RPE - Ori-nasal type 149 fitted with a FFP3 filter or disposable EN149, FFP3, a pair of disposable waterproof gloves, and a pair of Type 5 Cat 3 overshoes. The kit must also include two approved asbestos bags and sufficient tape to secure them should they be used for re-bagging purposes.

1. Should accidental spillage occur, and without prejudice to any liability should this

happen as a result of a road traffic accident, he will ensure that any emergency services which attend are made aware of the fact that asbestos is present.

2. The driver should put on the respirator before leaving his vehicle if this is possible

and then dress himself in the Type 5 Cat 3 suit, overshoes, and gloves. 3. The driver must keep himself up-wind of any spillage and ensure that any other

persons in the area also keep clear of the spillage. 4. In windy conditions every effort must be made to contain fibres within as small an

area as possible – this may be done by covering the spillage with a tarpaulin, or similar material, and weighting down the edges until help arrives.

5. In the case of minor spillages and if the driver feels he is competent to re-bag any

spillage, then he must ensure that the area is completely cleared of the spillage


before leaving the area. In such cases he will, after cleaning up, place his emergency clothing in an asbestos labeled waste sack to ensure that he has a thorough wash before eating, drinking or smoking.

6. Emergency services are usually called to road traffic accidents. Where an accident

involves the spillage of asbestos the driver should, where possible, ensure that the Fire Brigade is called in addition to the usual “Police and Ambulance” as they are the only service capable of carrying out decontamination on a large scale.

7. The driver is personally responsible for notifying the Directors of the Company

immediately of any emergency situation that occurs whilst transporting asbestos.

13 Site Records The importance of accurate site records can be underestimated, it is a legal requirement for the documents detailed below to be maintained on a daily basis or as site conditions change. You are to ensure that an accurate log of all site activities is maintained, this will include details of personnel on site, work schedule, amount and type of work that has been completed, full details of any site visitors or inspections and times of arrival / departure from site. Copies of the following documentation will be kept on site at all times.

Site-specific plan of work

ASB5 relating to the project

Asbestos Removal Licence

Waste Carriers Licence

COSHH Assessments

Risk Assessments

General Procedures Document

Insurance details

Plant Maintenance Records & DOP Certs (including RPE)

Clearance certificate for DCU if transferred from another project

Daily records of inspection for enclosure, DCU, NPU(s), RPE

Operatives Medical, Training Certificates & Face fit test certificates (annual requirement)

Personal monitoring records (if performed)

Site Log


14 Equipment Schedule Vacuum Equipment:

Numatic HXD350 and HXD750 ‘H’ type

As-vac 600 (AMS Limited) Fibre Suppressant and System:

Hozelock ‘killaspray’, 5 litre pressure sprayer, using a dilute solution of PVA/Idenden 30/330.

GRECO ‘Ultra + 1000’ spray machine using a dilute solution of PVA/Idenden 30/330.

Safe Strip multi needle injection system using diluted Idenden 30/330 suppressant or ‘BP Astrip’.

Thermac LP Injection single needle point system using diluted Idenden 30/330 suppressant or ‘BP Astrip’.

Air Extraction Equipment: All units will comply with HSE Guidance HSG 247, Asbestos: The Licensed Contractor’s Guide and PAS 60-2:2004 Negative Pressure Units, for example;

Safety Industries or AMS 500

Safety Industries or AMS 1500

Safety Industries or AMS 4000 ‘Blasting Equipment’

Quill Falcon

Smoke testing equipment:

Smoke generating equipment will be manufactured by Colt or Minimist smoke machines.


15 Dust Suppression Work with asbestos based products will be undertaken with a view to minimising the release of asbestos fibres and in any case to keep the fibre levels in the enclosure to the lowest levels reasonably practicable. A combination of the following techniques will be used to achieve this end: CONTROLLED WETTING

The use of water to which will be added a propriety "fibre suppressant" or other wetting

agent for the purpose of wetting asbestos fibres and preventing them from becoming airborne. This will take the form of low pressure injection into the asbestos based material or surface application by low-pressure sprayer.

This will be undertaken in such a manner that the wetting operation does not in itself

result in a release of asbestos fibres. In order to effectively suppress the dust 40% water content of the material will be required before removal. Sufficient time will be allowed to ensure that the wetting agent thoroughly penetrates the material to be removed. It is likely that further control measures or wetting will be carried out during the removal to minimise asbestos fibre release from dry patches due to drying out or incomplete wetting.

Operatives will be trained in the use of relevant types of suppressant equipment.

16 Procedure for Changing Method Statement (Plan of Work) Changes to the method statement may be carried out by the site supervisor only after prior authorisation from a member of ......................... management (preferably the person who prepared the original Plan of Work). All changes will be recorded on the site generated method statement; this will be given a reference number, date and name of person who authorised changes. In the event of significant change, the project will cease and plan of work shall be withdrawn. The project shall be re-evaluated by the relevant Contracts Manager and the revised plan of work submitted to the HSE or relevant enforcing authority (via e-mail) Note – In some cases the changes may be so significant that re-notification of the works may be required e.g. discovery of sprayed coatings behind an AIB panel


17 Working at Height All work at height will be carried out following an assessment of the risk posed by the proposed works; this assessment shall be made in accordance with the Working at Height Regulations 2005, in essence the following items shall be implemented;

All work at height shall be properly planned and organised

All work at height shall take account of weather conditions that could increase the risk posed by working at height

All those undertaking work at height shall be trained and competent to do so

The place where work at height is done is safe

All equipment used to work at height is appropriately inspected

The risks posed by fragile surfaces are properly controlled and the risk from falling objects or materials is properly controlled

In addition to these items all places where work at height is being undertaken shall have safe means of access/egress. All work at height shall be planned using the hierarchy of risk control, the diagram below simplifies this process be simply detailing the hierarchy for managing and selecting equipment for work at height.

If you are working above ground level, or close to an exposed edge, over which you could fall, then you will need to make an assessment of the risk to determine what control measures must be put in place to either prevent you falling or significantly reduce the distance you could fall and therefore reduce the potential for personal injury. When planning work at height you must consider the Hierarchy of control measures to be implemented prior to undertaking any task; Avoidance - Avoid all unnecessary work at height Permanent Access - Use designated, purpose built walkways and gantries where possible Temporary Working Platforms - The use of scaffolds, cradles and mobile platforms Collective Measures - Hand rails, safety netting, air bags or landing mats Personal Measures - These measures are generally split in to 3 categories

Work Position Fall Arrest


IS THERE A RISK OF A

PERSON FALLING A

DISTANCE LIABLE TO

CAUSE PERSONAL

INJURY?

IS IT REASONABLY

PRACTICABLE TO

SAFELY CARRY OUT

THE WORK OTHER

THAN AT HEIGHT?

CAN COLLECTIVE

MEASURES BE

EMPLOYED?

CAN YOU PREVENT

THE FALL?

CAN YOU

PREVENT THE

FALL?

EMPLOY PERSONAL

PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT TO

SET UP A WORK RESTRAINT

OR WORK POSITIONING

SYSTEM AND PERFORM THE

TASK IN A SAFE MANNER

PERFORM THE TASK IN A

SAFE MANNER USING GUARD

RAILS AND / OR SAFE

WORKING PLATFORMS, ETC...

