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American EnglishP^terLadefoged
Department ofLii\guist\LossAn^ eli
There are many different dialects ofimproper to refer to any one
of thenjiillustrated here is that of youngerMid-Western parts of
the Unitedtranscription is based is that of a 21->California.
Speakers from other partsNorthern cities of the
Mid-Westconservative, with a greater number
English spoken in North America,simply as American English .
Th
ediicated Americans in the Far-WesterStates. The speech in the
recordiear-old speaker who has lived all hof the United States,
such as the Edifferent dialects, nearly all ofvowels.
haveof^
istics, UCLA, 405 HilgardAvenue,^es, CA 90095-1543, USA
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42 Handbook ofthe IPAVowels
Monophthongs Diphthongs
qualjities of the vowels shown in the charts are based on
observations
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Illustrat
(1)aiau01
(2)aiau01o
(3:aiao01o
StressEnglish has a very strong distinctionstressed syllables
being longer, louder,stress placement is partially predictable,in
noun/verb pairs like [ eksport/eJc sport]frequently have one or
more syllabLjsthe marks (primary stress) and
,(secondary
(4)aia^019
buyboughboya(bove)
between stressed and unstresseand often marked by a pitch
excthere are many instances where
in contrast to [so port/ss portwith a secondary stress. Stress
is
stress),
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44 Handbook of the IPABroad transcription69 noj9 ,wind on (5)9
sAn wo- dis pjutiq witj woz 59 sttiaev9k)- ,kem 9 laq laept in 9
woim klok. 5e 9 gjid 59t 59S9k sidsid in mekiq 59 tjaev9l9- tek iz
klok ,af Jud bi k9n s59n 5i 959-. 5en 59 nojG ,wmd blu 9Z hcud 9z i
kud, b9t 59moi klosli did 59 tiaevl9- fold hiz klok 9 jaund im;
,aen 9t.wind ,gev Ap 5i 9 tempt. 5en 59 sAn Jaind ,aut woimli,
9ntjaevl9- tuk ,af iz klok. 9n so 59 noj9 ,wind W9z 9 blai3 tiSAn
W9z 59 stiai]g9- 9v 59 tu.Narrow transcription59 nojO .wind 9n 9
SAn W9- dis pjuriq witJ W9Z 59 stiai3g9-,,kem 9 laq jaept in 9 wojm
klok. 5e 9 gjid 59t 59 wAn hu f9
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Handbook of the International Phonetic AssocA Guide to the Use
of the International PhoneInternational Phonetic Association, July
1999
