Safety - Hand Injury Prevention

7/29/2019 Safety - Hand Injury Prevention

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Your Gift From Birth

At birth you are only

giventwo hands

made up of:

2 Thumbs

8 Fingers

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How Important Are Your Hands?

Your hands allow you to perform a variety of tasks that make you a

skilled and valuable worker.

Your hands are an incredibly complex and delicate part of your

body that are very difficult or near impossible to repair.

Without the use of your hands, your WOULD NOT be able to be

employed in mining.

Just imagine the difficulty of life itself you WOULD NOT even be

able to dress yourself, open a door or even pick of up a fork to eat.

What would it be like?3


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Practical Exercise

1. Tuck your thumbs into thepalms of your hands.

2. Now tie your shoe laces.

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Hand Injury

Hand injuries can be associated with:

X Faulty tools

X Broken equipment may be hazardous

X Lack of attention

X Human error

X Incorrect and improper use of tools

X Inadequate risk assessment

X No Job Safety Analysis conducted prior to task

X Lack of training

X No use of PPE

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Why Do Hand Injuries Happen?

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Even when people seem to know of the existence of these

dangers, hand and finger injuries still happen.

People have a mindset about safety.x It wont happen to me!

x I have been doing it that way for years!!

x There isnt a better way.

x It is faster this way.

x I dont need gloves, theyre for girls.

x Peer group pressure!


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Hand Hazards

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Punctures

Extremetemperatures

Cuts

Pinch points

Chemicals

Rotatingequipment

Blood-bornepathogen

Vibratingequipment

Insect bites

Bee stings
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Hand Hazards (Contd...)The following list are some of the hazards associated with our industry:

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Injury Type Examples

Cuts/ Lacerations[on/from sharp objects]

threads, Stanley knives, cutting edges, etc.

Squashing[struck by]

Handling pneumatic tools, hammers,spanners, hydraulic pumps, struck by another

person, struck by falling or movingcomponents

Pinching[caught between]

Between components, stabilising slung parts

Contact with heat or

cold

Hot slag from welding, engine exhausts, tools

in sun, liquid nitrogen

Contact with chemicals Caustic, corrosives such as some coolants,de-fatting occurs when exposed to agentswhich sensitise the skin


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True Story

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Below is an X-Ray of a mechanics right hand. He was

hammering a shipper shaft nut on a hydraulic earthmovingshovel. He was in a man cage at the time and his finger was

caught between the hammer handle and the edge of the cage.


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What is the Key to Prevention?

UNDERSTANDyour task before you start.If you have any doubts, ask questions.

BE AWARE. Recognize the hazards anddangers involved in your job so you can avoidor control them.

THINK for yourself if the procedure for the taskis correct and the best practice.

FEEDBACK to your work mates, friends and

managers your discoveries.

You might just save someone elses finger!

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Be A Visionary!

Ask yourselfWHAT IF?

What will happenIF:

The spanner or the Stanley knife slips?

Is there anything I can hit and cause damage?

Can I cut myself on anything?

Will I slice my mate?

There is something in this hole?

Will my hand become wedged?

Will the machine start up?

There something sharp?

This liquid harmful to my skin or body?

Ask yourselfWhat else can happen?11


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What Can We Do?

Toolbox Meetings

Job Safety Analysis

Hazard Identification & Reporting

Standard Job Procedures Permits to Work

Raise your own level of awareness!

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Pre-Start/Toolbox/Safety Committee Meeting

Raise awareness of hazards by:

Discussing tasks for the day.

Discuss any potential hand hazards.

Ask if anyone knows of any potential hazards.

Encourage investing the time to think through a job.

Ask if anyone identified any hazards during the previousdays at work.

Share information on plans to control hazards withothers in

the group.

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What is a Job Safety Analysis?Definition

A process used to review task methods,identify hazards and develop & specify control

methods to prevent accidents and losses.

It is based on these ideas:

Any job or task can be separated into a

series of relatively easy steps. Potential hazards and risks associated

with each step are identified and evaluated.

Solutions can be developed to control and

eliminate these potential hazards.

Advantages

Good planning tool.

Involves the personnel actually conducting

the task.

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Incorporate Hand Injuries Potential in JSAs

The following are some of the possible outcomes from

conducting routine task without firstly assessing the risk.

Chemicals can cause burns, enter the body via ingestion or

inhalation.

