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Rothschild & Co
Annual Report 2017
Half-year financial reportSix months to 30 June 2018
Half-year activity report 3
Condensed half-year consolidated financial statement
15
Statutory Auditors’ review on the half-year consolidated financial information
72
Persons responsible for the half-year
financial report
73
About Rothschild & Co
74
Contents
2
1. Corporate governance
In April 2018, the Group announced the appointment of Alexandre de Rothschild as Executive Chairman of
Rothschild & Co Gestion, Rothschild & Co’s Managing Partner. This followed the nomination of David de
Rothschild as Chairman of Rothschild & Co’s Supervisory Board. These changes took place on 17 May 2018.
The Group subsequently appointed François Pérol as a Managing Partner of Rothschild & Co Gestion. As of 1
September 2018, he and Robert Leitão, Managing Partner, became Co-Chairmen of the Group Executive
Committee (GEC). The composition of the GEC has been reorganised and is now supported by a Group
Operating Committee, led by Mark Crump, Group Chief Financial Officer, who will also take on the role of
Group Chief Operating Officer.
2. Summary Consolidated Income Statement
The Supervisory Board of Rothschild & Co SCA met on 25 September 2018 to review the consolidated
financial statements from 1 January 2018 to 30 June 2018; these accounts had been previously approved by
Rothschild & Co Gestion SAS, Managing Partner of Rothschild & Co.
As a result of the change in the financial year end in 2017, the statutory reporting for half-year results covers
the six months to June 2018 with comparatives for the six months to September 2017. To enable a better
understanding of the results, the press release presents the results for the six months to June 2018 with
comparatives for the six months to June 2017. The detailed statutory accounts are available in a separate
document, named “Half-year Financial report”, that contains the results with both sets of comparatives.
1 Diluted EPS is €2.10 (H1 2017: €1.28)
An analysis of Exceptional items and a presentation of Alternative Performance Measures are shown respectively in
Appendix B and Appendix G.
(in €m) Page 6m to June
2018
6m to June
2017Var Var %
Revenue 3 - 5 1,007 896 111 12%
Staff costs 6 (583) (497) (86) (17)%
Administrative expenses 6 (150) (156) 6 4%
Depreciation and amortisation (14) (16) 2 13%
Impairments 6 1 (10) 11 110%
Operating Income 261 217 44 20%
Other income / (expense) (net) 6 1 9 (8) (89)%
Profit before tax 262 226 36 16%
Income tax 7 (36) (41) 5 12%
Consolidated net income 226 185 41 22%
Non-controlling interests 7 (65) (88) 23 26%
Net income - Group share 161 97 64 66%
Exceptionals 9 3 8 (5) (63)%
Net income - Group share excl.
exceptionals164 105 59 56%
Earnings per share 2.14 € 1.31 € 0.83 € 63%
EPS excl. exceptionals 2.18 € 1.41 € 0.77 € 55%
Return On Tangible Equity (ROTE) 19.0% 13.6%
ROTE excl. exceptionals 19.4% 14.8%
Half-year activity report
3
active, ranking 1 in Europe and 3 globally by numbers of completed Restructuring transactions
3. Business activities
3.1 Global Advisory
Our Global Advisory business focuses on providing advice in the areas of M&A and strategic advisory, and
Financing Advisory encompassing Debt Advisory, Restructuring and Equity Advisory.
For the first half of 2018, Global Advisory delivered excellent first six months revenue of €636 million, up
15% compared to the same period last year (H1 2017: €554 million). For the last twelve months to June 2018,th th
the business ranked 4 by global financial advisory revenue, up from 6 position based on the same measure as at December 2017.
Excluding ongoing investment in the development of our North American M&A franchise, operating income for the first half of 2018 was €117 million, representing an operating income margin of 18.4% (H1 2017:
20.0%). The operating income margin for the period continues to be towards the top end of our target range over the cycle, albeit down from the same period last year. The twelve months to December 2017 operating
income margin provides a more representative comparative at 17.8%.
Including investment in North America M&A, the operating income for H1 2018 was €107 million, representing
an operating income margin of 16.8% (H1 2017: 17.5% - 2017: 15.7%).
stIn M&A advisory, we are outperforming compared to the overall M&A market, ranking 1 globally and in Europe by number of completed transactions1 in first half of 2018. M&A advisory delivered excellent six months revenue of €490 million, up 33% compared to H1 2017. This was driven by some large advisory fees and strong revenue performance in our UK business and our continental European businesses, where we
have advised clients on some of the largest and most complex M&A transactions completed during the period.
Financing Advisory revenue was down by 21% to €146 million in the first half of 2018 compared to the same
stage in 2017, which was a record for Financing Advisory revenue. Despite this, we continued to be highlyst rd 2
during the first half of 2018 and maintaining our position as adviser on more European equity capital market assignments than any other independent financial adviser3.
The quality of our people is our principal competitive advantage and we continue to add to and strengthen our senior team. During the first six months of 2018, we reinforced our US Industrials sector coverage with the recruitment of two new Managing Directors and hired a new head of our global advisory business in Greater China.
Global Advisory advised the following clients on significant advisory assignments that completed in the six months to June 2018:
Westfield on its combination with Unibail-Rodamco (€61 billion, Australia and France)
Bayer on its all-cash offer to acquire Monsanto (US$66 billion, Germany and United States)
Zodiac Aerospace on its combination with Safran (€35 billion, France)
Melrose Industries on its hostile cash and share offer for GKN (£8.1 billion, UK)
A.P. Moller-Maersk on its sale of Maersk Oil to Total (US$7.45 billion, Denmark and France)
Energy Future (adviser to second lien creditors) on its restructuring (US$41.8 billion, United States)
In addition, we are working on some of the largest and most complex announced transactions globally,
including acting as financial advisor to:
The Coca-Cola Company on its acquisition of Costa Coffee (US$5.1 billion, United States and UK)
Prudential on its demerger into Prudential and M&G Prudential (£47 billion, UK)
Essilor on its combination with Luxottica (€47 billion, France and Italy)4
1 Source : Thomson Reuters. Excludes accountancy firms
2 Source : Thomson Reuters
3 Source: Dealogic
4 Completed in Q3 2018
4
Alstom on its combination with Siemens Mobility to create Siemens Alstom (€13 billion, France and
Germany)
Pinnacle Foods on its sale to Conagra Brands (US$10.9 billion, United States)
(US$100Government of Puerto Rico on its restructuring of financial claims and pension obligations
billion, United States)
For further examples of Global Advisory assignments completed during 2018, please refer to Appendix F.
3.2 Wealth & Asset Management
Wealth & Asset Management is made up of Rothschild Martin Maurel in France and Monaco, our Wealth Management businesses in Switzerland, the UK, Belgium, Germany, Italy and Asia, and our Asset Management business in North America.
For the first half of 2018, revenue was €261 million, up 3% (H1 2017: €254 million) mainly due to organic growth in all the geographies.
Following a number of initiatives undertaken over the last two years to build revenue, cut costs and refocus the business on its core activities, we have seen growth in profitability of 21% with operating income, excluding Martin Maurel integration costs of €5 million, rising to €49 million for the first half of 2018 (H1 2017: €40 million excluding Martin Maurel integration costs of €12 million). This represents a 19% operating margin (H1 2017:
16%), close to our 2020 target of 20%.
The operational integration, following the merger of the two private banks in France of Rothschild & Co and Martin Maurel Group in 2017, is progressing as anticipated and will be finalised by the end of 2018. In addition, we bought out the 45% minority position of Banca Sella in the Monaco subsidiary of Martin Maurel in January 2018 for €14 million.
Assets under Management amounted to €68.9 billion as at 30 June 2018 (31 December 2017: €67.3 billion)
thanks to strong net inflows of €2.0 billion slightly offset by a market depreciation and exchange rate effects of
€0.4 billion. Net new assets were driven by inflows in Wealth Management across all major geographies of
€1.9 billion and of €0.1 billion in Asset Management.
The table below presents the progress in Assets under Management (AuM).
In € billion 6m to
June 2018
6m to
June 2017
12m to
June 2018
AuM opening 67.3 54.0 66.8
Martin Maurel merger 10.0
Net new assets 2.0 1.3 2.4
Market and exchange rate (0.4) 1.5 (0.3)
AuM closing 68.9 66.8 68.9
3.3 Merchant Banking
Merchant Banking is the investment arm of the Rothschild & Co Group which deploys the firm’s and third parties’ capital in private equity and debt opportunities.
Merchant Banking continued to perform strongly during the first half of 2018 generating revenue of €105
million up 57% (H1 2017: €67 million). When compared to the average first half year revenue for the last
three years, revenue is up 72%.
Revenue comprises two main sources:
Recurring revenue of €36 million includes management fees net of placement fees (H1 2017: €28 million),
Investment performance related revenue of €69 million (H1 2017: €39 million) comprised:
– €24 million of carried interest (H1 2017: €13 million),
– and €45 million of realised and unrealised investment gains and dividends (H1 2017: €26 million).
5
Operating income rose to €71 million for the first half of 2018 (H1 2017: €36 million), representing a 68%
operating margin (H1 2017: 54%).
To measure the performance of this investing business, we look at the RORAC (Return On Risk Adjusted
Capital - being adjusted profit before tax divided by an internal measure of risk capital invested in the business
on a rolling three years basis). As at 30 June 2018, RORAC was 28% (30 June 2017: 24%).
The increase of revenue and operating income reflects both the continuing strong performance of funds in
terms of value creation, as well as the growth in management fees driven by the rising level of Assets under
Management (AuM). Investment performance was particularly strong in the Five Arrows Principal Investments
(FAPI) business line (European primary corporate private equity) which continued to generate significant
returns both in terms of investment income and carried interest. Management fees have grown 34% following
the growth in number of funds and AuM. As the Merchant Banking business continues to mature, we expect
this revenue category to increase its share of our revenue mix, providing a stronger flow of recurring income.
The alignment of interests between the Group and third party investors remains a key differentiator of our
Merchant Banking business. During the first half of 2018 the Group’s share of the investment made by the
division amounted to €51 million, of which €46 million was the Group’s own investments in funds managed by
Merchant Banking and €5 million were invested in proprietary investments (including those made as part of the
Rothschild Private Opportunities co-investment programme).
Disposals generated proceeds of €61 million for the Group mainly driven by the FAPI I disposal of Datix, a
global leader in patient safety and risk management solutions (4.5x MOIC1) and the dividend recapitalisation of
The Binding Site, a specialist provider of tests for the detection of cancers. In the final part of the second
quarter 2018 other significant disposals of the FAPI I investment portfolio have been agreed albeit with closing
dates set in the third quarter (Prospitalia, a leading German provider of purchasing and software solutions for
the healthcare industry - 8.0x MOIC, Forno d’Asolo, an Italian frozen bakery manufacturer - 3.9x MOIC and
Etanco, a French supplier of mechanical fasteners - 1.4x MOIC). Portfolio valuations as at 30 June 2018
reflect the agreed exit values, whereas proceeds (including carried interest payments) will occur in the second
half of 2018.
Evolution in asset value of the Group’s Merchant Banking assets
1 MOIC stands for Multiple On Invested Capital
411
24
63 (55)
443
115
27
2 (6)
138
52651
65
(61)
581
Asset value31 Dec 2017
Additions Value creation Disposals Asset value30 June 2018
Private Equity Private Debt
in € million 30 June 2018 31 December 2017
Managed private funds 441 386
Rothschild proprietary investments & other 140 140
Total gross assets 581 526
6
Thanks to the team’s strong track record in private equity and private debt, the division continues to expand.
Starting from 2017 and through the first half of 2018, Merchant Banking has been actively expanding its
geographical footprint launching Five Arrows Capital Partners (FACP), the first generation primary private
equity fund focused on the North American market. FACP's investment strategy is focused on high-quality,
lower middle-market companies across the United States and Canada valued between $75 million to $500
million. Investments are primarily focused in three industry segments: Healthcare & Education, Business
Services and Data, Software & Technology-enabled Services which have the potential to provide significant
room for value creation with a balanced risk exposure. The fund has recently completed its fundraising phase
reaching $655 million, in excess of its original target, from a globally diversified group of both new and existing
investors including financial institutions, family offices, corporates and private clients. The Group invested
alongside third-party investors in line with Merchant Banking strategy.
In the first half of 2018, in addition to FACP, Merchant Banking expanded its private debt and credit
management franchises, with:
the final closing of Five Arrows Direct Lending (FADL) at €655 million, European unitranche debt facilities;
the first closing of Elsinore (€63 million), a multi-strategy credit fund,
and the launch of Oberon USA (AuM of €75 million as at 30 June 2018), an open-ended fund investing in
US senior secured loans.
The division also continued to expand its CLO base, finalising the Contego V vehicle at €400 million and launching two new CLO vehicles in the European and US market (Contego VI and Ocean Trails VII).
Merchant Banking’s assets under management were €9.3 billion as at 30 June 2018 compared to €8.3 billion as at 31 December 2017.
4. Consolidated financial results
4.1 Revenue
For H1 2018, revenue was €1,007 million (H1 2017: €896 million), representing an increase of €111 million or +12%.
The uplift was largely due to Global Advisory and Merchant Banking where revenue increased respectively by
€82 million and €38 million. The translation impact of exchange rate fluctuations impacted revenue negatively
by €29 million.
4.2 Operating expenses
4.2.1 Staff costs
For H1 2018, staff costs were €583 million (H1 2017: €497 million), representing an increase of €86 million, largely due to higher variable compensation in connection with excellent revenues in Global Advisory. The translation impact of exchange rate fluctuations resulted in a decrease in staff costs of €21 million.
The adjusted Group’s compensation ratio, as defined in the Appendix G on Alternative Performance Measures, was 62.2% as at 30 June 2018 (H1 2017: 62.0%). When adjusting for the effects of senior hiring in
the US for the advisory business, and exchange rates, the ratio is 61.1% (H1 2017: 60.8%).
Overall Group headcount increased from 3,502 as at 31 December 2017 to 3,570 as at 30 June 2018, largely
due to new junior staff recruitment and hires in the US.
4.2.2 Administrative expenses
For H1 2018, administrative expenses were €150 million (H1 2017: €156 million), a net decrease of €6 million mainly due to the reduction of Martin Maurel integration costs (€5 million for H1 2018 versus €12 million for H1 2017). The translation impact of exchange rate fluctuations resulted in a decrease in administrative expenses of €4 million.
7
4.2.3 Depreciation and amortisation
For H1 2018, depreciation and amortisation was €14 million (H1 2017: €16 million), representing a decrease of
€2 million. The translation impact of exchange rate fluctuations resulted in a decrease in depreciation and amortisation of €1 million.
4.2.4 Impairment charges and loan provisions
For H1 2018, impairment charges and loan provisions were a credit of €1 million (H1 2017: charge of €10
million) due to a reassessment of certain credit risks.
4.3 Other income / (expenses)
For H1 2018, other income and expenses, which include results from equity accounted companies and gains / losses on disposal of subsidiaries and associates, was a net income of €1 million (H1 2017: income of €9 million). The decrease mainly results from a one-off gain of €3 million in H1 2017 relating to the Martin Maurel merger and a central impairment charge of €4 million in H1 2018.
4.4 Income tax
For H1 2018, the income tax charge was €36 million (H1 2017: €41 million) comprising a current tax charge of
€26 million and a deferred tax charge of €10 million, giving an effective tax rate of 13.8% (H1 2017: 18.2%).
4.5 Non-controlling interests
For H1 2018, the charge for Non-controlling interests was €65 million (H1 2017: €88 million). This mainly comprises interest on perpetual subordinated debt and preferred dividends payable to French partners that
decreased over the period in line with the performance of the French Global Advisory business.
5. Financial structure
The Group continues to maintain a high level of liquidity. As at 30 June 2018, total liquid assets as a percentage of total assets was 61% (59% at 31 December 2017).
The Group is regulated by the French Prudential and Resolution Authority (ACPR: Autorité de Contrôle Prudentiel et de Résolution) as a financial company (Compagnie Financière).
From January 2018, Tier 2 capital is no longer recognised (€64 million in December 2017 ratio). The capital ratios include the benefit of the group profits for the 6 months to June 2018 less foreseeable dividend for that period as approved by the ACPR.
The ratios set out below, under full application of the Basel 3 rules, are comfortably above the minimum requirement:
30/06/2018 31/12/2017
Full Basel 3 minimum with the CCB
(Capital Conservation Buffer)
Common Equity Tier 1 ratio 20.9% 18.7% 7.0%
Global solvency ratio 20.9% 19.5% 10.5%
6. Edmond de Rothschild
In June 2018, Rothschild & Co reached an agreement with Edmond de Rothschild on the use of their
respective brands. On 6 August 2018, the two groups also unwound all of their cross shareholdings. These
mainly included:
8.4% of the capital of Edmond de Rothschild held by Rothschild Holding AG (Rothschild & Co's holding
company in Switzerland),
9.5% of the capital of Rothschild Holding AG held by Edmond de Rothschild ; and
5.7% of the capital of Rothschild & Co held by Edmond de Rothschild (4.4 million of shares).
To implement these transactions, Edmond de Rothschild delivered 1.9 million Rothschild & Co shares to
Rothschild Holding AG as settlement for the difference in value in respect of the investments in Edmond de
8
Rothschild and in Rothschild Holding AG. Rothschild & Co purchased the remaining 2.5 million Rothschild &
Co shares held by Edmond de Rothschild for €75 million in cash. The Edmond de Rothschild and Rothschild &
Co shares were valued on the basis of their market values (respectively CHF17,000 and €30).
The impact of these transactions on a pro forma basis would be to reduce the CET1 ratio as at 30 June 2018
from 20.9% to 19.5%. Further, they will have a mildly accretive effect on earnings per share in the short term.
7. Outlook
In Global Advisory, although the value of announced deals increased in the first half of 2018, completions for
both number and value of deals continued to decline. Despite this trend, we have succeeded in gaining market
share during the first half of the year as evidenced by the improvement in our revenue ranking. We expect
healthy activity levels during the rest of 2018, similar to 2017, although the Group remains alert to the risk of
volatility. Our focus remains on growing the business, particularly our North American M&A franchise whose
revenue has been increasing as a result of ongoing investment and where we foresee strong potential for
growth.
Wealth & Asset Management is well positioned to deliver net asset inflows and improving profitability. Our
strategy of focussing on our core target markets, leveraging our network and targeting entrepreneurs is
bearing fruit across our geographies. In France, the operational integration of Martin Maurel is on track to be
finalised by the end of the year.
