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7/21/2019 Protectia-plantelor curs

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MINISTERUL EDUCAIEI CERCETRII I TINERETULUI

Proiectul Phare TVET RO 2005/017-553.04.01.02.04.01.03

MATERIALE E !"V#$ARE

o%e&iul' A(ricultur)

*u+,o%e&iul'

aliicarea' Teh&icia& & a(ricultur)

Pe&tru claa a III-a

Mo,ulul' Protecia la&telor

Acest material a fost elaborat prin finan are Phare n proiectul de Dezvoltare institu ional a sistemului de nv mnt

profesional i tehnic

Noiembrie 2008


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oor,o&ator

M&atu "icoleta6prof. grad did. I, Grup colar Agricol Constantin Dobrescu Curtea deArge

Autori'

M&atu "icoleta 6 prof. grad did. I, Grupul colar "Constantin Dobrescu Curtea deArge

uli(a or&elia 6prof. grad did. I., Grupul colar "Constantin Dobrescu Curtea deArge

o&ulta&)'

ati&ca *crio8tea&u 6 expert CNDIP ! IP lau,ia )li&ecu -6 expert CNDIP ! IP I9a& M:;:t:& 6 expert asisten#$ te%nic$

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CUPRINSI N T R O D U C E R E....................................................................................................................................5

C O M P E T E N E.......................................................................................................................................7

OBIECTIE.....................................................................................................................................................8

IN!ORMAII PENTRU ELEI.................................................................................................................."0

ACTIVITI DE NVARE...............................................................................................................................................12Competena 17.1

FI DE DOCUMENTARE Nr. 1.......................................................................................................................................12FI DE DOCUMENTARE Nr. 2......................................................................................................................................13FIA DE DOCUMENTARE Nr. 3......................................................................................................................................14FI DE LUCRU Nr. 1.........................................................................................................................................................15FIA DE EVALUARE Nr. 2.................................................................................................................................................16

Competena 17.2FIA DE DOCUMENTARE NR 1.......................................................................................................................................17FI DE DOCUMENTARE Nr. 2......................................................................................................................................1FI DE DOCUMENTARE Nr. 3......................................................................................................................................1!FI DE DOCUMENTARE Nr. 4......................................................................................................................................2"FI DE DOCUMENTARE Nr. 5......................................................................................................................................21FI DE DOCUMENTARE Nr. 6......................................................................................................................................22FI DE DOCUMENTARE Nr. 7......................................................................................................................................23FI DE LUCRU Nr. 1.........................................................................................................................................................24FIA DE LUCRU Nr. 2.........................................................................................................................................................25FIA DE AUTOEVALUARE Nr. 1.....................................................................................................................................26

Competena 17.3FI DE DOCUMENTARE Nr. 1.......................................................................................................................................27FI DE DOCUMENTARE Nr. 2......................................................................................................................................2FI DE DOCUMENTARE Nr. 3......................................................................................................................................2!FI DE DOCUMENTARE Nr. 4......................................................................................................................................3"FI DE DOCUMENTARE Nr. 5......................................................................................................................................31FI DE DOCUMENTARE Nr. 6......................................................................................................................................32FI DE LUCRU Nr. 1.........................................................................................................................................................33FI DE LUCRU Nr. 2.........................................................................................................................................................34FI DE OBSERVAIE Nr. 1............................................................................................................................................35FI DE OBSERVAIE Nr. 2...........................................................................................................................................36TEST DE EVALUARE Nr. 1.................................................................................................................................................37Competena 17.4

FI DE DOCUMENTARE Nr. 1.......................................................................................................................................3!FI DE DOCUMENTARE Nr. 2......................................................................................................................................4"FI DE DOCUMENTARE Nr. 3......................................................................................................................................41FI DE DOCUMENTARE Nr. 4......................................................................................................................................43FI DE DOCUMENTARE Nr. 5......................................................................................................................................44FI DE DOCUMENTARE Nr. 6......................................................................................................................................46FI DE LUCRU Nr. 1.........................................................................................................................................................47FI DE LUCRU Nr. 2.........................................................................................................................................................4

FI DE LUCRU Nr. 3.........................................................................................................................................................4!FI DE OBSERVAIE Nr. 1............................................................................................................................................5"Competena 17.5

FIA DE DOCUMENTARE Nr. 1.......................................................................................................................................51

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FIA DE DOCUMENTARE Nr. 2......................................................................................................................................52FI DE DOCUMENTARE Nr 3......................................................................................................................................53FI DE LUCRU Nr. 1.........................................................................................................................................................54FIA DE LUCRU Nr. 2.........................................................................................................................................................55FIA DE EVALUARE Nr. 1.................................................................................................................................................56Competena 17.6

FIA DE DOCUMENTARE Nr. 1.......................................................................................................................................57FIA DE DOCUMENTARE Nr. 2......................................................................................................................................5FIA DE LUCRU Nr. 1.........................................................................................................................................................5!FIA DE LUCRU Nr. 2.........................................................................................................................................................6"FIA DE LUCRU Nr. 3.........................................................................................................................................................61FIA DE EVALUARE Nr. 1.................................................................................................................................................62

GL!AR DE TER"ENI...........................................................................................................................................................63

IN!ORMAII PENTRU PRO!ESORI............................................................................................................................#5

#I$E DE RE%&"AT.................................................................................................................................................................67!L&II DE ACTIVITATE..................................................................................................................................................71

Competena 17.1

SOLUIA FIEI DE EVALUARE Nr. 1...........................................................................................................................71Competena 17.2

FI DE LUCRU Nr. 1.........................................................................................................................................................72FIA DE LUCRU Nr. 2.........................................................................................................................................................73FIA DE AUTOEVALUARE Nr. 1.....................................................................................................................................74Competena 17.3

FI DE LUCRU Nr. 1.........................................................................................................................................................75FI DE LUCRU Nr. 2.........................................................................................................................................................76FI DE OBSERVAIE Nr. 1............................................................................................................................................77FI DE OBSERVAIE Nr. 2...........................................................................................................................................7TEST DE EVALUARE Nr. 1.................................................................................................................................................7!Competena 17.4:

FI DE LUCRU Nr. 1........................................................................................................................................................."FI DE LUCRU Nr. 2.........................................................................................................................................................1FI DE LUCRU Nr. 3.........................................................................................................................................................2FI DE OBSERVAIE Nr. 1............................................................................................................................................3Competena 17.5

FI DE LUCRU Nr. 1.........................................................................................................................................................4Competena 17.6

FIA DE EVALUARE Nr. 1.................................................................................................................................................5'LAN DE LECIE......................................................................................................................................................................86!T&DI& DE CA%......................................................................................................................................................................87

BIBLIO$RA!IE.........................................................................................................................................................................88

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10/94

IN-"!(A)II P&N!$ &&+I

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1/


11/94

Cm 9e ;na- ma* e+*,*ent = pn,te/e ta* a/e 9t*/*/o )e ;n-ae.

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11


12/94

ACTIVITI DE NVARE

&NITATEA DE C"'ETEN 17 'RTECIA 'LANTELR

Competena 17.18 I(#n"*9*, /r*n*/' !&* &' /&'n"# (# +/

#I$ DE DC&"ENTARE N. 1D#)r*#r#' /r*n*/'&!r r%/# (# '#n* /'"!#n* 'r# /r!(% !&* /&'n"#&!r (# %&"%r,.BOLI INFECIOASEV*r!0# /r!!'"# (# *r%)%r* '% %r+,"!'r#)*+/"!+#8

M!0'*

C&!r!0, D#!&!r'r# P*"**r#

In9#*' )# r,)/n(#"# *n "!'"# #)%"%r* /&'n"#*.

B'"#r*!0#/r!!'"# (# '"#r** '% %r+,"!'r#)*+/"!+#8

Ur'** O9*&*r#

In9#*' )# r,)/n(#"# /r*n )"!+'"# * /r*n)/!r** (# r#0*)"#n,

M*!0#/r!!'"# (# *%/#r* '% %r+,"!'r#)*+/"!+# 8

P#"# Pr'9 '&**!) M*#&*%

BOLI NEINFECIOASEPr!!'"# (# 9'"!r* &*+'"**- (# n%"r**# */#(!&!**

F'"!r** &*+'"** )%n" "#+/#r'"%r' r*(*'", )'%9!'r"# ),0%", 'r# /r!!', (#r#&,r* 9*0*!&!*#/&'n"#&!r. U+*(*"'"#' * &%+*n' *n #$#) )'% *n)%9**#n"# /r!(% r#(%#r#' /r!#)%&%* (#9!"!)*n"#0, )* (#r#'0, (#0!&"'r#' /&'n"#*.

L*/)' #+#n"#&!r (# n%"r**# %+ 'r 9* '0!"%&- 9!)9!r%& * /!"')*%& (% &' '/'r**' !&*&!r(# n%"r**#. A&"# #+#n"# '"# (# n%"r**# )%n" +*r!#+#n"# (*n )!&.

A&* 9'"!r* 'r# (% &' '/'r**' !&*&!r '+*n"*+8 9!&!)*r#' *n!r#"' ' /#)"**(#&!r n=#%r* "r0** (# /r*+,'r, )'% "*+/%r** (# "!'+n,

12


13/94

,(#r* (# r*n(*n,&NITATEA DE C"'ETEN 17 'RTECIA 'LANTELR

Competena 17.18 I(#n"*9*, /r*n*/' !&* &' /&'n"# (# +/

#I$ DE DC&"ENTARE N. 2

D#)r*#r#' )*+/"!+#&!r !&*&!r &' !%& (# /!r%+ * )/*%& (# r%.

'tea*/ ,en* a/ pom0/*

B!'&' #)"# /r!(%), (# ! *%/#r, 9*"!/'"!#n,- !r/%&*%/#r** #)"# %n +*#&*% 'r# r#/r#0*n", '/'r'"%& ##"'"* * )#n%+#"# *+n!/&')". Or'n# (# r#0*)"#n, ' *%/#r** )#

n%+#) )r!*.L' !'# (*n 9*%r' (# +'* !) )# !)#r, %n +*#&*%

#n%*% '#0'" n )/#*'& n 0!n' (# /r*n(#r# ' !'#&!r (#"*%"#.