EMPLOY PERSONAL

PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT TO

SET UP A FALL ARREST

SYSTEM AND PERFORM THE

TASK IN A SAFE MANNER

PERFORM THE TASK

IN A SAFE MANNER

FROM THE GROUND

PERFORM THE

TASK IN A SAFE

MANNER

USE A COLLECTIVE FALL

PROTECTION SYSTEM TO

PERFORM THE TASK IN A

SAFE MANNER E.G. AIR

BAGS, NETTING ETC...ASSESS THE RISK OF

BEING SUSPENDED IN A

HARNESS & RECORD

THE FINDINGS

ASSESS THE RISK OF

BEING SUSPENDED IN

A HARNESS & RECORD

THE FINDINGS

Yes NO

Yes

NO

NO

YESYES NO

YES NO

Planning to Work Safely at Height

Work Restraint


Mobile Access Towers

Mobile access tower scaffolds have become an essential part of our Safe Systems of Work however care must be taken by all personnel erecting and using this piece of work equipment These guidelines are to assist you, in ensuring you are working safely at height. A mobile access tower should only be used on firm ground The castors should be locked and have the maximum permitted load stamped on

them The stability of the mobile access tower is dependent on the height to least base

ratio for instance when using a mobile access tower inside a building you can build it to a ratio of 3.5:1 (1m wide base x 3.5 = 3.5m high) anything over this ratio will require the use of outriggers which effectively increase the base dimensions of the mobile access tower

The working platform should be fully boarded and at least 600mm wide If the platform is to be used for materials it should be 800mm wide and all loads

evenly distributed on the platform The mobile access tower shall be fitted on all sides with both guardrails and

toeboards The toeboards must be at lease 150mm high The highest guardrail should be at least 950mm high with a gap of no more than

470mm to the intermediate handrail Brick guards or similar must be used if storing materials on the platform You must have a safe means of access & egress to the working platform, this shall

be by using the internal ladders and trapdoors You must not access the working platform by climbing up the outside of the mobile

access tower Should you have to move the tower during your works ensure all personnel, tools

and materials have been removed The recommended maximum height for mobile towers is 9.6m For those personnel trained to erect and inspect mobile access towers remember to thoroughly inspect all components before building the tower, people’s lives may depend upon your expertise and training!


2 x Guardrails

around the

whole working

platform

Toe Boards

fitted around the

whole working

platform

All wheels

locked to

prevent

accidental

movement

4 x Stabilisers

used where the

height of the

tower is 3.5

times greater

than the

narrowest

base width

The internal

ladder is to be

used at all times

– ensure all trap

doors are closed

after use

The gap

between the

toeboard and

the handrail

must not exceed

470mm

Ensure the

tower is erected

on a sound base

to prevent it

becoming

unstable

Aide Memoir for erection & use of

mobile scaffold towers

Only trained & competent personnel are to erect mobile tower scaffolds

Ensure all

components are

inspected for

damage prior

to use


Safe Use of Ladders and Stepladders A third of all reported fall-from-height incidents involve ladders and stepladders, on average this accounts for 14 deaths and 1200 major injuries to workers each year. Many of these injuries are caused by inappropriate or incorrect use of the equipment. SET-UP FOR LEANING LADDERS Do a daily pre-use check (including ladder feet) Secure it Ground should be firm and level Have a strong upper resting point (not plastic guttering) Floor should be clean, but not slippery LEANING LADDERS IN-USE Short duration works (maximum 30 minutes) Light work (up to 10kg load) Ladder angle 75 degrees - 1 in 4 rule (1 unit out for every 4 units up) Always grip the ladder when climbing Do not over reach - make sure your belt buckle stays within the stiles and keep

both feet on the same rung or step throughout the task Do not work off the top three rungs - this provides a handhold SET-UP FOR STEPLADDERS Daily pre-use check (feet included) Ensure there is space to fully open Use any locking devices correctly Ground should be firm and level Floors should be clean but not slippery STEPLADDERS IN-USE Short duration works (maximum of 30mins) Light work (up to 10kg load) Do not work off the top two steps (top 3 steps for swing-back/double-sided

stepladders) Avoid side-on working Do not overreach - make sure your belt buckle (naval) stays within the stiles and

keep both feet on the same rung or step throughout the task Please note: Ladders or stepladders should only be used if no other appropriate means of access is available and only after undertaking an assessment of the risks involved in using these pieces of equipment


18 Removal Techniques for Works Requiring a Licence

CHOOSING AN ASBESTOS STRIPPING TECHNIQUE Where the decision is made to remove asbestos-containing materials, a number of factors must be considered before deciding on the stripping technique or combination of techniques (these should be detailed in the assessment and plan of work) these factors include;

the need to minimise the amount of fibres generated at the point where asbestos is being stripped;

the type of asbestos-containing materials, for example; - where there is an impervious cement layer on pipe lagging which will

resist wetting - where lagging such as blankets is better wetted using sprays rather than

injection;

The surface onto which the asbestos has been applied. For example, a sprayed coating may have been applied onto a bituminous layer on structural steel work. This will make the removal of residual asbestos difficult;

The location of the asbestos-containing materials and the nature of the work area;

The need to prevent escape of asbestos fibres from the enclosure to the general environment. The use of controlled stripping techniques will minimise the concentration of asbestos fibres within the enclosure and make their containment easier. Further guidance on the design and construction of enclosures is given in HSG 247 the Licensed Contractors Guide.

Removal of the asbestos waste and debris In additional to the requirement to reduce exposure to as low as reasonably practicable, you must consider the conditions under which the work will be carried out. Such conditions include where:

the presence of live electrical equipment will prevent, or restrict the use of controlled wet stripping;

the need to carry out work on hot plant makes controlled wet stripping inappropriate as it produces a scalding risk, a risk of heat stress and a humid atmosphere, and is of limited effectiveness as the asbestos-containing materials can dry out (see section 20.2)


the presence of chemicals may present a direct risk to the workers or prevent the use of controlled wet stripping techniques;

The use of wetting agents may create a risk of slips. This is particularly important when working at heights.

These factors should be considered in co-operation with the client to ensure that the works is carried out as safely as possible. Liaison with the client or the client’s agents is necessary to ensure that all the factors, which might influence the safety of the work, have been taken into account in the assessment and plan of work. ASBESTOS STRIPPING TECHNIQUES Where reasonably practicable, the stripping method chosen should disturb the asbestos containing material as little as possible and should wet the exposed surfaces to prevent fibres being released. For example, redundant pipes and vessels lagged with asbestos can be removed using wrap and cut. Tiles can be carefully removed using shadow vacuuming and sprays. Where it is necessary to strip asbestos from boilers, pipework, structural beams, etc, the materials should be uniformly wetted. The presence of dry areas can give rise to high airborne fibre concentrations; therefore close attention should be given to ensuring that the material is adequately wetted. Uniform wetting is most effectively achieved using low-pressure multi-point injection of a low surface tension liquid (e.g. water containing wetting agent) and allowing a number of hours for the liquid to penetrate and spread into the materials. A structural system of work is necessary to achieve uniform wetting. Each site will have its own problems and types of material. Consequently, the spacing between injection points, the duration of injection, the rate of liquid application and soaking time will all have to be determined on site by inspecting the lagging or sprayed coating. Lagging and sprayed coatings

Is the pipework or vessel redundant? If yes, then wrap and cut may be appropriate.

Is the materials relatively thick (greater than 1 cm) and covered with a coating which can be punctured by injection needles, for example painted sprayed coatings? If yes, then low-pressure injection can be used.

Is the material unsealed and relatively thin, for example unpainted sprayed coatings less than 1 cm thick? If yes, then controlled low-pressure sprays can be used.


Is there an impermeable layer which cannot be punctured by injection needles, for example pipe lagging with a hard cement coating? If yes, then injection holes can be prepared by using: - hand drills and shadow vacuuming (this is where the nozzle, fitted with a

suitable attachment, of a type H (BS 5415) vacuum cleaner is held as close as possible to the source of fibre release throughout the task);

- drilling using a low-speed drill with a cowl around the bit and fitted with local exhaust ventilation (LEV) or;

- drilling through viscous medium such as wallpaper paste

18.1 Asbestos Insulating Boards (AIB) and AIB Tiles

Is one surface unpainted and accessible? If yes, then vacuuming and the use of controlled low-pressure sprays on the unpainted surfaces, followed by shadow vacuuming during unscrewing, are appropriate.

