Protecting Shared Israeli-Palestinian Water Resources from Sewage

Friends of the Earth Middle East

Friends of the Earth Middle East

The Mountain Aquifer

Friends of the Earth Middle East

The Mountain Aquifer

A shared Israeli-Palestinian water source

The largest and best quality source between the Mediterranean and Jordan River

Friends of the Earth Middle East

The Mountain Aquifer

Over 3 million people live above its recharge area

The sewage of over 2 million people receives no treatment at all. Much of the remaining sewage is treated inadequately.

Palestinian sewage treatment projects in

the West Bank

$ 225-235 millionTotal

$12 millionGermanyEl Bireh

$13 millionGermanySalfit

$10 millionGermanyRamallah

$25 millionGermanyNablus West

$20-25 millionGermany Nablus East

$50 millionGermanyJenin

$50 millionGermanyTul Karem

$45-50 millionUSAHebron/Al Khalil

CostsDonorCity

Recommendations

Friends of the Earth Middle East

Recommendationsfor Israel

• Ministerial Responsibility to Assist Donor Countries

• Compromise on Standards• Avoid Propaganda• Enforce Treatment of

Settlement Sewage• Early Involvement in

Projects

Recommendationsfor Palestinian Authority

• Promote Sewage Projects with Similar Urgency as Water

• Compromise on Standards

• Avoid Propaganda• Early Involvement in

Projects

Recommendationsfor donor countries

• Do not Wait, Factor-In Additional, Conflict Related Costs

• Invest in Coordination with Israel, Designate Special Staff

• Ensure Consultation with Parties at Earliest Stage of Projects

Recommendationsfor all parties

• Find Solutions to Palestinian Villages

• Joint Research & Fact Finding• Appropriate Training• Support Work of Civil Society