INTRODUCTION

CNC turning produces parts by "turning" rod material and feeding a cutting tool into the turning material.  In CNC turning the cutter can be fed into the rotating workpiece at a variety of angles and many tool shapes can be used. CNC turning provides an economical way to make parts that are commonly symmetrical about an axis of revolution (e.g. a chess pawn).  Shapes that can be made using CNC turning include a variety of plain, taper, contour, fillet and radius profiles plus threaded surfaces. Although many turned parts use a single axis of revolution, there can be multiple axis to allow more flexibility (e.g. camshafts). CNC turning can be combined with CNC milling and other processes to make more diverse shapes.

CNC turning can shape most rigid materials such as: Aluminum Stainless Steel

Copper

Nylon

Steel

Acetal

Polycarbonate

Acrylic

Brass

Teflon

Titanium

ABS

PVC

Sterling Silver

Bronze

Examples of parts made by CNC turning include: Robot Parts Shift knobs

Motorcycle Parts

Auto Parts

Toy Parts

Knobs

Pulleys

Shafts

Hubs

Bushings

Flywheels

SPECIFICATION OF CNC TURNING BRIDGEPORT POWERPATH 15

Machine type : horizontal

Number of axes : 2

Cutting diameter : 280mm

Cutting length : 540mm

Bar/bore : 51mm

Tool station : 0

Spindle : 1

Motor power :11 Kw

Spindle speed : 5000rpm

BRIDGEPORT/ POWERPATH 15

FANUC CONTROL

G-CODES M-CODES

G0 Positioning (Rapid Traverse)

G01 Linear Interpolation

G02 Circular Interpolation CW

G03 Circular Interpolation CCW

G04 Dwell

G28 Return To Reference Point

G30 Floating Reference Point

G40 Tool Nose Radius Compensation CANCEL

G41 Tool Nose Radius Compensation LEFT

G42 Tool Nose Radius Compensation RIGHT

M00 Program Stop

M01 Optional Stop

M03 Spindle Rotation CW

M04 Spindle Rotation CCW

M05 Spindle Stop

M08 Coolant ON

M09 Coolant OFF

M10 Chuck Close

M11 Chuck Open

M30 End Of Program

M82 Tail Stock Quill Advance

M83 Tail Stock Quill Retract

G50 Maximum Spindle Speed

G70 Finishing Cycle

G71 Stock Removal Turning

G72 Stock Removal Facing

G73 Copy Turning

G76 Thread Cutting Cycle

G80 Canned Cycle CANCEL

G81 Drill Canned Cycle

G82 Spot Drill Canned Cycle

G83 Peck Drill Canned Cycle

G84 Tapping Canned Cycle

G96 Constant Speed Control ON

G97 Constant Speed Control CANCEL

OSP CONTROL

G-CODES M-CODES

G0 Positioning (Rapid Traverse)