Merchant Banking is committed to continuing its assets under management growth trajectory and its
contribution to the Group’s results. Within private equity funds, the division will be focused on the deployment
of the recently closed North American primary private equity fund while starting the fundraising activities for
our third generation primary equity fund in Europe. Within private debt, the focus will be on deploying capital,
whereas in credit management we plan to expand our portfolio of institutional clients, with dedicated
investment mandates focused on senior secured loans and credit strategies. Our portfolios’ performance
remains strong but, consistent with our investment philosophy, we remain cautious in our capital deployment
decisions, focusing on attractive risk-reward opportunities with appropriate downside protection features.
The first half results were very strong and included some large advisory fees and value accretions in Merchant
Banking which are unlikely to be repeated in the second half. Further, if financial markets remain uncertain
due to macro events through the second half of 2018 that could impact market sentiment with a negative effect
on our businesses. However, provided markets continue to be benign, we would expect our annual results to
improve reasonably compared to 2017.
9
A. Performance by business
1 IFRS reconciliation mainly reflects: the treatment of profit share paid to French partners as non-controlling interests; accounting for
deferred bonuses over the period that they are earned; the application of IAS 19 for defined benefit pension schemes; a central impairment provision in Other income / (expenses) from other assets and reallocation of impairments and certain operating income and expenses.
B. Exceptional items
(in €m)Global
Advisory
Wealth & Asset
Management
Merchant
Banking
Other
businesses and
corporate centre
IFRS
reconciliation 1
6m to June
2018
Revenue 636 261 105 15 (10) 1,007
Operating expenses (529) (217) (34) (30) 63 (747)
Impairments - - - - 1 1
Operating income 107 44 71 (15) 54 261
Other income / (expense) - - - - 1 1
Profit before tax 107 44 71 (15) 55 262
Exceptional charges / (profits) - 5 - - - 5
PBT excluding exceptional
charges / profits107 49 71 (15) 55 267
Operating margin % 17% 19% 68% - - 27%
(in €m)Global
Advisory
Wealth & Asset
Management
Merchant
Banking
Other
businesses and
corporate centre
IFRS
reconciliation 1
6m to June
2017
Revenue 554 254 67 17 4 896
Operating expenses (457) (226) (31) (32) 77 (669)
Impairments - - - - (10) (10)
Operating income 97 28 36 (15) 71 217
Other income / (expense) - - - - 9 9
Profit before tax 97 28 36 (15) 80 226
Exceptional charges / (profits) - 12 - - - 12
PBT excluding exceptional
charges / profits97 40 36 (15) 80 238
Operating margin % 18% 16% 54% - - 27%
(in €m)
PBT PATMI EPS PBT PATMI EPS
Results as reported 262 161 2.14 € 226 97 1.31 €
Exceptional items
- Martin Maurel integration costs (5) (3) (0.04) € (12) (8) (0.10) €
Total exceptional (Costs) / Gains (5) (3) (0.04) € (12) (8) (0.10) €
Results excluding Exceptionals 267 164 2.18 € 238 105 1.41 €
6m to June
2018
6m to June
2017
10
C. Summary Consolidated Balance sheet
The foreign exchange translation effect between 30 June 2018 and 31 December 2017 has no material effect
on the balance sheet.
D. FX rates
(in €bn) 30/06/2018 31/12/2017
Cash and amounts due from central banks 4.9 3.9
Loans and advances to banks 1.9 1.7
Loans and advances to customers 3.0 3.0
of which Private client lending 2.5 2.4
Debt and equity securities 2.1 2.1
Other assets 1.4 1.4
Total assets 13.3 12.1
Due to customers 9.3 7.8
Other liabilities 1.6 1.9
Shareholders' equity - Group share 2.0 1.9
Non-controlling interests 0.4 0.5
Total capital and liabilities 13.3 12.1
Rates6m to June
2018
6m to June
2017Var
€ / GBP 0.8798 0.8602 2%
€ / CHF 1.1649 1.0776 8%
€ / USD 1.2062 1.0936 10%
P&L
Rates 30/06/2018 31/12/2017 Var
€ / GBP 0.8843 0.8877 (0)%
€ / CHF 1.1593 1.1702 (1)%
€ / USD 1.1670 1.2008 (3)%
Balance sheet
11
E. Quarterly progression of revenue
In €m 2018
2017
Var
Global Advisory
1st quarter 261.7 328.2 (20%)
2nd
quarter 374.4 225.4 +66%
Total 636.1 553.6 +15%
Wealth & Asset Management
1st quarter 131.0 128.3 +2%
2nd
quarter 130.4 125.6 +4%
Total 261.4 253.9 +3%
Merchant Banking
1st quarter 25.2 19.5 +29%
2nd
quarter 79.8 47.5 +68%
Total 105.0 67.0 +57%
Other businesses and corporate
centre
1st quarter 6.9 3.5 +97%
2nd
quarter 8.3 13.5 (39%)
Total 15.2 17.0 (11%)
IFRS reconciliation
1st quarter (4.7) 7.7 (161%)
2nd
quarter (6.5) (3.5) +86%
Total (11.2) 4.2 N/A
Total Group
Revenue
1st
quarter 420.1 487.2 (14%)
2nd
quarter 586.4 408.5 +44%
Total 1,006.5 895.7 +12%
F. Global Advisory track record
Global Advisory advised the following clients on notable transactions completed in the six months to 30
June 2018.
M&A and strategic advisory
Accor Hotels, the leading travel group, on its disposal of a majority stake in AccorInvest (€6.25
billion, France)
Kering, the luxury fashion brand group, on its distribution of a 70% stake in PUMA (€5.1 billion,
France and Germany)
Informa, the events and publishing company, on its combination with UBM (£4.3 billion, UK)
PAI Partners and British Columbia Investment Management Corporation on its public-to-private
acquisition of Refresco, the independent bottler of soft drinks for retailers (€3.3 billion, Netherlands)
3i Group on its disposal of a 65% stake in Scandlines, the ferry operator servicing routes between
Germany and Denmark (€2.5 billion, Germany)
ITALO, the largest private European high-speed railway operator, on its dual track IPO and sale
process leading to its sale to Global Infrastructure Partners (€2.4 billion, Italy)
12
Baupost, a hedge fund, on its acquisition of assets relating to Westinghouse Electric Company from
Toshiba Corporation (US$2.26 billion, United States and Japan)
Allianz, the leading insurer and asset manager, on its minority shareholders buy-out of Euler
Hermes (€1.85 billion, Germany and France)
Ferguson, the world's largest trade distributor of plumbing and heating products, on its sale of
STARK to Lone Star (€1.03 billion, UK and Denmark)
SK Capital on its acquisition of Israel Chemical’s fire safety and oil additives business units (US$1
billion, Israel)
Financing Advisory
EG Group, the largest independent forecourt and convenience store retailer in Europe, on its cross-
border refinancing (€3.5 billion, UK)
Empresas ICA, Mexico's largest infrastructure company, on its in-court restructuring and capital
raise
(US$3.4 billion, US$215 million, respectively, Mexico)
Greece’s Public Debt Management Agency on its seven year bond issuance with a 3.375% coupon
(€3 billion, Greece)
OCI, the fertilizer and industrial chemicals company, on its recapitalisation, including High Yield
Bond and credit facility (US$2.2 billion, Netherlands)
Republic of Cote d'Ivoire on its dual-tranche 12 & 30 year EUR denominated Eurobond (€1.7 billion,
Ivory Coast)
Société des hydrocarbures du Tchad, the state-owned oil company of the Republic of Chad, on its
oil-backed loan restructuring (US$1.3 billion, Chad)
CEVA, the supply chain management company, on its IPO on the SIX Swiss Exchange (US$890
million, Switzerland)
Avast, the antivirus security software company, on its IPO on the London Stock Exchange (£692
million, Czech Republic)
Corporacion America Airports, the largest private sector airport concession operator in the world, on
its IPO on the New York Stock Exchange (US$486 million, Argentina)
13
G. Alternative performance measures (APM) - Article 223-1 of the AMF’s General Regulation
Alternative
Performance
Measures
Definition Reason for use Reference to the
data in the Press
release / Investor
presentation
Net income – Group share excluding exceptionals
Net income attributable to equity holders excluding exceptional items To measure Net result Group share of Rothschild & Co excluding exceptional items of a significant amount
In the Press release, please refer to Appendix B.
EPS excluding exceptionals
EPS excluding exceptional items To measure Earnings per share excluding exceptional items of a significant amount
In the Press release, please refer to Appendix B.
Adjusted compensation ratio
Ratio between adjusted staff costs divided by consolidated Net Banking Income of Rothschild & Co.
Adjusted staff costs represent:
1. staff costs accounted in the income statement (which include the effects of accounting for deferred bonuses over the period in which they are earned as opposed to the “awarded” basis),
2. to which must be added the amount of profit share paid to the French partners,
3. from which must be deducted redundancy costs, revaluation of share-based employee liabilities and business acquisition costs treated as employee compensation under IFRS,
- which gives Total staff costs in calculating the basic compensation ratio
4. from which the investment costs related to the recruitment of senior bankers in the United States must be deducted,
5. the amount of adjusted staff costs is restated by the exchange rate effect to offset the exchange rate fluctuations from one year to the next one,
- which gives the adjusted staff costs for compensation ratio.
To measure the proportion of Net Banking Income granted to all employees.
Key indicator for competitor listed investment banks.
Rothschild & Co calculates this ratio with adjustments to give the fairest and closest calculation to the one used by other comparable listed companies.
Please refer:
- in the Press release
to § 4.2 Operating expenses / Staff costs and
- in the Investor presentation to slide 27
Return on Tangible Equity (ROTE) excluding exceptional items
Ratio between Net income - Group share excluding exceptional items and
average tangible equity Group share over the period.
Tangible equity corresponds to total equity Group share less intangible assets
and goodwill.
Average tangible equity over the period equal to the average between tangible equity as at 31 December 2017 and 30 June 2018.
To measure the overall
profitability of Rothschild & Co excluding exceptional items on the equity capital in the business
In the Investor
presentation release, please refer to slide 37
Business Operating margin
Each Business Operating margin is calculated by dividing Profit before tax relative to revenue, business by business.
It excludes exceptional items.
To measure business’ profitability
Please refer to § 3
Return on Risk Adjusted Capital (RORAC)
Ratio of an adjusted profit before tax divided by an internal measure of risk
adjusted capital deployed in the business on a rolling 3-year basis.
The estimated amount of capital and debt which management believes would
be reasonable to fund the Group’s investments in Merchant Banking products is
consistent with its cautious approach to risk management. Based on the mix of
its investment portfolio as of the reporting dates, management believes that this
“risk-adjusted capital” (RAC) amounts to c. 70% of the Group’s investments net
asset value and that the remainder could be funded by debt. This percentage
broadly represents the weighted average of 80% for equity exposures, 50% for
junior credit exposures, 40% for CLO exposures in vertical strips and 33% for
senior credit exposures.
To calculate the RORAC, Merchant Banking profit before tax is adjusted by a
notional 2.5% cost of debt, computed as per the above (i.e. 30% of the Group’s
investments NAV), divided by the RAC.
Disclosed RORAC is calculated on a 3-year rolling period average to account for the inevitable volatility in the financial results of the business, primarily
relating to investment income and carried interest recognition.
To measure the performance of
the Merchant Banking business
In the Investor presentation release, please refer to slide 37
14
Consolidated balance sheet as at 30 June 2018 18
Consolidated income statement for the six months ended 30 June 2018 19
Statement of comprehensive income for the six months ended 30 June 2018 20
Consolidated statement of changes in equity for the six months ended 30 June 2018 21
Cash flow statement for the six months ended 30 June 2018 22
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 23
Condensed half-year consolidated financial statement
15
Abbreviations and glossary
Term DefinitionACPR Autorité de Contrôle Prudentiel et de Résolution (French Prudential and Resolution Authority)
AFS Available for sale
bp Basis point
Category 1/2/3/4/5 Classification of credit risk rating by the Group, explained in section 5.2.1
CFMM Compagnie Financière Martin Maurel
CGU Cash-generating Unit
Company Rothschild & Co SCA
CRD4 Capital Requirements Directive 4
DCF Discounted cash flow
EAD Exposure at default (IFRS 9)
ECL
EdRS Edmond de Rothschild (Suisse) SA
Equity Scheme
FVOCI Fair value through other comprehensive income
FVTPL Fair value through profit or loss
GA Global Advisory (business segment)
GEC Group Executive Committee
GFSC Guernsey Financial Services Commission
Group Rothschild & Co SCA consolidated group
IFRS International Financial Reporting Standards
LCR Liquidity Coverage Ratio
Level 1/2/3 IFRS 13 fair value classifications, explained in section 5.5.1
LGD Loss given default (IFRS 9)
Lombard lending Lending secured against portfolios of securities
LTV Loan to value
Managing Partner Rothschild & Co Gestion SAS (the gérant )
MB / Merchant Banking Merchant Banking (business segment)
NCI Non-controlling interest
NMR N M Rothschild & Sons Limited
NMROP N M Rothschild & Sons Limited overseas pension fund
NMRP N M Rothschild & Sons Limited pension fund
OCI Other comprehensive income
PCL Private Client Lending (business line)
PD Probability of default (IFRS 9)
POCI Purchased or originated credit-impaired financial asset
R&Co Rothschild & Co SCA
R&Co Gestion Rothschild & Co Gestion SAS (the gérant /Managing Partner)
RBI Rothschild Bank International Limited
R&Co operates a scheme for certain senior staff where participants are required to invest in R&Co shares and for each share owned they are granted four share options.
Expected credit loss (IFRS 9), which can be measured on either a 12-month basis (12m ECL) or a lifetime basis (lifetime ECL)
16
Term DefinitionRBZ Rothschild Bank AG Zurich
RBZP Rothschild Bank AG Zurich pension funds
RCB Rothschild & Compagnie Banque SCS
RHAG Rothschild Holding AG
RMM Rothschild Martin Maurel SCS
SICR Significant increase in credit risk
SPPI Solely payments of principal and interest (IFRS 9)
Stage 1/2/3 IFRS 9 credit quality assessments, explained in section 5.2.2
Supervisory Board Rothschild & Co Supervisory Board
WAM Wealth & Asset Management (business segment)
17
Consolidated balance sheet as at 30 June 2018
AssetsIn thousands of euro Notes 30/06/2018 31/12/2017
Cash and amounts due from central banks 4,859,507 3,868,907
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 1 1,128,249 548,014
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income 3 249,518 -
Available-for-sale financial assets 4 - 1,596,343
Securities at amortised cost 5 761,491 -
Loans and advances to banks 6 1,939,045 1,730,153
Loans and advances to customers 7 3,032,272 2,989,919
Current tax assets 22,332 25,786
Deferred tax assets 14 45,738 60,561
Other assets 8 640,252 651,863
Investments accounted for by the equity method 12,460 11,817
Tangible fixed assets 343,087 346,640
Intangible fixed assets 165,062 162,574
Goodwill 123,296 123,162
TOTAL ASSETS 13,322,309 12,115,739
Liabilities and shareholders’ equityIn thousands of euro Notes 30/06/2018 31/12/2017
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss 1 20,036 24,823
Hedging derivatives 2 6,015 6,543
Due to banks and other financial institutions 9 502,091 636,377
Customer deposits 10 9,263,028 7,770,954
Debt securities in issue 20,006 95,561
Current tax liabilities 25,952 30,970
Deferred tax liabilities 14 58,806 60,935
Other liabilities, accruals and deferred income 11 881,123 949,377
Provisions 12 65,923 88,270
TOTAL LIABILITIES 10,842,980 9,663,810
Shareholders’ equity 2,479,329 2,451,929
Shareholders’ equity - Group share 2,047,885 1,911,720
Share capital 154,925 154,815
Share premium 1,141,559 1,140,706
Consolidated reserves 633,613 451,934
Unrealised or deferred capital gains and losses (43,273) (26,344)
Net income - Group share 161,061 190,609
Non-controlling interests 16 431,444 540,209
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY 13,322,309 12,115,739
The Group has applied IFRS 9 and IFRS 15 for the first time as at 1 January 2018. The Group has used the exemption in IFRS 9 to notrestate its prior periods. It also applied IFRS 15 using the cumulative effect method, under which comparative information is not restated.