T-,*ne/e 80-to a/ 9p*,/* )e 13


14/94

E)"# /r!(%), (# ! *%/#r, 'r# )# n+%"# 9!r+n(%n +*#&*%- &' n#/%" #n%*% * &' +'"%r*"'"# )# nn#r#"#.

P# +*#&*% )# (#0!&", !n*(** % !n*(*!9!r**.A#"*' )# r,)/n(#) 9!'r"# r'/*( /r*n n"- *n)#"#

)'% /*,"%r* (# /&!'*#.


Competena 17.18 I(#n"*9*, /r*n*/' !&* &' /&'n"# (# +/

#I$A DE DC&"ENTARE N. 3C*&%& #!&%"* '& ",*%n#&%* 0%r,"!r &' !r0

?U)"*&'! n%('@

M*#&*%& '9&'" n #+r*!n M*#&*%& r#"# !('", % Pr*+!r(** *n9#"'"#)# (#0!&", /&'n"'

S/*# ",*%n'"# % +*&*!'n#(# "#%"!)/!r*

14


15/94

S*+/"!+# "*/*# n &'n- *n(*n( )/*# ",*%n'"# (# !r0


Competena 17.18 I(#n"*9*, /r*n*/' !&* &' /&'n"# (# +/

#I$ DE L&CR& N. 1Re,noate* p*n,*pa/e/e 0o/* /a * pom0.

Pr*n r#0!&'r#' '#)"#* 9*# (# &%r% (#/r*n(#* '*&*"'"#' (# ' &%r' *n #=*/, * /#r%/#.

C&')' ' 9* +/,r*", *n (!%, r%/# ' "# 0## #*.L!%& (#)9,%r,r** ' 9* n 9#r+' (*('"*, ' !&**.Gpa I. V' (#"#r+*n' !&* &' %&"%r' (# /!r%+.Gpa II. V' (#"#r+*n' !&* &' %&"%r' (# r%.

F*#'r# r%/, ' "r## r#0%&"'"%& (#"#r+*n,r** n "'#&%& (# +'* !)8

C%&"%r' P'r#&' S*+/"!+# !&**D#n%+*r#'

!&**O)#r'**

1'


16/94


Competena 17.18 I(#n"*9*, /r*n*/' !&* &' /&'n"# (# +/

#I$A DE EVAL&ARE N. 2

TE"AB!&* /&'n"#&!r (# +/

>n )=#+' (# +'* !) #9#"%'* !r#)/!n(#n' n"r# '#n"%& /'"!#n * !r'n#'"''"# ' /&'n"#&!r /r*n ),#*.

9r%n0#

M'n' '"', r,(,*n'

*n9&!r#)#n'

"%&/*n'

P%"r#'*%& /&,n"%#&!r 9r%n0#

'"',r,('*n'

)/*%&

T,*%n# 0%r,"!r r,(,*n'

'"', "%&/*n'

16


17/94


Competena 17.28 I(#n"*9*, /r*n*/' !&* &' /&'n"# =!r"*!

#I$A DE DC&"ENTARE NR 1B!&* /r*n*/'&!r /&'n"# %+*! )%n" #n%+#r'"# +'* !)8

+'n' /%"r#'*%& ,*'r#' 9,*n'r#' #n%)*% 9r%n0#&!r

'&"#rn'r*!0' 9,*n'r#' /%"r#'*%& 9%0'r*!0'#n%*%

+'n' /,"'r#' ,(#r#' 9,*n'r#'

%n=*%&'r, /&,n"%#&!r

+'n' /%"r#'*%& '&"#rn'r*!0' /%"r#'*%& '& #n%)*%

+'n' '&"#rn'r*!0' 9,*n'r#' /%"r#'*%&%+#(,

/%"r#'*%& +'n' '&"#rn'r*!0' %+#(

"(A&

A!#&I

%A0!A+&)I

%&AP

("!%"+

+A!

17


18/94


Competena 17.28 I(#n"*9*, /r*n*/' !&* &' /&'n"# =!r"*!D#)r*#r#' n)%*r*&!r '#n*&!r /'"!#n* 'r# /r!(% !&* /&'n"#&!r

Or*# "%&%r'r# (# !r(*n 9*0*!&!* * +!r9!&!* 'r#

DE REIN&T /#r*&*"#'0, *'' /&'n"#* )'% ' %n#* /,r* (*n #' (%n(&' +*!r'r#' 'n"*"'"*, * '&*"'"*, ' /r!(%*#* /!'r", n%+# (#0oa/-.


B!'&' S*+/"!+# !&**

O9*&*r#' '"#r*'n,

D%n'r#' 'n, '#/#*

L' /&'n"# +'* +'r*- )*+/"!+%& "*/* #)"#!9*&*r#' n", * "r#/"'", 'r# )# *n"#n)*9*,n /#r*!'(' n9&!r*"%&%*. O9*&*r#' n#/# %9r%n0# (# &' '0,. Fr%"# *n9#"'"#)*)"#+* '% /%&/' !&!r'", n 'n * ')#!n(%,"!'r# n r%n.In9#** #$"#rn# ' 9r%"#&!r /r!(% /#"#(# 1 3 ++- *r%&'r#- *0!&'"# )'% (*)/%)# nr%/%r* (# %&!'r# '&**!'),- %&"#r*!r % %n/%n" r%n n #n"r%- ')/#" 'r# '(#"#r+*n'" (#n%+*r#' )*+/"!+%&%* (# ;!=*(# /'),r#n#/n( (# &' '0,- /# 9r%n0#- '/'r (%n*'n#- (# (*+#n)*%n* (*9#r*"# * (#/r#)*%n*(# 9!r+' %n!r ;%r+# (# (##"#


19/94


Competena 17.28 I(#n"*9*, /r*n*/' !&* &' /&'n"# =!r"*!


B!'&' S*+/"!+# !&**

+'n' "!+'"#&!r

S%n" '9#"'"# "!'"# !r'n# '#r*#n#.P# 9r%n0# '/'r /#"# +'r*- &' n#/%"#r0*,&%*- =*(r!0'"#- '/!* #n%*%

r%n**- 'n( /# 9'' *n9#r*!'r, %n /%99*n- '&**!).Fr%n0# '"''"#- n "#' 0*- )#%)%, )'% /%"r#0#).Fr##n" * r' #)"# '"'%& /# 9r%"#-&' )%/r'9'' ,r!r' '/'r /#"#n#r#%&'"#- %!r %9%n('"#- (# %&!'r##r(#+,)&*n*#- /# "*+/ %+#(-'!/#r*"# (# %n /%9 '&**!).

P'"!#n%& /,"r%n(# n /%&/, * /!'"#'%n# &' )#+*n#- 'r# )# r%n*9*,-/*#r0n(%* #r+*n'*'.

1,


20/94


Competena 17.2 I(#n"*9*, /r*n*/' !&* &' /&'n"# =!r"*!R#%n!'"#r#' /r*n*/'&!r !&* &' /!+** 9r%"*9#r*

#I$ DE DC&"ENTARE N. 4?o/*/e pom*/o +,t*+e* 9nt

r'/,n 9,*n'r# +!n*&*!0, '"#r*!0,

r'/,n /%"r#'* +!n*&*!0, '"#r*!0,

*%r%*r#' 'n#r%& +!n*&*!0, 'n"r'n!0,9r%n0#&!r '"#r*'n

'n#r%& +!n*&*!0, *%r%*r#' 'n"r'n!0,9r%n0#&!r '"#r*'n, 9r%n0#&!r

#& !&)IN$ &oluia bolii este dat5 de interaciunea direct5 dintre paraitplant5 i mediu. PAN

AENT

PATOEN MEDIU

(A!

PA!

P!$N

%I!&9

2/


21/94

C%n!)n( ,"%r* (*n"r# # "r#* #+#n"# /%"#+ &%' +,)%r* (# /r##n*r# *!+'"#r# ' !&*&!r.



F*' (# !)#r'*#. D#)r*#* )*+/"!+# '#n"%&%* /'"!#n 'r# /r!(%# 'n#r%& /!+*&!r

#I$ DE

DC&"ENTARE N. 5

21

C'n#r%& '"#r*'n &' /!+**9r%"*9#r*

D#)r*#r#' !&**

E)"# /r!(%), (# ! '"#r*# 'r#/,"r%n(# n *n"#r*!r%& #)%"%r*&!r * )#r,)/n(#"# n "!'"# !r'n#.

B'"#r*' )# /!'"# #(#' n%+'* &'+*r!)!/ (#!'r## )%n" !r'n*)+#%n*#&%&'r# )% 9!r+' %n!r ')"!n'#n%+*"# '*&*.

B'"#r*' )# n+%"# /r*n(**0*%n# #&%&'r, 9!r+n( !&!n**.

>n 9*n'& '/'r r#"#r* #$'#r'"#(# #)%"%r* % ')/#" n#/&,%".

L' n#/%" /# )%/r'9', /r#0*n",

%n &*=*( (%/, 'r# )# %)%,.


22/94




D#)r*#* )*+/"!+# !&*&!r &' /!+** 9r%"*9#r*.22


23/94

P%"r#'*%& r%n ?M!n*&*!0'@

D#)r*#r#' !&**

B!'&' '/'r# /# 9r%n0# )'% &,)"'r** "*n#r* /r*+,'r'(#r#+# )'% /# 9r%"# +'* "r0*%.

S# +'n*9#)", )% 9!r+, (# /#"# #n%** 'r# +'*"r0*% )# '!/#r, % %n +*#&*%.P# 9r%" '/'r /#"# &' n#/%" ,&%* 'r# +'* '/!*

)# n"*n( r'/*( * %/r*n( n"r#%& 9r%".P# )%/r'9'' 9r%"%&%* '/'r #r%r* !n#n"r*#-

9r%"# )# 0r#) * '(.P!+** 9r%"*9#r* )%n" #$/%* '"'%&%* n )/#*'& n

0* %+#(# * ,&(%r!')# n( "#+/#r'"%r' '%n# &'/#)"# 25 C .