Is the unpainted surfaced inaccessible? If yes, then shadow vacuuming while unscrewing is appropriate, with vacuuming of the exposed and unpainted surfaces followed by the use of controlled low-pressure sprays.

Are both surfaces painted? If yes, then shadow vacuuming while unscrewing is appropriate.

There are a number of controlled stripping techniques which can be used to control the release of fibres during asbestos removal. These can be divided into the following two broad categories:

controlled wet stripping;

Dry stripping with control at source. In addition to the use of controlled stripping techniques, there are other elements of good working practice which are needed to control exposure:

The selection and issue of tools and equipment can greatly affect exposure levels; abrasive power and pneumatic tools in particular can create high fibre concentrations. Manual tools should be used with shadow vacuuming. However, where this is not reasonably practicable, abrasive power and pneumatic tools should be used at the lowest effective speed with additional control measures such as LEV. Examples include a cowl fitted with extraction located around a drill bit (the cowl should be fitted with a spring so that it remains in contact with the surface of the material as the drill bit penetrates) or shadow vacuuming.

The use of controlled stripping techniques does not remove the need for close supervision and checking that the standards of control and work methods are being maintained. Windows and/or CCTV systems provided in enclosures allow supervisors to check that operators are following instructions and taking the necessary precautions.


Maintenance of control equipment is essential to ensure that it continues to operative effectively.

Good waste control measures including the clearing away of waste material as work progresses.

18.2 Controlled wet stripping Wetting agents Asbestos fibres can be effectively suppressed if the asbestos-containing materials in uniformly wetted with a liquid. Ideally the liquid should have low surface tension, a low vapor pressure, a high boiling point and low toxicity. Water meets some of these requirements and is cheap, but it normally requires a wetting agent and/or heating to lower the surface tension.

Chrysotile absorbs water (i.e. it is hydrophilic). The amphiboles (Crocidolite and Amosite asbestos) do not absorb water (i.e. they are hydrophobic). Therefore, a wetting agent, which helps with water absorption, should always be used with amphiboles, and is preferred for Chrysotile. However, water may be sufficient for Chrysotile on its own. It is also important to consider the wetting characteristics of the other materials with which the asbestos has been mixed. For example, calcium silicate in lagging makes it difficult to wet.

Wetting agents can be applied by injecting or spraying, and are supplied either ready for use or requiring further dilution. Dilution can be typically between 10:1 and 15:1 according to the manufacture’s recommendations. Some wetting agents can ease removal by loosening the binding agents within the asbestos containing material.

18.3 Controlled wetting using injection

The most useful technique for achieving good control of asbestos fibres at the point of removal is multi-point injection using needles which penetrate the outer skin of asbestos-containing materials such as sprayed coatings or lagging. Traditional needs have holes some distance from the tip, and cannot be used to inject thin layers. Needles, with holes only at the tip, are available and they allow thin layers (1 cm or less)


of sealed sprayed coatings to be injected. Alternatively, angled needles are available. This helps the lateral movement of the wetting agent. However, injection techniques may not be appropriate for unsealed sprayed coatings where the needles can be sealed using an airless spray and injected once the surface coating is dry. Alternatively, airless spraying of wetting agent can be used on its own to thoroughly saturate unsealed sprayed coatings. Where lagging is covered by a cement-like layer (typically 6 mm thick), it may prove impossible to carry out injection without some preparatory work. In order to permit injection, hole can be carefully drilling in the cement layer for permit access of the needles. Drilling can be a dusty procedure so hand drills or a low speed drill should be used. The use of integral LEV can achieve additional control, for example cowls, by shadowing vacuuming or by drilling through a viscous medium such as wallpaper paste. Pipe and vessel lagging can be covered in metal cladding which will need to be carefully removed to expose the lagging material before injections. This can normally be carried out with minimal disturbance to the underlying lagging. However, of the underlying lagging is likely to be damaged, you can use airless sprays and shadow vacuuming as an effective way of controlling fibre release while the cladding is carefully removed. Injection systems come in two basic forms: multi-point and single point. Multi-point systems have a number of needles connected together and served from a common injection pump. ‘Hedgehogs’ (a number of needles grouped together on a flat board) are appropriate for flat surfaces such as sealed sprayed coatings, lagging on plant with large flat surfaces etc. Alternatively, a ‘string’ of needles 10 to 15 cm apart, connected by tubing from the injection pump can be wrapped around pipework in a slight lattice pattern. Single-point injection systems are useful for inaccessible areas where it would be difficult to set up a multi-point system. But where possible, multi-point injection should be used as it can provide more comprehensive wetting of the material than a single-point system. Whichever injection system is used, there are a number of common basic principles which should be considered:

Personnel placing the needles and operating the injection equipment should receive specific and detailed training in the use of controlled stripping techniques, and in the problems which may be encountered.

Unless the assessment of the work shows that injection can be carried out without disturbing the asbestos-containing materials (or debris associated with it), the enclosure should be completed and smoke tested before carrying out any preparatory work or injection.


Low-pressure injections (less than 3.4 bar (50 psi)) are preferred. The use of high pressure can damage the asbestos and cause the wetting agent to be forced along the path of least resistance rather than flowing by capillary action.

Injection should be carried out in a methodical manner. If the needles are placed too far apart, dry patches may occur.

Where reasonably practicable, the wetting agent should be applied from the top to allow gravity to aid its movement through the asbestos.

Where the asbestos is damaged, injection may result in the materials being disturbed or breaking off. If the damage is relatively slight, this can be avoided by the liberal use of sprayed wetting agent. If there is the potential for the asbestos to fall off the pipework or vessel, it can be wrapped in an impervious material such as polythene sheeting and then carefully injected.

Over-wetting should be avoided to prevent the wetting agent seeping out of cracks in the asbestos and presenting a slip hazard. It can also cause slurry which can be difficult to deal with. Wrapping any damaged pipe lagging can collect any wetting agent (and asbestos debris) which may seep out. Alternatively drip trays can be placed under the pipework.

Over-wetting may also result in asbestos becoming detached and falling off, owing to the increased weight. If this is likely to occur, the asbestos material can be wrapped in polythene sheeting.

It is important to allow sufficient time for the wetting agent to thoroughly penetrate the asbestos-containing materials. The time taken will depend on the type of asbestos-containing material being injected. More porous and less dense materials, such as sprayed asbestos coatings, become saturated more quickly than denser and less porous materials such as pipe lagging. Some materials may be removed after only 3 to 4 hours soaking while others may require up to 24 hours. To be assured that the injection process has been successful, you should consider the use of a ‘core sample’ to ascertain the penetration of the surfactant through the asbestos insulation material. The degree of penetration and wetting should be checked by visual examination before attempting removal. With some asbestos-containing materials, there is a visible colour change when adequate wetting has been achieved. Lagging should be of a dough-like consistency when adequately wetted. The use of dyes in the wetting agent or a moisture mater also assists examination.


Small samples taken to determine the degree of penetration and wetting should be from areas remote from the pump or towards the last group of needles. During such testing, ‘shadow’ vacuuming should be used and if any exposed dry patches are found, they should be sprayed immediately and then re-injected. Remember that poor wetting can be no better than uncontrolled dry stripping, and very high exposures will result.

18.4 Controlled wetting by spraying This technique can be used for a number of applications, including:

where the asbestos-containing materials is unsealed and porous, e.g. thin sprayed coatings;

the penetration of asbestos-containing materials for removal, e.g. before the injection of damaged pipe lagging;

the removal of AIB;

the removal of asbestos debris

Work on asbestos cement The nature of the work being carried out and the volume of asbestos involved will determine the method of application. For relatively small applications, such as the preparation for injection, operators can use hand-pressurised and operated spraying equipment. For more extensive applications such as an unsealed sprayed coating, a low-pressure spraying machine (less than 3.4 bar (50 psi)) can apply the wetting agent (Greco). The objective is to achieve thorough wetting of the asbestos-containing material without disturbing it or producing an excessive quantity of run-off. The method of application will vary depending on the type of material. Examples include:

Application on unsealed sprayed coatings: spray should be carried out with care over a defined area using a wide-angles and fine spray. The spray should be moved continuously back and forward across the surface, avoiding disturbance. The number of passes required will depend on the material.