Crushing or Pinching

Cuts and Abrasions

Thermal (Heat, Cold)

Struck by a moving object

Correct Toolingare the appropriate guards in place?

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Is Machine or Tool Guarding Important?

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The grinder did not havea guard on it at the time

of the injury and no PPEwas in use, although

PPE would probably nothave prevented this

injury.

Uponinvestigation itwas discovered

that the grindingwheel was not theright one for the

task beingperformed.


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Unguarded Machinery

X Contact or entanglement with machinery.

X Trapped between machine and material or a fixed structure.

X Being struck by failed parts ejecting from machinery cutting.

X Being struck by projectiles/ materials ejecting frommachinery

X grinding and cutting wheels.

X Other releases of potential energy.

X Ejection of sparks and debris.X Bystanders may be affected by materials and debris exiting

X plant or machinery.

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Machinery Dangers

Parts which move or

transmit power Belts and pulleys

Flywheel & gear wheels

Rotating shafts & spindles

Slides & cams

Chain & sprocket gears

Conveyors

Hydraulic rams

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Parts that do the job

Tools and dies

Various types of blades

Milling cutters

Circular saws

Drills and chucks

Cutting discs

Rollers


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Hazard & Behaviour Identification & Reporting

Incorporate Hand Behaviours and Potential Hand Hazards

in your daily observations.

For example:

Correct use of PPE

Damaged Tools

Correct use of tools

If you see a hazard, fix it if you can, if not report it and

arrange for it to be fixed.

If you see an unsafe behaviour, stop it and discuss it, then

report it (no names, no blame).

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Safe Work Practices with Hand Tools

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Portable Power Tools

-Disconnect power tools when not in use

and before changing bits, blades and

other -accessories.

-Wear anti-vibration gloves when using

power tools that vibrate excessively.

-Never remove guards.-Ground power tools unless double

insulated.

-Dont wear gloves if they can get caught

on rotating parts.

-Secure work on a bench, dont hold it in

your hand.

Shop Tools

-Use a push stick to cut small pieces.

-Unplug or Lockout tools before changing

blades.

Keep tools sharp.

Never remove guards.

Use a drill press vise when drilling dont

hold parts with your hands.
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Bench Grinders

-Dont wear gloves when operating bench

grinders.

-Never remove guards.

-Maintain proper clearances on tool rests

and tongue guards.

-Use vice grips when grinding small parts. Extreme Temperatures

-Use tongs or high-temperature

gloves to handle hot or cold parts

and equipment.

Maintain tool rest

within

1/8 of the wheel

Maintain tongue guard

within

of the wheel

Dont use grinders on aluminum unless the wheel is

specifically intended for use with aluminum!


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Bites and Stings

-Use caution when moving debris piles or

equipment which has been sitting for a

long time.

-Dont stick your hands in holes,

crevasses and other secluded places,

including work boots which have beensitting for awhile.

-Avoid areas where insects nests or

congregate (i.e. garbage cans, stagnant

pool of water, uncovered foods and areas

where flowers are blooming).

Sharp Disposal

-Never dispose used razor blades, broken

glass or other sharp objects in regular

trash cans. Keep a metal can specifically

for disposal of sharp objects.
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Equipment Handling

-Use tag lines.

Wear leather gloves.

Never place your hand on top of the load

or between the load and a fixed object.

Inspect hooks and chain slings before

use.Never hang load from the hook tip, unless

it is designed for that.

Jewelery

-Remove jewelery before using power

tools or working on machines.

-Keep sleeves buttoned.


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PPE Many Gloves for Different Applications

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Neoprene

PolyvinylAlcohol(PVC)

Wire mesh

PolyvinylChloride (PVC)

NitrileNaturalRubber

LeatherKevlar WeldingCottonAnti-vibration
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Which Glove is Best?Glove Uses

Cotton Light duty material handling and cleanup work

Leather Equipment handling, general construction, heavy

cleanup, welding, moderately hot or cold material

handling

Shock absorbing Operating rotary hammers and other vibrating

equipment.

Kevlar or Wire mesh Work with sheet metal, glass, or heavy cutting

These gloves do notprovide puncture protection.

Rubber, nitrile,neoprene, PVC, PVA

and other synthetics

Chemical gloves must be chosen for the specificchemical being used.