M')%r* /r##n"*# n !+'"#r#' /%"r#'*%&%*'+*n"*+8 '(%n'r#' r#)"%r*&!r (# 9r%"# * &,)"'r* '"''"# *

'r(#r#' '#)"!r' /#n"r% ' /r##n* r,)/n(*r#' *%/#r**. #*"'r#' &%r,r*&!r (# nr**r# /# "*+/ %+#( '"%n*

n( )/!r** *%/#r** )# r,)/n(#) %!r /r*n /*,"%r* (#/&!'*# n" )'% %n#&"# % 'r# *n"#r#n*+ n #9#"%'r#'&%r,r*&!r.

DE REIN&T P!+** 9r%"*9#r* )%n" #$/%* '"'%&%* '#n*&!r/'"!#n* ('"!r*", 9'"!r*&!r (# +#(*% n#/r*#&n** %+ 'r 9*8

P!&%'r#' T#+/#r'"%r* ),0%"# T#+/#r'"%r* /r#' r*(*'"# C,(#r* (# r*n(*n, A&"# '&'+*",* n'"%r'



#I$ DE DC&"ENTARE N. 7O)#r'** /r**n( r#%n!'"#r#' +'n#* &' *' (# *#

23


24/94

M'n' *#* (# *#

E)"# #' +'* r,)/n(*", !'&'.

A"'%& '/'r# /# 9r%n0# &,)"'r* * )"r%%r*P#"# # '/'r n% )%n" (#&*+*"'"# * '% ')/#" (#'r)%r, /# 9r%n0#.

P# &,)"'r* )# +'n*9#)", '#')", !'&, /r*n n",r*r#''#)"!r' * (*)"r%#r#' #)%"%r*&!r.P# !'# (# )"r%%r# '/'r# %n /r'9 '&**!) '#0'"/# +*#&*%& *%/#r** *'r /# '#)" /r'9 )%n" !n*(**% !n*(*!9!r**.Or'n# (# n+%&*r# ' *%/#r** r#0*)", /#)"#*'rn, n )!& )'% )% )!'r' "%&/*n**. C!n*(** )#r,)/n(#) r'/*( /r*n n"- /*,"%r* (# /&!'*# )'%*n)#"#.

P# 9r%n0# +'n' '/'r# )% 9!r+' (# /#"# n#&*+*"'"#'r# &' n#/%" )%n" +** (%/, 'r# )# +,r#) *%/r*n( n"r#'' 9r%n0,.A/'r**' /#"#&!r )# !)#r, n )/#*'& /# (!)%&9r%n0#* 'r# % "*+/%& )# ') * )# '!/#r, % %n/r'9.L' )%/r'9'' +*#&*%&%* *%/#r** '/'r !n*(** (#'r, 'r# (#*n +'r!n**.B!'&' /!'"# ), %/r*n(, "!'"# !r'n# '#r*#n# '

/&'n"#* * r#0%&"'"# )# ,( "!'+n' n( /r!(%*')'(# +%&" )'% #)"# "!"'& !+/r!+*), (*n /%n" (##(#r# 'n"*"'"* * '&*"'"*.

DE REIN&T V*' (# *# #)"# ! %&"%r, 9!'r"# )#n)**&, &' '"'%& '#n*&!r/'"!#n* 'r# /r!(% +'n'- 9,*n'r#'- /%"r#'*%& )'% *%r%*r#'

9r%n0#&!r.P#n"r% /r##n*r#' '"'%&%* "r#%*# ), &%,+ +,)%r* (#

**#n*0'r# ' /&'n"'*&!r 'r# )# 9'# "!'+n' * )# !n"*n%, /r*+,'r'(#r#+#.

&NITATEA DE C"'ETEN 17 'RTECIA 'LANTELRCompetena 17.28 I(#n"*9*, /r*n*/' !&* &' /&'n"# =!r"*!

D#)r*#r#' n)%*r*&!r '#n*&!r /'"!#n* 'r# /r!(% !&* /&'n"#&!r

#I$ DE L&CR& N. 1ORANIGAREA ACTIVITII8 r%/# (# "# 3 4 #*.RUPA8 .......................................................................

24


25/94

CLASA8 ........................................................................LOCUL DESFURRII8 ..........................................

SARCINI DE LUCRU81. I(#n"*9*'* !&* (*n *+'*n#2. D#)r*#* )*+/"!+# !&*&!r *(#n"*9*'"#.



A"**"'"#' (# n,'r#8 R#%n!'"# /r*n*/' !&* ' *#* (# *#.

#I$A DE L&CR& N. 2

2'

B!'&' S*+/"!+# !&**


26/94

D#)r*#* )*+/"!+# '#n"%&%* /'"!#n 'r# /r!(%# /%"r#'*%& #n%*% '&)"r%%r#&%*- !r*#n"n(%, (%/, /!0' '&,"%r'",.

P%"r#'*%& #n%*% '& )"r%%r#&%*

DE REIN&T

V'&!'r#' '&*+#n"'r, ' )"r%%r#&%* )# ('"!r#'0, !+/!n#n"#&!r=*+*# ' '#)"%*' * 9!r+#&!r %!r '#)** !r'n*)+%&%* %+'n80'='r%r*- )%)"'n# +*n#r'- *"'+*n#- 'r!+# * '*0* !r'n**.



#I$A DE A&TEVAL&ARE N. 1

T#+'8 R#%n!'"#* /r*n*/' !&* &' /!+** 9r%"*9#r*.

>n )=#+' (# +'* !) #9#"%'* !r#)/!n(#n' n"r# '#n"%& /'"!#n 'r# /r!(%#!'&' * !r'n# '"''"#- /r*n ),#*.

oate organele po&ului26


27/94

MONILIOGAATAC

FINAREA

ATAC

ARSURA BACTERIANATAC

Nu&ai frun'ele

Nu&ai l$starii tineri

(uctele

(run'ele

(run'ele, florile i l$starii tineri

oate organele po&ului

(lorile

(run'ele

27


28/94

R e % i & e % i '


Competena 17.3 R#%n!'"#r#' /r*n*/'&*&!r (,%n,"!r* &' /&'n"# (# +/ %&"*'"#


'*n,*pa/** )-n-to* &' #r#' /#n"r% !'# )%n"8 &,%)"' #r#'&!r- n#+'"!(%&!'#&!r (# r%- /&!n*# #r#'&!r- n('%& =#!)- ,r,%** #r#'&!r- *#r+** )r+,-r,*!'r' /!r%+%&%*- %=' )#+,n,"%r*&!r- )9r#(#&*"!r%& /!r%+%&%*.

&t*/*tatea pa,t*,-' %n!'"#r** /r*n*/'&*&!r (,%n,"!r*8 &' '+/&')'r#' %&"%r*&!r )"'*&*r#' (*9#r#n*'", ' +,)%r*&!r (# !+'"#r#.

!pe,*e > )-n-to !pe,*e ,/t*at-> ata,at-

"o) )e )-nae

r%

) ,r,%#** )# =r,n#) % !'# n &'/"#

) 'r*)"# )%n" r,,*"#) r'=*)%& r,+n# !&.

r%

) /&!n*# '"', '"" n )"'(*%& (# &'r, " * '(%&"

) )# =r,n#) % "!'"# /,r* #r#'&!r

) /r*n *n"r!(%#r#' )'&*#* "!$*# &' '0' r'=*)%&%*- )/*%& '!r"#'0, nn"r#*+#

) )%n" '"''"# * !'# n "!'"# )"'(** (# (#0!&"'r#) n"r%n )"'(*% (# !'#r# +'* ''n)'"- !'# '% %n !n*n%" r#(%) (#

&%"#n *'r 9,*n' * /*#r(# (*n '&*"'"#' (# /'n*9*'*#.

P!r%+ ) /&'n"# (# /!r%+ )%n" '"''"# n /#r*!'(' (# &' r,)%*r# * /n, &' )"'(*%&(# 45 9r%n0#- )*"%'*# n 'r# '(%&** r#"#'0, /&'n"' (# &' '0,

) (', /&'n"# )%n" +'* +'r* (# 45 9r%n0#- '/'r r!),"%r* /# +'r*n#'9r%n0#*- )/#*9*#- )% 9!r+, (# "r#/"# r#n#&'".

P!r%+

) '"'%& )# +'n*9#)", n /#r*!'(' n( /!r%+%& )# ,)#"# n 9'0' (#n)/*'r#n9&!r*r# * )# r#%n!'"# %!r /r*n r%+#%%& # '"rn, n(r#/"%& !r*9***&!r '/,r%"# /# /&'n", )'% ' r%+#%%&%* ,0%" n 0!n'r'"##&!r

) ' %r+'r# ' 'r**&!r- &' %n n" +'* /%"#rn* "%&/*n' )# 9rn# )% "*%"#*'r "*%"# n% )# +'* !'# n!r+'&.


Competena 17.3 R#%n!'"#r#' /r*n*/'&*&!r (,%n,"!r* &' )/#** (*n r%/'

%+*n!')#&!r /#n"r% !'#

28


29/94


30/94

a culturil!(o)re)*o)re(+i

$,

I&

uricele inului este p5;ubitor n special n stadiul de adult< daunele produse de lare trec adesea neobserate. Adulii distru; plantulele din prim5

M) $rr

>5r;5riele distru; esuturile eri ale plan


Re,noateea p*n,*pa/*/o )-n-to* /a pa )e p/ante o/ea*noa9e

Pr*n*/' /&'n"# !'*n!')# %&"*'"# n R!+n*' )%n"8 9&!'r#' )!'r#&%* *n%& /#n"r%%* r**n%& +'%& r'/*' +%"'r%& !9r,n#&%&. D*n"r# '#)"#'- n %&"*+** 'n*- (!'r 9&!'r#'

)!'r#&%* +'* !%/, )%/r'9## *+/!r"'n"#.C#* +'* *+/!r"'n* (,%n,"!r* &' /&'n"# !'*n!')# )%n"8 n('%& /,+n"%&%* /%r*# *n%&%* ,r,r*' '/)%&!r (# +'.