Application on unpainted AIB boards and tiles: if the boards or tiles are unpainted on both surfaces, or an unpainted surface is readily accessible, they should be first vacuumed clean to remove all deposits of dust and debris and then sprayed as described in the previous sub-paragraph. Once they are thoroughly wet, they can be carefully removed by unscrewing and shadow vacuuming. A magnet can be used to locate the screws if hidden by paint. Where the unpainted surface is not accessible, as is often the case with ceiling tiles, a single tile should be unscrewed using shadow vacuuming, then


the unpainted top surfaces of the surrounding boards or tiles, they can be vacuumed clean and sprayed before removal as outlined previously.

Application during preparatory work for injection: as previously outlined, spraying can be used where they asbestos is slightly damaged and injection may result in the material being disturbed. Fibre release can be minimised by the careful, but liberal use of sprayed wetting agent on the damaged areas during injection.

Application on insulating blankets, ropes, quilt, etc: injection is not appropriate for this type of material, but wetting agents sprayed over all accessible surfaces can be effective in minimising fibre release during removal.

Applications on hard surfaces (for example Keens cement and bulldog coatings): these coating may be too hard to inject, and impermeable to the spray application of wetting agents. One method of removal is by drilling under controlled conditions followed by injection. Alternatively, this type of material can be removed by careful cracking while applying a fine spray. Once cracks appear, the spray can be directed along them to aid wetting. The material should then be carefully removed without further breakage. Shadow vacuuming can also be used in some circumstances. Because this type of material will not readily soak up wetting agent, there is likely to be some run off. Polythene sheeting or a suitable container should be placed beneath the spraying point to collect any run–off.

The time required for adequate soaking depends on the type of asbestos-containing materials and the purpose behind the application of the wetting agent. For example, if it is being used to suppress fibre release during preparation for injection, only a few minutes may be necessary. Dense material may need to be left to soak overnight. Care should be taken to avoid over-wetting as this can result in some materials, such as AIB ceiling tiles, collapsing. Remember that poor wetting can be no better than uncontrolled dry stripping and very high exposures will result. There are a number of decorative textured coatings such as Artex, Windertex, Pebbicoat, etc which contain asbestos. These require different treatment, for example:

Where possible, remove panel’s whole without disturbing the decorative coating. If the coating needs to be cut, to allow removal of the panel, this should be carried out using a sharp knife. Wetting and/or shadow vacuuming can be used to minimise fibre release.

If the decorative coating is painted, a paint remover can be used to remove the paint followed by socking with a wetting agent. The soaked decorative coating can be removed by gentle scraping, while ensuring that the material remains wet. If a paint remover is used, the hazards and risks posed by its


use should be assessed as required by the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 (COSHH);

Where the coating is unpainted, the use of a wetting agent followed by gentle scraping with shadow vacuuming will suffice;

Wallpaper-removal steaming appliances can be used to loosen the material;

Dry sanding and similar power techniques should be avoided as these can result in high exposures.

18.5 Some problems associated with wet stripping techniques The use of wetting agents or water alone, whether injected or sprayed, is not appropriate in some circumstances because their use may introduce additional hazards, for example:

in the presence of live electrical equipment that cannot be isolated of effectively sealed from water;

where there is an unavoidable risk of contact between water and chemicals which may generate toxic or fire risks;

In hot environments where the use of wetting agents may result in the generation of steam and the risk of heat stress.

There are also situations where the use of wetting agents can cause problems but these should not prevent the use of wet stripping techniques, for example:

Where wet work would lead to the discoloration of the fabric of the building, particularly where dyes are added to the wetting agent. The use of polythene sheeting on susceptible surfaces can prevent this.

Where wetting agents may cause skin problems. The manufacturer’s or supplier’s material safety data sheet should be consulted on the precautions to take;

Where a slip hazard may be introduced by spillage of wetting solution. This can be avoided by placing drip trays under the area being treated or using non-slip flooring which can be disposed of as asbestos waste. Any spills should be removed;

If there are freezing weather conditions. Wetting agents can be treated to allow for this.


18.6 Dry stripping with control at source As previously mentioned, there may be some situations where it is not possible to use wet stripping techniques or where alternative techniques are preferable. Also, it may be necessary to combine facets of both wet stripping and controlled dry stripping. You should note that although the negative pressure ventilation features of the enclosure can provide some control, they do not regulate the fibre release at the point of removal and should not therefore be relied in as the primary method of control.

18.7 Wrap and cut In some circumstances, for example the removal of redundant pipework, it may be more appropriate to use wrap and cut rather than controlled wet stripping. This is because wrap and cut does not require wholesale disturbance of the lagging. Consequently, the potential for fibre regeneration is much reduced. Wrap and cut is particularly suitable for pipework on small diameter (150 mm of less). This technique requires the lagged pipework or vessels to be securely wrapped in polythene sheeting being cut out and disposed of as asbestos waste. The need for additional precautions such as enclosures, negative pressure units, etc, should be determined by the assessment of work. This method is only suitable for lagged pipework or plant which is redundant and of manageable size, and which has, where necessary, been made safe by the removal of its content and been cleaned. It is important to only use this technique on items which are of manageable size. The handling of large items of plant can result in injury or the ripping of the polythene

Asbestos

Insulation

Polythene

Sheeting Double layer of polythene over area to be cut Dark green line indicates

polythene ‘double’ taped.

Location of

Cut


sheeting. Also, disposal sites will not accept wrapped items with large voids in them, for example a large calorifier. The lagging should be generally in sound condition. If it is damaged, wrapping and cutting can disturb and release fibres. Additional precautions will therefore be required. The following methods, in isolation or combination, can minimise fibre release:

The lagging can be carefully treated with a penetrating encapsulant which will bind the fibres together. If the lagging is badly damaged, the possibility of fibre release during application will also need to be considered.

The lagging can be wetted using injection or spraying of a wetting agent.

Small areas of damage, adjacent to the area to be wrapped and cut, can be sealed with polythene sheeting and tape using localised spraying or shadow vacuuming.

Where there are several areas of damage alone a length of pipework, the entire run can be dampened using sprays and wrapped in polythene sheeting.

Once the pipework or plant has been divided off into manageable sections, the lagging should be wrapped in heavy-duty polythene and the ends of the sections taped or otherwise sealed, and the package labeled. The pipework should be examined for suitable breaks in the lagging where flanges could be unbolted or pipe hangers removed, or the bas pipe cut, but without disturbing the asbestos. Where such breaks do not occur naturally, or if they are not at convenient positions, short sections of lagging will have to be removed. Where bare pipework of very small diameter has to be cut, a hacksaw is least likely to disturb the lagging. Abrasive cut-off wheels and flame cutting techniques, which are more suited to larger diameter pipework, any damage the wrapped ends of the lagging if care is not taken. At least 20-30cm of exposed pipework is required to reduce the risk. Where grinding wheels or flame cutting is used, the pipework should be wrapped in flame-retardant polythene sheeting. Vibration from the use of tools may also disturb asbestos on the remaining pipework unless precautions are taken, such as prior wrapping in polythene sheeting. The wrapped sections of pipework should be carefully supported during cutting or unbolting, for example by sheet metal bands at sling attachment points, and taken directly to the waste skip. Full PPE (including RPE) must be worn while this method of work is in use


18.8 Floor voids Where work in floor voids / ducts requires personnel to enter the void, all works shall only be undertaken by personnel suitably trained in confined space working techniques and following the undertaking of a task specific assessment of risk. The floorboards will be carefully removed using screwdrivers and ‘jemmy bars’. The floorboards will be immediately wrapped in 1000-gauge polythene and labeled accordingly. The floor joists will be de-contaminated using ant-static cloths and class ‘H’ (BS EN 60335) vacuum cleaners. The insulation to pipework will be injected with dust suppressant and adequate time allowed for the suppressant to take effect (approx. 1 hour). The insulation to pipework will be removed using small axes, scrapers and wire brushes. Where the insulation is strongly adhered, it will be removed using emery cloth soaked in Idenden 30/330. The floor void will be cleaned using class ‘H’ (BS EN 50335) vacuum cleaners and anti-static cloths accordingly.