18
In thousands of euro Notes
01/01/18
30/06/18
(6 months)
01/04/17
30/09/17
(6 months)
+ Interest income 19 68,371 67,937
- Interest expense 19 (29,312) (29,081)
+ Fee income 20 927,583 779,235
- Fee expense 20 (47,517) (47,518)
+/- Net gains/(losses) on financial instruments at fair value through profit or loss 21 87,599 54,199
+/- Net gains/(losses) on financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income 22 - -
+/- Net gains/(losses) on derecognition of assets held at amortised cost (145) -
+/- Net gains/(losses) on available-for-sale financial assets 23 - 28,752
+ Other operating income 257 282
- Other operating expenses (320) (1,460)
Net banking income 1,006,516 852,346
- Staff costs 24 (582,469) (488,247)
- Administrative expenses 24 (150,440) (146,426)
- Amortisation, depreciation and impairment of tangible and intangible fixed assets (13,779) (14,319)
Gross operating income 259,828 203,354
+/- Cost of risk 25 578 (4,356)
Operating income 260,406 198,998
+/- Net income from companies accounted for by the equity method 728 875
+/- Net income/(expense) from other assets 26 639 5,759
Profit before tax 261,773 205,632
- Income tax expense 27 (36,255) (29,672)
CONSOLIDATED NET INCOME 225,518 175,960
Non-controlling interests 16 64,457 87,759
NET INCOME - GROUP SHARE 161,061 88,201
30 2.14 1.18
30 2.10 1.15
Consolidated income statement for the six months ended 30 June 2018
Earnings per share in euro - Group share (basic)
Earnings per share in euro - Group share (diluted)
19
In thousands of euro
01/01/18
30/06/18
(6 months)
01/04/17
30/09/17
(6 months)
Consolidated net income 225,518 175,960
Gains and losses recyclable in profit or loss
Translation differences 5,834 (59,582)
Revaluation of available-for-sale financial assets - 5,047
Gains and losses transferred to income on available-for-sale financial assets - (22,427)
Gains and losses recognised directly in equity for companies accounted for by the equity method 83 (396)
Taxes - (101)
Total gains and losses recyclable in profit or loss 5,917 (77,459)
Gains and losses not recyclable in profit or loss
Remeasurement gains/(losses) on defined benefit pension funds 43,522 23,122
Gains/(losses) relating to equity instruments at fair value through comprehensive income (8,211) -
Taxes (6,256) (4,402)
Total gains and losses not recyclable in profit or loss 29,055 18,720
Gains and losses recognised directly in equity 34,972 (58,739)
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 260,490 117,221
attributable to equity shareholders 193,589 46,120
attributable to non-controlling interests 66,901 71,101
Statement of comprehensive income for the six months ended 30 June 2018
20
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY AT 31
MARCH 20171,293,467 495,189 (18,168) 58,467 - 1,828,955 471,575 2,300,530
Impact of elimination of treasury shares - 3,331 - - - 3,331 57 3,388
Dividends (2) - (51,511) - - - (51,511) (2,644) (54,155)
Issue of shares 2,055 - - - - 2,055 18 2,073
Capital increase related to share-based payments
- 539 - - - 539 - 539
Interest on perpetual subordinated debt - - - - - - (10,636) (10,636)
Effect of a change in shareholding without a change of control
(1) (3,482) 9,318 637 - 6,472 (22,619) (16,147)
Other movements - (24) 152 (98) - 30 (67) (37)
Sub-total of changes linked
to transactions with shareholders2,054 (51,147) 9,470 539 - (39,084) (35,891) (74,975)
2017 net income for the nine months - 190,609 - - - 190,609 124,310 314,919
Net gains/(losses) from changes in fair value
- - - 21,934 - 21,934 439 22,373
Net (gains)/losses transferred to income on disposal and impairment
- - - (47,023) - (47,023) (51) (47,074)
Remeasurement gains/(losses) on defined benefit funds
- 7,689 - - - 7,689 817 8,506
Translation differences and other movements
- 203 (50,639) (924) - (51,360) (20,990) (72,350)
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY AT 31
DECEMBER 20171,295,521 642,543 (59,337) 32,993 - 1,911,720 540,209 2,451,929
Impact of introduction of IFRS 9 (net of
tax) - section 3.1.3 - 7,716 - (32,993) 20,433 (4,844) (91) (4,935)
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY AT 1
JANUARY 20181,295,521 650,259 (59,337) - 20,433 1,906,876 540,118 2,446,994
Impact of elimination of treasury shares - (409) - - - (409) 1 (408)
Dividends (2) - (52,255) - - - (52,255) (156,844) (209,099)
Issue of shares 963 - - - - 963 408 1,371
Capital increase related to share-based payments
- 655 - - - 655 - 655
Interest on perpetual subordinated debt - - - - - - (7,407) (7,407)
Effect of a change in shareholding without a change of control
- (1,734) 173 - 3 (1,558) (12,096) (13,654)
Other movements - 478 (241) - (211) 26 358 384
Sub-total of changes linked
to transactions with shareholders963 (53,265) (68) - (208) (52,578) (175,580) (228,158)
2018 net income for the six months - 161,061 - - - 161,061 64,457 225,518
Net gains/(losses) from changes in fair value
- - - - (6,824) (6,824) (755) (7,579)
Net (gains)/losses transferred to income on disposal and impairment
- - - - - - - -
Remeasurement gains/(losses) on defined benefit funds
- 36,622 - - - 36,622 8 36,630
Translation differences and other movements
- (3) 2,698 - 33 2,728 3,196 5,924
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY AT 30 JUNE
20181,296,484 794,674 (56,707) - 13,434 2,047,885 431,444 2,479,329
(2) Dividends include €51.1 million of dividends to R&Co shareholders and a total of €1.2 million of dividends to R&Co Gestion and Rothschild & Co Commandité
SAS. Distributions to non-controlling interests are analysed in note 16.
(3) Consolidated reserves consist of retained earnings of €649.6 million less treasury shares of €16.0 million plus the Group share of net income.
(1) Capital and associated reserves at the period end consist of share capital of €154.9 million and share premium of €1,141.6 million. Share premium, under IFRS
measurement, includes costs incurred in the issuance of share capital.
Consolidated statement of changes in equity for the six months ended 30 June 2018
In thousands of euroUnrealised or deferred capital gains
and losses (net of tax)
Capital and
associated
reserves (1)
Consol-
idated
reserves (3)
Related
to
translation
differences
Fair value
through OCI
Share-
holders’
equity,
Group share
Share-
holders’
equity,
NCI
Total
shareholders'
equity
AFS
reserves
21
In thousands of euro
01/01/18
30/06/18
(6 months)
01/04/17
30/09/17
(6 months)
Consolidated profit before tax (I) 261,773 205,632
Depreciation and amortisation expense on tangible fixed assets and intangible fixed assets 13,779 14,319
Impairments and net charge for provisions 1,744 7,739
Remove (income)/loss from associates and long-standing shareholding (6,202) (6,117)
Remove (profit)/loss from disposal of a subsidiary - 358
Remove (profit)/loss from investing activities (74,441) (71,490)
Non-cash items included in pre-tax profit and other adjustments (II) (65,120) (55,191)
Net (advance)/repayment of loans to customers (35,075) (200,422)
Cash (placed)/received through interbank transactions (192,437) 388,814
Increase/(decrease) in due to customers 1,464,986 (71,706)
Net inflow/(outflow) related to derivatives and trading items (34,486) (24,817)
Issuance/(redemption) of debt securities in issue (75,556) (24,469)
Net (purchases)/disposals of assets held for liquidity purposes 80,356 115,737
Other movements in assets and liabilities related to treasury activities 68,503 82,760
Total treasury-related activities 1,311,366 466,319
(Increase)/decrease in working capital (125,541) (202,241)
Tax paid (28,904) (37,530)
Other operating activities (154,445) (239,771)
Net (decrease)/increase in cash related to operating assets and liabilities (III) 1,121,846 26,126
Net cash inflow/(outflow) related to operating and treasury activities (A) = (I) + (II) + (III) 1,318,499 176,567
Purchase of investments (89,235) (76,584)
Purchase of property, plant and equipment and intangible fixed assets (11,729) (12,821)
Total cash invested (100,964) (89,405)
Cash received from investments (disposals and dividends) 120,693 147,804
Cash received from subsidiaries, associates and long-standing shareholding (disposals and dividends) 5,474 5,242
Cash from disposal of property, plant and equipment and intangible fixed assets 97 2,197
Total cash received from investments 126,264 155,243
Net cash inflow/(outflow) related to investing activities (B) 25,300 65,838
Dividends paid to shareholders of parent company (52,255) -
Dividends paid to non-controlling interests (note 16) (156,753) -
Interest paid on perpetual subordinated debt (2,299) (1,839)
(Acquisition)/disposal of own shares and additional interests in subsidiaries (10,571) (14,933)
Net cash inflow/(outflow) related to financing activities (C) (221,878) (16,772)
Impact of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents (D) 19,478 (216,989)
NET INFLOW/(OUTFLOW) OF CASH (A) + (B) + (C) + (D) 1,141,399 8,644
Net opening cash and cash equivalents (note 17) 4,922,107 4,862,319
Net closing cash and cash equivalents (note 17) 6,063,506 4,870,963
NET INFLOW/(OUTFLOW) OF CASH 1,141,399 8,644
Cash flow statementfor the six months ended 30 June 2018
22
In thousands of euro
01/01/18
30/06/18
(6 months)
01/01/17
30/06/17
(6 months)
+ Net interest income 39,059 37,605
+ Net fee income 880,066 792,553
+/- Net gains/(losses) on financial instruments at fair value through profit or loss 87,599 44,077
+/- Net gains/(losses) on financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income - -
+/- Net gains/(losses) on derecognition of assets held at amortised cost (145) -
+/- Net gains/(losses) on available-for-sale financial assets - 16,630
+ Other operating income 257 5,494
- Other operating expenses (320) (653)
Net banking income 1,006,516 895,706
- Staff costs (582,469) (496,831)
- Administrative expenses (150,440) (156,365)
- Amortisation, depreciation and impairment of tangible and intangible fixed assets (13,779) (15,558)
Gross operating income 259,828 226,952
+/- Cost of risk 578 (9,551)
Operating income 260,406 217,401
+/- Net income from companies accounted for by the equity method 728 717
+/- Net income/(expense) from other assets 639 7,548
Profit before tax 261,773 225,666
- Income tax expense (36,255) (41,143)
CONSOLIDATED NET INCOME 225,518 184,523
Non-controlling interests (1) 64,457 87,973
NET INCOME - GROUP SHARE 161,061 96,550
Earnings per share in euro - Group share (basic) 2.14 1.31
Earnings per share in euro - Group share (diluted) 2.10 1.28
1.1 Change of financial year end
As reported last year, the Company changed its financial year end from 31 March to 31 December. The period being reported on forthese summary consolidated financial statements is the six months to 30 June 2018.
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 1. Highlights
To aid comparison between reporting periods, further consolidated income statement data is presented below comparing the sixmonths to 30 June 2018 to the six months to 30 June 2017. The data for the six months to 30 June 2017 has been prepared byadding the quarterly income statement for three months ended 31 March 2017 to the quarterly income statement for three monthsended 30 June 2017.
(1) Non-controlling interests include amounts charged of €54.4 million (June 2017: €76.6 million) in respect of preferred shares and €7.4 million
(June 2017: €7.2 million) in respect of perpetual subordinated debt. Note 16 to the consolidated financial statements provides further information
concerning non-controlling interests.
23
In thousands of euro Global
Advisory
Wealth &
Asset
Management
Merchant
Banking
Other
business
and
corporate
centre
Total before
IFRS
reconcil-
iation
IFRS
reconcil-
iation
01/01/18
30/06/18
(6 months)
Net banking income 636,085 261,439 104,973 15,159 1,017,656 (11,140) 1,006,516
Operating expenses (529,515) (217,475) (33,532) (29,638) (810,160) 63,472 (746,688)
Cost of risk - - - - - 578 578
Operating income 106,570 43,964 71,441 (14,479) 207,496 52,910 260,406
Share of profits of associated entities - - - - - 728 728
Non-operating income - - - - - 639 639
Profit before tax 106,570 43,964 71,441 (14,479) 207,496 54,277 261,773
In thousands of euro Global
Advisory
Wealth &
Asset
Management
Merchant
Banking
Other
business
and
corporate
centre
Total before
IFRS
reconcil-
iation
IFRS
reconcil-
iation
01/01/17
30/06/17
(6 months)
Net banking income 553,602 253,939 66,905 17,025 891,471 4,235 895,706
Operating expenses (456,869) (225,645) (31,013) (32,343) (745,870) 77,116 (668,754)
Cost of risk - - - - - (9,551) (9,551)
Operating income 96,733 28,294 35,892 (15,318) 145,601 71,800 217,401
Share of profits of associated entities - - - - - 717 717
Non-operating income - - - - - 7,548 7,548
Profit before tax 96,733 28,294 35,892 (15,318) 145,601 80,065 225,666
The Group has also adopted the accounting standard IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers. IFRS 15 has not had asignificant impact on the Group's accounts. Details of the new accounting policy are provided below.
The table below presents a segmental analysis by business line, which has been prepared on the same basis as described in note29 to the consolidated financial statements. The data for six months ended 30 June 2017 has been derived by adding the quarterlyreporting for the three months to 30 June 2017 and the three months to 31 March 2017.
1.2 Adoption of new accounting policies
The Group has adopted the accounting standard IFRS 9 Financial Instruments, which has changed the classification andmeasurement of the Group’s financial assets. Details of the changes are provided below.
24
2. Preparation of the financial statements
2.1 Information regarding the Company
2.2 General principles
On 3 January 2018, the Group acquired an additional 4,049 shares in Martin Maurel Sella Banque Privée SAM, a Monaco subsidiary,for cash of €13.95 million. Following this acquisition, the Group now controls 100% of this subsidiary.
As a result of this unwinding, Edmond de Rothschild will deliver 1.9 million R&Co shares to RHAG as settlement for the difference invalue in respect of the investments in Edmond de Rothschild and in RHAG. R&Co, for its part, will purchase from Edmond deRothschild all of the remaining 2.5 million R&Co shares in its possession for €75 million in cash. The Edmond de Rothschild andR&Co shares were valued on the basis of their market values (respectively CHF 17,000 and €30) in June 2018. Transactions (ofimmaterial amounts) relating to other minority interests will be settled in cash. The cash required for R&Co Group to finance all oftheir transactions comes from existing resources.
In addition, the two groups will unwind all of their cross-shareholdings. These mainly include: 8.4% of the capital of Edmond deRothschild held by RHAG (R&Co's holding company in Switzerland), 9.5% of the capital of RHAG held by Edmond de Rothschild and5.7% of the capital of R&Co held by Edmond de Rothschild.
As part of this agreement, the Edmond de Rothschild Group will continue to develop its business under the Edmond de Rothschildbrand. The R&Co Group will use the name Rothschild & Co, adopted as a company name since 2015. Rothschild Martin Maurel willbe used to identify the private banking and asset management activities of R&Co from France, Belgium and Monaco. Neither groupmay use the name Rothschild on its own in any form whatsoever in the future.
As the transactions were not complete at 30 June 2018, the transactions have not been accounted for in these financial statements.The transactions were completed on 6 August 2018 after all regulatory consents were obtained and other conditions precedentfulfilled.
The notes to the accounts have been prepared having taken into account the understanding, relevance, reliability, comparability andmateriality of the information provided.
The summary consolidated financial statements of Rothschild & Co SCA Group (the Group) for the six months ended 30 June 2018are presented in accordance with IFRS in force at the reporting date, as adopted in the European Union by EC Regulation No.1606/2002. The format used for the summary financial statements is a banking format. It is consistent with Recommendation No.
2017-02 of 2 June 2017 of the French Accounting Standards Authority (Autorité des normes comptables ). The statements cover theperiod from 1 January 2018 to 30 June 2018. The presentation of the comparative data relative to financial year 2017 has not beenmodified and complies with the provisions of ANC Recommendation No. 2013-04 of 7 November 2013.
The summary consolidated accounts were approved by R&Co Gestion SAS, the Managing Partner of R&Co, on 17 September 2018and considered for verification and control purposes by the Supervisory Board on 25 September 2018.
At 30 June 2018, the Group's holding company was R&Co, a French partnership limited by shares (société en commandite par
actions ), headquartered at 23 bis, avenue de Messine, 75008 Paris (Paris Trade and Companies Registry Number 302 519 228).
The Company is listed on the Eurolist market of Euronext Paris (Compartment A).
1.3 Agreement between Rothschild & Co and Edmond de Rothschild
On 29 June 2018 it was announced that R&Co and Edmond de Rothschild had reached an agreement on the use of their respectivebrands.
1.4 Acquisition of minority stake in Martin Maurel Sella
25
3. Adoption of new accounting standards
3.1 Adoption of IFRS 9 Financial Instruments
3.1.1 Implementation of changes to classification and measurements
In thousands of euro Original
classification under
IAS 39
Original carrying
value under IAS 39
New classification
under IFRS 9
New carrying
value under
IFRS 9
Financial assets
Cash and amounts due from central banks Loans and
receivables
3,868,907 Amortised cost 3,868,907
Trading assets FVTPL
(held for trading)
47,977 FVTPL (mandatory) 47,977
Debt and equity securities FVTPL designated 467,178 FVOCI 219,512
Available for sale 1,596,343 Amortised cost 853,218
FVTPL (mandatory) 989,987
Loans and advances to banks Loans and
receivables
1,730,153 Amortised cost 1,730,153
Loans and advances to customers Loans and
receivables
2,989,919 Amortised cost 2,985,179
FVTPL designated 32,859 FVTPL (designated) 32,859
Other financial assets Amortised cost 426,351 Amortised cost 425,144
Total financial assets 11,159,687 11,152,936
Financial liabilities
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss FVTPL 24,823 FVTPL (mandatory) 24,823
Hedging derivatives FVTPL 6,543 FVTPL (mandatory) 6,543
Debt securities in issue Amortised cost 95,561 Amortised cost 95,561
Due to banks and other financial institutions Amortised cost 636,377 Amortised cost 636,377
Customer deposits Amortised cost 7,770,954 Amortised cost 7,770,954
Other financial liabilities Amortised cost 150,100 Amortised cost 150,100
Total financial liabilities 8,684,358 8,684,358
NET FINANCIAL ASSETS 2,475,329 2,468,578
The Group has adopted IFRS 9 with a date of transition of 1 January 2018, which has resulted in changes in accounting policies andadjustments to the amounts previously recognised in the financial statements. The Group did not early adopt any of IFRS 9 in previousperiods.
The adoption of IFRS 9 has resulted in changes in our accounting policy for recognition, classification and measurement of financial assetsand financial liabilities and impairment of financial assets. IFRS 9 also significantly amends other standards dealing with financialinstruments such as IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures.
As permitted by the transitional provisions of IFRS 9, the Group has elected not to restate comparative figures. Adjustments to the carryingamounts of financial assets at the date of transition have been recognised in the opening retained earnings and other reserves of the currentperiod. The carrying amount of liabilities has not changed. The Group has also elected to continue to apply the hedge accountingrequirements of IAS 39 on adoption of IFRS 9.
Consequently, for notes disclosures, the amendments to IFRS 7 have only been applied to disclosures in the current period. Therefore,disclosures of notes for the comparative period repeat those disclosures made in the prior reporting period.
Set out below are disclosures relating to the impact of the adoption of IFRS 9 on the Group. Further details of the specific IFRS 9 accountingpolicies applied in the current period are described in section 4.4.
The following table shows the original measurement categories in accordance with IAS 39 and the new measurement categories inaccordance with IFRS 9 for the Group's financial assets and liabilities as at 1 January 2018.