Competena 17.3R#%n!'"#r#' /r*n*/'&*&!r (,%n,"!r* &' /&'n"# (# +/


Re,noateea p*n,*pa/*/o )-n-to* /a pa )e p/ante -)-,*noa9e * t0e,/*+ee

3/


31/94


32/94

De re%i&+1

LUCERNA

>:ndacul rou al lucerneiProduce daune n stadiul de lar5 i adultB roade frunele pe mar;ini limbul poatePa;ube mari la prima i a doua coas5.

>5r;5ria rad5cinilor de lucerna

%ei mai p5;ubitoriCa lar5 distru;e r5d5cinile ;roase f5c:nd canale nere;ulate sau caerne care p5trund mult n ad:ncime< r5d5cinile sunt m:ncate parial sau total5r;5ria lucernei

&ste p5;ubitoare at:t n stadiul de adult c:t i de lar5< adulii distru; parenchimul frunelor prooc:nd scheletarea i uscarea lor lar

Plonia lucernei#auneB ploniele neap5 i su; :rfurile inflorescenelor butonii florali i oarele< infloresce

>5r;5ria frunelor de lucern5Atac5 frunele tinere de lucern5 ro:nd epiderma inferioar5 i parenchimul l5s:nd neatins5 epide

De re%i&+1

#I$ DE DC&"ENTARE N. 5Pr*n*/'&** (,%n,"!r* &' )/#** (# /&'n"# 9%r'#r# )%n"8

*#)/#' )#+*n#&!r (# &%#rn,- /&!n*' &%#rn#* n('%& r!% '& &%#rn#*

%%r%0' &%#rn#* ,r,r*' 9r%n0#&!r (# &%#rn, ,r,r*' 9&!r*&!r (# "r*9!* *#)/#' )#+*n#&!r (# "r*9!*

/&!n*' &%#rn#*.


Competena 17.3R#%n!'"#r#' /r*n*/'&*&!r (,%n,"!r* &' /&'n"# (# +/ ?/&'n"# 9%r'#r#@


Pr*n*/'&** (,%n,"!r* &' )/#** (# /&'n"# 9%r'#r# )%n"8 *#)/#' )#+*n#&!r (# "r*9!* ,r,r*' 9&!r*&!r (# "r*9!*

32


33/94

>5r;5ria florilor de trifoi>5r;5riele atac5 frunele iar larele seminele< de nutre de trifoi poate conine p:n5 la 1//// de ;5r;5rie

TRI!OI

+iespea seminelor de lucern5 i trifoiAtac5 n special trifoiul rou< larele iespii distru; seminele de trifoi i lucern5 ncep:nd din faa n lapte i termin:nd cu cea de coacer


Competena 17.3 R#%n!'"#r#' /r*n*/'&*&!r (,%n,"!r* &' /&'n"# (# +/

#I$ DE L&CR& N. 1

Re,noateea )-n-to*/o /*

Tema C/ta /*

Ce*ne1. In(*'* /r*n ),#* /r*n*/'&** (,%n,"!r* '* r%&%*

33


34/94

2. C!+/"'* /#n"r% 9*#'r# (,%n,"!r +!(%& (# '"'.

34


35/94


Competena 17.3R#%n!'"#r#' /r*n*/'&*&!r (,%n,"!r* &' /&'n"# (# +/ ?/&'n"#!'*n!')#@

E:e,**/ n.

#I$ DE L&CR& N. 2

Re,noateea p*n,*pa/*/o )-n-to* /a pa )e p/ante o/ea*noa9e

Pr*** % '"#n*# *+'*n* (# +'* !) * )"'*&**- /r*n ),#*- !r#)/!n(#n' (*n"r#

!&!'n' A * !&!'n' B- n )!/%& *(#n"*9*,r** (,%n,"!r*&!r &' /&'n"# !'*n!')#8

A

?

3'


36/94

36


37/94


Competena 17.3R#%n!'"#r#' /r*n*/'&*&!r (,%n,"!r* &' /&'n"# (# +/ ?/&'n"# 9%r'#r#@

E:e,**/ n.

#I$ DE ?!ERVAIE N. 1

D-n-to** p/ante/o +a@ee

E/e/C/a9a

"o)//>)*9,*p/*naT*p/ a,t**t-**Lo,/ )e )e9+-ae'e*oa)aTema R#%n!'"#r#' (,%n,"!r*&!r /&'n"#&!r 9%r'#r#!a,*n* )e /,

1. I(#n"*9*, %&"%r' 9%r'#r,2. R#%n!'"# (,%n,"!r** ?)"'(*%8 '(%&"- &'r,@3. I(#n"*9*, +!(%& (# '"'-

4. S"'*"# (#n)*"'"#' (# '"' H +2."ate*a/e ne,e9ae &%/,- r%",- '"&')# 0!!&!*#- *n)#"'r#.

ne*9taea * *ntepetaea )ate/oC/ta D-n-to/

*)ent*+*,atA)/t > /a- "o) )e ata,

37


38/94


Competena 17.3R#%n!'"#r#' /r*n*/'&*&!r (,%n,"!r* &' /&'n"# (# +/

E:e,**/ n.


Re,noateea p*n,*pa/*/o )-n-to* /a pa )e p/ante -)-,*noa9e * t0e,/*+ee

E/e/

C/a9a"o)//>)*9,*p/*naT*p/ a,t**t-**Lo,/ )e )e9+-ae'e*oa)aTema R#%n!'"#r#' /r*n*/'&*&!r (,%n,"!r* &' )9#&, * 'r"!9!a,*n* )e /,

1. I(#n"*9*, %&"%r'2. R#%n!'"# /r*n*/'&** (,%n,"!r*

3. I(#n"*9*, +!(%& (# '"'-4. S"'*"# *n"#n)*"'"#' '"'%&%*."ate*a/e ne,e9ae &%/,- r%",- *n)#"'r#- '"&')# #n"!+!&!*# ?0!!&!*#@

ne*9taea * *ntepetaea )ate/o

C/taD-n-to/*)ent*+*,at

!ta)* )e)e8o/tae)-n-to

"o) )e ata,

38


39/94


Competena 17.38 R#%n!'"#r#' /r*n*/'&*&!r (,%n,"!r* &' /&'n"# (# +/ ?/&'n"# 9%r'#r#@

TE!T DE EVAL&ARE N. 1

Re,noate p*n,*pa/** )-n-to* /a p/ante/e )e ,mp +a@eeB

I. n,e,** /*tea ,oe9pn8-toae -9pn9/* ,oe,t1. D-n-to** ,eea/e/o 9nta. ,--0** * p/on*e/e0. --*e/e,. p-),** e8*

). n)a,/ )e Co/oa)o.2. R-*oaa e9te n )-n-to a/a. /*0. o8/*,. +a9o/e*). pom0/*.3. C--0e** ,eea/e/o 9e -ne9, ,a. +n8e0. -)-,*n*

,. 9p*,e). 0oa0e ;n /apte.4. G--*a +a9o/e* pooa,- )anea. +n8e/o0. 0oa0e/o,. -)-,*n*/o). p-9t-*/o.5. '*,e/e *n/* e9te p-0*to ;n 9pe,*a/ ;n 9ta)*/ )ea. /a-

0. n*m+-,. a)/t). o )a0*/.

II.1. n,e,** /*tea A< )a,- enn/ e9te a)e-at* /*tea #< )a,- enn/ e9te+a/9

1 A # P&!n*# #r#'&!r '"', '"" n )"'(*% (# &'r, " * (# '(%&"2 A # n('%& /,+n"*% '"', n )/#*'& %&"%r* (# /!r%+

3 A # B%%r%0' &%#rn#* #)"# ! *n)#", /!&*9',4 A # n('%& (# C!&!r'(! '"', (!'r n )"'(*% (# '(%&"

3,


40/94

II.2. Enmea* p*n,*pa/** )-n-to* /a 9pe,**/e )*n pa /em*noa9e/o pent0oa0e

a. ..............................................0. ..............................................

A/,-t** n 9,t e9e , t*t//D-n-to** p/ante/o +a@ee

4/


41/94


Competena 17.4 R#%n!'"#r#' /r*n*/'&*&!r (,%n,"!r* &' /&'n"# =!r"*! %&"*'"#


R#%n!'"#r#' /r*n*/'&*&!r (,%n,"!r* &' %&!')#

REINEI (((

Pr*n*/' /&'n"# (*n r%/' %+#&!r %&!')# )%n"8 #'/'- %)"%r!*%& * /r'0%& *'r (*nr%/' %+#&!r r,(,*n!')# 9' /'r"#8 +!r!%&- /,"r%n#&%&- /,)"rn'%&- #&*n' (# r,(,*n,-r*(*=#'- )9#&' r!*#.

D-n-to** 0/0oa9e/o 9nt!pe,*e,/t*at-

'o8- * )enm*e )-n-to "o) )e ata,

U)"%r!* H#'/,

V*#r+# #/#* * %)"%r!*%&%* C#'/' "n,r, (*n 'r/'* r#"# (#9!r+'",(', #)"# '"''",- *'r #' (*n ),+n,/!'r", *#r+** n #' (', /r!*n# (*n 'r/'*'"''"- /%"n( "r## =*'r n ),+n,.P&'n"# "n#) n (#0!&"'r# * r,+n/*/#rn**"#- *'r %&** /%"r#0#)- /*#r0n(%*

'&!'r#' !+#r*'&,.

C#'/,

,r,r*' #/#* P'%# # +'* +'r* /r!(% &'r#-'"'%& '(%&*&!r "r#n( '(#)#' n#!)#r'".D*n '%0' '"'%&%*- 9r%n0# (# #'/, (#*n*+/r!/r** /#n"r% !n)%+ n )"'r# #r(#-r9%r* )# %)%,- *'r )%/r'9'' (# ')*+*&'r#)# +*!r#'0,.

C#'/, H%)"%r!* H/r'0

M%)' #/#* B%&** (# #'/, '"''* #(#'0, &' '/,)'r#-*n"#r*!r%& &!r 9**n( '&"#r'"- )'% /# ' (#

(#)!+/%n#r#- *'r 9r%n0# r,+n/*/#rn**"#- )# n,n#) * )# %)%,.