On completion of removal work, all surfaces within the enclosure will be wiped clean using anti-static cloths (tac-rags) and class ‘H’ (BS EN 60335) vacuum cleaners. The enclosure will then be visually checked for dust/debris by the supervisor and the on site analyst. Providing this proves satisfactory, the area will be subject to air clearance testing. After the visual inspection but prior to air testing the enclosure structure will be sprayed with a dilute solution of fibre suppressant which will be suitably dry before air testing commences. Following air clearance testing the enclosure will be carefully dismantled and disposed of as contaminated waste – care will be taken to ensure that no asbestos is present attached to the enclosure e.g. behind timber frame/adhesive tape.


18.9 Wet Blasting (e.g. Quill Falcon Equipment)

This technique can be used where the asbestos-containing materials exists on any surface where it is not practical to clean by hand and only when it is deemed fibre release levels will not exceed control limits. For example; Before quilling work is undertaken any sprayed coating will be removed using the established methods of wet stripping using injection equipment in conjunction with small hand tools (scrapers) so only residue remains.

Each Quill machine will be assigned a three man team – quill operative, wet vac / waste operative and potman who is situated outside of the enclosure.

Where multiple Quill machines are in use it is possible for the potman to maintain 3 machines.

All quill operatives will be fully trained and certified.

The additional following PPE is recommended for the blast operator

Hard hat with visor attachment (visor will need to be changed each shift due the blast back of media)

Wet weather overalls (these must be treated as asbestos waste at the end of operations)

Water proof gloves NOTE: As with any wet operation it is very important to seal all penetrations through the floor slab, any combination of foam, corex and sealant is effective Before starting works with this equipment every operative needs to understand the setup, filling and refilling, and the starting and stopping procedures outlined below, these instruction are to read in conjunction with formal training from the supplier / manufacturer Setting up the Quill services

Connect Air Supply

Connect air line from the compressor to the air inlet fitting on the cabinet

Use a wipe check safety device

Compressed air delivery must not exceed 120psi


Connect Water Supply

Connect mains water supply to the coupling on the machine

Connect those pipes with a jubilee clip

The jubilee clip prevents air leaks and damage to the pump

Connect Blast Hose Connection and Control Lines

Twist on blast hose

Use wipe check ends and clips provided to secure blasting hose

Locate GREEN and YELLOW controls

Locate fitting with GREEN and YELLOW on cabinet

Connect GREEN and YELLOW control lines to their respective fittings and tighten

Connect Blast Hose and Control Handle

Ensure GREEN and YELLOW control lines are equal length to the blast hose

Locate deadmans handle engraved with G and Y

Connect GREEN control line to G fitting on the deadmans handle

Connect YELLOW control line to Y fitting on the deadmans handle

ATEX Plaque and Earth Connection Point

If the machine is used in explosive environment an ATEX verification plaque must be clearly visible

If the machine is used in a hazardous area it MUST be connected to an appropriate grounding point

Brake Facility

Ensure wheel brake is fully on before commencing blasting

Filling and Refilling Procedure

Fill and Set Water Level

Insert water feed into the top of the pot and switch on the water

Locate water drain valve on the right of the pot and open

Continue filling the pot until water flows from the water drain valve

Connect the water hose back to the side of the machine

Fill Pot with Blast Media – note – all blast media must contain less than 1% free silica

Fill pot with blast media until the water stops flowing from the water drain

Close the water drain valve


Falcon 120 holds 6 x 25kg blasting media – Falcon 200 holds 9 x 25kg blasting media

Use fine or medium grade blast media

Set Water Dosing Control

Turn dosing control clockwise

Fill pot with blast media until the water stops flowing from the water drain until the letter D appears in the window

Ensure wash down valve is closed (level right angles with the pipe)

Ensure grit valve is open (level in line with the pipe) Start Compressor and Water Pump

Start the compressor and switch on the compressor airflow to the Falcon

Locate the emergency stop on the cabinet top, twist gently clockwise to switch on

Emergency stop will pop up and the pump will start

Ensure the water supply is connected and switched on!

Pressure the Pot and Check Pump Gauge Readings

Run the pump until water flows into the sieve

Shake the sieve seal to expel all air from the pot (keep fingers on the ring only)

Centrally lift the sieve seal up to seal the pot; hold in position for 5-10 seconds pump pressure will seal it

Pump will stop after pot is fully pressured

Top gauge air pressure approximately 7 bar Middle gauge pump pressure 3 bar

Bottom gauge pot pressure 12 bar

Refilling

Once out of grit the machine loses effectiveness

Sieve seal may drop DO NOT continue blasting if seal has dropped

Open water drain valve on the right of the pot

To refill repeat steps 1 to 5 Starting and Stopping Blasting

Blasting Preparation

Set green control open level to the open position (level in line with pipe)

Ensure the wash down valve is closed (level right angles to pipe)

Set grit dose control on setting number one

Increase or decrease setting as required

Ensure dosing control clicks as it engages

Locate grit valve at base of pot and open (level in line with pipe)


Start Blasting

Grip one hand around the nozzle holder from above, never below

Use other hand to release trigger lockout level and squeeze deadmans handle

There is a delay of a few seconds before the machine starts and stops – be ready

Never let go of the nozzle once the machine is in operation

Start by using the nozzle at least 3ft from the blasting area keep nozzle moving

For more effective blasting simple move the nozzle closer to the blasting area

Remember to close initially and you may damage the surface!

Stop Blasting

Release the deadmans handle

Set green control airline level to the off position (level right angles to the pipe)

Push the emergency stop down to switch off machine

TO EMPTY VESSEL: Switch of the compressor and disconnect air and water supply

Open the drain valve and remove the pipe from the base of the pot

Remove the grit delivery pipe and empty all grit, stones and debris

Take care not to lose rubber seals in the end of the grit pipe! Wash down Process

The Kwikblast® System can be used to wash down the surface after blasting

Open Wash down valve (level in line with pipe)

Close the grit control valve (level right angles to pipe)

Wash down loose debris from blasted area with nozzle

Start from top of area and chase the debris down to a collection point

Operation Trained operatives will systematically start blasting from the air-lock and work towards the negative pressure units using the procedure highlighted above. Any waste generated will be immediately cleaned up by the wet vac / waste operative. SAFETY NOTE: The waste / wet vac operative(s) must ALWAYS work behind the blast operative so as to avoid coming in to contact with the blast media

After quilling approximately 24 square meters the blast operative will inform the pot man to switch the Quill onto the wash down function. Using the wash down function operatives will clean of any blast medium and residue work surface.


Excess water, although unlikely will be managed on the ground using wet vacs, if necessary. Whilst blast surface is wet any surface dust will be wiped down. Excess water if present will be collected using wet vacs, emptied into double bags and then sealed in 44 gallon oil drums to prevent leakage and bursting. Lastly, the drums will be labeled, wiped down and disposed of into the awaiting asbestos skips. NOTE: At the end of each shift the pot man MUST turn off the compressed air and water to the system. Lastly, a supervisor will inspect the area for; quality of finish and cleanliness then report these findings to the project management team.