Insulated Extreme high and low temperatures


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Chemical Resistant Glove Materials

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Glove material Generally resistant to:

Viton Chlorinated and aromatic solvents

Butyl rubber Aldehydes, ketones, and esters

Neoprene Solvents, acids, caustics, and alcohols

Natural rubber (Latex) Acids and caustics

Polyvinyl chloride Acids, but not solvents

Consult your Safety Department and Manufacturer data for specific applications!


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How Do Chemicals Get In!

Diffusion of a chemical through a

material on a molecular basis.

Chemical enters through zippers,punctures, or seams.

Chemical causes a change in

the physical properties of the material.

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Not All Chemical Gloves are Created Equal!

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Chemical

Glove Material

ButylRubber

NaturalRubber Neoprene Nitrile

PolyvinylAlcohol

PolyvinylChloride

Benzene

Diesel

Gasoline,unleaded

Kerosene

HydrochloricAcid (37%)

Sulfuric Acid(30-70%)

NotRecommended

Caution(1-4 hours)

Recommended

(>4 hours)

Not

Tested

Recommended

(>8 hours)


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Glove Care

Inspect gloves before use for tears, excessive wear and

punctures.

Store in a clean, dry location.

Discard leather and cloth gloves if they become saturated

with oil or other chemicals.

Leak test chemical gloves by sealing the wrist and filling the

glove with air.

- Use a clean plastic tube or low pressure air line not your mouth!

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Glove Sizing

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Distance Size

2 to 2 6 X Small

2 to 3 7 Small

3 to 3 8 Medium

3 to 4 9 Large

4 to 4 10 X Large

4 to 5 11 XX Large


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Hand Care

Avoid washing your hands with solvents, harsh soaps or

abrasives.

Clean and damage all cuts and abrasions.

Immediately remove and imbedded foreign materials.

Wash immediately after using any chemical even if you

did not detect leakage. Pay attention to skin rashes get an immediate medical

evaluation.

Wear cotton gloves under rubber gloves to reduce

sweating.

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Healthy Handwashing

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Types of Hand Injuries

From careless use of machinery or tools.

Hand & fingers get caught, pinned orcrushed in chains, wheels, rollers orgears. They are punctured torn or cut byspiked or jagged tools and edges thatshear or chop.

Results in cut, fractures, punctures andamputations.

Use shields, guards, gloves or safetylocks; handling knives or tools with care;keeping hands, jewelry and clothing awayfrom moving parts.

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Types of Hand Injuries (Contd)

Result from contact with solvents, acid,cleaning solutions, flammable liquids andother substances that can cause burns orinjure tissue.

Result in dermatitis and burns.

For protection, read the correct labels,

use the right glove or barrier cream &wash hands frequently.

Injuries happen when tasks requirerepeated hand movements for long

periods of time.

Manufacturing, assembling or computerwork may lead to these injuries.

Results in carpal tunnel syndrome.

Change your grip, hand position or

motion. If possible, rotate tasks to givehand a rest.36


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Repetitive Motion

Injuries happen when tasks require repeated hand movements forlong periods of time.

Manufacturing, assembling or computer work may lead to these

injuries.

Results in Carpal Tunnel syndrome.

Change your grip, hand position or motion. If possible, rotatetasks to give hand a rest.

Types of Hand Injuries (Contd)


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First AidCuts/Lacerations

Deep Cut:Apply direct pressure to bleeding cut and

elevate hand above the shoulder.

Small Cut:Clean with soap and warm water. Cover with

sterile bandage.

Burns: Immerse in cool water or run cool water over the

affected area for at least 15 minutes. A burn that is charredor blistered requires medical attention.

Fractures: Keep the hand still and seek medicalassistance.

Amputations: Apply pressure to the injured area

immediately. Preserve amputated part in a clean plasticbag and place into ice water or ice. Do not allow amputatedpart to come in contact with the ice directly.

Sprains: Apply cool compresses to reduce pain and

swelling.38


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Amputations:

Apply pressure to the injured area immediately. Preserve amputated

part in a clean plastic bag and place into ice water or ice. Do not

allow amputated part to come in contact with the ice directly.

Sprains:

Apply cool compresses to reduce pain and swelling.

First Aid


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Hand Exercises

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Basic Safety Rules

Recognize hazards!

Think through each job before you begin. Follow safety rules.

Avoid shortcuts.

If accident happens, seek prompt treatment.

Report injuries to your supervisor.

Healthy hands are built to last a lifetime.

Injuries can last a lifetime, too.Be aware of your hand placement and take

precautions to guard them.

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Documents

Safety - Hand Injury Prevention