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Recycled Asphalt PavementIn Preservation
Doug FordPavement Coatings Co.
All Agencies Need Revenue
Not in My Backyard
Lets Talk Recycling
Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) Utilizing the Value
Asphalt has always been Recyclable
Valuable material in Hot Mix Asphalt
Used when and where feasible How do we expand to better
utilize this value
RAP Utilization Products
Chip Seal Slurry Seal & Micro Surfacing
Processing Unique Example Deep Recycling
Cold In-Place Recycling (CIR) Cold Central Plant Recycling (CCPR)
Products
Typical Uses RAP Base Shoulder Backing Trucking yards Dust Control Crushed Miscellaneous Base
Good products but they don’t use the most valuable asphalt
Products
Chip Seals
RAP Chip Gradation
TABLE 200-1.2.1 (A)
Sieve Size
Percent Passing1
Medium 3/8” Medium Fine 5/16”
1/2" (12.5 mm) 100
3/8" (9.5 mm) 85-100 100
No. 4 (4.75mm) 0-15 0-50
No. 8 (2.36 mm) 0-5 0-15
No. 16 (1.18 mm) - 0-5
No. 200 (75 um) 0-2 0-2
Residual Asphalt Content2
3.5% Min.(Based on dry weight of
aggregate)
3.5% Min.(Based on dry weight of
aggregate)
1. On unextracted RAP. 2. On extracted RAP. Determined by CT362, CT379 or CT382.
RAP Chip Material
Residual Asphalt
ChipsSingle stones and conglomerations
Residual asphalt content will vary by sample
Laboratory Tests on Chip Los Angeles Abrasion (ASTM C 131)
5% Loss -100 Revolutions 23% Loss – 500 Revolutions
ExtractedSieve Analysis: 1 2 3 Ave. 3(ASTM C136 & C117)
3/8” 100 100 100 100 100No. 4 37 42 38 39 51No. 8 5 8 7 7 18
No. 16 3 5 4 4 14No. 30 3 5 3 4 12No. 200 2 2 2 2 6
Asphalt Cont. (%): 3.9
Cleanness Value: 58 (Cal 227) Spec is 75 minimum But not an issue
3/8” Chips
Appearance is dirty but the dust is actually asphalt dust. Bonding capability is outstanding.
RAP Chip Seal
Early ProjectsEl Rivino RdSan Bernardino County
2006
November 2014
RAP Chip Seal
Los Angeles CountyAvenue J 2009Scrub seal with
rejuvenating emulsion
Extensive block cracking and alligator cracking
RAP Chip Seal
Los Angeles CountyHand applied
additional chip to low areas
Rain fell that night
RAP Chip Seal
Los Angeles CountyAvenue J 7/18/14
Great Retention
Best Practices
RAP Chip Seal What is a clean chip seal
Dust is not dust, it’s asphalt
Gradation problems will affect ability to bond
With emulsions chips should be moist
Rejuvenators are very good but should not be overapplied
Double chips seal One layer should not be
RAP
RAP Slurry Seal and Micro Surfacing
Type II RAP Slurry Aggregate
RAP Slurry GradationRAP Slurry Dust
Sieve SizePercent Passing UN-
extracted Percent Passing Extracted ISSA Specification
3/8" 100 100 100
No. 4 95-100 95-100 90-100
No. 8 65-85 70-90 65-90
No. 16 35-60 50-75 45-70
No. 30 18-38 35-55 30-50
No. 50 8-25 22-40 18-30
No. 100 5-20 13-38 10-21
No. 200 2-12 10-20 5-15
Residual AC 6.5% Min.
Rap Slurry Gradations
Gradation Curves
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0.0010.0100.1001.00010.000100.000
Grain Size (mm)
Per
cen
t P
assi
ng
Unextracted
Extracted
ISSA Type II
RAP Slurry Material
Consistent Residual Asphalt through Segregation
Slurry DustVery few conglomerations
Residual asphalt remains consistent
RAP Slurry Seal Laboratory Test Results
RAP Slurry Seal ISSA Type II
Component Amount Amount
Emulsion 10% - 14% 12% - 18%
Residual AC 12.5% Min. 7.5% - 13.5%
Minimum12.5% Residual @ 10% Emulsion
Minimum7.5% Residual @12% Emulsion
Field Test Applications
Calibration: as with any slurry or micro, calibration is essential!
RAP is lighter than virgin aggregate.