26
3.1.2 Reconciliation of balance sheet categories from IAS 39 to IFRS 9
In thousands of euro
Carrying amount
31 December 2017/
1 January 2018
Of which:
reclassifications
Of which:
remeasurements
Cash and balances with central banks 3,868,907 - -
Loans and advances to banks 1,730,153 - -
Loans and advances to customers
Opening balance under IAS 39 (A) 2,989,919 - -
Remeasurement: ECL allowance (4,740) - (4,740)
Closing balance under IFRS 9 2,985,179 - -
Investment securities - amortised cost
Opening balance under IAS 39 - - -
Add: from AFS debt - within liquidity portfolio (B) 815,991 815,991 -
Remeasurement: ECL allowance (359) - (359)
Add: from AFS debt - securitised vehicle, senior tranches (C) 38,031 38,031 -
Remeasurement: from FV to amortised cost (445) - (445)
Closing balance under IFRS 9 853,218 - -
Other financial assets
Opening balance under IAS 39 426,351 - -
Remeasurement: ECL allowance (1,207) - (1,207)
Closing balance under IFRS 9 425,144 - -
Total financial assets measured at amortised cost 1 January 2018 9,862,601 854,022 (6,751)
Trading assets 47,977 - -
Loans and advance to customers 32,859 - -
Investment securities - FVTPL (mandatory)
Opening balance under IAS 39 - - -
Add: from AFS equity - issued by mutual funds (D) 422,599 422,599 -
Add: from AFS debt investment - securitised vehicle, junior tranches (C) 10,754 10,754 -
Add: from AFS equity - investments (E) 66,897 66,897 -
Add: from AFS debt - not meeting SPPI test (F) 22,559 22,559 -
Add: from designated at FVTPL (IAS 39) - investments (E) 467,178 467,178 -
Closing balance under IFRS 9 989,987 - -
Investment securities - FVTPL (designated)
Opening balance under IAS 39 467,178 - -
Less: to mandatory FVTPL (IFRS 9) (E) (467,178) (467,178) -
Closing balance under IFRS 9 - - -
Total financial assets measured at FVTPL 1 January 2018 1,070,823 522,809 -
Investment securities - FVOCI (debt instruments)
Opening balance under IAS 39 - - -
Add: from AFS - debt where sales are envisaged (H) 99,354 99,354 -
Closing balance under IFRS 9 99,354 - -
Investment securities - FVOCI (equity instruments)
Opening balance under IAS 39 - - -
Add: from AFS strategic equity instrument (G) 120,158 120,158 -
Closing balance under IFRS 9 120,158 - -
Investment securities - AFS
Opening balance under IAS 39 1,596,343 - -
Less: to amortised cost - debt within liquidity profile (B) (815,991) (815,991) -
Less: to amortised cost - securitised vehicle, senior tranches (C) (38,031) (38,031) -
Less: to mandatory FVTPL (IFRS 9) - issued by mutual funds (D) (422,599) (422,599) -
Less: to mandatory FVTPL (IFRS 9) - securitised vehicle, junior tranches (C) (10,754) (10,754) -
Less: to mandatory FVTPL (IFRS 9) - investments (E) (66,897) (66,897) -
Less: to mandatory FVTPL (IFRS 9) - debt not meeting SPPI test (F) (22,559) (22,559) -
Less: to FVOCI - strategic equity instrument (G) (120,158) (120,158) -
Less: to FVOCI - debt where sales are envisaged (H) (99,354) (99,354) -
Closing balance under IFRS 9 - - -
Total financial assets measured at FVOCI 1 January 2018 219,512 (1,376,831) -
TOTAL FINANCIAL ASSETS 1 JANUARY 2018 11,152,936 - (6,751)
The Group has performed a detailed analysis of its business models for managing financial assets and analysed the characteristics of theircash flows. The following table reconciles the carrying amounts of financial assets from the measurement categories of IAS 39 to themeasurement categories of IFRS 9, upon transition to IFRS 9 on 1 January 2018:
Note 4
27
3.1.2 Reconciliation of balance sheet categories from IAS 39 to IFRS 9 (continued)
3.1.3 Reconciliation of categories of shareholders’ equity from IAS 39 to IFRS 9
In thousands of euro
Impact of
adopting
IFRS 9 at
1 January 2018
Fair value reserve
Closing balance under IAS 39 (31 December 2017) 32,993
Reneasurement of investment securities (debt) when reclassified from AFS to amortised cost (445)
Reclassification of investment securities (equity and debt) from AFS to FVTPL (12,115)
OPENING BALANCE UNDER IFRS 9 (1 JANUARY 2018) 20,433
Retained earnings
Closing balance under IAS 39 (31 December 2017) 642,543
Reclassification of investment securities (equity and debt) from AFS to FVTPL 12,115
Recognition of expected credit losses under IFRS 9 (6,405)
Tax on the expected credit losses under IFRS 9 2,006
OPENING BALANCE UNDER IFRS 9 (1 JANUARY 2018) 650,259
(D) Equity instruments issued by mutual fundsUnits of mutual funds which qualify as AFS equity under IAS 39 must be measured at FVTPL under IFRS 9, where their value can beredeemed from the issuer of the instrument.
(E) Investment assetsAssets which are held primarily to make valuation gains are classified as fair value through profit or loss. This includes Merchant Bankinginvestments.
(F) Debt securities which fail the SPPI testDebt securities previously held as AFS are classified as FVTPL if they failed to meet the SPPI test.
(G) Designation of equity instruments as FVOCILong-term shareholdings held by the Group for strategic purposes, such as its investment in EdRS, are designated under IFRS 9 as FVOCI,because gains and losses made on these are not considered by management as part of the Group's performance. Under IAS 39, this typeof shareholding was classified as AFS.
(H) Debt securities where the business model includes the possibility of selling the asset Debt securities previously held as AFS are classified as FVOCI if they are held within a business model whose objective is achieved both bycollecting contractual cash flows and by selling the assets.
The following table analyses the impact on reserves and retained earnings, net of tax, of the transition to IFRS 9. The impact affects the fairvalue reserve and retained earnings. There is no impact on other components of equity.
(C) Securitised vehicles Under IAS 39, the Group's investments in securitised vehicles were classified as AFS debt investments. When applying IFRS 9, the Groupmade an assessment of whether the tranches held met the SPPI criteria. A critical point to consider is whether the tranche has a creditrating that is higher than the underlying portfolio of assets. Those which do (generally the senior tranches) can be classified as amortisedcost. Those which do not (generally the junior tranches) must be classified as FVTPL.
(B) Debt securities within the liquidity portfolio Certain highly liquid debt securities are held by the treasury function for a long period of time. These securities may be sold before maturity,but such sales are not expected to be more than infrequent. The Group considers that these securities are held within a business modelwhose objective is to hold assets to collect the contractual cash flows. These assets, which were previously classified as AFS, wereclassified as amortised cost from the date of initial application.
(A) Loans and other receivables Loans and other receivables continue to be classified as amortised cost where allowed under IFRS 9. (see 4.4.1.1 below)
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3.1.4 Reconciliation of impairment allowances from IAS 39 to IFRS 9
In thousands of euro Loan loss
allowance under
IAS 39/
Provision under
IAS 37
Reclassifications Remeasurements Loan loss
allowance under
IFRS 9
Loans and receivables (IAS 39) / financial assets at amortised cost (IFRS 9)
Loans and advances to customers 76,923 - 4,740 81,663
Debt securities - - 359 359
TOTAL 76,923 - 5,099 82,022
AFS financial instruments (IAS 39) / financial assets at FVOCI (IFRS 9)
Debt securities 9,837 (9,837) - -
Equity securities 124,325 (124,325) - -
TOTAL 134,162 (134,162) - -
Other financial assets
Other financial assets 18,272 - 1,207 19,479
TOTAL 18,272 - 1,207 19,479
Loan commitments and financial guarantee contracts
Loan commitments 995 - 99 1,094
TOTAL 995 - 99 1,094
3.2 Adoption of IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers
In assessing the impact of adopting IFRS 15, the Group has considered Global Advisory to be the line of business most likely to be affectedby the new standard. Our assessment reviewed all material GA fees to see whether any would have been recognised differently under IFRS15. The differences identified last year between revenue recognition under IFRS 15 and IAS 18, the previous standard, were immaterial.
IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers replaced the current standards and interpretations on revenue recognition. The Group hasadopted IFRS 15 using the cumulative effect method, which means that any changes prior to adoption on 1 January 2018 are made inopening equity, and comparatives are not restated.
Further information on the measurement of impairment allowance under IFRS 9 can be found in “Expected Credit Loss Measurement”(section 5.2.2.3).
The following table reconciles the impairment allowances at 31 December 2017, measured in accordance with the incurred loss model ofIAS 39, to the impairment allowance at 1 January 2018, measured in accordance with the expected loss model of IFRS 9:
Loss allowances for AFS assets are no longer recorded once the asset is reclassified as FVTPL or as equity at FVOCI.
The new IFRS 15 accounting policies applied in the current period are described in section 4.4.2.
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4. Accounting principles and valuation methods
4.3 Future standards and interpretations
Changes to the Group's financial reporting for future accounting periods are expected as a result of amended or new accountingstandards and interpretations from the IASB.
The main standard expected to affect the Group is IFRS 16 Leases. A description of the likely effect was provided in the financialstatements for the period ended 31 December 2017, and the assessment is not significantly different now.
4.1 Basics of accounting
Except for the "Changes in significant accounting policies", described below, the accounting principles and valuation methods applied bythe Group for the half-year summary consolidated financial statements are the same as those applied and described in the financialstatements for the period ended 31 December 2017. It should be noted that the Group's interim financial reporting is in compliance withIAS 34.
This is the first set of the Group’s financial statements where IFRS 9 and IFRS 15 have been applied.
The Group has not opted for early application of new standards, amendments and interpretations adopted by the European Union or theIASB where the application in 2018 is optional.
4.2 Accounting judgements and estimates
To prepare the financial statements in accordance with the Group’s accounting methods, management has made assumptions andestimates that could have an impact on the book value of certain assets and liabilities and items of income and expense. By their nature,such valuations carry risks and uncertainties as to their realisation in the future. Management has taken care to consider a counterparty’s financial situation and outlook as well as multiple-criteria valuations that take observable parameters into account to determine whetherthere are objective signs of impairment.
Estimates and assumptions are used mainly with regard to bonus accruals, goodwill, securities at FVOCI, FVTPL financial assets,impairments of assets at amortised cost, and provisions.
Following the adoption of IFRS 9, the Group has assessed the business model within which the assets are held and has assessedwhether the contractual terms of the financial asset are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
At each closing date, the Group draws conclusions from past experience and all relevant factors relating to its business.
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4.4 Changes in significant accounting policies
4.4.1 IFRS 9 Financial Instruments
4.4.1.1 IFRS 9: Classification and measurement
- the asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets to collect contractual cash flows; and
- the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified date to cash flows that are solely payments of principal andinterest on the principal amount outstanding.
-the asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and sellingfinancial assets; and
- the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified date to cash flows that are solely payments of principal andinterest on the principal amount outstanding.
The changes described below in accounting policies are also expected to be reflected in the Group’s consolidated financialstatements as at and for the year ending 31 December 2018.
The Group has adopted IFRS 9 Financial Instruments (see 4.4.1) and IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (see 4.4.2)for the first time from 1 January 2018.
The effect of initially applying these standards is mainly attributed to the following:- a change of the asset classification (see 4.4.1.1)- an increase in impairment losses recognised on financial assets (see 4.4.1.2)
A debt instrument is measured at FVOCI only if it meets both of the following conditions and is not designated as FVTPL:
On initial recognition of an equity instrument that is not held for trading, the Group may irrevocably elect to present subsequentchanges in OCI. This election is made on an investment-by-investment basis. From 1 January 2018 any cumulative gain/lossrecognised in OCI in respect of equity investment securities designated as at FVOCI is not recognised in profit or loss onderecognition of such securities.
FINANCIAL ASSETS AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH PROFIT OR LOSS (FVTPL)
Movements in the carrying amount are taken through OCI, except for the recognition of impairment gains or losses, interest revenueand foreign exchange gains and losses on the instrument's amortised cost which are recognised in profit or loss. When the financialasset is derecognised, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified from equity to profit or loss andrecognised in net banking income. Interest income from these financial assets is included in "interest income" using the effectiveinterest method.
These financial assets are recognised at fair value, with transaction costs recorded immediately in the income statement, and theyare subsequently measured at fair value. Gains and losses arising from changes in fair value, or on derecognition, are recognised inthe income statement as net gains or losses on financial assets at fair value through profit or loss. Interest and dividend income fromfinancial assets at fair value through profit or loss is recognised in net gains or losses on financial assets at fair value through profitor loss.
On initial recognition, a financial asset is classified as measured at amortised cost, FVOCI or FVTPL.
FINANCIAL ASSETS AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (FVOCI)
FINANCIAL ASSETS AT AMORTISED COST
A financial asset is measured at amortised cost if it meets both of the following conditions and is not designated as FVTPL:
The carrying amount of these assets is adjusted by any expected credit loss allowance recognised and measured as described insection 4.4.1.2 IFRS 9: Impairment. Interest income from these financial assets is included in "Interest and similar income" using theeffective interest method.
Financial assets that meet the criteria for the classification of amortised cost or FVOCI, but which are managed, and whoseperformance is evaluated, on a fair value basis, are measured at FVTPL on a designated basis.
Financial assets that do not meet the criteria for the classification of amortised cost or FVOCI are measured at FVTPL on amandatory basis.
31
- features that modify consideration of the time value of money (e.g. periodical reset of interest rates).
- terms that limit the Group's claim to cash flows from specified assets (e.g. non-recourse asset arrangements); and
- loan commitments issued.
The Group measures loss allowances at an amount equal to lifetime ECL, except for the following, for which they are measured as12-month ECL:
- debt securities that are determined to have low credit risk at the reporting date; and
- other financial instruments (other than accounts receivable) on which credit risk has not increased significantly since their initialrecognition.
For the accounts receivable, the Group uses the “simplified” approach, under which impairments are calculated as lifetime expectedcredit losses at initial recognition, regardless of any changes in the counterparty’s credit risk.
12-month ECL is the portion of ECL that results from default events on a financial instrument that are possible within the 12 monthsafter the reporting date.
ASSESSMENT WHETHER CONTRACTUAL CASH FLOWS ARE SOLELY PAYMENTS OF PRINCIPAL ANDINTEREST (SPPI)
- leverage features;
Financial assets that are held for trading or managed on a fair value basis are measured at FVTPL.
RECLASSIFICATIONS
Financial assets are not reclassified subsequent to their initial recognition, except when the Group changes its business model formanaging financial assets.
4.4.1.2 IFRS 9: Impairment
The Group recognises loss allowances for ECL on the following financial instruments that are not measured at FVTPL:
- loans, advances and debt securities;
- accounts receivable;
- financial guarantee contracts issued; and
No impairment loss is recognised on equity investments as required by IFRS 9.
For the purposes of this assessment "principal" is defined as the fair value of the financial asset on initial recognition. "Interest" isdefined as consideration for the time value of money and for the credit risk associated with the principal amount outstanding during aparticular period of time and for other basic lending risks and costs, as well as profit margin.
In assessing whether the contractual cash flows are SPPI, the Group considers the contractual terms of the instrument. This includesassessing whether the financial asset contains a contractual term that could change the timing or amount of contractual cash flowssuch that it would not meet this condition. In making the assessment, the Group considers:
- contingent events that would change the amounts and timing of cash flows;
- prepayment and extensions terms;
- the risks that affect the performance of the business model and how those risks are managed;
- how managers of the business are compensated, e.g. whether compensation is based on the fair value of the assets managed orthe contractual cash flows collected; and
BUSINESS MODEL ASSESSMENT
The Group makes an assessment of the business model in which an asset is held at portfolio level because this best reflects the waythe business is managed and information is provided to management. The information considered includes:
- the stated policies and objectives for the portfolio and the operation of those policies in practice. In particular, the Group considerswhether management's strategy focuses on earning interest revenue, maintaining a particular interest profile, matching the durationof the financial assets to the duration of the liabilities that are funding those assets; or realising cash flows through the sale of theassets;
- how the performance of the portfolio is evaluated and reported to the Group's management;
- the frequency, volume and timing of sales in prior periods, the reason for such sales and its expectations about future sales activity.However, information about sales activity is not considered in isolation, but as part of an overall assessment of how the Group'sstated objective for managing the financial assets is achieved and how cash flows are realised.
32
- loan commitments and financial guarantee contracts: as a provision; and
- debt instruments measured at FVOCI: no loss allowance is recognised in the balance sheet because the carrying amount of theseassets is their fair value. However, the loss allowance is disclosed and is recognised in the fair value reserve.
PRESENTATION OF ALLOWANCE FOR ECL IN THE BALANCE SHEET
- granting to the borrower, for economic or legal reasons relating to its financial difficulty, a concession that the lender would nototherwise consider;
- it becoming probable that the borrower will enter bankruptcy or other financial reorganisation.
ECL is a probability-weighted estimate of credit losses. It is measured as follows:
- financial assets that are not credit-impaired at the reporting date: as the present value of all cash shortfalls (i.e. the differencebetween the cash flows due to the entity in accordance with the contract and the cash flows that the Group expects to receive);
- financial assets that are credit-impaired at the reporting date: as the difference between the gross carrying amount and the presentvalue of estimated future cash flows;
- undrawn loan commitments: as the present value of the difference between the contractual cash flows that are due to the Group ifthe commitment is drawn down and the cash flows that the Group expects to receive; and
- financial guarantee contracts: the expected payments to reimburse the holder less any amounts that the Group expects to recover.
More detail on the methodology used to determine the ECL is given in section 5.2.2.
EXPECTED CREDIT LOSS MEASUREMENT
Objective evidence that a financial asset or group of assets is credit impaired includes the following observable data:
- significant financial difficulty of the issuer;
Loss allowances for ECL are presented in the balance sheet as follows:
CREDIT-IMPAIRED ASSETS
At each reporting date, the Group assesses whether financial assets carried at amortised cost and debt instruments at FVOCI arecredit impaired. When an asset is considered as credit impaired, it is also considered to be in default. A financial asset is creditimpaired when one or more events that have a detrimental impact on the estimated cash flows of the financial assets have occurred.
- financial assets measured at amortised cost: as a deduction from the gross carrying amount of the assets;
- a breach of contract, such as a default or delinquency in repayment of interest or principal;
A loan that has been renegotiated due to a deterioration in the borrower's condition is usually considered to be credit-impaired unlessthere is evidence that the risk of not receiving contractual cash flows has reduced significantly and there are no other indicators ofimpairment. In addition, a retail loan that is overdue for 90 days or more is considered impaired.
WRITE-OFF
The Group writes off financial assets (either partially or in full) when there is no realistic prospect of recovery. This is generally thecase when the Group determines that the debtor does not have assets or sources of income that could generate sufficient cash flowsto repay the amounts subject to the write-off.
33
4.4.2 IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers
Fees and commissions that are an integral part of a loan, and loan commitment fees for loans that are likely to be drawn down, aredeferred (together with related direct costs) and recognised over the life of the loan as an adjustment to the effective interest rate.
Costs can sometimes be charged to the client in the course of a mandate. Where recoverable, these are recognised as a receivablerather than revenue.
With effect from 1 January 2018, the Group adopted IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers, replacing IAS 18 Revenue.
The Group earns fee and commission income from a range of services it provides to clients. Under IFRS 15, revenue is recognisedwhen a customer obtains control of the service. Fee income generated by the Group can be categorised into the two broadcategories below, depending upon the timing of the relevant service.
SERVICES PROVIDED OVER TIME
These are fees earned from services that are provided over a period of time. Examples in the WAM business include asset management fees related to investment funds as well as income from wealth management, financial planning and custody services that are continuously provided over an extended period of time. For GA, these services include advisory services paid upfront or on a retainer basis. Revenue is recognised over the period in which the services are provided, once one of the following occurs:
i) The customer consumes the benefits provided by the Group and another entity would not need to substantially re-perform the work that the Group has completed to date; or
ii) The Group has an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date.
POINT IN TIME SERVICES
These fees are earned from providing services for which revenue is earned only when the service has been completed i.e. once a performance obligation has been satisfied. Examples include a payment for advisory services that will only be made after the successful completion of a mandate. Revenue is recognised when it is highly probable that there will not be a significant reversal of the revenue in future.
The amount of fee and commission income is based on consideration specified in a legally enforceable contract. The revenuerecognised for each mandated service represents a market price, and consideration received is allocated to the separatelyidentifiable performance obligations in a contract.
