Ministry of Power and EnergySri Lanka

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Renewable Energy Development in Sri LankaOpportunities and Challenges

Overview

• Power Sector of Sri Lanka at a glance

• Renewable Energy Potential and Development

• Challenges in Development of Renewable Energy

• Proposed Remedial Actions for High Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources

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Sri Lanka Power Sector at a Glance

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• Peak Demand 2,164 MW

• Installed Capacity 2013

Hydro (CEB owned) 1,361 MW

Thermal (CEB Owned) 1,464 MW

Thermal (IPP) 771 MW

NCRE (IPP) 367 MW

Total Installed Capacity 3,963 MW

• Electricity Generation 2013Gross Generation 11,954 GWh

• Hydro 50%

• Oil 28%

• Coal 12%

• NCRE 10%

• System Loss 10.6%

• Electrification Level of Households 96%01/12/2014 4

Power Sector at a Glance

Renewable Energy Potential and Development

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Wind and Solar Energy Power Potential

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The Exploitable Technical wind power potential with wind power capacity density above 8 MW per sq km is estimates as 5650 MW mainly in the North Western and Central regions

Spatial Distribution of Global Horizontal Radiation(GHI): varies from 1250 kWh/m2/year on the humid highlands to 2100 kWh/m2/year in high potential regionsTaking into consideration the land availability the exploitable solar is estimated as above 6000 MW

Wind Power Resource Map Solar Energy Resources Map

Small Hydro and Biomass Potential

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The total estimated small hydro potential is 873 MW with an annual energy generation potential of 3,061 GWh. Out of this potential, 253 MW of capacity was in operation by the end 2013 (SEA, 2014) and the capacity realisable from this total potential is estimated to be approximately 400 MW in the medium term

Average Annual Rainfall

Sri Lanka Renewable Energy Master Plan Study undertaken by RMA with the assistance of ADB indicates that potential for electricity generation using grown biomass is 2,370 MW, out of which 1,319 MW will be from dedicated energy plantations and the remaining 1,050 MW of capacity will be from mixed crops under various commercial plantations

Spatial Distribution of Land identified for Energy Plantations

Hydro Potential in Sri Lanka

• Hydro power is the main indigenous

renewable energy resource available

in the country for electricity

generation

• Almost all the economically viable hydro potential has been developed.

• The Government has put the highest emphasis on development of remaining hydro power projects in the country.

• At present 35% of the annual energy generation comes from hydro plants

Hydro Thermal Share in the Recent Past

• Non-conventional Renewable Energy sources received (NCRE) a new impetus in 1996, when the Government announced Standardized Power Purchase Agreement and standardized tariff for private developers of NCRE based power plants of capacity less than 10MW.

• It further boosted up by the introduction of cost based technology specific tariff in 2007

• By December 2013, a total of 136 small private power producers connected to the grid with 367 MW of installed capacity

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Non Conventional Renewable Energy

Challenges in Development of Renewable Energy

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Major Issues/Barriers

• Grid interconnection issues have not been adequately addressed – e.g. system stability, spinning reserve needs, grid penetration levels, power quality, etc.

• Already a considerable amount of embedded generation (367MW) through mini hydro/wind plants which are not under system control operations. This strongly limits the further addition of varying source of power such as wind.

• There is strong need for continuing on going resource assessment activities for reliable data.

Daily Load Demand

The Load Curve

Low growth rate of off peak load could result energy curtailment and system stability issues with high penetration of variable renewable energy loads during off peak hours

Proposed Remedial Actions for High Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources

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Introduction of Pump storage

2,000MW

Time

Base Load

Middle Load

Peak Load1,320MW

Peak Demand4,717MW

Daily Load Curve Projection in 2025

De

man

d How to Manage

Improve the efficiency of the base load plants such asCoal due to the off-peak restrictions by filling the valley ofthe Load curve. Feasibility is being done.

Possible energy trade between India and Sri LankaA detailed feasibility done on Electricity Grid Interconnection

150 km

127 km

110 km

Madurai

Pannaikulam

New Anuradhapura

Mannar

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Thank you