Russian Revolution1917-1924

PG 68

Intro: Copy the following terms and definitions.Czar: Russian emperorAutocracy: Absolute rule by a single appointed rulerSocialism: A system that advocates the state's ownership of

land, industry and capital. Communism is a branch of socialism.

Marxist: Following the teachings of Karl MarxCivil war: A war between citizens of the same country.Communism: An economic and political system in which

property and goods are owned by the government and products are shared by all.

Dictator: A ruler with total power over a country, typically one who has obtained power by force.

Russification: spread of Russian culture

Obj 3/26/14: SW determine the cause and effect of political revolutions in Europe.

Why Were the People Revolting?85% of people were peasants

Under the last Czar’s leadership- Nicholas IICauses: 1) Lost Russo-Japanese War2) Bloody Sunday 1905 - St. Petersburg

-Army opened fire on peaceful protesters asking for better working conditions

3) Lost 2 mill Russians in WWI-not ready for battle, lacked supplies

Causes of the Russian Revolution

2 RevolutionsMarch 1917

• Czar loses power• Workers rise up• Led by Alexander

Kerensky

November 1917- Bolshevik Revolution

• Led by Vladimir Lenin• He was a

Socialist/Marxist• His people were called

Bolsheviks• Lenin had Nicolas II

family executed

Peace, Land, and Bread• A promise by Lenin to the peoplePeace= withdrew from WWI and gave up some

landLand and Bread= Lenin divided up farms and

factories –upset the wealthy (Kulaks)

• This led to a civil war

Peace, Land, and Bread

Analyze the Cartoon

1. Who is the person in the cartoon?

2. What is he doing?

Russian Civil War 1918-1921• Bolshevik Red Army vs. White Army• Fighting, famine, disease led to 10-15 million

deaths• Red army, led by Lenin, won civil war• The Bolshevik Party becomes the Communist

Party– Bolshevik means “of the majority”

Communist Party

Countries of the world now (red) or previously (orange) which were led by communist (Marxist-

Leninist) governments

Communist Party Beliefs• Central banking system• Government controlled education• Government controlled labor• Government ownership of transportation and

communication vehicles• Government ownership of agricultural means and

factories• Total abolition of private property• Property rights confiscation• Heavy income tax on everyone• Elimination of rights of inheritance• Regional planning

USSR• Union of Soviet Socialist Republics– AKA Soviet Union

• A nation of Eurasia from 1922-1991• Was world’s most powerful Communist country• Made up of 15 republics – controlled by central

government• Russification=spread of Russian culture

The Sound of Stalin

REVIEW Video

Animal Farm

• Animal Farm is an allegorical novel by George Orwell

• Satire on the corrupting influence of power• The book reflects events leading up to the

Russian Revolution of 1917 and then on into the Stalin era in the Soviet Union.

SynopsisA successful

farmyard revolution by the resident animals

vs. the farmer goes horribly wrong when

corrupt pigs hijack it for their

personal gain.

Animal Farm Comparison