18.10 Environmental Cleaning Where asbestos dust and debris is present in such quantities that exposure levels are known to be lower than control limits during removal (e.g. gasket material, asbestos cement etc.), environmental cleaning may be carried out within the confines of an exclusion zone and preferably where the area immediately adjacent the work area is not occupied. Where asbestos dust and debris is present in such quantities that exposure levels are known to be higher than control limits during removal e.g. pipe insulation, badly damaged AIB etc., environmental cleaning should be carried out within the confines of a sealed enclosure. Exceptions might be where the construction of an enclosure would not be reasonably practicable, externally, in a large volume, unoccupied building. Should this be the case the work should be subject to constant air monitoring prior to during and on completion of the works to detect elevated fibre counts. All asbestos dust and debris will be sprayed with a dilute solution of Idenden 30/330 wet strip fluid ensuring full saturation of the material prior to and during removal. All non-cleanable items will be removed from the area and disposed of as asbestos contaminated waste material. All cleanable items will be washed down with clean water and wiped clean with tac-rags and removed from the area for re-use. All debris will where possible be removed carefully by hand and placed directly into asbestos labeled waste sacks – colour RED. All small debris and dust will be removed carefully using Class H (BS EN 60335), PAS 60-3:2004 vacuum cleaners and tac-rags and be placed directly into asbestos labeled waste sacks – colour RED.


The entire area within the work area will then be subject to a full fine clean operation using Class H (BS EN 60335), PAS 60-3:2004 vacuum cleaners and tac-rags paying particular attention to hard to reach areas and horizontal surfaces and ledges, e.g. pipes, tops of walls etc. On completion of the environmental cleaning works the entire area will be visually inspected for dust and debris by the Site Supervisor and / or the onsite analyst.

19 Encapsulation Techniques Note – encapsulation of asbestos containing material that is in good condition may be carried out without notification to the relevant enforcing authority, however a thorough risk assessment must be undertaken to determine the risk posed by carrying out the works without the use of an enclosure

19.1 Insulation to Pipes All pipe insulation will be sprayed with a dilute solution of PVA prior to full encapsulation. Each pipe will then be wrapped with a layer of Moistened Calico fabric (moistened with water) in a diagonal direction. Once in position, the calico will be carefully coated (applied by brush) with Idenden ET150 encapsulation paint (white) and allowed to dry thoroughly. Upon drying, a further layer of ET150 will be applied and again allowed a suitable drying time until completely dry. Once dry, asbestos warning labels will be affixed at approximately 1 to 2 metre intervals clearly visible and coated with a layer of clear varnish. On completion of the encapsulation works, the areas immediately adjacent the works (and generally within the exclusion zone (enclosure cleaning detailed elsewhere)) will be thoroughly cleaned with a Class H (BS EN 60335), PAS 60-3:2004 vacuum cleaner and tac-rags as necessary and to the satisfaction of the Site Supervisor and / or the on-site analyst. Where pipes at low level are in a position such that they may be subject to accidental impact damage, they may be further encapsulated with a layer of Aluminium ‘Stucco’ pipe cladding fixed and jointed with aluminium rivets.


19.2 Sprayed Asbestos Coatings Note; Works of this nature shall be carried out under fully controlled conditions and within the confines of a properly constructed asbestos enclosure – see section 4

The sprayed asbestos coating will be sprayed with a dilute solution of PVA prior to full encapsulation. Each area of sprayed asbestos coating could then be covered with a layer of Moistened Calico fabric (moistened with water) in a diagonal direction. The use of this material will be fully dependant upon specific client requirements. Where calico fabric is not to be utilised, the area will be carefully coated with ET150 applied by an airless spray as appropriate (Brush for smaller more intricate areas and spray for larger areas) and allowed to dry thoroughly. Once in position, the calico will be carefully coated (applied by brush) with Idenden ET150 encapsulation paint (white) and allowed to dry thoroughly. Upon drying, a further layer of ET150 will be applied and again allowed a suitable drying time until completely dry. Once dry, asbestos warning labels will be affixed at approximately 1 to 2 metre intervals clearly visible and coated with a layer of clear varnish. On completion of the encapsulation works, the areas immediately adjacent the works (and generally within the exclusion zone (enclosure cleaning detailed elsewhere) will be thoroughly cleaned with a Class H (BS EN 60335), PAS 60-3:2004 vacuum cleaner and tac-rags as necessary and to the satisfaction of the Site Supervisor and / or the on-site analyst. Where pipes at low level are in a position such that they may be subject to accidental impact damage, consideration must be given to providing ‘mechanical’ protection and where appropriate this must be recommended to the client.

19.3 Boarding and Sheet Material All asbestos boarding will be sprayed with a dilute solution of PVA prior to full encapsulation. The boarding will then be carefully coated applied by brush or airless spray as appropriate (Brush for smaller more intricate areas and spray for larger areas) with Idenden ET150 encapsulation paint (white) and allowed to dry thoroughly. Upon drying, a further layer of ET150 will be applied and again allowed a suitable drying time until completely dry.


Once dry, asbestos warning labels will be affixed at approximately 1 to 2 metre intervals clearly visible and coated with a layer of clear varnish. On completion of the encapsulation works, the areas immediately adjacent the works (and generally within the exclusion zone (enclosure cleaning detailed elsewhere)) will be thoroughly cleaned with a Class H (BS EN 60335), PAS 60-3:2004 vacuum cleaner and tac-rags as necessary and to the satisfaction of the Site Supervisor and / or the on-site analyst. Where boarding is at low level and in a position such that it may be subject to accidental impact damage, it may be further encapsulated with a layer of suitable building board cladding (such as plywood sheeting etc.,) fixed with ‘liquid nails’ and jointed with a suitable mastic sealant.

20 ASBESTOS STRIPPING TECHNIQUES AND SITUATIONS TO AVOID WHERE POSSIBLE

20.1 Uncontrolled dry stripping The technique involved stripping asbestos-containing materials in its dry state within an enclosure but without any direct controlled to reduce exposure. Exposures resulting from this technique are significantly higher than those from other techniques. This approach places absolute reliance on the effectiveness of the RPE. As the workplace performance of RPE may differ from its specified or tested performance, such as heavy reliance cannot be put on the RPE operating at or close to its design specification.

20.2 Work in hot environments The main purpose of asbestos lagging on pipes and vessels is to prevent the loss of thermal energy to the surrounding environment. If the lagging, or even part of it, is removed, heat will escape and result in an increase on temperature in the surrounding environment. Preventing air movement, as in the case of asbestos stripping enclosures, can make the problem worse. The use of negative pressure equipment alone will not introduce sufficient cool air into the enclosure. Therefore additional measures may be needed to cool the environment. Restricted access to the stripping enclosure may make it difficult to assess the thermal environment, and to establish safe work and rest regimes (such a situation requires a cool rest area and drinking water. The constraints presented by asbestos stripping enclosures, or the location of the items for stripping, may restrict the type of heat protective clothing that can be worn. Difficulties can also be encountered with decontamination of this clothing.


A further risk is that of serious burns or scalds from the unlagged pipes or wetted asbestos. This is an important factor to assess as work, by necessity, is undertaken in close proximity to the hot surfaces and other take place in cramped or difficult working positions. The occupier of the premises where the work take place should be consulted and the work timed to coincide with a period when the plant can be either switched off or the temperature reduced. Where hot working cannot be avoided, it is important to note that most water-based wetting agents do not work at high temperatures. However it is possible to use silicone-based agents. To help reduce heating as the work progresses, you can use ‘sacrificial insulation’, i.e. covering stripped surfaces with a noon-asbestos lagging material. This can be disposed of later as asbestos waste. Where hot working cannot be avoided, it is essential to carefully assess and plan the works. Workers need to be medically checked and monitoring during the work. In addition to this the following methods / equipment can be adopted to reduce the potential effects of heat stress on the personnel undertaking the task Note – Prior to undertaking works in a ‘hot environment’, full consultation shall be made with both the ......................... Health and Safety Department and the HSE Principal Inspector (Asbestos), a Wet Bulb Globe Thermometer (WBGT) test must be carried out by the appointed analyst to assist in the assessment of risk In guidance now withdrawn by the HSE the test readings relate to specific requirements.

