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Questioning Techniques Questioning Techniques for Clinical Teaching for Clinical Teaching Saint Louis University Saint Louis University Reinert Center for Teaching Reinert Center for Teaching Excellence Excellence Clinical Teaching Committee Clinical Teaching Committee Darina Sargeant, PhD, PT Darina Sargeant, PhD, PT (Presentation based on TIPS-University of Kentucky, originally funded by the Kellogg’s Foundation)

Questioning Techniques for Clinical Teaching

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Questioning Techniques for Clinical Teaching. Saint Louis University Reinert Center for Teaching Excellence Clinical Teaching Committee Darina Sargeant, PhD, PT (Presentation based on TIPS-University of Kentucky, originally funded by the Kellogg’s Foundation). OBJECTIVES - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Questioning Techniques for Clinical Teaching

Questioning Techniques for Questioning Techniques for Clinical Teaching Clinical Teaching

Saint Louis UniversitySaint Louis University

Reinert Center for Teaching ExcellenceReinert Center for Teaching Excellence

Clinical Teaching CommitteeClinical Teaching Committee

Darina Sargeant, PhD, PTDarina Sargeant, PhD, PT

(Presentation based on TIPS-University of Kentucky, originally funded by the Kellogg’s Foundation)

Page 2: Questioning Techniques for Clinical Teaching

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVESUpon completion of this session and utilizing the Upon completion of this session and utilizing the

information presented, the participant will be able to:information presented, the participant will be able to:1. Choose the questioning techniques that are most 1. Choose the questioning techniques that are most

appropriate for the setting, anticipated learner appropriate for the setting, anticipated learner outcome and orientation of the preceptor.outcome and orientation of the preceptor.

2. Recall the purpose, benefits and limitations of 2. Recall the purpose, benefits and limitations of questioning in the clinical environment.questioning in the clinical environment.

3. Identify the procedures necessary for effectively 3. Identify the procedures necessary for effectively planning, conducting and evaluating success of planning, conducting and evaluating success of questioning techniques.questioning techniques.

4. Apply these techniques to clinical setting.4. Apply these techniques to clinical setting.

Questioning Techniques for Questioning Techniques for Clinical TeachingClinical Teaching

Page 3: Questioning Techniques for Clinical Teaching

DefinitionsDefinitions

Instructional setInstructional set

Opening minutes of the learning sessionOpening minutes of the learning session

PresentationPresentation

Patient/pathology/interventionsPatient/pathology/interventions

ClosureClosure

Recap at end of the learning sessionRecap at end of the learning session

Page 4: Questioning Techniques for Clinical Teaching

Questioning-Purpose in ClinicQuestioning-Purpose in Clinic

• Determine learner masteryDetermine learner mastery• Discover points of difficultyDiscover points of difficulty• Provide for application of knowledge Provide for application of knowledge • Stimulate learner thinkingStimulate learner thinking

Page 5: Questioning Techniques for Clinical Teaching

Questioning-Instructional SetQuestioning-Instructional Set

• Gain attentionGain attention• Arouse interestArouse interest• Establish need for lessonEstablish need for lesson• Present problems to be solvedPresent problems to be solved• Determine attitudes and interestsDetermine attitudes and interests• Evaluate student preparationEvaluate student preparation• Determine strengths and weaknessesDetermine strengths and weaknesses

Page 6: Questioning Techniques for Clinical Teaching

Questioning-Instructional SetQuestioning-Instructional Set

• Your turnYour turn• Take a minute to write a question to be Take a minute to write a question to be

used in instructional setused in instructional set• Check yourselfCheck yourself

Page 7: Questioning Techniques for Clinical Teaching

Questioning-PresentationQuestioning-Presentation

• Stimulate learner thinkingStimulate learner thinking• Develop points in the lessonDevelop points in the lesson• Revive and/or increase interestRevive and/or increase interest• Bring non-participants into discussionBring non-participants into discussion

Page 8: Questioning Techniques for Clinical Teaching

Questioning-PresentationQuestioning-Presentation

• Sub-summarize major points of lessonSub-summarize major points of lesson• Focus attentionFocus attention• Encourage discussionEncourage discussion

Page 9: Questioning Techniques for Clinical Teaching

Questioning-PresentationQuestioning-Presentation

• Your turnYour turn• Take a minute to write a question to be Take a minute to write a question to be

used in presentationused in presentation• Check yourselfCheck yourself

Page 10: Questioning Techniques for Clinical Teaching

Questioning-ClosureQuestioning-Closure

• Check for understandingCheck for understanding• Locate areas where re-teaching Locate areas where re-teaching

necessarynecessary• Help student to see applicationHelp student to see application

Page 11: Questioning Techniques for Clinical Teaching

Questioning-ClosureQuestioning-Closure

• Your turnYour turn• Take a minute to write a question to be Take a minute to write a question to be

used in closureused in closure• Check yourselfCheck yourself

Page 12: Questioning Techniques for Clinical Teaching

Dynamics of QuestioningDynamics of Questioning

• Overhead questionOverhead question• Direct questionDirect question• Skills/styleSkills/style

• phrasing and vocabularyphrasing and vocabulary• wait time/APCwait time/APC• deliverydelivery• getting answersgetting answers• respondingresponding

Page 13: Questioning Techniques for Clinical Teaching

Types of QuestionsTypes of Questions

• Lead offLead off• Follow up/ClarifyFollow up/Clarify• Check upCheck up• RhetoricalRhetorical• Convergent/divergentConvergent/divergent• ThrowbackThrowback• ProbingProbing

Page 14: Questioning Techniques for Clinical Teaching

Probing QuestionsProbing Questions

• ExtensionExtension• ClarificationClarification• JustificationJustification• PromptingPrompting• RedirectionRedirection

Page 15: Questioning Techniques for Clinical Teaching

Types of QuestionsTypes of Questions

• Your turnYour turn• Take a minute to write one of the following types Take a minute to write one of the following types

of question of question • Lead offLead off• Follow up/ClarifyFollow up/Clarify• Check upCheck up• RhetoricalRhetorical• Convergent/divergentConvergent/divergent• ThrowbackThrowback• ProbingProbing

• Check yourselfCheck yourself

Page 16: Questioning Techniques for Clinical Teaching

Questioning Techniques for Clinical Questioning Techniques for Clinical TeachingTeaching

Final thoughtsFinal thoughts– Who should ask questions?Who should ask questions?– Why are questions useful in clinical teaching?Why are questions useful in clinical teaching?– What are the various types of questions?What are the various types of questions?– When are questions used?When are questions used?– Where should questions be used? Where should questions be used?

Page 17: Questioning Techniques for Clinical Teaching

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVESUpon completion of this session and utilizing the Upon completion of this session and utilizing the

information presented, the participant will be able to:information presented, the participant will be able to:1. Choose the questioning techniques that are most 1. Choose the questioning techniques that are most

appropriate for the setting, anticipated learner appropriate for the setting, anticipated learner outcome and orientation of the preceptor.outcome and orientation of the preceptor.

2. Recall the purpose, benefits and limitations of 2. Recall the purpose, benefits and limitations of questioning in the clinical environment.questioning in the clinical environment.

3. Identify the procedures necessary for effectively 3. Identify the procedures necessary for effectively planning, conducting and evaluating success of planning, conducting and evaluating success of questioning techniques.questioning techniques.

4. Apply these techniques to clinical setting.4. Apply these techniques to clinical setting.

Questioning Techniques for Questioning Techniques for Clinical TeachingClinical Teaching