41


42/94



R#%n!'"#r#' /r*n*/'&*&!r (,%n,"!r* &' r,(,*n!')#ATENIE (((

D,%n,"!r** r,(,*n!')#&!r )%n"8!pe,*e

,/t*at-'o8- * )enm*e )-n-to "o) )e ata,

P,)"rn'

H+,r'rH+!r!

P&!n*' ,r'", L'r# * '(%&** '"', )#+*n#

%+#&*9#r#&!r- /r!(%n( *",*r#'&!r

P,)"rn'H

+,r'rH+!r!

H

/,"r%n#&

P&!n*' %+#&*9#r#&!r

P&!n*' r%n,

>n#'/, * )% n )/#*'& )#+*n#-n( '#)"#' )%n" #r0* )'% '/r!'/#(# !/". D*n '%0' n#/,"%r*&!r *)%#r** &!r- )#+*n# )# *",#)-(##n*n( )#*.

42


43/94



#I$ DE DC&"ENTARE N. 3Pr*n*/' /&'n"# (*n r%/' ,r0!')#&!r %&"*'"# n R!+n*' )%n"8 'r0' '&,- 'r0'

r!*#- 'r0' (# Br%$#&)- !n!/*('- %&*'.Pr*n*/'&** (,%n,"!r* &' '#)"# /&'n"# )%n"8

o /,(%=# #n%*% '& #r0#*o /%r*** (# /,+n"o ,r,r*' '&*!&, ' #r0#*o ,r,r*' '&')"r, ' #r0#*o %=' #r0#*o +%)' #r0#*o /&!n*' r!*# ' #r0#*o +!&*' #r0#*o 9&%"%r# '& '& #r0#*

D-n-to* "o) )e ata,P,(%=##n%*% 'r0#*

D'"!r*", n#/,r** )#+*n# *",#)-(%n( &' ),(#r#' r#!&"#*. D'"!r*",+%r(,r*#* /# 'r# ! &'), /# 9r%n0#- 'r0' */*#r(# '&!'r#' !+#r*'&,- *'r (', '"'%&

)# nr#*)"r#'0, n( 'r0' #)"# "n,r,/&'n"# n% +'* r#)- )# n,n#) * )#%)%,

P&!n*'r!*# '#r0#*

A(%&** * &'r# '"', 9r%n0#r%*9#r#&!r # n#'/, * )% )%%& #&%&'r(*n 9r%n0#- &,)"'r*- 9&!r*- /r!(%n(n#r!0'r#' #)%"%r*&!r. P&'n"# "*n#r# )#(#9!r+#'0,- 9r%n0# )# n,n#) * )#%)%,- 9&!r* '(#)#' '!r"#'0,- *'r /&'n"#/r!(% +'* /%*n# )#+*n#

M!&*' #r0#* O+*0* /,"r%n( n 9r%n0#- %n(# )# =r,n#)% #)%"%r* #r0#*- 9!r+n( +*n# )'%'r**- '/!* *#) * )# =r,n#)- (*)"r%n(#/*(#r+' * /'r#n=*+%& /,r** *n9#r*!'r# '9r%n0#&!r- )% 9!r+' %n!r !=*%r* (*n 'r#n% +'* r,+n# (#" #/*(#r+' )%/#r*!'r,)% 9!r+, (# 9#r#)"r#- (# %n(# * (#n%+*r#''"'%&%* (# ;9#r,)"r%*r#


44/94

B%=' #r0#* O+*0* '"', 9r%n0# (# /# /!'-)=#"n(%- *'r n %&"*+# r)"#-,/,n* (# 'r0,- /r!(%n( )9r#(#&*r#'&!r.

F&%"%r# '&'& #r0#*

L'r# '"', n r%/ # r!( #/*(#r+'*n9#r*!'r, * /'r#n=*+%& 9r%n0#&!r- %&"#r*!r)# r,)/n(#) /# /'r"#' )%/#r*!'r, '9r%n0#&!r. >n %r+' '"'%&%* n% r,+n (*n&*+%& 9!&*'r (#" n#r%r* /r*n*/'.O+*0* r!( )%/r'9'' ,/,n**- *'r#$r#+#n"# &!r- /# 'r# )# (#0!&",(*9#r*"# +*r!!r'n*)+#- /r!!',/%"r#0*r#' ,/,n**.

P%r*#,r'" (#/,+n"

>n 'n** (# *n'0**- /%r*** '"', n +'),/r!!n( %)'r#' /&'n"#&!r- +'* ') ' #&!r"*n#r#- n('", (%/, r#/*'r#. P&'n"#(#0!&"'"# )%n" +'* /%*n '"''"#- '"'%&

nr#*)"rn(%)# n )/#*'& /# 9r%n0# (# &'/!'.

P%r*#n#r% (#/,+n"

,r,r*''&*!&, '#r0#*

D'"!r*", /r#0#n#* '&!r n 'r# )#(#0!&", &'r#- /&'n"# "n#) n(#0!&"'r#- n%+'* (', '#)"#' )# '9&, nn%+,r +'r#.

,r,r*''&')"r, '#r0#*

C' %r+'r# ' '"'%&%* /&'n"# "n#) n(#0!&"'r# *'r /r!(%*' (# )#+*n# )'(#

M%)'#r0#*

L'r# /r#9#r, n )/#*'& 'r0' '&, (#!n)%+- (%n( &' ),(#r#' /r!(%*#* (#),+n,.



44


45/94

$r+/) So()&o3r+1o)*e(or61om)1e )r-ei i&e1e


Re,noateea p*n,*pa/*/o )-n-to* 9pe,*+*,* 9o/ano=+,toa9e/o

REINEI (((

Pr*n*/' %+# (*n r%/' )!&'n!9r%"!')#&!r )%n"8 "!+'"#- 'r(#*%& * /,"&,#*n#"#- *'r /r*n*/'&** (,%n,"!r* )%n"8

4'


46/94

SPECIA POMICOL MR

&NITATEA DE C"'ETEN 17. 'RTECIA 'LANTELR

Competena 17.4. R#%n!'"# /r*n*/'&** (,%n,"!r* &' /&'n"# =!r"*! %&"*'"#


Re,noateea p*n,*pa/*/o )-n-to* /a pom** +,t*+e*

REINEI (((

Pr*n*/'&** (,%n,"!r* '* )/#**&!r )+%r!')# ?+,r- /,r@ )%n"8

46


47/94


Competena 17.4. R#%n!'"# /r*n*/'&** (,%n,"!r* &' /&'n"# =!r"*! %&"*'"#D-n-to Dane

P,(%=##r(# '&+,r%&%*

Pr*+,'r' !&!n*0#'0, +%%r**- '/!* 9r%n0# * r9%r* &,)"'r*&!r )#&!'&*0#'0, /# /'r"#' *n9#r*!'r, ' 9r%n0#&!r- (*n 'r# )% )#' 9r%n0#'"''"# )# r,)%#)- *'r n # (*n %r+, )# n,n#) * '( /,(%=**#&*+*n, /# 9r%n0# (##** ;r!%, (# +*#r#< /# 'r# )# *n)"''0,*%/#r*.

P,(%=#&n!)

D,%n,"!r (# 'r'n"*n, !&!n*0#'0, '"" /,r* &' '#r*#n# " * r,(,*n*)%/#r9**' n#'/, * )% )%%& #&%&'r- *'r #)%"%r* '"''"# )#=*/#r"r!9*'0, * 9!r+#'0, "%+!r* )'% n!(!0*",*- ' %r+'r# *r%&'*')%)"'n#&!r =r,n*"!'r#- ')"9#& , /!+** )# (#0#=*&*r#'0, * n *' 'n*)# %)%,.

P,(%=# (*n

S'n !)J

>n %r+' '"'%&%*- /!+** )# %)%, n#/n( (# &' r9 ,"r# '0,- r'+%r* )#

(#'rn*)#) (# +%%r*- *'r 9r%"# r,+n /*/#rn**"# * % /#"# r!**- (*n'r# '%0, # * /*#r( '&!'r#' !+#r*'&,.P,*'n#n%&r%n '&/!+*&!r

Pr!(%# /'%# +'r* /r*n (#/*+#n"'r#' * %)'r#' 9r%n0#&!r- (*n 'r#'%0, )%/r'9'' (# ')*+*&'r# )# r#(%#- 9r%"# r,+n +**- *'r +%%r** (#r!( n% )# +'* 9!r+#'0,.

V*#)/#'+#r#&!r

L'r# r!( )+%r** r%0*- '/!* )# =r,n#) % /%&/' 9r%"#&!r- 9!r+n('*",* /&*n# % #$r#+#n"# * r#)"%r* (# =r'n, 9r%"# '"''"# n% )# +'*(#0!&", * '(.

n('%&

/,r!)

C!n)%+, !r'n# *n"#rn# ?)"'+*n#- !'r#- /*)"*&@- %n#!r* r!( * )#/' n

'n** % *n'0**- r#!&"' (# 9r%"# /!'"# 9* !+/r!+*),.n('%&9&!r*&!r

M'* /%*n (,%n,"!r. A"', 9&!r* /!+*&!r.

,r,r*'9r%"#&!r

A(%&** '"', +%%r** 9&!r'&* n 9!r+'r# &'r# '"', )#+*n# n 9!r+'r#')"9#& n" 9r%"# r,+n +** * '( &' )!&.