>25˚ WBGT - careful selection of personnel must be undertaken i.e. No alcoholics, obese personnel, personnel with skin conditions or personnel who are generally unfit

>27.5˚ WBGT – Implementation of a work / rest regime and provision of a cool rest area

It must be noted that the HSE do not class any ‘Hot Works’ are safe working practice and consequently withdrew the guidance note, and would therefore expect the client to have made all reasonable steps (confirmed in writing) to ensure work in a ‘hot environment’ is avoided with proper planning of works i.e. carrying out works in summer months, installation of temporary hot water supplies etc… The use of industrial ‘chiller units’ placed by the supply intake on the NPU’s, this will introduce chilled air in to the enclosure / work area


The use of ‘Cool Vests’ should be also be considered, this form of PPE is worn next to the skin, underneath disposable overalls, the gel packs contained within the vest are required to be ‘frozen’ prior to use, so consideration must be given with regards to ‘recharging’ the gel packs in a freezer before and after use. The provision of a specially ‘chilled’ rest area with an adequate supply of drinking water should also be considered, as should strictly controlling the amount of time spent in the hot environment and the use of personnel rotation.

21 Removal Techniques for Works Not Normally Requiring a Licence 21.1 Cone Drilling Fibre Suppression A solution of Idenden 30/330 will be applied via a fine mist sprayer to area being worked on. Forming of work area 1000 gauge polythene sheeting will be laid to the floor immediately below the area being drilled. Physical barriers, consisting of barrier tape and warning signs will be applied to each entrance to the room. The holes will be drilled using a low speed drill with a cone attachment fitted to a class ‘H’ (BS EN 60335) vacuum cleaner. 21.2 Removal of Floor Tiles containing Asbestos The immediate area of work will be cordoned off with physical barriers and warning signs "Asbestos Removal Operations, Authorised Access Only" will be posted around the perimeter of the work area, where all the tiles need to be removed from the room(s) a one stage airlock system will be attached to the doorframe of the work area, where an airlock cannot be sited the doorframe will be covered with 1000 gauge polythene sheeting with a double flap and warning signs All Immoveable items within the room(s) will be covered with 1000 gauge polythene sheeting prior to work commencing The area within the barrier will be designated the "Respirator Zone" (see section 4.1). Operatives working within the Respirator Zone will be issued with and required to wear the following PPE.

Disposable Type 5 (BS EN ISO 13982-1), Category 3 (white) overalls


Disposable overshoes

Gloves

Suitable work boots

Respiratory Protective Equipment - Orinasal mask, EN149 with FFP3 filter

Removal will be carried out by carefully lifting the tiles using hand held scrapers or spades, occasionally the need will arise when a hand held 110v breaker with a floor tile lifting blade will be used, a risk assessment will accompany this plan of works Upon removal the tiles will be placed immediately into regulation waste bags and sealed at the neck with adhesive tape the first bag to be red in colour and the second bag clear. The area immediately adjacent to the floor will be visually checked for dust/debris and cleaned as necessary with class 'H' (BS EN 60335) vacuum cleaners and anti-static cloths (tac-rags). The floor area beneath the tiles will be sprayed with a diluted P.V.A. solution on completion of fine cleaning procedures Localised decontamination facilities will be in the form of a bucket of clean water and sponge located at the exit point of the ‘enclosure’ 21.3 Removal of Gaskets Containing Asbestos The immediate area of work will be cordoned off with physical barriers and warning signs "Asbestos Removal Operations, Authorised Access Only" will be posted around the perimeter of the work area. The area within the barrier will be designated the "Respirator Zone". Operatives working within the Respirator Zone will be issued with and required to wear the following PPE



Gloves

Suitable work boots

Respiratory Protective Equipment - Orinasal mask, EN9 with FFP3 filter 1000 gauge polythene sheeting will be laid on the floor to the immediate area around the removal works.


Access will be gained if necessary by use of low level access equipment The Gaskets will be sprayed with Idenden 30/330 dust suppressant prior to disturbance. Removal will be carried out by carefully peeling the gasket from the ducting Flange whilst shadowing the movement with an ‘H’ type vacuum cleaner The areas of ducting where the Gaskets were fixed will be cleaned using wire brushes, hand held scrapers and Tac Rags The area immediately adjacent to the work area will be visually checked for dust/debris and cleaned as necessary with 'H' type vacuum cleaners and anti-static cloths (tac-rags). 21.4 Removal of Asbestos Cement Soffits The immediate area of work will be cordoned off with physical barriers and warning signs "Asbestos Removal Operations, Authorised Access Only" will be posted around the perimeter of the work area. The area within the barrier will be designated the "Respirator Zone". Operatives working within the Respirator Zone will be issued with and required to wear the following PPE



Gloves

Suitable work boots

Respiratory Protective Equipment - Orinasal mask, EN149 with FFP3 filter 1000 gauge polythene sheeting will be laid to the surface immediately below the works being carried out and around all vents and apertures Access will be gained via a suitably constructed and safe working platform (see section 17) The Soffits will be sprayed with a diluted PVA solution prior to disturbance. The Removal will be carried out by carefully removing the securing fixings; any breakages will be kept to a minimum

Upon removal the asbestos sheets will be placed into regulation waste bags, and sealed at the neck with poly cloth tape, the first bag being red and the second clear. Larger items will be wrapped in 1000 gauge polythene sheeting and labelled ‘ASBESTOS WASTE’.


The area immediately below, above and around where the Soffits were fixed will be visually checked for dust/debris and cleaned as necessary with class 'H' (BS EN 60335) vacuum cleaners and anti-static cloths (tac-rags). 21.5 Removal of Asbestos Cement Debris The immediate area of work will be cordoned off with physical barriers and warning signs "Asbestos Removal Operations, Authorised Access Only" will be posted around the perimeter of the work area; in some instances it may be necessary to attach a one stage airlock to the work area. The area within the barrier will be designated the "Respirator Zone". Operatives working within the Respirator Zone will be issued with and required to wear the following PPE



Gloves

Suitable work boots

Respiratory Protective Equipment - Orinasal mask, EN149 with FFP3 filter The debris will be sprayed with a diluted solution of Idenden 30/330 Dust Suppressant prior to disturbance.

Removal works will be carried out by carefully lifting larger pieces of debris by hand, placed into regulation waste bags and sealed at the neck with adhesive tape the first bag to be red in colour and the second bag clear, all other debris will be removed using class ‘H’ (BS EN 60335) vacuum cleaners The area immediately adjacent to the debris will be visually checked for dust/debris and cleaned as necessary with class 'H' (BS EN 60335) vacuum cleaners and anti-static cloths (tac-rags). 21.6 Removal of Asbestos Roof Sheets The immediate area of work will be cordoned off with physical barriers and warning signs "Asbestos Removal Operations, Authorised Access Only" will be posted around the perimeter of the work area. The area within the barrier will be designated the "Respirator Zone".