G01 Linear Interpolation

G02 Circular Interpolation CW

G03 Circular Interpolation CCW

G04 Dwell

G28 Return To Reference Point

G30 Floating Reference Point

G40 Tool Nose Radius Compensation CANCEL

G41 Tool Nose Radius Compensation LEFT

G42 Tool Nose Radius Compensation RIGHT

M00 Program Stop

M01 Optional Stop

M03 Spindle Rotation CW

M04 Spindle Rotation CCW

M05 Spindle Stop

M08 Coolant ON

M09 Coolant OFF

M02 End Of Program

M55 Tail Stock Quill Retract

M56 Tail Stock Quill Advance

M63 Ignore Spindle Rotation And M Code Answer

M83 Chuck Clamp

M84 Chuck Open

G50 Maximum Spindle Speed

G70 Finishing Cycle

G80 End Of Lap Cycle

G81 Start Of Lap Turning Cycle

G82 Start Of Lap Facing Cycle

G85 Stock Removal Turning

G86 Copy Turning

G96 Constant Speed Control ON

G97 Constant Speed Control CANC

COMMONLY USED G-CODES IN CNC LATHE

G00 - Rapid positioning G57 – workpiece coordinate setting #4G01 - feedrate positioning G58 – workpiece coordinate setting #5G02 – arc clockwise G59 – workpiece coordinate setting #6G03 – counter clockwise G61 – exact stop check modeG04 - dwell G62 – automatic corner overrideG07 – federate sine curve control G63 – tapping modeG10 – data setting G64 – cutting modeG11 – data setting cancel G65 – user macro callG17 – x-y plane G66 – user macro call (modal)G18 – x-z plane G67 – user macro call cancel (modal)G19 – y-z plane G70 – finishing cycleG20 – inch unit G71 – turning cycleG21 – metric units G72 – facing cycleG22 – stored stroke check ON G73 – pattern repeatG23 – stored stroke check OFF G74 – drilling cycleG27 – reference point return check G75 – grooving cycleG28 – automatic zero return G76 – threading cycleG29 – return from zero position G80 – canned cycle cancelG30 – 2nd reference point return G83 – face drilling cycle

G31 – skip function G84 – face tapping cycleG32 – thread cutting G86 – face boring cycleG36 – automatic tool compensation G90 – absolute positioningG40 – tool compensation cancel G91 – incremental positioningG41 – tool compensation left G92 – OD thread cutting cycleG42 – tool compensation right G94 – face turning cycleG46 – automatic tool compensation G96 – constant speed controlG50 – coordinate system setting G97 – constant speed control cancelG52 – local coordinate system setting G98 – federate per timeG53 – machine coordinate system setting G99 – federate per revolutionG54 – workpiece coordinate setting #1 G107 – cylindrical interpolationG55 – workpiece coordinate setting #2 G112 – polar coordinate interpolationG56 – workpiece coordinate setting #3 G113 – polar coordinate interpolation cancel

PROJECT 1

O0011;

N10 G28 U0.0 W0.0;

N20 G92 S1500;

N160 G01 X50.0 Z-60.0;

N170 G70 P80 Q160;

N180 G28 U0.0 W0.0;

N190 M09;

N200 M05;

N210 M30;

N30 T0505;

N40 G96 S1000 F0.3 M03 M08;

N50 G90 G00 X52.0 Z3.0;

N60 G71 U0.2 R0.2;

N70 G71 P80 Q160 U0.1 W0.1;

N80 G01 X0.0 Z0.0;

N90 G01 X38.0 Z0.0;

N100 G01 X38.0 Z-15.0;

N110 G01 X42.0 Z-15.0;

N120 G01 X42.0 Z-30.0;

N130 G01 X46.0 Z-30.0;

N140 G01 X46.0 Z-45.0;

N150 G01 X50.0 Z-45.0;

PROJECT 2

O0021;

N140 G01 X58.0 Z-70.0;

N150 G70 P80 Q140;

N160 G28 U0.0 W0.0;

N170 M09;

N180M05;

N190 M30;

N10 G28 U0.0 W0.0;

N20 G92 S1500;

N30 T0505;

N40 G96 S1000 F0.3 M03 M08;

N50 G90 G00 X60.0 Z3.0;

N60 G71 U0.2 R0.2;

N70 G71 P80 Q140 U0.1 W0.1;

N80 G01 X0.0 Z0.0;

N90 G01 X32.0 Z0.0;

N100 G01 X32.0 Z-15.0;

N110 G01 X42.0 Z-20.0;

N120 G01 Z42.0 Z-45.0;

N130 G01 X58.0 Z-55.0;

PROJECT 3

O0033;

N140 G01 X120.0 Z-100.0;

N150 G01 X120.0 Z-150.0;

N160 G02 X140.0 Z-160.0 R10.0;

N170 G01 X160.0 Z-160.0;

N180 G01 X180.0 Z-175.0;

N190 G01 X180.0 Z-231.0;

N200 G70 P80 Q190.0;