,r,r*'9&!r*&!r (#+,r

A(%&** r!( +%%r** 9&!r'&* * 9!&*'r*- #/*(#r+' * /'r#n=*+%& 9r%n0#&!r-'r# '/,", ')/#" r#"*%&'" ('%n# +'r* /r!(% &'r# 'r# !n)%+,)"'+*n#- /*)"*&%& * r#)"%& +%%r*&!r 9&!r'&* '#"*' )# r%n*9*, * )#%)%,- 9**n( %n!)%* )% n%+# (# ;%*!'r#


48/94

&NITATEA DE C"'ETEN 17. 'RTECIA 'LANTELRCompetena 17.4. R#%n!'"# /r*n*/'&** (,%n,"!r* &' /&'n"# =!r"*! %&"*'"#

#I$ DE DC&"ENTARE N. 6Re,noateea p*n,*pa/*/o )-n-to* /a *a )e *e

REINEI ((( Pr*n*/'&** (,%n,"!r* &' *' (# *# )%n"89*&!$#r'- ''r*#n**- +!&*' )"r%%r*&!r- +!&*' 9r%n0#* *#* (# *#-/,(%=# &n!) '& *#*- *#)/#' )"r%%r*&!r- ,r,%%& *#* (# *#-,r,%** (# +'* #".

!pe,*e 'o8a "o) )e )-naeP,*'n#n%&*#* (# *#?"'r%&@

A"'%& +')* '& /,*'n#n%&%* (#"#r+*n, (#9!&*#r#' %"%*&!r)"r%%r** r,+n n#!/*- n#+'*'n( 9r%n0# 'r# ), ')*+*#* ('% %n *n 'r%- *'r !'r(# (# *, r,+n n#!'/"# *#$/%)# &' n=#.

F*&!$#r'*#* (# *#

C#& +'* (,%n,"!r 9!r+# '&*! n#'/, * )% )#' /#/'r"#' *n9#r*!'r, 9r%n0# '/'r +,r#&%*"# 9!r+' r'(**!&,)# *n)"''0, /# r,(,*n* "*n#r# 9!r+n( ;n!(!0*",*< )'%"r# /# r,(,*n* +'* r!')# * 9!r+#'0, ;"%#r!0*",*


49/94

$r+/)r9o)*e



E:e,**/ n.

#I$ DE L&CR& N. 1

Pr*** % '"#n*# *+'*n* (# +'* !) * *n(*'* /r*n ),#* /r*n*/'&** (,%n,"!r* &'/&'n"# %+*! (*n r%/' ;V,r0!')#


50/94



#I$ DE L&CR& N. 2E:e,**/ n.

Pr*** % '"#n*# *+'*n* (# +'* !) * *n(*'* /r*n ),#* !r#)/!n(#n' (*n"r#(,%n,"!r%& *(#n"*9*'" * +!(%& &%* (# '"'8

1 Coloni'ea'$ att p$r#ile aeriene, ct i r$d$cinilesuperficiale+ n#eap$ i sug sucul celular+#esuturile atacate se %ipertrofia'$ i for&ea'$tu&ori sau nodo'it$#i+ po&ii se de'ec%ilibrea'$

2ar*ele rod galerii n pulpa fructelor, consu&ndse&in#ele, apoi trec n alt fruct+ galeriile sunt plinecu excre&ente, resturi de %ran$ i fibre

&$t$soase+ fructele cad de ti&puriu i putre'esc.

1

Consu&$ organele interne -sta&ine, o*are, pistil/,uneori rod i sepalele+ n anii cu in*a'ii, recolta defructe poate fi co&pro&is$

1

Adul#ii rod &ugurii florali i foliari, epider&a iparenc%i&ul frun'elor, care cap$t$ aspectreticulat+ daune &ari produc lar*ele care consu&$sta&inele, pistilul i restul &ugurilor florali+ acetiase brunific$ i se usuc$, fiind cunoscu#i subnu&ele de 3cuioare.

1

'/


51/94



E:e,**/ n.

#I$ DE L&CR& N. 3S#"'* (*n *+'*n* (# +'* !) /r*n*/'&** (,%n,"!r* &' *' (# *#

+I)A #& +I&

'1


52/94



E:e,**/ n.


Re,noateea p*n,*pa/*/o )-n-to* /a -)-,*noa9e * 0/0oa9e

E%&8 ...............................................................................................C&')'8 ...............................................................................................M!(%&%&8 ................................................................................................T*/%& '"**",**8 ................................................................................................L!%& (# (#)9,%r'r#8 ................................................................................................P#r*!'('8 ................................................................................................T#+'8 R#%n!'"#r#' /r*n*/'&*&!r (,%n,"!r* &' r,(,*n!')# * %&!')#

!a,*n* )e /,

1. I(#n"*9*, %&"%r'2. r#%n!'"# (,%n,"!r**3. I(#n"*9*, +!(%& (# '"'

"ate*a/e ne,e9ae &%/, * *n)#"'r#- '"&') #n"!+!&!*

C/ta D-n-to/ *)ent*+*,at !ta)* )e ata, "o) )e ata,

'2


53/94


Competena 17.5 S%/r'#=#'0, '/&*'r#' %n#* )=#+# "#=n!&!*# (# /r##n*r# *!+'"#r# ' !&*&!r * (,%n,"!r*&!r &' %&"%r' /&'n"#&!r.

Con*nt/8 C'&%&'r#' 'n"*",** (# /#)"**( n##)'r "r'"'+#n"#&!r 9*"!)'n*"'r#.

#I$A DE DC&"ENTARE N. 1

>n #n#r'& /#n"r% 1 =' (# %&"%r, )'% /&'n"'*# "r#%*# ), )# %n!'), 'n"*"'"#' (#)!&%*# # )# '(+*n*)"r#'0,. A#')"' 'r*'0, n"r# 5KK1KKK & H =' &' %n )"r!/*". C'n"*"'"#'(# /#)"**(# &*=*(# )'% /%r* %+#"'* n##)'r, %+/r** r#0#r!r%&%* '/'r'"%&%* (#)"r!/*" )# )"'*"# 9!&!)*n( 9!r+%&'8

ncDE

=

-n 'r#8

#)"# 'n"*"'"#' (# /#)"**( n##)'r, n & )'% /#n"r% %n r#0#r!r #)"# 'n"*"'"#' (# /#)"**( r#!+'n('" ' )# 9!&!)* &' =' #)"# '/'*"'"#' r#0#r!r%&%* +'*n** (# )"r!/*" n & n #)"# 'n"*"'"#' (# &*=*( 9!&!)*", &' ='- &H='

D#!'r## /#n"r% "r'"'+#n"# 9*"!)'n*"'r# /r!(%)# )%n" r#!+'n('"# n (*9#r*"#

!n#n"r'** #$*)", "'# n 'r# )%n" *n(*'"# 'n"*",* !r#)/%n0,"!'r# n r'+#)'% #n"*+#"r* %*.

C!n#n"r'*'

C'n"*"'"#' (# /#)"**( /#n"r% (*9#r*"# 'n"*",* (# )!&%*# ? )'% + %* @1K &*"r* 25 &*"r* 5K &*"r* 1KK &*"r* 1KKK &*"r*

K-K3 3 7-5 15 3K 3KKK-K5 5 12-5 25 5K 5KKK-1 1K 25 5K 1KK 1KKKK-15 15 37-5 75 15K 15KKK-2 2K 5K 1KK 2KK 2KKKK-25 25 62-5 125 25K 25KKK-3 3K 75 15K 3KK 3KKKK-35 35 7-5 175 35K 35KKK-4 4K 1KK 2KK 4KK 4KKKK-5 5K 125 25K 5KK 5KKKK-6 6K 15K 3KK 6KK 6KKK

1-K 1KK 25K 5KK 1KKK 1KKKK1-5 15K 375 75K 15KK 15KKK2-K 2KK 5KK 1KKK 2KKK 2KKKK

'3


54/94

3-K 3KK 75K 15KK 3KKK 3KKKK



Con*nt/ V#r*9*'r#' '/&*,r** +,)%r*&!r (# /r##n*r# ' '"'%&%* (# !&* * (,%n,"!r* &'/&'n"# (# %&"%r,.


C!+'"#r#' *n"#r'", ' !&*&!r * (,%n,"!r*&!r *n&%(# n"r%n "!" %n*"'r "!'"# +#"!(#=*+*#- *!&!*#- 'r!"#=n*# * 9*0*# /r#%+ * ' 9'"!r*&!r n'"%r'&* (# !+'"#r#- n ''

9#& n" ), )# r#'&*0#0# ! r#&'r# * ! !+'"#r# ' /!/%&'**&!r (# !r'n*)+# (,%n,"!'r# 'r#), n% (#/,#'), /r'%& #!n!+* (# (,%n'r# ?P.E D. @

Un r!& *+/!r"'n" n '(r%& !+'"#r** *n"#r'"# r#*n# %r+,"!'r#&!r +,)%r*8

F#r"*&*0'r#' r'*!n'&, ' %&"%r*&!r n #(#r#' ')*%r,r** %n%* #=*&*r% n"r# /r!#)# (#r#"#r# * 9r%"*9*'r#.

E*"'r#' #$#)%&%* (# '0!" 'r# )#n)**&*0#'0, /&'n"#.

E9#"%'r# &%r,r*&!r 'r!"#=n*# &' "*+/ /#n"r% (*)"r%#r#' %n!r '#n* /'"!#n* *(,%n,"!r*. >n&,"%r'r#' )%r)#&!r (# *n9#*# (*n %&"%r* * /&'n"'** n ##"'*# )'% n r#/'%).

C!+'"#r#' *!&!*, /r#)%/%n# %"*&*0'r#' !r'n*)+#&!r **- ' /r!(%)#&!r &!r /#n"r% '/r##n** )'% r#(%# /*#r(#r* )'% ('%n# /r!(%)# (# !r'n*)+# (,%n,"!'r#.

Ar*%&"%r' #!&!*, /r#)%/%n# '#& )*)"#+ (# %&"%r, 'r# %r+,r#"# /,)"r'r#' %n%*+#(*% n#/!&%'"- *n"#r0*n( 9!&!)*r#' /r!(%)#&!r (# )*n"#0,- '& ,r!r #9#" /# "#r+#n &%n

')%/r' ),n,",** n!')"r# #)"# *+/r#*0**&.P#n"r% !+'"#r#' *!&!*, )# %r+,r#"# *(#n"*9*'r#' * /r!"#'r#' )/#**&!r %"*-/r##n*r#' n+%&*r** )/#**&!r (,%n,"!'r# * +/*#(*'r#' (#0!&",r** &!r /r*n +*&!'# " +'*n'"%r' * " +'* /%*n "!$*#.