Operatives working within the Respirator Zone will be issued with and required to wear the following PPE



Gloves

Suitable work boots

Respiratory Protective Equipment - Orinasal mask, EN149 with FFP3 filter The sheets will be sprayed with a diluted P.V.A. solution prior to disturbance. Where practicable physical barriers and warning notices shall be erected to keep unauthorised personnel away from the area below the roof being worked on Access to the roof sheets will be undertaken after an assessment of risk and taking the site conditions in to consideration, for example; If the roof sheets are at high level and above a concrete floor with good access the use of mobile elevated working platforms (MEWP’s) will be the preferred method of accessing the underside of the roof sheets. In the case of poor ground not suitable for the use of MEWP’s a fixed birdcage scaffold should be considered, this properly constructed working platform must be designed to take in to consideration the removal of waste materials that are large, bulky and heavy. Integrating gated loading platforms or hoists in to the design may be a solution. As a last resort alternative means of access, such as crawler boards on fragile roof surfaces may be considered, however they must be used in conjunction with means of limiting the potential distance of fall, safety nets could be used, these must be installed and inspected by trained and competent personnel only. Access to the roof must be both suitable and sufficient; climbing out of MEWP’s on to the roof is not acceptable under any circumstances. Consideration must also be given to protecting all leading edges with suitable handrails to assist in the prevention of falls from height. The use of other fall arrest equipment such as full-body harnesses could also be employed, however before selecting this equipment, consideration must be given to the training and competence of the personnel using the equipment, inspection of the equipment, and the rescue procedures to be adopted should a person fall and become suspended in the equipment, suspension trauma can lead to serious injuries or even the death of the person suspended for periods of time >15mins. Removal will be carried out by carefully removing the securing fixings/bolts using hand tools i.e. bolt croppers/jemmy bars.


Upon removal the sheets will be wrapped immediately with 1000 gauge polythene sheeting, sealed and labelled ‘ASBESTOS WASTE’ smaller pieces debris will be placed into regulation waste bags and sealed at the neck with adhesive tape the first bag to be red in colour and the second bag clear. The area immediately adjacent to the sheets will be visually checked for dust/debris and cleaned as necessary with class 'H' (BS EN 60335) vacuum cleaners and anti-static cloths (tac-rags).

21.7 Textured Decorative Finishes on Plasterboard The requirement to notify and remove textured decorative finishes (Artex) under ‘fully controlled Conditions’ has been removed, in accordance with the Control of Asbestos Regulations 2006, the following techniques will be implemented. Enclosure There is still a requirement for an enclosure to be erected and all pre-cleaning works to be undertaken as carried out previously, however the enclosure will not be required to be under negative pressure. The enclosure shall be fitted with 3 airlocks (1m x 1m x 2m) and where possible, a baglock (1m x 1m x 2m). PPE/RPE All personnel removing textured decorative finishes shall wear the following PPE/RPE. Full-face powered assisted RPE, Red Type 5 (BS EN ISO 13982-1), Category 3 overalls for removal of the ACM, Blue Type 5 (BS EN ISO 13982-1), Category 3 overalls for transiting purposes. White Type 5 (BS EN ISO 13982-1), Category 3 overalls worn in conjunction with Orinasal FFP3 RPE for all pre-cleaning and enclosure dismantling. Adequate time will be allowed for the dust suppressant to take effect. Removal will be carried out by removing the plasterboard ceiling complete using small hand tools, thus eliminating the need for scraping the Artex, which is far less likely to cause disturbance. Upon removal the boarding will be immediately placed into asbestos labeled waste sacks and sealed using bagging tape. All surfaces within the enclosure will be wiped clean using class ‘H’ (BS EN 60335) vacuum cleaners and tac-rags. On completion of the removal works, the enclosure will be thoroughly inspected for dust/debris by the supervisor and a certificate of completion issued to the client /


tenant (in accordance with the Control of Asbestos Regulations 2006 there is no longer a requirement for 4 stage clearance by an independent analytical company) After the visual inspection the enclosure structure will be sprayed with a dilute solution of fibre suppressant, then the enclosure will be carefully dismantled and disposed of as contaminated waste – care will be taken to ensure that no asbestos is present attached to the enclosure e.g. behind timber frame/adhesive tape.

21.8 Textured Decorative Finishes on Concrete The requirement to notify and remove textured decorative finishes (Artex) under ‘fully controlled Conditions’ has been removed, in accordance with the Control of Asbestos Regulations 2006, the following techniques will be implemented. Enclosure There is still a requirement for an enclosure to be erected and all pre-cleaning works to be undertaken as carried out previously, however the enclosure will not be required to be under negative pressure. The enclosure shall be fitted with 3 airlocks (1m x 1m x 2m) and where possible, a baglock (1m x 1m x 2m). PPE/RPE All personnel removing textured decorative finishes shall wear the following PPE/RPE. Full-face powered assisted RPE, Red Type 5 (BS EN ISO 13982-1), Category 3 overalls for removal of the ACM, Blue Type 5 (BS EN ISO 13982-1), Category 3 overalls for transiting purposes. White Type 5 (BS EN ISO 13982-1), Category 3 overalls worn in conjunction with Orinasal FFP3 RPE for all pre-cleaning and enclosure dismantling. Adequate time will be allowed for the dust suppressant to take effect, in addition ‘EX-TEX’ or ‘SI-STRIP’ Artex removal solution will be applied using paint brushes to ‘soften’ the Artex and allow ease of removal. Removal will be carried out by removing the Artex using hand held paint/Artex scrapers (a Stanley Knife type blade) and normal wallpaper scrapers. A second operative will collect the asbestos Artex immediately into an asbestos labeled sack. All surfaces within the enclosure will be wiped clean using class ‘H’ (BS EN 60335) vacuum cleaners and tac-rags. On completion of the removal works, the enclosure will be thoroughly inspected for dust/debris by the supervisor and a certificate of completion issued to the client / tenant (in accordance with the Control of Asbestos Regulations 2006 there is no longer a requirement for 4 stage clearance by an independent analytical company)


After the visual inspection, the enclosure structure will be sprayed with a dilute solution of fibre suppressant then the enclosure will be carefully dismantled and disposed of as contaminated waste – care will be taken to ensure that no asbestos is present attached to the enclosure e.g. behind timber frame/adhesive tape. APPENDIX 1: TYPICAL EXPOSURES DURING WORK WITH ASBESTOS LAGGING, COATING AND ASBESTOS INSULATING BOARD

Technique Typical exposures (f/cm

3)

Comments

Controlled wet stripping of lagging and sprayed coatings

Up to 1 Thorough soaking of the lagging with a wetting agent followed by careful removal

Uncontrolled dry stripping of lagging

1-100 Stripping dry of where dry patches are encountered

Uncontrolled dry stripping of sprayed coatings

Up to 1000 Stripping dry or where patches are encountered

Careful removal of whole AIB boards

Up to 3 Unscrewing (with shadow vacuuming) with the spray application of a wetting agent on unsealed surfaces

Breaking and ripping of AIB 5-20 Carried out dry with no unscrewing

Drilling AIB overhead 5-10 No LEV

Drilling vertical columns 2-5 No LEV

Use of a jig saw on AIB 5-20 No LEV

Hand sawing AIB 5-10 No LEV

Notes

1 Inclusion of a technique does not indicate that it is acceptable (e.g. breaking and ripping out AIB). The concentrations are given to illustrate the high exposures which can result if good work practices are not followed.

2 The exposures quoted are based on measurements take by HSE. The same process in different locations may result in higher or lower concentrations.

3 The exposures relate to the work period and are not calculated as time-weighted averages. 4 Selection of a figure from the tables is not itself an assessment. Consideration should be

given to whether it is reasonably practicable to use methods which give lower values. 5 HSE is in the process of updating these figures.


It is possible to obtain exposures lower than those quoted for controlled stripping techniques. We should therefore not take these figures as representing the lowest reasonably practicable levels, but view them as illustrating how exposures can be reduced. ......................... will therefore always strive to reduce exposure to as low as reasonably practicable. Measurements have shown that, where controlled stripping techniques have been used but not correctly applied, they can lead to high airborne fibre concentrations. Poor wetting is often little better then uncontrolled dry stripping.

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