N210 G28 U0.0 W0.0;

N220 M09;

N230 M05;

N240 M30;

N10 G28 U0.0 W0.0;

N20 G92 S1500;

N30 T0505;

N40 G96 S1000 F0.3 M03 M08;

N50 G90 G00 X182.0 Z3.0;

N60 G71 U0.2 R0.2;

N70 G71 P80 Q190 U0.1 W0.1;

N80 G01 X0.0 Z0.0;

N90 G01 X40.0 Z0.0;

N100 G03 X60.0 Z-10.0 R10.0;

N110 G01 X60.0 Z-25.0;

N120 G01 X80.0 Z-40.0;

N130 G01 X80.0 Z-80.0;

PROJECT 4

O0034;

N140 G01 X120.0 Z-100.0;

N150 G01 X120.0 Z-150.0;

N160 G02 X140.0 Z-160.0 R10.0;

N170 G01 X160.0 Z-160.0;

N180 G01 X180.0 Z-175.0;

N190 G01 X180.0 Z-231.0;

N200 G70 P80 Q190.0;

N210 G28 U0.0 W0.0;

N220 M09;

N230 M05;

N240 M30;

N10 G28 U0.0 W0.0;

N20 G92 S1500;

N30 T0505;

N40 G96 S1000 F0.3 M03 M08;

N50 G90 G00 X182.0 Z3.0;

N60 G71 U0.2 R0.2;

N70 G71 P80 Q190 U0.1 W0.1;

N80 G01 X0.0 Z0.0;

N90 G01 X40.0 Z0.0;

N100 G03 X60.0 Z-10.0 R10.0;

N110 G01 X60.0 Z-25.0;

N120 G01 X80.0 Z-40.0;

N130 G01 X80.0 Z-80.0;

PROJECT 5

O0035;

N10 G28 U0.0 W0.0;

N160 G01 X120.0 Z-80.0;

N170 G70 P80 Q160.0;

N180 G28 U0.0 W0.0;

N190 M09;

N200 M05;

N210 M30;

N20 G92 S1500;

N30 T0505;

N40 G96 S1000 F0.3 M03 M08;

N50 G90 G00 X122.0 Z3.0;

N60 G71 U0.2 R0.2;

N70 G71 P80 Q160 U0.1 W0.1;

N80 G01 X0.0 Z0.0;

N90 G01 X20.0 Z0.0;

N100 G01 X40.0 Z-20.0;

N110 G01 X40.0 Z-40.0;

N120 G02 X60.0 Z-50.0 R10.0;

N130 G01 X100.0 Z-65.0;

N140 G01 X100.0 Z-70.0;

N150 G01 X120.0 Z-70.0;

TOP’S PROGRAMME (PROGRAM GASING)

PROGRAMME 1

O0027;

N10 G28 U0.0 W0.0;

N20 G92 S1500;

N30 T0505;

N40 G96 S1000 F0.3 M03;

N50 G90 G00 X26.5 Z3.0;

N60 G71 U0.2.R0.2;

N70 G71 P80 Q130 U0.1 W0.1;

N80 G01 X0.0 Z0.0;

N90 G01 X6.0 Z-3.0;

N100 G02 X12.0 Z-6.0 R3.0;

N110 G01 X16.5 Z-6.0;

N120 G03 X24.5 Z-10.0 R4.0;

N130 G01 X24.5 Z-23.0;

N140 G70 P80 Q130;

N150 G28 U0.0 W0.0;

N160 M05;

N170 M30;

PROGRAMME 2

O0028;

N10 G28 U0.0 W0.0;

N20 G92 S1500;

N30 T0505;

N40 G96 S1000 F0.3 M03;

N50 G90 G00 X26.5 Z3.0;

N60 G71 U0.2 R0.2;

N70 G71 P80 Q140 U0.1 W0.1;

N80 G01 X0.0 Z0.0;

N90 G01 X4.0 Z-3.0;