A'n"'# !+'"#r** *!&!*# )%n"8 E*"'r#' /!&%,r**. F*"!"!$**"'"# r#(%),. R#!&", 9,r, r#0*(%%r* "!$*#.

E*"'r#' '/'r**#* r#0*)"#n#* &' /#)"**(# A)*%r'r#' ),n,",** !+%&%*- +#(*%&%* * #&!r&'&"# *#%*"!'r#.

'4


55/94




D#)r*#r#' !/#r'**&!r (# "r'"'r# ' )#+*n#&!r * +'"#r*'&%&%* ),(*"!r !n"r' !&*&!r *(,%n,"!r*&!r.

P# &n, +,)%r* /r##n"*# (# +#n*n#r# ' ),n,",**/&'n"#&!r- %n r!& *+/!r"'n" & '% +#"!(# =*+*# (# !+'"#r# ' !&*&!r *(,%n,"!r*&!r.

C!+'"#r#' =*+*, !n)", n '(+*n*)"r'r#' (# /#)"**(# 'r# %/r*n(8 9%n**(#-*n)#"**(# * #r**(#.

C!+'"#r#' =*+*, n#/# % "r'"'+#n"# &' ),+n, * +'"#r*'& ),(*"!r /#n"r% '

/r##n** #$"*n(#r#' !&** )'% ' (,%n,"!r%&%* n, (# &' )#+,n'".P#n"r% ),+n, "r'"'+#n"# )# 9' % ! 0* n'*n"# (# )#+,n'" 9!&!)*n( (*)/!0*"*# (#'+#)"#'r# ' )#+*n#* % /r'9%& )'% )!&%*' (# /#)"**( !r#)/%n0,"!'r#.

L' )"'*&*r#' (!0#* (# /#)"**(- n /r'"*' %r#n", )# (*)%",(# !n#n"r'*' (# )!&%*# 9!&!)*", &' "r'"'+#n" /#n"r% ! )%", &*"r* '/,- )'% (# )%)"'n,'"*, n##)'r, /#n"r% %n =#"'r (# %&"%r,.

A#r#' /r!(%)#&!r )# 9'# n 9%n*# (# #9*'*"'"#'- +!(%& (# '*%n# * #9#"#)#%n('r# # /!" ), '/'r, (%/, "r'"'+#n".

P#n"r% ! !+'"#r# #9**#n", "r#%*# ), *n#+ )#'+' (# %r+,"!'r#

#)"# +'* %!r ), )# /r#*n, %n '"' (#" ), )# !+'",''


56/94

+*&!'# =*+*# !r 9* 9!&!)*"# (%/, # #&'&"# '% 9!)" #/%*0'"# "r'"'+#n"# =*+*# "r#%*# '/&*'"# &' +!+#n"%& !/"*+ )%n" r#!+'n('"# "r'"'+#n"# !+*n'"#

P#n"r% +'"#r*'&%& (# /&'n"'" &' /!+* * *' (# *# )'% '&* 'r%"* 9r%"*9#r* '#)"' )#' r#!&"' n%+'* (*n %"%* ),n,"!* )'% /#/*n*#r# &*#r# (# *r!0,.

'6


57/94



#I$ DE L&CR& N. 1

C'&%'0, n##)'r%& (# /#)"**( /#n"r% #9#"%'r#' "r'"'+#n"#&!r 9*"!)'n*"'r#

N%+# #%&%*8D'"'8L!%& (#)9,%r,r**8 L'!r'"!r

C'&%&%& )# 9'# *n(**(%'& (# ,"r# 9*#'r# # * )# 'n'&*0#'0, r#0%&"'"# &' )9r*".

D'"# n##)'r# '&%&%&%*

C'&%'0, 'n"*"'"#' (# /#)"**(/#n"r% %n r#0#r!r %n!)n(8

#)"# 'n"*"'"#' (# /#)"**(!+#r*'& (# 5 &H='.

#)"# '/'*"'"#' r#0#r!r%&%*(# 12KK &.

n #)"# 'n"*"'"#' (# &*=*(9!&!)*", &' %n =' (# 6KK &.

E9#"%'r#' '&%&%&%* 9!&!)*n( 9!r+%&'

%n!)%",

Q ncD

DE REINUT P#n"r% '/&*'r#' "r'"'+#n"#&!r 9*"!)'n*"'r# n !+'"#r#' !&*&!r *(,%n,"!r*&!r &' /!+*- *' (# *# )'% '&"# %&"%r* #$*)", %n =*( !r*#n"'"* # /!'"# 9* ,)*" /#In"#rn#"- &' *&*!"#' !&** )'% n '&"# +'"#r*' *n9!r+'"*# (# /r!"#*' /&'n"#&!r.

'7


58/94


Competena 17.5 S%/r'#=#'0, '/&*'r#' %n#* )=#+# "#=n!&!*# (# /r##n*r# *!+'"#r# ' !&*&!r * (,%n,"!r*&!r &' %&"%r' /&'n"#&!r.A"**"'"#' (# n,'r#8 )%/r'#=#r#' !/#r'**&!r (# "r'"'r# ' )#+*n#&!r* ' +'"#r*'&%&%* (# /&'n"'" % *n)#"!9%n**(#.

#I$A DE L&CR& N. 2

F*$#'0, /r*n*/' !/#r'*%n* (# "r'"'r# ' )#+*n#&!r &' "#' %&"%r* n'*n"# (# )#+,n'".

N%+# #%&%*8D'"'8

C%&"%r' P#r*!'(' (#"r'"'+#n"# &'),+n,

A#r#'/#)"**(%&%* (*n'"'&!

M'"#r*' '%$*&*'r#n##)'r#

RU

PORUMB

FLOAREASOARELUI

TOMATE

MAGRE

CASTRAVEI

D%r'"' &%r,r** ' 9* (# 5K +*n%"#- *'r &!%& (# (#)9,%r'r# n &'!r'"!r%& (# 9*"!"#=n*#.E** !r &%r' *n(**(%'& * !r 9* n!"'* (%/, #r*9*'r# (# ,"r# /r!9#)!r )'% +'*)"r%.

'8


59/94


Competena 17.5 S%/r'#=#r#' !/#r'**&!r (# !+'"#r# ' !&*&!r * (,%n,"!r*&!r &'/&'n"# (# %&"%r,.


TEMA8 Pr#/'r'r#' )!&%*#* (# 0#'+, !r(#, 1C&')' )# +/'r"# n 4 r%/# ' "# 5 #*L!%& (# (#)9,%r'r#8 9#r+' (*('"*, ' !&**N%+# #%&%*8M'"#r*' n##)'r#8 ,'", (*n /&')"*- )%&9'" (# %/r%- 'r /')",- %"!* (*n +n.C'n"*",* n##)'r#8 P#n"r% /r#/'r'r#' ' 1K &*"r* 0#'+, !r(#, 1 )%n" n##)'r# 1KK

)%&9'" (# %/r% *n# +,r%n*"- 2KK /')", (# 'r- 1K & '/,M!(%& (# &%r%8 'r%& )"*n) )# *n"r!(%# n ,'"' (# 1K & * )# "!'rn, 5 & '/,- )# '+#)"#, %/'", (*n +n * )# !*n# &'/"# (# 'r.>n"r%n ') +'* +* )# "!'rn, )%&9'"%& (# %/r% * )# (*0!&, % 5 & '/,.P#)"# &'/"# (# 'r )# "!'rn, )!&%*' (# )%&9'" (# %/r% * )# '+#)"#,!n"*n%%. C% ! =r"*# (# "%rn#)!& #r*9*,+ r#'*' )!&%*#* 'r# "r#%*# ),9*# n#%"r, * %&!'r#' '&')"r,.S# /!'"# '(,%' '(#0* %n '&% (# !%.Cn( )!&%*' n% )' n#%"r'&*0'" * r,+n# '*(, /!'"# ), 'r(, 9r%n0#.

'o+e9o/ 9a ma*9t/ *n9t,to#r*9*, * )%/r'#=#'0, !/#r'** 'r# )# 9' &'9*#'r# r%/, (# #* (# &' n#/%" /n, &' )9r*".

F*#'r# r%/, (# #* #$#%", !/#r'*' (# !*n#r# ' 0#+** !r(## 1 (%/, 'r#(#"#r+*n, n#%"r'&*"'"#' )!&%*#* % '%"!r%& =r"*#* (# "%rn#)!&.

S# /r#*0#'0, !n&%0** ')%/r' +!(%&%* %+ ' &%r'" 9*#'r# r%/, (%/, #r*9*'r#' (#,"r# /r!9#)!r. L' )9r*" )# ('% n!"# /#n"r% +!(%& (# #$#%*# ' &%r,r**- !r#"*"%(*n#'!/#r'**&!r- +!(%& (# +'n#r'r# ' +'"#r*'&!r- +!(%& (# n)%*r# ' n!r+#&!r (# /r!"#*# '+%n** /r*n /%r"'r#' #=*/'+#n"%&%* /r#%+ * 9#&%& %+ ' r,+') %r,#n*' &' &!%& (# #$#%*#

'& &%r,r**.

T*+/ (# &%r% 4K +*n%"#

',


60/94


Competena 17.6.C!n"r!'0, '/&*'r#' n!r+#&!r (# **#n, * /r##n*r# ' *n"!$*'**&!r */!&%,r** n &%r,r* 9*"!)'n*"'r#.

Con*nt/ V#r*9*, +!(%& (# /r#/'r'r# ' )!&%**&!r n'*n"# (# '/&*'r# * #=*/'+#n"%& (#/r!"#*# /# 'r# "r#%*# ),& /!'r"# #& 'r# #$#%", &%r'r#'.


L' /r#,"*r#' "r'"'+#n"%&%* /#n"r% )"r!/*" #$*)", %n r*) +'!r (# *n"!$*'*# n!/#r'*%n* # /r##( )'% n)!#) "r'"'+#n"%&- %+ 'r 9*8

V#r*9*'r#' (!0#&!r (', !r#)/%n( 'n"*",** (# )!&%*# )"'*&*", /#n"r%%n =#"'r. S# +'* #r*9*, * +!(%& %+ )%n" #"'n#*0'"# (%0# /# &'n#.

