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Pruning permanent framework
Generally assume regular shape
Ceanothus „Julia Phelps‟ Pieris „White Cascade‟
Many of these plants form a dome-shaped canopy
Remove:• dead• damaged
Cistus „Silver Pink‟
LavenderLavandula spp.
Removal of errant shoots help shape
“Cubist” pruning is common…
Or, the meatball variation…
Think about flowering time before pruning!
Pittosporum tenuifolium„Silver Sheen‟
Shearing removes form, but hopefully not flowers…
Arbutus unedo (Strawberry tree)
avoid pruning until afterrisk of severe freeze
Buddleia nivea
Pruning subshrubs
have woody base, but bloom
on current season‟s shoots
some become larger and morewoody in mild climates
Small subshrubs which may be sheared:
Epilobium canum
Penstemon pinifolius
Remove most shoot growth to base
August 2010
January 2011
Before…
After…
Larger subshrubs…
Caryopteris x clandonensis
Perovskia atriplicifolia
Spiraea
Large subshrubs
Buddleia „Pink Delight‟ Heptacodium miconioides
Remove dead stems, prune hard in spring
Lavatera: early spring 10 minutes work!
Note where cuts made…
Look how much growth is removed!
Later…
Heptacodium miconioides
Suckering shrubs
Rhus typhina „Laciniata‟
Naturally thicket-forming plants
Includes:• Aralia spp.• Clerodendrum spp.• Kerria japonica• Rhus spp.• Rubus spp.• Symphoricarpos spp.• Syringa vulgaris• Zenobia pulverulenta
Dig suckers Use barriers
Pruning Conifers
For pruning purposes, there are two types:
Needle-like leavesWhorled branches
Scale-like foliageRandom branches
Needle-foliage Conifers: Pine Family
Abies: The Firs
Cedrus: True Cedars
Picea: The Spruces
Pinus: The Pines
Pseudotsuga: Douglasfir
Tsuga: The Hemlocks
Abies pinsapo „Glauca‟
When sited correctly, rarely need pruning
Pinus thunbergii „Thunderhead‟
The biggest mistake: pruning into un-needled growth
Pine Family
Do not cut into old, un-needled parts of stem!
To dwarf plant and fill incanopy, pinch back newgrowth at “candle” stage
Candles on pines are easily broken at this stage
Candle pruning makes a conifer…
dwarfer
bushier
Some conifers revert as well…
Alberta spruce
Scale-foliage Conifers: Cypress Family
Calocedrus Incense Cedar
Chamecyparis Hinoki Cypress
Cupressus Monterey, Italian Cypress
X Cupressocyparis leylandii Leyland Cypress
Juniperus many, many species/forms
Thuja Arborvitae, Western Redcedar
Cypress family plants respond well tolight trimming and make good hedges
Don‟t prune intoolder un-needledparts of plant!
Effects of hard pruning:
Cutting back hedge
Limbing up too-big shrub
Conifers that respond to cutting to older wood:
Taxus: Yews
Cryptomeria:Japanese cedar
Sequoia: Redwood
Pruning Vines
Wisteria Jasminum x stephanense
rampant growing permanent framework
many thin canes cane-grower
Pruning need depends on vigor, climbing habit…
Consider the climbing habit of the plant:
Non-clinging plants: Roses
Twining growth habit:
ClematisHumulusLonicera
Tendrils:
AmpelopsisPassifloraVitis
JasminumTrachelospermumWisteria
Clinging vines
Campsis (aerial rootlets)
(will also sucker)
Hydrangea anomala (aerial rootlets)
Hedera (aerial rootlets)
Parthenocissus (tendrils)
Schizophragma (aerial rootlets)
Little or no pruning required
The support structure and vine must match!
Climbing roses
A trellis can be very simple…
Old trees make a goodmakeshift trellis, too
Climbers-modern:
Rambling Roses
annual cane production train stems flat remove flowered stems thin/shorten excess canes
very tall bush roses, repeat renew framework regularly
Climbing roses
Spreading out stems horizontally encourages branching
Climbing Rose:„Westerland‟
Modern Climberi.e. blooms on new wood
Early spring…
Later…
Rambling Rose„Dorothy Perkins‟
Once-blooming
June 2004
Sept. 2004
July 2005
July 2006
For a full arbor youwill need to plant onboth sides
Twining vines
Clematis armandii
As with other vines,match the vine withavailable space
Over time, many twining climbers form a “mushroom”
Jasminum x stephanense
Or, the shape of a TV antenna…
Young vines: shoot placement
Lonicera japonica
In bloom, June
After pruning
Pruning vining Clematis
For pruning purposes, 3 “groups”based on flowering time:
Spring: (Group 1)C. armandii, C. montana
Summer-Fall: (Group 3)C. x jackmanii, C. texensisC. paniculata, C. viticella
Repeat bloom: (Group 2)Large-flowered hybridsC. „Nelly Moser‟
A simple trellis…
Pruning Clematis-Group 1 and 2
Pruning vines: Clematis Group 2 (and 1)
Remove weak growths
Thin stems to well—spaced framework
Pruning Clematis-Group 3
Pruning Clematis Group 3
Prune low to a pair ofstrong buds early spring
Remove dead stems
Training Wisteria
Trees make handy trellises…
Brickell and JoyceDK Publishing, 1996ISBN 1-56458-331-7
Brown and KirkhamTimber Press, 2004ISBN 0-88192-613-2
Cass TurnbullSasquatch BooksISBN 1570613168
Other references:
PlantAmnestyhttp://www.plantamnesty.org/
Pruning tips
PNW-International Society of Arboriculturehttp://www.pnwisa.org/
Pruning information Publications Lists of Consulting Arborists
The End!
Ceanothus griseus „Kurt Zadnik‟