N100 G01 X4.0 Z-19.0;

N110 G01 X8.0 Z-21.0;

N120 G02 X12.0 Z-23.0 R2.0;

N130 G01 X16.5 Z-23.0;

N140 G03 X24.5 Z-27.0 R4.0;

N150 G70 P80 Q140;

N160 G28 U0.0 W0.0;

N170 M05;

N180 M30;

PROCEDURE OF CUTTING PROCESS OF WORKPIECE BY USING CNC TURNING MACHINE

Procedure To Start The CNC Turning Machine Figure

1. On main switch power.

2. On main switch at the CNC machine.

3. Release emergency stop button by rotating it .

4. On display monitor (green button) and then wait until in ready. If not, when we convert the program, the program will lost.

5. Press POS button (position).

6. Press PROG button (program)

7. Press ‘EDIT MODE’ ,then press DIR button (directory)

8. Insert number and then press the arrow to look up for program. Then, press ‘PAGE’ button and all the program will display at the monitor.

9. Insert the alphanumeric data, then press ‘EOB’( end of block) and then press the ‘INSERT’ button. Repeat this step until all data has been inserted.

10. Simulate the project base on inserted data by using the folloing step:

- Press ‘RESET’ button- Press ‘AUTOMODE’ button- Press ‘GRAPH’ button outsie the monitor- Press ‘GRAPH’ button at the monitor- Press ‘OPRT’(operation) button at the monitor- Press ‘EXEC’(exercise) button at the monitor

Procedure To Clamp The Workpiece Figure

1. Press ‘CLAMP’ button and make sure that the workpiece is hold properly. Close the machine’s door

2. Press the ‘MANUAL MODE’ to set the tool. Then press the ‘MDI MODE’. Insert the alphanumeric data from the start program until N40.

3. On the monitor and then on the power. Make sure that the tool touch workpiece and then press the ‘MANUAL MODE’.

4. Press ‘HANDLE Z’ button, then ‘HANDLE x100’ button then ‘HANDLE X’ button until the tool touch Z axis.

5. When the tool has touch Z axis, press ‘OFFSET SETTING’ button. After press ‘OFFSET SETTING’ button, press ‘SETTING’ button follow by ‘OFFSET’ and ‘GEOMETRY’ button.

CLAMP BUTTON

MDI MODE

MANUAL MODE

HANDLE X

HANDLE ZHANDLE

X100

Move the cursor to number 5 then insert the value of Z as Z0.0. Then press the measure button at the monitor.

6. Press ‘HANDLE Z’ follows by ‘HANDLE X’ until the tool touch the workpiece.

7. Press ‘RESET’ button and then open the machine’s door. Measure the diameter of the workpiece using vernier caliper and then insert the value x using the reading value.

-VERNIER CALIPER-

OFFSET SETTING

HANDLE X

HANDLE Z

Procedure To Cut The Workpiece Figure

1. Press ‘RESET’ button follow by ‘SINGLE BLOCK’ button. Then press the green button and off the ‘SINGLE BLOCK’button.

2. Press green button again and on the power, then cutting process start automatically. Get ready to press the ‘EMERGENCY BUTTON’ if any accident or problem occurs. Wait until the cutting process at finishing step.

SINGLE BLOCK

GREEN BUTTON

3. Off the power and press ‘MANUAL MODE’. Then open the machine’s door. Hold the workpiece and then press the ‘CLAMP’ button again to open the clamp.

Procedure To Off The Machine Figure

1. Press ‘EDIT MODE’ then press the red button. Push the ‘EMERGENCY STOP’ button

2. Off the main switch at the machine followed by main power.

GREEN BUTTON (POWER)

CLAMP BUTTON

CONCLUSION

As a conclusion, I have learned a lot of things about this CNC turning machine. I knew how to handle this machine and its safety precautions. This machine is quite easy to handle and I very excited when handle it. This knowledge is very useful to me and I hope that I can apply it when I work one day.

APPENDIX