34
5. Financial risk management
5.1 Governance
5.2 Credit risk
5.2.1 Credit rating
Category DefinitionMapping to IFRS
9 three-stage
model for
impairment
(see 5.2.2)
Category 1 Exposures which are considered to be fully performing. Stage 1
Category 2 Exposures where the payment of interest or principal is not currently in doubt, but whichrequire closer observation than usual, due perhaps to some deterioration in the position ofthe client. Examples include: poor trading results; difficult conditions in the client’s marketsector; competitive or regulatory threats; or the potential impact from currency or otherfactors.
Unimpaired GA receivables which are past due over 90 days are included in this category.
Stage 2
Category 3 Exposures where there has been further deterioration in the position of the client comparedto Category 2. Although the exposure is not considered to be impaired, the relationshiprequires close monitoring by the front office team.
Stage 2
Category 4 Exposures that are considered to be impaired and which carry a provision against part of theloan (unless collateral exists which exceeds the exposure's carrying value). At least somerecovery is expected to be made.
Stage 3
Category 5 Exposures that are considered to be impaired and which carry a full provision. No significantrecovery of value is expected.
Stage 3
Credit risk is the risk of suffering financial loss, should any of the Group's customers, clients or market counterparties fail to fulfilltheir contractual obligations to the Group.
All Group companies map their own credit monitoring to these categories for the purposes of Group reporting.
The Group reviews credit exposures on financial assets on a quarterly basis and for this purpose they are classified as follows:
The Group's governance environment is described in the annual report for the period ended 31 December 2017, and is substantiallyunchanged at 30 June 2018.
35
In millions of euro Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 Category 5 Impairment
allowance30/06/2018
Cash and amounts due from central banks 4,859.5 - - - - - 4,859.5
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 106.5 - - - - - 106.5
Loans and advances to banks 1,939.0 - - - - - 1,939.0
Loans and advances to customers 2,914.3 51.2 44.1 86.6 15.4 (79.3) 3,032.3
Debt securities at FVOCI 137.5 - - - - - 137.5
Debt at amortised cost 761.8 - - - - (0.3) 761.5
Other financial assets 328.4 52.5 - 10.3 11.6 (18.4) 384.4
Subtotal assets 11,047.0 103.7 44.1 96.9 27.0 (98.0) 11,220.7
Commitments and guarantees 495.1 - 0.3 0.8 - n/a 496.2
TOTAL 11,542.1 103.7 44.4 97.7 27.0 (98.0) 11,716.9
In millions of euro Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 Category 5 Impairment
allowance31/12/2017
Cash and amounts due from central banks 3,868.9 - - - - - 3,868.9
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 50.2 - - - - - 50.2
Loans and advances to banks 1,730.2 - - - - - 1,730.2
Loans and advances to customers 2,855.2 33.1 34.2 128.3 16.0 (76.9) 2,989.9
Available-for-sale debt securities 985.2 - - 2.0 9.3 (9.8) 986.7
Other financial assets 387.1 34.3 - 10.6 10.1 (15.7) 426.4
Subtotal assets 9,876.8 67.4 34.2 140.9 35.4 (102.4) 10,052.3
Commitments and guarantees 563.6 - 0.3 - - n/a 563.9
TOTAL 10,440.4 67.4 34.5 140.9 35.4 (102.4) 10,616.2
The tables below disclose the maximum exposure to credit risk at 30 June 2018 and at 31 December 2017 for financial assets withexposure to credit risk, without taking account of collateral held or other credit risk mitigation.
Credit risk on financial assets at fair value through profit or loss is not measured on equity instruments. Allowances against commitmentsand guarantees are booked in "Provisions" (note 12).
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5.2.2 Expected credit loss
5.2.2.1 Significant increase in credit risk (SICR)
5.2.2.2 Definition of default and credit impaired assets
5.2.2.3 Measuring ECL – explanations of inputs, assumptions and estimation techniques
IFRS 9 outlines a three-stage model for impairment based on changes in credit quality since initial recognition, as summarised below:
Expected credit losses = Probability of Default (PD) x Exposure at Default (EAD) x Loss Given Default (LGD)
The PD represents the likelihood of a borrower defaulting on its financial obligation (based on the definition of default in our accountingprinciples), either over the next 12 months (12m PD), or over the remaining lifetime (lifetime PD) of the obligation.
Credit-impaired assets and assets that have defaulted are described in “Changes in significant accounting policies”, section 4.4.1. Afinancial asset that is classified as impaired has a credit rating of Category 4 or 5.
- A financial instrument that is not credit-impaired on initial recognition is classified in Stage 1.
- If a significant increase in credit risk (SICR) since initial recognition is identified, the financial instrument is moved to Stage 2 but is not yetdeemed to be credit impaired. See section 5.2.2.1 for a description of how the Group determines when a SICR has occurred.
- If the financial instrument is credit-impaired, the financial instrument is then moved to Stage 3.
- Financial instruments in Stage 1 have their ECL measured at an amount equal to the portion of lifetime expected credit losses that resultfrom default events possible within the next 12 months. Instruments in Stages 2 or 3 have their ECL measured based on expected creditlosses on a lifetime basis. See section 5.2.2.3 for a description of inputs, assumptions and estimation techniques used in measuring theECL.
- Purchased or originated credit-impaired (POCI) financial assets are those financial assets that are credit impaired on initial recognition.Their ECL is always measured on a lifetime basis (Stage 3).
The key judgements and assumptions adopted by the Group in addressing the requirements of the standard are disclosed below.
When determining whether the risk of default on a financial instrument has increased significantly since initial recognition, the Groupconsiders reasonable and supportable information that is relevant and available without undue cost or effort. This includes both quantitativeand qualitative information and analysis, which are based on the Group's credit risk management process. The Group has decided thatSICR is indicated if the relevant credit committee decides that the credit rating of a financial asset is Category 2 or 3.
Financial instruments are often considered to have experienced a significant increase in credit risk if the borrower is more than 30 dayspast due on its contractual payments. For fee income receivable by the GA business, the Group has rebutted this presumption and itconsiders that a significant increase is experienced only after 90 days past due. This rebuttal is based on historical experience of paymentsand is in line with the internal provisioning process (more detail is in section 5.2.2.4).
The Group has not used the low credit risk exemption for any financial instruments in the period.
The Expected Credit Loss (ECL) is measured on either a 12-month (12m) or lifetime basis depending on whether a significant increase incredit risk has occurred since initial recognition or whether an asset is considered to be credit-impaired. Expected credit losses are thediscounted product of the following factors:
The EAD is based on the amounts the Group expects to be owed at the time of default, over the next 12 months (12m EAD) or over theremaining lifetime (lifetime EAD). The Group derives the EAD from the current exposure to the counterparty.
LGD is the percentage of the likely loss if there is a default. The Group estimates LGD parameters informed by historical recovery rates ofclaims against defaulted counterparties. The LGD models consider the structure, collateral and recovery cost of any collateral that isprovided to secure the financial asset. For loans secured by property, LTV ratios are a key parameter in determining LGD.
These parameters are generally derived from internally developed models and other historical data.
37
5.2.2.4 Grouping of instruments for losses measured on a collective basis
For expected credit loss provisions calculated on a collective basis, a grouping of exposures is performed on the basis of riskcharacteristics that are shared by exposures.
There have been no significant changes in estimation techniques or significant assumptions made during the reporting period.
PCL LOMBARD AND MORTGAGE LOANS
The Group has a history of very low defaults on its Lombard and mortgage loans made by PCL and the PD and the LGD have beendetermined by the history of observed defaults alongside realistic downside scenarios based on management assessment.
DEBT AT AMORTISED COST
For the Lombard loans, the LGD is estimated based on the amount of collateral held, and whether it is diversified or not, as well as natureof the client and the potential difficulties of recovering the value of the collateral.
Lending by the R&Co Group is primarily focused on supporting the WAM business by way of lending to private clients, either by way ofmortgages against residential properties or against portfolios of securities (Lombard lending). In addition, following the recent merger withBanque Martin Maurel, there is a portfolio of corporate loans which includes some sector specialisations (this equates to approximately€0.3 billion of the total). The UK commercial legacy book continues to run off and is now down to less than €100 million.
The majority of the private client loan books are secured and there is no historical loss data for these. Nevertheless, we have adopted aconservative approach to measuring losses on a collective basis for these loans, based on assumptions of PD and LGD for different loantypes. The approach for the remaining book, which generally comprises a larger number of smaller loans, does have some loss data, andthis has been factored into the IFRS 9 calculations.
For the mortgages loans, the LGD is estimated considering the value of the properties which are mortgaged, and varies based on the LTV;the amount of costs likely to be incurred in recovering and realising any collateral; the nature of the client; and the potential difficulties ofrecovering the value of the collateral.
For debt securities in the Treasury portfolio, S&P credit ratings are used to determine the ECL. These published ratings are continuouslymonitored and updated. The 12m and lifetime PDs associated with each rating are determined based on realised default rates publishedby S&P. To estimate the LGD, the Group has used the Basel III LGD, which is 45% for senior debt.
The assumptions underlying the ECL calculation are monitored and reviewed on a quarterly basis.
38
5.2.3 Credit risk exposure
5.2.3.1 Maximum exposure to credit risk – financial instruments subject to impairment
Gross carrying amounts
Loans and advances to banks 1,939.0 - - 1,939.0
PCL loans to customers 2,471.1 15.5 - 2,486.6
Other loans to customers 443.2 79.8 102.0 625.0
FVOCI debt securities 137.5 - - 137.5
Securities at amortised cost 761.8 - - 761.8
5,752.6 95.3 102.0 5,949.9
Loss allowance
Loans and advances to banks - - - -
PCL loans to customers (1.3) (0.0) - (1.3)
Other loans to customers (2.4) (12.5) (63.1) (78.0)
FVOCI debt securities - - - -
Securities at amortised cost (0.3) - - (0.3)
(4.0) (12.5) (63.1) (79.6)
Net carrying amount
Loans and advances to banks 1,939.0 - - 1,939.0
PCL loans to customers 2,469.8 15.5 - 2,485.3
Other loans to customers 440.8 67.3 38.9 547.0
FVOCI debt securities 137.5 - - 137.5
Securities at amortised cost 761.5 - - 761.5
5,748.6 82.8 38.9 5,870.3
TOTAL
TOTAL
Information on how the ECL is measured and how the three stages above are determined is provided in "Expected credit lossmeasurement", in section 4.4.1.2.
The following table contains an analysis of the credit risk exposure of financial instruments for which an ECL allowance is recognised. Thegross carrying amount of financial assets below also represents the Group's maximum exposure to credit risk on these assets. The creditrisk exposure of other financial assets is shown in section 5.2.4.
In millions of euro Stage 1
12 month ECL
Stage 2
Lifetime ECL
Stage 3
Lifetime ECL
TOTAL
TOTAL
39
Loans to customers
Loss allowance at beginning of period (31 December 2017) - (13.9) (63.1) (77.0)
Movements with P&L impact
Transfers
Transfers to Stage 1 - - - -
Transfers to Stage 2 - - - -
Transfers to Stage 3 - 1.0 (1.0) -
(Charge) - - (7.3) (7.3)
Release 1.0 0.4 7.9 9.3
Total net P&L (charge)/release during the period 1.0 1.4 (0.4) 2.0
Movements with no P&L impact
IFRS 9 first time application (4.7) - - (4.7)
Written off - - 0.5 0.5
Exchange - - (0.1) (0.1)
LOSS ALLOWANCE AT END OF PERIOD (30 JUNE 2018) (3.7) (12.5) (63.1) (79.3)
Loans to customers which are past due
In millions of euro30/06/2018 31/12/2017
Less than 30 days past due 112.9 160.5
Between 30 and 90 days past due 49.9 55.4
Over 90 days past due 26.1 31.0
TOTAL 188.9 246.9
For loans to customers, the movement in the loss allowance is provided in the table below. Additionally, the movement in other lossallowances is shown in "Impairments" (note 13).
No loans have been classified as purchased or originated credit-impaired (POCI) assets. The changes in the gross amounts of loans to customers decreased the Stage 1 allowance by €0.8 million and the Stage 2 allowance by€0.4 million in the period. These are mostly due to movements in the past due loans, as shown below:
Stage 1
12 month ECL
Stage 2
Lifetime ECL
Stage 3
Lifetime ECL
TOTAL
In millions of euro
40
5.2.3.2 Collateral
Tangible assets collateral
Financial assets collateral
TOTAL
Gross value of loans
Impairment
Net value of loans
% of Stage 3 / individually impaired loans covered by collateral
5.2.3.3 Modification of financial assets
The Group holds collateral against loans to customers, as substantially all third party commercial lending is secured. The majority ofcollateral is in the form of charges over property assets, or over marketable securities (Lombard lending). There is a realistic possibility, ifnecessary, of both taking possession of, and realising, the collateral.
Stage 1 and 2 loans (Categories 1 to 3) are usually covered by collateral. For Category 1, 2 and 3 loans the level of collateral at exit isexpected to be sufficient to cover the balance sheet exposure. Where a loan is deemed to be impaired (Categories 4 and 5), the level ofthe impairment charge is primarily driven by any expected shortfall in the collateral value, though it is also influenced by the ability of theborrower to service the debt.
Collateral is valued independently at the time the loan is made and periodically thereafter on a rolling basis. Management is able to rollforward a valuation for reporting purposes via a combination of specific knowledge of the collateral and the application of general indices.
The table below gives an estimate of the fair value of collateral held by the Group as security against its loans to customers that are creditimpaired. For each loan, the value of disclosed collateral is capped to the nominal amount less provision of the loan that it is held against,and the comparatives have been restated to be in line with this revised disclosure.
In millions of euro
Where refinancing and sale options are difficult, it is generally in the lender’s and borrower’s interest to extend certain facilities at maturityand not to foreclose on the security. This assumes there are no underlying issues regarding the borrower’s ability to continue to service theloan and the level of collateral is expected to be of sufficient quality to secure the principal.
Unimpaired loans extended in this manner are not categorised as either past due or as renegotiated. As at 30 June 2018 the cumulativevalue of all loans within this category was €2.8 million (31 December 2017: €3.1 million). All of these loans were property loans.
Some loans were renegotiated on substantially different terms than before. Typically these loans will include revised covenants and highermargins to reflect higher credit risk as well as having extended maturities. If these loans had not been renegotiated, they would have beendeemed to have been impaired. As at 30 June 2018, the carrying value of all loans renegotiated was €0.3 million (31 December 2017: €0.6million).
93% 95%
(57.1)
87.2
30/06/2018
Stage 3
loans
26.0
10.3
36.3
102.0
(63.1)
38.9
31/12/2017
Individually
impaired
77.7
5.3
83.0
144.3
41
5.2.4 Credit risk management of other financial assets
In millions of euro % total
gross
exposure
Gross
carrying
amount
Lifetime
ECL
Not impaired
Current to 90 days past due 82% 328.4 -
90-180 days past due 10% 38.7 (0.4)
180 days - 1 year past due 1% 5.2 (0.2)
more than one year past due 2% 8.6 (0.8)
Impaired
Partially impaired 3% 10.3 (5.4)
Fully impaired 3% 11.6 (11.6)
TOTAL 100% 402.8 (18.4)
Other financial assets mainly contain trade receivables from the GA and WAM businesses. For these assets, the Group applies a simplifiedapproach to the calculation of impairments. This means that the loss allowance is always measured at an amount equal to the asset'slifetime ECL. Therefore, the concept of significant increase in credit risk is not applicable to these assets. Fee income is widespread interms of location and of sector and concentration risk is not significant.
The Group considers a receivable to be in default when the borrower is unlikely to pay the Group in full. For each GA office, a quarterlyreview of the outstanding receivables over 90 days is conducted by local management and the GA Global Finance Director. This reviewdetermines if the receivable should be impaired and ensures that impairments are made, or not made, consistently around the Group.
The table below shows the ageing of other financial assets and the associated provisions as at 30 June 2018:
Management has reviewed historical payment behaviour and believes on this basis that receivables less than 90 days overdue have animmaterial risk of not being recoverable in full. These receivables are therefore classified as Category 1 in our internal credit risk table.Management considers that all individual unimpaired receivables over 90 days past due merit assessment for potential credit losses, inaddition to more recent debts which are known to have credit issues. These receivables are considered to be on a watchlist. Where theseare not impaired, management provides a percentage of all these assets to reflect losses that might be expected to eventually arise. Theprovision percentage takes account of both historical experience and management assessment of future potential losses.
The loss allowance movement is described in "Impairments" (note 13).
Credit risk category
classification
Category 1
Category 2
Category 2
Category 2
Category 4
Category 5
42
5.2.5 Further credit risk analysis
5.2.5.1 Credit risk by location
Cash and amounts due from central banks 1,809.2 3,046.3 - 4.0 - - - 4,859.5
Financial assets at fair value through profit
or loss (1) 43.2 6.1 12.5 34.1 1.9 4.8 3.9 106.5
Loans and advances to banks 974.7 58.0 418.3 222.8 219.0 33.3 12.9 1,939.0
Loans and advances to customers 1,559.5 116.5 612.5 450.8 144.0 86.9 62.1 3,032.3
Debt securities at FVOCI - - 135.5 1.9 - 0.1 - 137.5
Debt at amortised cost 279.7 - 18.4 376.5 85.9 1.0 - 761.5
Other financial assets 115.0 8.6 95.0 78.2 48.4 12.3 26.9 384.4
Subtotal assets 4,781.3 3,235.5 1,292.2 1,168.3 499.2 138.4 105.8 11,220.7
Commitments and guarantees 350.5 - 65.8 67.6 5.8 - 6.5 496.2
TOTAL 5,131.8 3,235.5 1,358.0 1,235.9 505.0 138.4 112.3 11,716.9
(1) Excluding equity.
Cash and amounts due from central banks 1,206.9 2,658.6 - 3.4 - - - 3,868.9
Financial assets at fair value through profit
or loss (1) 18.9 9.3 5.2 15.5 0.5 0.7 0.1 50.2
Loans and advances to banks 657.5 50.9 342.8 328.6 313.0 22.8 14.6 1,730.2
Loans and advances to customers 1,514.9 115.9 795.2 264.9 158.8 78.6 61.6 2,989.9
Available-for-sale debt securities 306.3 - 147.8 422.2 100.0 9.4 1.0 986.7
Other financial assets 138.8 25.5 62.5 102.4 63.3 24.2 9.7 426.4
Subtotal assets 3,843.3 2,860.2 1,353.5 1,137.0 635.6 135.7 87.0 10,052.3
Commitments and guarantees 321.3 48.5 82.5 98.1 0.1 11.4 2.0 563.9
TOTAL 4,164.6 2,908.7 1,436.0 1,235.1 635.7 147.1 89.0 10,616.2
(1) Excluding equity.