Because RAP emulsion percentage is low, gate may need to be modified.
Insure material will run through gate without clumping.
Field Test Applications
July 2003, Descanso Gardens, La Canada, CA.
13.5% CQS-1h
2005Subject to excessive water
Field Test Applications
August 2003, Rodeo Access Rd, Devore, CA
Varied percentages and additives
RAP Slurry Through 2014 City of Agoura Hills City of Barstow City of Delano Caltrans District 8 Maintenance Caltrans District 11 Maintenance City of Costa Mesa City of Corona City of Garden Grove City of Hesperia City of Irvine City of Oxnard City of Palmdale City of Port Hueneme City of Santa Clarita City of Sierra Madre City of Westlake Village County of Los Angeles County of San Bernardino – Special Districts County of Ventura
RAP Slurry & Micro SurfacingSouthern California Testing Started in 2003Why RAP 100% Recycled Better Color
Retention Cost Effective Zero Loss in
Performance
Six Months after Rain & Snow
Conventional Equipment Super Results From 2003 to 2014
Best Practices Slurry Seal
RAP Fines must be fresh. Material that has been stored or stockpiled too long should be re-screened
Stock Pile Management Do not stock pile too much
material Use material as it is delivered
(load out from all sides) Do not load trucks the night
before Minimum requirement of 3%
latex polymer Rubber tire roller, minimum
three passes High traffic areas can not be over
asphalted
Finished Environmentally Friendly Product
How to Utilize RAP
Screening Process Utilization of In House RAP
Existing RAP Stock Pile or New RAP Stock PileBeing Developed
RAP Aggregate Products Prodced
Rap Chips (5/16” and 3/8”) Rap Type II Slurry Dust Crushed Miscellaneous Base AC Base RAP Base Mixing Aggregates for CCPR
Stockpile Management
5/16” Chips Made from RAP
All chips must be screened twice!
RAP Slurry/Micro DustScreening process for slurry and chips requires segregation. 50%-60% Slurry 40%-50% Chips
Balancing the end product can be challenging
Best Practices Clean RAP for Slurry
Contaminated material should be segregated for use on other products
Sand Equivalent (SE) Utilization of multiple products at one time
Chips and slurry dust – Slurry and AC Base Minimum of two screenings for chips. Moisture content
Wet for chips on Emulsion Binders Dry for chips on Hot Asphalt Binders
RAP Slurry Seal can not sit more than two to four weeks without being re-screened.
Caltrans On-Site Management
Caltrans District 8 Maintenance
In house crews Chip Seal Crack Seal Shoulder Backing
Contract Work Slurry Seal
Utilized four RAP piles separated by over 150 miles from each other.
This process allowed Caltrans to make multiple products from their own material.
The trucking cost can exceed $38 per ton to some locations.
Superior products used for two years with little to no additional cost.
RAP Chip and RAP Slurry (RAP Cape) Aggregates Produced Simultaneously
Caltrans District 8 Maintenance
Application of RAP Chip Seal using stockpiled material owned by the state
Cold In-place Recycling (CIR)
Distressed Pavement = New Pavement Using A Train of Equipment that:
Mills old pavement into Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP)
Crushes RAP to gradation Mixes with recycling agent Re-Paves recycled mix Compacts to specified density Readies for surface treatment Small carbon footprint
Starting Roadway
Cold In-Place Recycling (CIR)
Location
Location
Location
The Train
The Train
Water Truck
MillRecycler
Emulsion
Paving and Compaction
Roller Sequence and Compaction
to Pavement
Cold Central Plant Recycling (CCPR)
From RAP
Clean Rap = New Pavement: Stockpiled and kept clean Crushed RAP to gradation Mixed with engineered emulsion
In a central plant Transported to lay down area Paved as a recycled mix Compacted to specified density Readied for surface treatment
“Urban Quarries” Recycle Sustainable Assets on Site!
Loading Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP)
New Recycled Asphalt
Truck bring in Old Millings and Haul Back New Recycled Asphalt
Installation with a Track Paving Machine
Closing StatementOne of the key elements of the County's sustainable program is maximizing the opportunity to reutilize Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) in our pavement preservation Treatments. For the last three years we have committed to using RAP in all our pavement preservation treatments. Aside from the environmental benefits gained by using the RAP material in these treatments we are very pleased with their performance as well.Greg Kelley, Deputy Director of Transportation, County of Los Angeles
Questions
Thank YouDoug Ford
