Rock ClimbingRock Climbing

OP 110OP 110

Rock ClimbingRock Climbing Rock climbing has gained significant Rock climbing has gained significant

popularity over the past number of years. popularity over the past number of years. Because of this rise in popularity, Because of this rise in popularity, professional associations have developed professional associations have developed standards, certification programs, and standards, certification programs, and general climbing information.general climbing information.

Some of these groups are: Some of these groups are: – Association of Experiential Education (AEE)Association of Experiential Education (AEE)– American Mountain Guides Association (AMGA)American Mountain Guides Association (AMGA)– The Access FundThe Access Fund– Leave No Trace (LNT)Leave No Trace (LNT)– American Safe Climbing AssociationAmerican Safe Climbing Association– Local ClubsLocal Clubs

Types of rock climbing and Types of rock climbing and terminologyterminology

1.1. Free Climbing: Using ropes, natural (e.g., Free Climbing: Using ropes, natural (e.g., trees, boulders) and artificial protection trees, boulders) and artificial protection (e.g., nuts, camming devices) to ascend (e.g., nuts, camming devices) to ascend rock. Ropes and anchors are not used to rock. Ropes and anchors are not used to support the climber’s weight during the support the climber’s weight during the ascent of the climb, but to protect the ascent of the climb, but to protect the climber in the event of a fallclimber in the event of a fall

2.2. Aid Climbing: Ropes and aids are used to Aid Climbing: Ropes and aids are used to support the climber’s weight during the support the climber’s weight during the ascent. Special aids might include rope ascent. Special aids might include rope ladders or special hooks.ladders or special hooks.

Free Climbing

Aid Climbing

Types of rock climbing and Types of rock climbing and terminologyterminology

3. Free Soloing: Climbing alone with or 3. Free Soloing: Climbing alone with or without the use of ropes or any means without the use of ropes or any means of protection in the event of a fall.of protection in the event of a fall.

4. Bouldering: Attempting a series of 4. Bouldering: Attempting a series of moves without any safety equipment. moves without any safety equipment. The climber typically does not stray The climber typically does not stray farther than 10-12 feet from the farther than 10-12 feet from the ground, and spotters are used for ground, and spotters are used for safety.safety.

Free Soloing

Bouldering

Types of rock climbing and Types of rock climbing and terminologyterminology

5. Lead Climbing: An experienced climber 5. Lead Climbing: An experienced climber begins at the base of the climb, places begins at the base of the climb, places anchors (camming devices, nuts, or bolts) anchors (camming devices, nuts, or bolts) and runs the ropes through these anchors and runs the ropes through these anchors as he/she advances. Lead climbing as he/she advances. Lead climbing requires specialized knowledge and requires specialized knowledge and experience to execute safely.experience to execute safely.

6. Traditional climbing: The lead climber 6. Traditional climbing: The lead climber places passive (nonbolted) or camming places passive (nonbolted) or camming anchors into the natural features of the anchors into the natural features of the rock.rock.

Traditional Climbing

Types of rock climbing and Types of rock climbing and terminologyterminology

7. Sport Climbing: As opposed to traditional climbing, 7. Sport Climbing: As opposed to traditional climbing, this is generally considered to mean climbing this is generally considered to mean climbing routes that have permanent protection (e.g., bolts routes that have permanent protection (e.g., bolts already in place)already in place)

8. Top-rope climbing: A type of free climbing where 8. Top-rope climbing: A type of free climbing where the climber is belayed from the top or bottom of the the climber is belayed from the top or bottom of the rock face using an anchor at the top of a climb. This rock face using an anchor at the top of a climb. This is a common technique used for single pitch climbs is a common technique used for single pitch climbs for beginners and institutional groups.for beginners and institutional groups.

10. Rappelling: Descending a fixed rope (with a single 10. Rappelling: Descending a fixed rope (with a single or double rope) by means of friction (belay/rappel) or double rope) by means of friction (belay/rappel) device attached to the harness. Should be done device attached to the harness. Should be done when possible with a backup belay rope. when possible with a backup belay rope.

Sport Climbing

Rappelling

VideoVideo

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