Location for loans and advances is measured by reference to the location of the borrower. Debt securities are recorded based on thelocation of the issuer of the security.
The tables below show an analysis of credit risk by location and by sector as at 30 June 2018 and 31 December 2017.
31/12/2017
Other 30/06/2018
In millions of euro France Switzer-
land
UK and
Channel
Islands
Rest of
Europe
Americas Australia
and Asia
Other
Switzer-
land
UK and
Channel
Islands
Rest of
Europe
AmericasIn millions of euro France Australia
and Asia
43
5.2.5.2 Credit risk by sector
In millions of euro 30/06/2018 % 31/12/2017 %
Cash and amounts due from central banks 4,859.5 42% 3,868.9 36%
Households 2,633.5 23% 2,434.8 23%
Credit institutions 2,050.3 17% 1,800.6 17%
Liquid debt securities (diversified sectors) 761.5 6% 825.1 8%
Real estate 412.5 4% 374.6 4%
Short-term fee income receivable (diversified customers) 324.2 3% 331.9 3%
Other financial corporations 258.3 2% 283.1 3%
Government(1) 135.6 1% 112.3 1%
Other 281.5 2% 584.9 6%
TOTAL 11,716.9 100% 10,616.2 100%
5.3 Market risk
5.3.1 Equity investments
In millions of euro 30/06/2018 % 31/12/2017 %
France 339.3 30% 359.6 32%
Rest of Europe 271.6 24% 222.4 20%
United Kingdom and Channel Islands 202.3 18% 197.1 18%
Americas 124.9 11% 115.3 10%
Switzerland 113.3 10% 122.9 11%
Australia and Asia 48.6 4% 55.3 5%
Other 33.7 3% 34.3 4%
TOTAL 1,133.7 100% 1,106.9 100%
The table below shows the Group’s equity price risk in relation to these instruments, by location. The comparative figures for December2017 have been reassigned, following a change in the current period in the way that equity price risk is allocated to different locations.
Market risks associated with treasury and equity positions are described below with a description of the levels of risk. Management ofmarket risk is described in the annual report for the period ended 31 December 2017, and is substantially unchanged at 30 June 2018.
(1)The "Government" exposure predominantly consists of high-quality government securities.
The sectors above are based on NACE classification codes ("Nomenclature of Economic Activities"), and other categories used forFINREP regulatory reporting.
Short-term accounts receivable and highly liquid debt securities held for treasury management are exposed to various diversifiedsectors. Any temporary exposure to these sectors is not thought by management to pose a significant sectoral risk, and is not expectedto be indicative of sectoral concentration for these assets in future. Therefore, these exposures are not analysed further in this section.
The Group has exposure to equity price risk through holdings of equity investments. Each of these positions is individually approved bymanagement and is monitored on an individual basis.
If the price of these equities were to fall by 5% at 30 June 2018, then there would be a post-tax charge to the income statement of€41.6 million (31 December 2017: €24.2 million) and a reduction in equity of €5.5 million (31 December 2017: €21.3 million). UnderIFRS 9, the charge through P&L is higher because more of the equities are measured at FVTPL.
Moreover, the Group is exposed through its investments to the risks affecting the companies in which it invests.
44
5.4.1 Liquidity
The Group's three main banking groups each manage their own liquidity independently of each other. An illustration of how theymanage their short-term liquidity is summarised below, together with a measure of their liquidity coverage ratio (LCR). The LCR is aratio of highly liquid assets to short-term obligations.The figures below are taken from our regulatory returns but are not audited.
Rothschild Bank AG Zurich
RBZ's liquidity policy includes a behavioural adjustment applied across different client types, which allows for approximately one third ofclient deposits to be withdrawn over 30 days. Although the regulatory framework would permit significant mismatches within the 30-daytime bucket, RBZ maintains a more conservative approach to liquidity.
Internal limits provide for RBZ to be cumulatively cash positive in all periods (after behavioural adjustments). The behaviouraladjustments are complemented by an additional requirement that 20% of all client call deposits are held in cash and assets realisablewithin 48 hours.
Rothschild Bank International Limited
In order to comply with the liquidity regime set by the Guernsey Financial Services Commission (the GFSC), RBI manages liquidity toensure that a conservative position is maintained at all times by holding significant stock of High Quality Liquid Assets (HQLA), thecriteria of such assets being set by the GFSC. Exposure to liquidity risk is considered to be low and is monitored on a daily basisindependently of the front office with a mandatory submission made to the regulator on a monthly basis.
RBZ’s LCR at 30 June 2018 was 146%, as measured for regulatory purposes (31 December 2017: 153%). The regulatory limit is 90%.
Rothschild Martin Maurel
RMM maintains a stable and diverse pool of customer deposits with a low customer loan-to-deposit ratio. Treasury manages liquidity toensure that a conservative position is maintained at all times by holding a significant amount of short-term liquidity with the Central Bankand other banks alongside a portfolio of highly rated securities. Exposure to liquidity risk is considered to be very low and is monitoredon a daily basis independently of the front office.
At 30 June 2018, RMM’s LCR was 229% (31 December 2017: 205%). The regulatory limit is 90%.
5.4 Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk arises from the mismatch between the legal maturity of assets and liabilities. Management of liquidity risk is described inthe annual report for the period ended 31 December 2017, and is substantially unchanged at 30 June 2018.
At 30 June 2018 RBI's LCR was 210% (31 December 2017: 186%). The regulatory limit is 100%.
45
In millions of euro Demand-
1m
1m-3m 3m-1yr 1yr-2yr 2yr-5yr >5 yr No
contractual
maturity
30/06/2018
Cash and balances at central banks 4,859.5 - - - - - - 4,859.5
Financial assets at FVTPL 453.4 7.6 44.2 0.7 227.8 204.5 190.0 1,128.2
Financial assets at FVOCI - 71.8 64.0 - - 1.7 112.0 249.5
Securities at amortised cost 20.6 62.6 366.4 168.3 105.0 38.6 - 761.5
Loans and advances to banks 1,312.5 369.4 256.4 - 0.7 - - 1,939.0
Loans and advances to customers 1,037.2 268.1 501.1 259.6 490.1 476.2 - 3,032.3
Other financial assets 319.0 53.8 11.3 0.3 - - - 384.4
TOTAL 8,002.2 833.3 1,243.4 428.9 823.6 721.0 302.0 12,354.4
Financial liabilities at FVTPL 13.2 3.1 3.7 - - - - 20.0
Hedging derivatives - - - - 6.0 - - 6.0
Due to banks and other financial institutions 192.8 0.3 6.7 66.6 73.6 162.1 - 502.1
Due to customers 8,973.1 165.5 75.7 38.0 10.2 0.5 - 9,263.0
Debt securities in issue - 18.4 0.1 1.5 - - - 20.0
Other financial liabilities 171.3 6.7 0.6 - - - - 178.6
TOTAL 9,350.4 194.0 86.8 106.1 89.8 162.6 - 9,989.7
Loan and guarantee commitments given 67.3 43.1 235.9 82.5 39.2 28.2 - 496.2
5.5 Fair value disclosures
5.5.1 Fair value classification
Level 2: instruments measured based on recognised valuation models using observable inputs other than quoted prices
5.4.2 Contractual maturity
Level 1 comprises instruments whose fair value is determined based on directly usable prices quoted on active markets. This mainlyincludes listed securities and derivatives traded on organised markets (futures, options, etc.) whose liquidity can be demonstrated, andshares of funds where the value is determined and reported on a daily basis.
Level 1: instruments quoted on an active market
The following table shows the Group's financial assets and liabilities, analysed by remaining contractual maturity at the balance sheetdate.
Level 3: instruments measured using models that are not commonly used and/or that draw on non-observable inputs
Level 2 comprises instruments not directly quoted on an active market, measured using a valuation technique incorporating parametersthat are either directly observable (prices) or indirectly observable (price derivatives) through to maturity.
Level 3 comprises instruments which are measured, at least in part, on the basis of non-observable market data which is liable tomaterially impact the valuation.
For financial reporting purposes, IFRS 13 requires fair value measurements applied to financial instruments to be allocated to one ofthree Levels, reflecting the extent to which the valuation is based on observable data.
Loan and guarantee commitments given are disclosed in the period in which they could first be drawn down.
The undiscounted cash flows of liabilities and commitments are not materially different from the amounts disclosed in the contractualmaturity table above.
46
5.5.2 Fair value of financial instruments
Carried at amortised cost
Carrying value Fair value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Financial assets
Cash and amounts due from central banks 4,859.5 4,859.5 - 4,859.5 -
Securities at amortised cost 761.5 763.4 724.6 38.8 -
Loans and advances to banks 1,939.0 1,939.0 - 1,939.0 -
Loans and advances to customers 3,032.3 3,030.6 - 3,010.0 20.6
TOTAL 10,592.3 10,592.5 724.6 9,847.3 20.6
Financial liabilities
Due to banks and other financial institutions 502.1 511.1 - 511.1 -
Due to customers 9,263.0 9,263.0 - 9,263.0 -
Debt securities in issue 20.0 20.0 - 20.0 -
TOTAL 9,785.1 9,794.1 - 9,794.1 -
Carrying value Fair value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Financial assets
Cash and amounts due from central banks 3,868.9 3,868.9 - 3,868.9 -
Loans and advances to banks 1,730.2 1,730.2 - 1,730.2 -
Loans and advances to customers 2,989.9 2,987.1 - 2,947.7 39.4
TOTAL 8,589.0 8,586.2 - 8,546.8 39.4
Financial liabilities
Due to banks and other financial institutions 636.4 647.6 - 647.6 -
Due to customers 7,771.0 7,771.0 - 7,771.0 -
Debt securities in issue 95.6 95.6 - 95.6 -
TOTAL 8,503.0 8,514.2 - 8,514.2 -
The fair value of financial instruments at amortised cost is determined at the reporting date as follows:
In millions of euro30/06/2018
In millions of euro31/12/2017
- Loans to customers and their associated interest rates: these are compared, by maturity, with similar recent transactions. In the eventof a material difference in interest rates or any other factor indicating that an asset’s fair value is materially different from the netcarrying amount, the fair value is adjusted accordingly. To determine the asset's fair value, the Group estimates the counterparty'sdefault risk and calculates the sum of future cash flows, taking into account the debtor's financial standing. An impaired loan where thecarrying value of the loan is decided by a DCF, using best estimates of recoverable cash flows, is classified in Level 3.
- Repurchase agreements and amounts due to banks and customers: the fair value of these instruments is determined using a DCFtechnique, the discount rate of which is adjusted for the appropriate credit margin.
- Debt securities in issue: the fair value of these instruments is determined using external prices which can be regularly observed froma reasonable number of market makers. However, these prices do not represent a directly tradable price.
47
Carried at fair value
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Financial assets
Trading securities - - - -
Financial assets at FVTPL 1,081.9 502.2 544.6 35.1
Derivative financial instruments 46.3 - 46.3 -
FVOCI public bills and similar securities 135.5 135.5 - -
FVOCI bonds, other fixed income securities and accrued interest 2.0 2.0 - -
FVOCI equity securities 112.0 112.0 - -
TOTAL FINANCIAL ASSETS 1,377.7 751.7 590.9 35.1
Financial liabilities
Derivative financial instruments 26.1 - 26.1 -
TOTAL FINANCIAL LIABILITIES 26.1 - 26.1 -
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Financial assets
Trading securities 30.6 30.6 - -
Financial assets at FVTPL 500.0 42.0 458.0 -
Derivative financial instruments 17.4 - 17.4 -
AFS public bills and similar securities 112.3 112.3 - -
AFS bonds, other fixed income securities and accrued interest 874.4 825.2 45.8 3.4
AFS equity securities 609.7 568.0 8.3 33.4
TOTAL FINANCIAL ASSETS 2,144.4 1,578.1 529.5 36.8
Financial liabilities
Derivative financial instruments 31.4 - 31.4 -
TOTAL FINANCIAL LIABILITIES 31.4 - 31.4 -
In millions of euro
31/12/2017
TOTAL Measured using
In millions of euro
30/06/2018
TOTAL Measured using
48
5.5.3 Fair value Level 3 disclosures
Valuation technique by class of Level 3 financial assets
Fair value
at 30 June 2018
(in millions of
euro)
1.7
4.1
FVTPL debt 5.8
28.3
1.0
FVTPL equity 29.3
Sensitivity of fair value for Level 3 instruments
Movement in Level 3 assets
In millions of euro Bonds and
other fixed
income
securities
Funds and
other equities
TOTAL
As at 1 January 2018 3.4 33.4 36.8
Total gains or losses for the period included in income statement 2.6 (1.3) 1.3
Additions - 1.2 1.2
Disposals - (4.1) (4.1)
Exchange (0.2) 0.1 (0.1)
AS AT 30 JUNE 2018 5.8 29.3 35.1
Valuation technique Unobservable input Range (weighted average)
Securities portfolios (CDOs, CLOs, etc.)
Discounted cash flow, based on expected cash
flows of securitised assets and expectation of how
these will be distributed to different noteholders
Default and recovery data according to the various asset
classes
n/a
Following the adoption of IFRS 9 Financial Instruments, assets which were previously categorised as available for sale are nowclassified as FVTPL.
Purchases, issues, sales and settlements
The following table presents the movement in assets valued using Level 3 valuation methods in the period:
Out of €29.3 million of FVTPL equity securities classified in Level 3 as at 30 June 2018, €28.3 million were subject to a third-partyvaluation. To quantify the fair value sensitivity of these instruments, measured using unobservable inputs, the Group has determinedthe impact in the event of a fall of 5% in the carrying value. In such an event, there would be a pre-tax charge to the income statementof €1.4 million.
External valuation n/a n/a
Valued at cost n/a n/a
Funds and other equity
Mezzanine debt securities Carrying value based on original investment plus
accrued interest less any impairment provisions
Expected repayment cash flow taking into account
shareholders' equity of the borrower
n/a
Description
49
5.5.4 Selected controls in the valuation process
Merchant Banking
Valuation of derivatives
The Group's OTC (i.e. non-exchange traded) derivatives are valued using external valuation models. These models calculate thepresent value of expected future cash flows. The Group’s derivative products are of a "vanilla" nature, such as interest rate swaps andcross-currency swaps; for these, the modelling techniques used are standard across the industry. Inputs to the valuation models aredetermined from observable market data, including prices available from exchanges, dealers, brokers or providers of consensus pricing.
Exchange traded derivatives are valued by the exchange on which they are traded, which asks for margin calls depending on the value.
The calculation of fair value is subject to control procedures aimed at verifying that fair values are determined or validated by anindependent function. Fair values determined by reference to external quoted prices or market parameters are validated by the relevantfund's valuation committee.
These committees review, twice a year, the valuation of the investments made by Merchant Banking.
The parameters of valuation that are reviewed in committee include the following:- the origin of the external source;- the consistency of the various sources;- the events that took place during the period which could affect the value; and- the frequency with which the data are updated.
Merchant banking funds are valued by their management companies in accordance with the international private equity and venturecapital valuation (IPEV) guidelines developed by the Association Française des Investisseurs en Capital (AFIC), the British Venture
Capital Association (BVCA) and the European Private Equity and Venture Capital Association (EVCA). Dedicated advisory committeesexist to approve half-yearly investment valuations, which are sent to investors in the Group’s merchant banking funds. As such, thesecommittees act as the valuation committees under the Alternative Investment Fund Managers Directive (AIFMD) requirements.
50
6. Notes to the balance sheet
Note 1 - Financial instruments at fair value through profit or loss
1. Financial assets
In thousands of euro 30/06/2018 31/12/2017
Equity securities - 467,178
Debt securities - -
Loans to customers 23,810 32,859
Financial assets designated at fair value through profit or loss 23,810 500,037
Debt securities 36,375 -
Equity instruments issued by mutual funds 426,724 -
Other equity instruments 594,993 -
Trading equities - 30,598
Financial assets mandatorily at fair value through profit or loss 1,058,092 30,598
Trading derivative assets (see note 2) 46,347 17,379
TOTAL 1,128,249 548,014
2. Financial liabilities
In thousands of euro 30/06/2018 31/12/2017
20,036 24,823
TOTAL 20,036 24,823
Trading derivative liabilities (see note 2)
51
Note 2 - Derivatives
Trading derivatives
In thousands of euro Notional
principalOf which:
asset
Of which:
liability
Notional
principalOf which:
asset
Of which:
liability
Firm interest rate contracts 169,527 2,778 126 141,972 958 308
Conditional interest rate contracts 10,543 - 136 19,150 178 175
Firm foreign exchange contracts 5,626,110 42,929 19,406 5,293,305 15,435 23,725
Conditional foreign exchange contracts 223,852 561 171 240,971 501 482
Other swaps 7,100 - 170 - - -
Equity-related options 18,929 79 27 69,893 307 133
TOTAL 6,056,061 46,347 20,036 5,765,291 17,379 24,823
Hedging derivatives
In thousands of euro Notional
principalOf which:
asset
Of which:
liability
Notional
principalOf which:
asset
Of which:
liability
Firm interest rate contracts 126,000 - 6,015 137,000 - 6,543
TOTAL 126,000 - 6,015 137,000 - 6,543
Total Demand -
1 month
1m-3m 3m-1yr 1yr-5yr >5yr
Fair value hedges - interest rate swap
Notional (in millions of euro) 126,000 - - 17,000 54,000 55,000
Average fixed interest rate paid - - 1.87% 2.07% 1.13%
30/06/2018 31/12/2017
30/06/2018 31/12/2017
Only the interest risk element is hedged; other risks, such as credit risk, are managed but not hedged by the Group. The interest rate riskcomponent which is hedged is the change in fair value of the medium/long-term fixed rate customer loans arising solely from changes inEONIA (the benchmark rate of interest). Such changes are usually the largest component of the overall change in fair value.
For the purposes of hedge accounting, efficiency tests are performed, prospectively at the date of designation and retrospectively at eachbalance sheet date, to ensure that there is no risk of over-coverage. There is no charge or credit in the income statement due toineffectiveness of these hedges.
Most of these macro hedging swaps are carried out against EONIA and are intended to be held until maturity without periodic revision (i.e.they are non-dynamic).
The following table sets out the maturity profile and average fixed rate payable on the hedging instruments that are used in the Group'snon-dynamic hedging strategies:
The Group holds a portfolio of medium and long-term fixed rate customer loans and is, therefore, exposed to changes in fair value due tomovements in market interest rates. The Group manages this risk exposure by entering into interest rate swaps whereby it pays fixed ratesand receives floating rates. The Group applies hedge accounting to these derivatives, which it treats as fair value hedges.
52
In thousands of euro 30/06/2018
Carrying amount of hedged fixed rate loans 438,572
Accumulated amount of fair value adjustments on the hedged loans 6,015
Change in fair value of hedged loans for ineffectiveness assessment (528)
Offsetting financial assets and financial liabilities
30/06/2018
In thousands of euro Gross assets Amounts set
off
Net amounts
as per
balance
sheet
Trading derivative assets 73,633 (27,286) 46,347
Loans and advances to banks 1,952,460 (13,415) 1,939,045
Other assets not subject to netting 11,336,917 - 11,336,917
Total assets 13,363,010 (40,701) 13,322,309
Due to banks 507,504 (5,413) 502,091
Trading derivative liabilities 55,324 (35,288) 20,036
Other liabilities not subject to netting 10,320,853 - 10,320,853
Total liabilities 10,883,681 (40,701) 10,842,980
The following table contains details of the exposure in loans and advances to customers at the period end that are covered by the Group's hedging strategies:
The following table shows the impact on the consolidated balance sheet of offsetting assets and liabilities with the same counterparties.The hypothetical financial impact of netting instruments subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement, or similar agreements, withavailable cash and financial instrument collateral would not be material.
53
Note 3 - Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income
In thousands of euro 30/06/2018
Public bills and similar securities 135,515
Other fixed income securities 1,940
Accrued interest 36
Total FVOCI debt securities 137,491
Strategic equity securities 112,027
Total FVOCI equity securities 112,027
TOTAL 249,518
Note 4 - Available-for-sale financial assets
In thousands of euro 31/12/2017
Public bills and similar securities 112,267
Other fixed income securities 874,085
Accrued interest 337
Total AFS debt securities 986,689
of which impairment losses (9,837)
Total AFS equity securities 609,654
of which impairment losses (124,325)
TOTAL 1,596,343
Note 5 - Securities at amortised cost
In thousands of euro 30/06/2018
Debt securities at amortised cost - gross amount 761,762
Stage 1-2 allowances (271)
TOTAL 761,491
Strategic equity securities designated as FVOCI consist of an 8.4% equity investment in EdRS Group. The security has been held formany years and fluctuations in its short term share price have not been considered relevant to the Group's performance measures.
From 1 January 2018, AFS assets do not exist and have been reclassified to other balance sheet categories (section 3.1.2).
Before 1 January 2018, securities at amortised cost did not exist as a balance sheet category.
As explained in section 1.3, on 6 August 2018 the Group and Edmond de Rothschild completed their agreement to unwind all of theircross-shareholdings. As a result, the holding in EdRS was sold by the Group on that date.
54
Note 6 - Loans and advances to banks
In thousands of euro 30/06/2018 31/12/2017
Interbank demand deposits and overnight loans 875,752 1,032,840
Interbank term deposits and loans 181,467 159,610
Reverse repos and loans secured by bills 880,398 536,456
Accrued interest 1,428 1,247
Loans and advances to banks - gross amount 1,939,045 1,730,153
Allowance for credit losses - -
TOTAL 1,939,045 1,730,153
Note 7 - Loans and advances to customers
In thousands of euro 30/06/2018 31/12/2017
Overdrafts 282,509 186,765
PCL loans to customers 2,486,642 2,446,474
Other loans to customers 323,394 415,189
Accrued interest 18,994 18,414
Loans and advances to customers – gross amount 3,111,539 3,066,842
Specific provisions (IAS 39) - (57,066)
Collective provisions (IAS 39) - (19,857)
Stage 1-2 allowances (IFRS 9) (16,167) -
Stage 3 allowances (IFRS 9) (63,100) -
Allowance for credit losses (79,267) (76,923)
3,032,272 2,989,919
Note 8 - Other assets
In thousands of euro 30/06/2018 31/12/2017
217,384 220,968
16,263 19,288
43,916 75,094
Defined benefit pension scheme assets (note 12) 51,598 19,523
172,882 180,920
Other assets 502,043 515,793
31,360 25,069
106,849 111,001
Prepayments and accruals 138,209 136,070
640,252 651,863
Guarantee deposits paid(1)
TOTAL
Accounts receivable(1)
Settlement accounts for transactions of securities(1)
Other sundry assets
Prepaid expenses
Accrued income(1)
TOTAL
(1) These balances represent other financial assets as reported in section 5.
55
Note 9 - Due to banks and other financial institutions
In thousands of euro 30/06/2018 31/12/2017
Interbank demand and overnight deposits 178,492 261,312
Repurchase agreements 50,000 -
Interbank term deposits and borrowings 268,389 370,145
Accrued interest 5,210 4,920
502,091 636,377
Note 10 - Customer deposits
In thousands of euro 30/06/2018 31/12/2017
Demand deposits 8,570,235 7,085,767
Term deposits 618,455 604,680
Borrowings secured by bills 72,357 79,143
Accrued interest 1,981 1,364
9,263,028 7,770,954
Note 11 - Other liabilities, accruals and deferred income
In thousands of euro 30/06/2018 31/12/2017
Due to employees 398,742 485,443
Other accrued expenses and deferred income 187,898 195,532
Accrued expenses 586,640 680,975
Settlement accounts for transactions of securities(1) 157,024 128,893
Accounts payable (1) 21,575 21,207
Sundry creditors 115,884 118,302
Other liabilities 294,483 268,402
881,123 949,377
(1) These balances represent other financial liabilities as reported in section 5.
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
56
Note 12 - Provisions
In thousands of euro 01/01/2018 Impact of
introduction of
IFRS 9
Charge/
(release)
Utilised Exchange
movement
Other
movements30/06/2018
Provisions for counterparty risk 995 99 - - - - 1,094
Provisions for claims and litigation 30,896 - (2,190) (3,839) 54 10 24,931
Provisions for property 324 - 12 - 3 - 339
Provisions for staff costs 2,783 - 117 - (9) (711) 2,180
Other provisions - - 4,313 - - - 4,313
Subtotal 34,998 99 2,252 (3,839) 48 (701) 32,857
Retirement benefit liabilities 53,272 n/a n/a n/a n/a (20,206) 33,066
TOTAL 88,270 99 2,252 (3,839) 48 (20,907) 65,923
Note 13 - Impairments
In thousands of euro 01/01/2018 Impact of
adopting IFRS 9
Income
statement
charge
Income
statement
reversal
Written off Exchange rate
and other
movements
30/06/2018
Loans and advances to customers (76,923) (4,740) (7,268) 9,323 472 (131) (79,267)
Available-for-sale financial assets (134,162) 134,162 - - - - -
Other financial assets (18,272) (1,207) (1,828) 263 3,118 (479) (18,405)
Securities at amortised cost - (359) - 88 - - (271)
TOTAL (229,357) 127,856 (9,096) 9,674 3,590 (610) (97,943)
The impact of adopting IFRS 9 is explained in section 3.1, in particular in the table disclosed in 3.1.4.
From time to time the Group is involved in legal proceedings or receives claims arising from the conduct of its business. Based uponavailable information and, where appropriate, legal advice, provisions are made where it is probable that an outflow of resources will berequired and the amount can be reliably estimated.
Also within provisions for claims and litigation are amounts set aside to cover estimated costs of other legal proceedings and claimsarising from the conduct of business.
Management believes that the level of provisions made in these financial statements continues to be sufficient for any potential or actualproceedings or claims which are likely to have an impact on the Group’s financial statements, based on information available at thereporting date.
Retirement benefit liabilities (above) and assets (note 8) arise mainly from defined benefit pension schemes in the United Kingdom, theUS and Switzerland, and represent the difference between the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the balance sheet dateand the fair value of any plan assets. The values of assets and obligations in the principal schemes are prepared by qualifiedindependent actuaries for the half year and year-end accounts and the net movement in the liability is shown in the table above. Furtherinformation on retirement benefit obligations is provided in the financial statements for the period ended 31 December 2017.
Other provisions represent a central impairment charge.
57
Note 14 - Deferred tax
In thousands of euro 30/06/2018 31/12/2017
Net (liability) / asset as at beginning of period (374) 1,637
of which deferred tax assets 60,561 67,966
of which deferred tax liabilities (60,935) (66,329)
Recognised in income statement
Income statement (expense) / income (9,763) 1,513
Recognised in equity
Defined benefit pension arrangements (6,891) (2,853)
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income 662 830
Reclassification to current tax (427) 246
Exchange differences (219) (2,032)
Purchase/sale of a subsidiary 6 413
Change in accounting policies 2,006 -
Other 1,932 (128)
NET (LIABILITY)/ASSET AS AT END OF PERIOD (13,068) (374)
of which deferred tax assets 45,738 60,561
of which deferred tax liabilities (58,806) (60,935)
In thousands of euro 30/06/2018 31/12/2017
Deferred profit share arrangements 18,176 22,599
Losses carried forward 10,959 12,171
Defined benefit pension liabilities 1,305 10,300
Provisions 7,481 6,803
Accelerated depreciation 2,640 2,973
Financial assets at fair value 630 116
Other temporary differences 4,547 5,599
TOTAL 45,738 60,561
The movement on the deferred tax account is as follows:
Deferred tax net assets are attributable to the following items:
58
In thousands of euro 30/06/2018 31/12/2017
Fair value adjustments to properties 17,361 17,340
17,254 18,445
13,459 13,674
1,622 1,911
2,078 1,956
7,032 7,609
TOTAL 58,806 60,935
system check
In thousands of euro 30/06/2018 31/12/2017
(1,814) (2,041)
(4,416) (3,182)
(459) (631)
(608) 467
(1,695) 4,120
(981) (405)
210 3,185
TOTAL (9,763) 1,513
Other temporary differences
Intangible assets recognised following acquisition of subsidiaries
Other temporary differences
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if, and only if, there is a legally enforceable right to set-off and the balance relates toincome tax levied by the same tax authority on the same taxable entity or tax group. There must also be the intention and the will tosettle on a net basis or to realise the assets and liabilities simultaneously.
Depreciation differences
Defined benefit pension liabilities
Allowances for loan losses
Tax losses carried forward
Deferred profit share arrangements
Financial assets carried at fair value
The deferred tax (expense) / income in the income statement comprises the following temporary differences:
Financial assets at fair value
The majority of the Group's deferred tax assets are in NMR, a UK subsidiary. For these financial statements, NMR considers thatthere will be sufficient profits within eight years to utilise deferred tax assets that remain recognised on its balance sheet.
Accelerated capital allowances
Defined benefit pension assets
In accordance with the Group’s accounting policy, some deductible temporary differences have not given rise to the recognition ofdeferred tax assets, mainly in the United States, Canada, the UK and Asia. Unrecognised deferred tax assets amounted to €60.8million at 30 June 2018 (€56.7 million at 31 December 2017).
Deferred tax net liabilities are attributable to the following items:
59
Note 15 - Structured entities
- remuneration and other economic interests in aggregate; and
- kick-out rights.
In thousands of euro Equity funds Debt funds TOTAL
Total assets within the underlying vehicles 1,990,554 4,300,805 6,291,359
Assets under management including third party commitments 3,312,036 5,244,310 8,556,346
Interest held in the Group's balance sheet:
Financial assets at FVTPL 383,340 85,071 468,411
Financial investments at amortised cost - 38,431 38,431
Loans and advances to customers 19,313 4,496 23,809
Total assets in the Group's balance sheet 402,653 127,998 530,651
Off-balance sheet commitments made by the Group 241,144 51,959 293,103
Group's maximum exposure 643,797 179,957 823,754
A structured entity is one which has been designed so that voting or similar rights are not the dominant factor in deciding whocontrols the entity. It will often have restricted activities and a narrow or well-defined objective and can include some investmentfunds.
In most cases it is clear under IFRS 10 that the Group need not consolidate its investments in structured entities. However, somestructured entities are managed by the Group in the form of funds in which the Group's own money is also invested. In thesesituations, a judgement must be made as to whether there is a need to consolidate these funds or not. To do this, a combinedassessment of two key indicators is made:
To assess economic interests it is considered, at a particular level of returns, how much of any further increase in the performanceof a fund accrues to the manager ("the variability of the economic interest"). The level of returns at which this is measured is thelevel at which performance fees begin to accrue.
A high level of variability would support the conclusion that a manager might be a principal (and would probably consolidate themanaged fund). Meanwhile, a low level of variability would indicate that a manager might be an agent for the other investors (andwould probably not consolidate).
Additionally, negligible rights for the investors to remove the manager or transfer their funds might indicate that a manager is aprincipal (and would probably consolidate) while strong rights might suggest that a manager is an agent (and would probably notconsolidate).
The Group's judgement is guided by both IFRS 10 and its understanding of market practice.
Interest in unconsolidated structured entities
The following table shows the Group’s interest in unconsolidated structured entities which it manages.
30/06/2018
60
Note 16 - Non-controlling interests
01/01/18
30/06/18
(6 months)
30/06/2018 01/01/18
30/06/18
(6 months)
01/04/17
30/09/17
(6 months)
31/12/2017 01/04/17
30/09/17
(6 months)
In thousands of euro Net income Amounts in the
balance sheet
Distributions Net income Amounts in the
balance sheet
Distributions
Preferred shares 54,420 68,723 155,763 78,533 170,036 1,038
Perpetual subordinated debt 7,393 291,715 7,407 7,021 288,999 6,926
Rothschild Holding AG group 2,233 59,544 535 1,269 58,271 744
Other 411 11,462 546 936 22,903 918
TOTAL 64,457 431,444 164,251 87,759 540,209 9,626
Preferred shares
Perpetual subordinated debt
In thousands of euro 30/06/2018 31/12/2017
167,239 166,605
58,492 58,270
65,984 64,124
TOTAL 291,715 288,999
Subsidiaries inside the Group have issued perpetual subordinated debt instruments which have discretionary clauses relating tothe payment of the interest. Under IFRS, these instruments are considered to be equity instruments and are shown as part ofNCI because they were issued by subsidiaries and not held by the Group. The interest payable on these instruments is shown asa charge to NCI. The instruments are shown below.
Non-controlling interests (NCI) represent the share of fully consolidated subsidiaries that is not directly or indirectly attributable tothe Group. These interests comprise the equity instruments which have been issued by these subsidiaries and which are not heldby the Group. The Group's income, net assets and distributions which are attributable to NCI arise from the following sources:
Preferred shares within NCI mainly consist of amounts calculated in accordance with legal clauses applicable to French limitedpartnerships owned by Rothschild Martin Maurel SCS, the French holding company of our WAM and GA businesses located inFrance. The preferred amounts are based on the partnerships' individual local earnings, and take into account the share thatrelates to workers' remuneration.
Perpetual fixed rate subordinated notes 9 per cent (£125 million)
Perpetual floating rate subordinated notes (€150 million)
Perpetual floating rate subordinated notes (US$200 million)
61
Rothschild Holding AG group
In thousands of euro
01/01/18
30/06/18
(6 months)
01/04/17
31/12/17
(9 months)
113,004 158,839
26,817 19,109
(3,903) (38,728)
22,914 (19,619)
30/06/2018 31/12/2017
3,046,265 2,658,600
175,602 255,165
1,215,299 1,120,016
418,389 412,845
4,855,555 4,446,626
3,075,407 2,743,959
1,146,962 1,086,180
4,222,369 3,830,139
633,186 616,487
Note 17 - Net cash and cash equivalents
In thousands of euro 30/06/2018 31/12/2017
4,859,507 3,868,907
875,752 1,032,840
506,739 281,672
Interbank demand deposits and overnight loans (liabilities) and due to central banks (178,492) (261,312)
TOTAL 6,063,506 4,922,107
Cash includes cash on hand and demand deposits placed with banks. Other cash equivalents are short term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of value change. These comprise overnight interbank reverse repos and public bills which are held for trading.
Cash and accounts with central banks
Interbank demand deposits and overnight loans (assets)
Other cash equivalents
For the purposes of drawing up the cash flow statement, the "cash and cash equivalents" items are analysed as follows:
(1) Other comprehensive income in RHAG comprises gains and losses from translation, actuarial movements and revaluation of long-standing
shareholdings.
As explained in section 1.3 above, on 6 August 2018 the Group and Edmond de Rothschild completed their agreement to unwindall of their cross-shareholdings. As a result, from that date RHAG will be wholly owned by the Group. The transactions to unwindthe cross-shareholdings will be accounted for in the second half of 2018.
Total assets
Other liabilities
Total liabilities
Shareholders' equity
Due to customers
Cash and amounts due from central banks
Loans and advances to banks
Loans and advances to customers
Other assets
Total comprehensive income for the period
Balance sheet information
At 30 June 2018 the Group held a 90.09% (31 December 2017: 90.09%) economic interest in the equity of Rothschild HoldingAG (RHAG), the Swiss holding company of part of our Wealth Management business. The non-controlling interest in the Group'sincome statement and balance sheet is calculated based on this economic interest.
The following table shows a summarised income statement and balance sheet of the RHAG group of companies.
RHAG Group
Income statement information
Net banking revenue
Net income
Total other comprehensive income for the period, after tax (1)
62
Commitments given30/06/2018 31/12/2017
259 1,500
343,375 418,186
Loan commitments 343,634 419,686
50,124 45,208
102,345 98,956
Guarantee commitments 152,469 144,164
241,749 264,057
Irrevocable nominee commitments 156,927 130,601
40,803 57,229
Other commitments given 439,479 451,887
Commitments received
30/06/2018 31/12/2017
263,763 313,727
Loan commitments 263,763 313,727
87,547 97,184
- 3,232
Guarantee commitments 87,547 100,416
Operating lease commitments payable
Land and
buildingsOther
Land and
buildingsOther
Up to one year 35,418 1,726 34,295 1,698
Between one and five years 126,934 1,993 118,230 983
Over five years 109,210 - 124,846 -
TOTAL 271,562 3,719 277,371 2,681
30/06/2018
Received from banks
Given to banks
Investment commitments relate to Merchant Banking funds and investments. Irrevocable nominee commitments representcommitments to funds where the Group acts as a nominee on behalf of its clients. The commitment to employees in respect ofdeferred remuneration is set out in note 24.
31/12/2017
In thousands of euro
Received from banks
Received from customers
The operating lease commitments above mainly relate to leases of rented offices around the world.
Note 18 - Commitments given and received
In thousands of euro
Given to customers
Given to banks
Given to customers
Investment commitments
Pledged assets and other commitments given
In thousands of euro
63
7. Notes to the income statementNote 19 - Net interest income
Interest income
In thousands of euro
01/01/18
30/06/18
(6 months)
01/04/17
30/09/17
(6 months)
Interest income - loans to banks 2,489 2,993
Interest income - loans to customers 35,093 33,660
Interest income - available-for-sale instruments - 4,770
Interest income - debt securities at FVTPL 410 -
Interest income - debt securities at FVOCI 105 -
Interest income - debt securities at amortised cost 2,653 -
Interest income - derivatives 27,326 25,393
Interest income - other financial assets 295 1,121
TOTAL 68,371 67,937
Interest expense
In thousands of euro
01/01/18
30/06/18
(6 months)
01/04/17
30/09/17
(6 months)
Interest expense - due to banks and other financial institutions (8,072) (5,610)
Negative interest income from loans to banks (12,689) (13,636)
Interest expense - due to customers (5,975) (6,460)
Interest expense - debt securities in issue (36) (85)
Interest expense - derivatives (1,482) (1,918)
Interest expense - other financial liabilities (1,058) (1,372)
TOTAL (29,312) (29,081)
Note 20 - Net fee and commission income
Fee and commission income
In thousands of euro
01/01/18
30/06/18
(6 months)
01/04/17
30/09/17
(6 months)
Fees for advisory work and other services 644,615 502,112
Portfolio and other management fees 272,911 265,207
Banking and credit-related fees and commissions 3,068 4,030
Other fees 6,989 7,886
TOTAL 927,583 779,235
Fee and commission expense
In thousands of euro
01/01/18
30/06/18
(6 months)
01/04/17
30/09/17
(6 months)
Fees for advisory work and other services (6,223) (6,929)
Portfolio and other management fees (38,523) (37,453)
Banking and credit-related fees and commissions (312) (301)
Other fees (2,459) (2,835)
TOTAL (47,517) (47,518)
The first-time application of IFRS 15 has no impact on the accounting principles applicable to fee and commission income.
64
In thousands of euro
01/01/18
30/06/18
(6 months)
01/04/17
30/09/17
(6 months)
Net income - financial instruments at fair value through profit or loss 47,549 24,637
Net income - carried interest 27,269 15,893
Net income - foreign exchange operations 12,784 11,406
Net income - equity securities and related derivatives held for trading - 639
Net income - other trading operations (3) 1,624
TOTAL 87,599 54,199
In thousands of euro
01/01/18
30/06/18
(6 months)
Dividend income from strategic equity securities designated at FVOCI -
TOTAL -
In thousands of euro
01/04/17
30/09/17
(6 months)
Gains or losses on disposal 27,347
Impairment losses on AFS equities (1,345)
Dividend income 2,750
TOTAL 28,752
Note 21 - Net gains / (losses) on financial instruments at fair value through profit or loss
Net gains and losses on financial instruments at fair value through profit or loss include the changes in fair value of financialinstruments at fair value through profit or loss, and financial instruments held in the trading portfolio, including derivatives.
Dividend income from the Group's interest in EdRS is included as dividend income within "net income / (expense) from otherassets" (note 26).
Financial instruments at fair value through profit or loss include both ordinary equity and carried interest shares held by theGroup in its Merchant Banking funds. They also include certain loans made to its Merchant Banking funds.
Note 22 - Net gains / (losses) on financial assets at fair value through other
comprehensive income
Note 23 - Net gains / (losses) on available-for-sale financial assets
65
Note 24 - Operating expenses
In thousands of euro
01/01/18
30/06/18
(6 months)
01/04/17
30/09/17
(6 months)
Compensation and other staff costs (567,810) (472,146)
Defined benefit pension expenses (8,381) (9,821)
Defined contribution pension expenses (6,278) (6,280)
Staff costs (582,469) (488,247)
Administrative expenses (150,440) (146,426)
TOTAL (732,909) (634,673)
Staff costs
In thousands of euro
Impairment Impairment
reversal
Recovered
loans01/01/18
30/06/18
(6 months)
01/04/17
30/09/17
(6 months)
Loans and advances to customers (7,268) 9,246 77 2,055 (3,801)
Available for sale financial assets - - - - 1,120
Securities at amortised cost - 88 - 88 -
Other assets (1,828) 263 - (1,565) (1,675)
TOTAL (9,096) 9,597 77 578 (4,356)
As part of its variable pay strategy, the Group pays bonuses to employees. In some cases, the cash payment is deferred tofuture years.
Deferred cash awards are paid one, two and three years after the year of the award, and the expense is recognised over thetwo, three and four-year periods from the start of the year of the award to the date of payment. These awards are paid on thecondition that the recipient is still an employee of the Group. For certain employees, a portion of the deferred bonus will besettled in the form of R&Co shares rather than cash, in response to the Capital Requirements Directive 4 (CRD4). The R&Coshares are released to the employees six months after the vesting date of the award.
A commitment to employees exists in connection with this deferred remuneration. Some of this has not yet accrued because itrelates to a future service period. The amount of potential future payments that have not yet accrued is €88.1 million (€79.2million as at 31 December 2017).
The objective of the deferred share-based payment awards is to link the reward of certain key staff with the performance of theGroup. In addition to the requirement to remain employed by the Group, these awards may also be cancelled under specificcircumstances.
Note 25 - Cost of risk
66
Note 26 - Net income / (expense) from other assets
In thousands of euro
01/01/18
30/06/18
(6 months)
01/04/17
30/09/17
(6 months)
Dividend from long-standing shareholding, designated at FVOCI 5,474 5,242
Non-operating income / (expense) (145) -
Gains / (losses) on sales of tangible or intangible assets (376) 875
Gains / (losses) on acquisition, disposal and impairment of subsidiaries and associates (4,314) (358)
TOTAL 639 5,759
Note 27 - Income tax expense
In thousands of euro
01/01/18
30/06/18
(6 months)
01/04/17
30/09/17
(6 months)
Current tax (26,492) (33,824)
Deferred tax (9,763) 4,152
TOTAL (36,255) (29,672)
Current tax
In thousands of euro
01/01/18
30/06/18
(6 months)
01/04/17
30/09/17
(6 months)
Tax charge for the period (28,905) (25,120)
Adjustments related to prior periods 4,506 (3,154)
Irrecoverable dividend-related tax (2,133) (3,729)
Other 40 (1,821)
TOTAL (26,492) (33,824)
Deferred tax
In thousands of euro
01/01/18
30/06/18
(6 months)
01/04/17
30/09/17
(6 months)
Temporary differences (9,288) 4,138
Changes in tax rates 309 248
Adjustments related to prior years (784) (234)
TOTAL (9,763) 4,152
The net tax charge can be analysed between a current tax charge and a deferred tax charge as follows:
67
Reconciliation of the tax charge between the French standard tax rate and the effective rate
In thousands of euro
01/01/18
30/06/18
(6 months)
01/04/17
30/09/17
(6 months)
Profit before tax 261,773 205,632
Expected tax charge at standard French corporate
income tax rate34.4% 90,128 34.4% 70,799
Main reconciling items (1)
Impact of foreign profits and losses taxed at different rates
(15.0%) (39,251) (13.1%) (27,035)
Tax on partnership profits recognised outside the Group (6.3%) (16,533) (11.9%) (24,443)
Tax impacts relating to prior years (1.4%) (3,722) +1.6% 3,332
Tax on income from associate recorded net of tax (0.2%) (410) (0.1%) (295)
Tax impact on deferred tax relating to change of the corporate income tax rate
(0.1%) (309) (0.1%) (160)
Permanent differences +0.3% 909 +0.4% 843
(Gains) / losses where no deferred tax is recognised +0.5% 1,382 (0.5%) (1,113)
Tax on dividends received through partnerships +0.6% 1,457 +1.8% 3,602
Irrecoverable and other dividend-related taxes +0.8% 2,133 +1.8% 3,729
Other tax impacts +0.2% 471 +0.2% 413
Actual tax charge 13.8% 36,255 14.4% 29,672
EFFECTIVE TAX RATE 13.8% 14.4%
(1) The categories used in the comparative disclosure are presented in a way that is consistent with the categories used to explain the tax in the current period.
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Note 28 - Related parties
In thousands of euro Companies
accounted
for by the
equity method
Executive
Directors
Other
related
parties
Companies
accounted
for by the
equity method
Executive
Directors
Other
related
parties
Assets
Loans and advances to customers 5,037 - 9,706 4,925 - 10,111
Other assets 2 - 6 25 - 39
TOTAL ASSETS 5,039 - 9,712 4,950 - 10,150
Liabilities
Due to customers - 2,622 66,478 - 2,814 56,133
Other liabilities 145 - - - - -
TOTAL LIABILITIES 145 2,622 66,478 - 2,814 56,133
Loan and guarantee commitments
Guarantees and commitments given - - 1,559 - - 125
TOTAL COMMITMENTS - - 1,559 - - 125
In thousands of euro Companies
accounted
for by the
equity method
Executive
Directors
Other
related
parties
Companies
accounted
for by the
equity method
Executive
Directors
Other
related
parties
Income and expenses from transactions with related parties
Net interest received 113 12 6 - - 17
Net fee and commission income / (expense) (410) - - - - -
Other income - - 62 1,120 - 237
TOTAL NET BANKING INCOME (297) 12 68 1,120 - 254
Other expenses (285) - (1,188) (348) - (732)
TOTAL EXPENSES (285) - (1,188) (348) - (732)
01/01/18
30/06/18
(6 months)
01/04/17
30/09/17
(6 months)
30/06/2018 31/12/2017
69
Note 29 - Segmental information
Segmental information split by businessIn thousands of euro Global
Advisory
Wealth &
Asset
Management
Merchant
Banking
Other
business and
corporate
centre
Total before
IFRS
reconciliation
IFRS
reconciliation
01/01/18
30/06/18
(6 months)
Net banking income 636,085 261,439 104,973 15,159 1,017,656 (11,140) 1,006,516
Operating expenses (529,515) (217,475) (33,532) (29,638) (810,160) 63,472 (746,688)
Cost of risk - - - - - 578 578
Operating income 106,570 43,964 71,441 (14,479) 207,496 52,910 260,406
Share of profits of associated entities - - - - - 728 728
Non-operating income - - - - - 639 639
Profit before tax 106,570 43,964 71,441 (14,479) 207,496 54,277 261,773
In thousands of euro Global
Advisory
Wealth &
Asset
Management
Merchant
Banking
Other
business and
corporate
centre
Total before
IFRS
reconciliation
IFRS
reconciliation
01/04/17
30/09/17
(6 months)
Net banking income 492,072 246,906 97,484 19,523 855,985 (3,639) 852,346
Operating expenses (431,572) (220,433) (31,900) (28,092) (711,997) 63,005 (648,992)
Cost of risk - - - - - (4,356) (4,356)
Operating income 60,500 26,473 65,584 (8,569) 143,988 55,010 198,998
Share of profits of associated entities - - - - - 875 875
Non-operating income - - - - - 5,759 5,759
Profit before tax 60,500 26,473 65,584 (8,569) 143,988 61,644 205,632
Net banking income split by geographical segments
In thousands of euro
01/01/18
30/06/18
(6 months)
%
01/04/17
30/09/17
(6 months)
%
United Kingdom and Channel Islands 342,005 34% 181,585 21%
France 245,094 24% 292,724 34%
Rest of Europe 190,446 19% 151,433 18%
Americas 126,523 13% 133,064 16%
Switzerland 60,999 6% 60,020 7%
Australia and Asia 29,209 3% 26,146 3%
Other 12,240 1% 7,374 1%
TOTAL 1,006,516 100% 852,346 100%
The breakdown by geographic segment is based on the geographic location of the entity that records the income.
The table below presents a segmental analysis by business line, used internally for assessing business performance, which is then adjustedto conform to the Group's statutory accounting policies. The reconciliation to IFRS mainly reflects: the treatment of profit share paid to Frenchpartners as non-controlling interests; accounting for deferred bonuses over the period that they are earned; the application of IAS 19 fordefined benefit pension schemes; a central impairment provision in "net income / (expense) from other assets"; and reallocation ofimpairments and certain operating income and expenses for presentational purposes.
Following the change of financial year end, further consolidated income statement data has been prepared to aid comparison betweenreporting periods. This information includes additional segmental information and is set out in section 1. Highlights.
70
Note 30 - Earnings per share
Net income - Group share (millions of euro)
preferred dividends adjustment (millions of euro)
Net income - Group share after preferred dividends adjustment (millions of euro)
Basic average number of shares in issue - 000s
Earnings per share - basic (euro)
Diluted average number of shares in issue - 000s
Earnings per share - diluted (euro)
Note 31 - Consolidation scope
Company nameCountry of
operation
% Group
voting
interest
% Group
ownership
interest
% Group
voting
interest
% Group
ownership
interest
30/06/2018 31/12/2017
Concordia Holding SARL France 100.00 99.98 100.00 99.98 FC FC
K Développement SAS France 100.00 99.98 100.00 99.98 FC FC
Rothschild Martin Maurel SCS (2) France 99.99 99.82 99.99 99.82 FC FC
Rothschild GmbH Germany 100.00 99.66 100.00 99.66 FC FC
Rothshild Bank International Limited Guernsey 100.00 99.52 100.00 99.52 FC FC
Rothschild Europe BV Netherlands 100.00 99.66 100.00 99.66 FC FC
Rothschild Bank AG Switzerland 100.00 90.09 100.00 90.09 FC FC
Rothschild Concordia AG Switzerland 100.00 99.10 100.00 99.10 FC FC
Rothschild Holding AG (3) Switzerland 90.52 90.09 90.52 90.09 FC FC
Rothschilds Continuation Holdings AG (3) Switzerland 99.99 99.52 99.99 99.52 FC FC
N M Rothschild & Sons Limited United Kingdom 100.00 99.52 100.00 99.52 FC FC
Rothschild North America Inc. United States of
America
100.00 99.52 100.00 99.52 FC FC
(1) FC: full consolidation.
2.10 1.15
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing Net income - Group share (after removing accrued preferred dividends, which arenot part of the profit earned by ordinary shareholders) by the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the period.
Diluted earnings per share are calculated using the treasury share method, whereby net income is divided by the weighted averagenumber of ordinary shares outstanding plus the bonus number of ordinary shares that would be issued through dilutive option orshare awards. Share options and awards which are dilutive are those which are in the money, based on the average share priceduring the period. The majority of potential ordinary shares which are not dilutive are connected to the R&Co Equity Scheme.
(2) Some subsidiaries are limited partnerships (sociétés en commandite simple). The percentage interest recorded in the consolidated accounts is calculated in
accordance with the statutory regulations applicable to limited partnerships based on the individual results of each partnership, after taking into consideration the
share attributable to workers' remuneration.
160.4 87.8
75,108
01/01/18
30/06/18
(6 months)
01/04/17
30/09/17
(6 months)
161.1 88.2
(0.7) (0.4)
(3) Following completion on 6 August 2018 of the agreement to unwind cross-shareholdings with Edmond de Rothschild, the Group has a voting interest of
100% from this date.
74,531
2.14 1.18
As there were no gains or losses on discontinued activities, the earnings per share on continuing activities are the same as earningsper share.
Following the change of financial year end, further earnings per share data has been prepared to aid comparison between reportingperiods. This further data is set out in section 1. Highlights.
As at 30 June 2018, the main entities in the Group's consolidation scope can be summarised as follows.
30/06/2018 31/12/2017 Consolidation
method (1)
76,401 76,113
71
This is a free translation into English of the statutory auditors’ review report on the half-yearly financial information issued in French and is provided solely for the convenience of English-speaking users. This report includes information relating to the specific verification of information given in the Group’s half-yearly management report. This report should be read in conjunction with, and construed in accordance with, French law and professional standards applicable in France.
For the period from January 1, 2018 to June 30, 2018
To the Shareholders,
In compliance with the assignment entrusted to us by your General Meeting and in accordance
with the requirements of article L. 451-1-2 III of the French Monetary and Financial Code ("Code
monétaire et financier"), we hereby report to you on:
the review of the accompanying half-year summary consolidated financial statements of
Rothschild & CO S.C.A., for the period from January 1, 2018 to June 30, 2018,
the verification of the information presented in the half-yearly management report.
These half-year summary consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the
Management. Our role is to express a conclusion on these financial statements based on our
review.
I. Conclusion on the financial statements
We conducted our review in accordance with professional standards applicable in France. A
review of interim financial information consists of making inquiries, primarily of persons
responsible for financial and accounting matters, and applying analytical and other review
procedures. A review is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with
professional standards applicable in France and consequently does not enable us to obtain
assurance that we would become aware of all significant matters that might be identified in an
audit. Accordingly, we do not express an audit opinion.
Based on our review, nothing has come to our attention that causes us to believe that the
accompanying half-year summary consolidated financial statements are not prepared, in all
material respects, in accordance with IAS 34 - standard of the IFRSs as adopted by the
European Union applicable to interim financial information.
Without prejudice to the conclusion expressed above, we draw your attention to the first time
application of IFRS 9 “Financial Instruments” explained in Note 3 “adoption of new accounting
standards” and Note 4.4 “changes in significant accounting policies” in the summary
consolidated financial statements.
II. Specific verification
We have also verified the information presented in the half-yearly management report on the
half-year summary consolidated financial statements subject to our review. We have no matters
to report as to its fair presentation and consistency with the half-year summary consolidated
financial statements.
Paris La Défense, on September 25, 2018
KPMG S.A.
Arnaud Bourdeille
Partner
Paris, on September 25, 2018
Cailliau Dedouit et Associés
Sandrine Le Mao
Partner
Statutory Auditors’ review on the half-year consolidated financial information
72
Persons responsible for the half-year financial report
Rothschild & Co Gestion SAS Mark CrumpManaging Partner Group Chief Financial Officer
Paris, 25 September 2018
Statement by the persons responsible for the half-year financial report
We hereby declare that, to the best of our knowledge, the the summary interim consolidated financial statements for the past six-month period havebeen prepared in accordance with the applicable accounting standards and give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profitor loss of the Company and all the other companies included in the scope of consolidation, and that the half-year activity report includes a fair reviewof the material events that occurred in the first six months of the financial year, their impact on the interim accounts and the main transactionsbetween related parties, together with a description of the principal risks and uncertainties for the remaining six months of the year.
Rothschild & Co Gestion SASManaging Partner
Represented by Alexandre de Rothschild, Chairman
Mark CrumpGroup Chief Financial Officer
73
About Rothschild & Co
With a team of c.3,500 talented financial services specialists on the ground in over 40 countries across the world, our integrated global network of trusted professionals provide in-depth market intelligence and effective long-term solutions for our clients in Global Advisory, Private Wealth & Asset Management, and Merchant Banking. Rothschild & Co is family-controlled and independent and has been at the centre of the world’s financial markets for over 200 years.
Rothschild & Co is a French partnership limited by shares (société en commandite par actions) listed on Euronext in Paris, Compartment A with a share capital of €154,925,024. Paris trade and companies registry 302 519 228. Registered office: 23 bis avenue de Messine, 75008 Paris, France.
For further information:
Investor RelationsMarie-Laure BecquartTel.: +33 (0)1 40 74 65 [email protected]
Media RelationsCaroline NicoTel.: +33 (0)1 40 74 43 [email protected]
For more information, please visit www.rothschildandco.com
Financial calendar:13 November 2018 Third quarter information 2018 (July - September)
12 March 2019 Full year results 2018 (January - December)14 May 2019 First quarter information 2019 (January - March)16 May 2019 Annual General Meeting
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Annual Report 2017