R#)/#"'r#' )!r"*+#n"%&%* (# /#)"**(- ' (!0#* /r#)r*)# * /#r*!'(#* (# '/&*'r#.N#r#)/#"'r#' (!0#* (%# &' r*)%r* '"" /#n"r% !n)%+'"!r " * /#n"r% %&"%r' # %r+#'0,.

E)"# !&*'"!r*# /%r"'r#' #=*/'+#n"%&%* (# /r!"#*# !+/%) (*n8 O=#&'r* (# /r!"#*#

= M,n%* (*n '%*%= '&'" * )'&!/#",= M'), (# '0#

= C*0+# (# /r!"#*#

6/


61/94

E)"# *n"#r0*) !n)%+%& (# '&*+#n"#- 9%+'"%& )'% !n"'"%& % !r*#,%"%r, n "*+/%& )"r!/*"%&%*.

P#n"r% *n"r!(%#r#' /#)"**(%&%* n r#0#r!r )# +'n*/%'0, % '"#n*# * )# '*",!n"*n%% % '/' (*n r#0#r!r. S# #r*9*, (', /r!(%)%& #)"# !+/'"**& % '/'

N**!('", r#)"%r* (*n 9&'!'n# n% )# )%r n 'n'&*0'r#' % '/, /!"'*&, )'% '&"#9!&!)*n#.&NITATEA DE C"'ETEN 17 'RTECIA 'LANTELR

Competena 17.6.C!n"r!'0, '/&*'r#' n!r+#&!r (# **#n, * /r##n*r# ' *n"!$*'**&!r *

/!&%,r** n &%r,r* 9*"!)'n*"'r#.

Con*nt/ I(#n"*9*'r#' r'(%&%* (# "!$**"'"# ' /r!(%)#&!r 9!&!)*"# n "r'"'r#' !&*&!r *(,%n,"!r*&!r.


P#)"**(# /r#0*n", 4 r'(# (# "!$**"'"#. D!0' "'&, ? D L5K @ #$/r*+, (!0' (#)%)"'n, '"*, 'r# !+!'r, 5K (*n (,%n,"!r*. >n 9%n*# (# '#')", (!0, /#)"**(#

%/r*n( 4 r'(# (# "!$**"'"# ')"9#&8

r%/' I /r!(%)# 9!'r"# "!$*#- '% /# '+'&' /!0' (*n (r#'/"'. D L)% 5K +H !r/E$#+/&% 8 Cr/"!(*n- P'r'"=*!n- D*%"!$

r%/' II /r!(%)# /%"#rn* "!$*# % D L n"r# 5K * 2KK +H !r/.E$#+/&% 8 Br#)"'n- Br!+%r, (# +#"*&.

r%/' III /r!(%)# +!(#r'" "!$*# % D L n"r# 2KK * 1KKK +H !r/

61


62/94

E$#+/&%8 D#"!$- L*n('"!$- S*n!r'"!$

r%/' IV /r!(%)# % "!$**"'"# r#(%), '% D L /#)"# 1KKK +H !r/E$#+/&% 8 D#*)- V*"#n!n.

E"*=#"# /%)# /# '+'&' n 9%n*# (# r'(%& (# "!$**"'"# '% %r+,"!'r# %&!r*8 R!% 9!'r"# "!$*

V#r(# "!$* A&')"r% +!(#r'" "!$* N#r% )&' "!$*



Con*nt/ I(#n"*9*'r#' r'(%&%* (# "!$**"'"# ' /r!(%)#&!r 9!&!)*"# n "r'"'r#'!&*&!r * (,%n,"!r*&!r.

#I$A DE L&CR& N. 1

>n )/'*%& (# +'* !)- '&,"%r'" 9*%r**- n!"'* r%/' (# "!$**"'"#- (!0' "'&, *"#' #$#+/ (# /#)"**(# (*n 9*#'r# r%/,8

62


63/94




#I$A DE L&CR& N. 2

N%+# #%&%*8D'"'8L!%& (#)9,%r,r**8 9#r+' (*('"*,

D%/, #$#%"'r#' "r'"'+#n"%&%* (# ,"r# ! #=*/, )/#*'&*0'",- #** "r#%*# ), "*# #+,)%r* )# !r &%' /#n"r% #*"'r#' *n"!$*,r*&!r * /#n"r% * /#n"r% "#r+*n'r#' '#)"!r

!/#r'*%n*. >n 9%n*# (# /!0# /r#0#n"'"# %r+,r** +!(%& (# #9#"%'r# ' !/#r'**&!r#9#"%'"#8

63


64/94




#I$A DE L&CR& N. 3

N%+# #%&%*8D'"'8

>n'*n"# (# /r#/'r'r# )!&%**&!r )# *'% +,)%r* (# /r!"#*#.Pr#*0'* +'* !)- n 9%n*# (# /!0' '&,"%r'",- # +,)%r* #* &%'8

64


65/94


Competena 17.6.C!n"r!'0, '/&*'r#' n!r+#&!r (# **#n, * /r##n*r# ' *n"!$*'**&!r */!&%,r** n &%r,r* 9*"!)'n*"'r#

Con*nt/ R#)/#"'r#' n!r+#&!r (# **#n, * /r!"#*# ' +#(*%&%* n !n9!r+*"'"# %*)&'*' n *!'r# &' '/&*'r#' &%r,r*&!r (# !+'"#r# ' !&*&!r * (,%n,"!r*&!r


I >n#r%** r,)/%n)%& !r#" n 'r*'n"# (# +'* !)8

1. r%/' III (# "!$**"'"# 'r# (!0' "'&,8'@ >n"r# 5K2KK +H !r/

@ >n"r# 2KK1KKK +H !r/@ P#)"# 1KKK +H !r/

6'


66/94

2. E"*=#"' r!*# /%) /# '+'&' '#r"*0#'0,8'@ "!$**"'"# )&',@ "!$**"'"# +!(#r'",@ 9!'r"# "!$*

3. >n "*+/%& "r'"'+#n"%&%* % /#)"**(# )# /r!#(#'0, ')"9#&8

'@ n% )# 9%+#'0,@ n% )# #' '/,@ )# #*", !n"'"%& % '&*+#n"# (# !r*# 9#&

II. P%n"'* % A (', '9*r+'*' #)"# '(#,r'", * % F< (', '9*r+'*' #)"# 9'&),8

1. N**!('", r#)"%r* (# /#)"**(# (*n 9&'!'n# n% )# )%r n 'n'&*0'r#.2. Cn( *n"r!(%#+ /#)"**(%& n r#0#r!r n% "r#%*# ), /%r",+ #=*/'+#n" (# /r!"#*#.3. A(+*n*)"r'r#' /#)"**(%&%* )# /!'"# 9'# /# !r*# r#+#- *n(*9#r#n" (# !r,.

4. >n '0 (# *n"!$*'** /r!#(,+ &' 'n%n'r#' )'&,r** )'% (#/&'),+ /#r)!'n' % !r*# +*&!.5. D%/, "#r+*n'r#' &%r%&%* )# )/'&, +*n* * 9'' % +%&", '/, * ),/%n- ('r n% *#=*/'+#n"%& (# /r!"#*#.6. Un%* *n"!$*'" n%I '(+*n*)"r,+ &'/"# )'% '&!!&7. D', *"*+' n% r#)/*r, )# 9'# r#)/*r'*# %r, &' %r,.

III. Pr#0#n"'* r#%&* (# /r!"#*' +%n** &' &%r,r* (# !+'"#r# ' !&*&!r )*(,%n,"!r*&!r &' /&'n"#

GL!AR DE TER"ENI

Ur+,"!'r#' &*)", (# "#r+#n* , ' 9* 9!&!)*"!'r# &' ')!&*r#' %n*",** (# !+/#"#n,N.,t.

Denm*e E:p/*,a**

1 M!n!9'*# M!( (# n%"r**# '0'" /# %n )*n%r "*/ (# =r'n,

2P!&*9' C'r# )# =r,n#"# '"" % )%)"'n# ##"'- " * %

)%)"'n# 'n*+'

3En(#+* C'r# "r,*#"# n%+'* /# %n 'n%+*" "#r*"!r*%- 'n( %n 'r#'&

r#)"rn)- 'r# #)"# )/#*9* %n%* "#r*"!r*%4 C'r'n"*n,

9*"!)'n*"'r,C!+/$ (# +,)%r* % 'r'"#r /r##n"* &%'"# /#n"r% ' )# !/r*/,"r%n(#r#' !&*&!r /&'n"#&!r- ' (,%n,"!r*&!r /&'n"#&!r )'% '

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V*r%n, >n)%*r#' %n!r +*r!* /'"!#n* (# ' /,"r%n(# * (# ' )# n+%&*

n #)%"%r* ** ' %n%* !r'n*)+- r#0*)"n( &' r#'** (#'/,r'r# ' '#)"%*'

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12P#)"**( S%)"'n, =*+*, ?9!'r"#@ "!$*,- 9!&!)*", n 'r*%&"%r,

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1 G#'+, !r(#, S!&%*# (# C%SO4?)%&9'" (# %/r%@1 S!&%*# n#%"r, E)"# '#' )!&%*# 'r# 'r# r#'*' n"r# 5-5 62K S!&%*# '*(, E)"# '#' )!&%*# 'r# 'r# r#'*' +'* +*, (# 521 S!&%*# '&'&*n, E)"# '#' )!&%*# 'r# 'r# r#'*' +'* +'r# (# 6-5

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32A#n" /'"!#n U /'r'0*" 'r# "r,*#"# * )# n+%"# /# )#'+' /&'n"#&!r

#r0*- (%n( &' +!&n,*r#' '#)"!r'

((( Not- (', ,)** * '&* "#r+#n* 'r# n% )%n" *n&%*- '(,%'** &')9r*"%& '#)"#* &*)"#

68


69/94

IN-"!(A)II P&N!$ P!"-&0"!I

*u(etii cu ri9ire la roceul 8i %eto,ele ,e re,are / &9)are

4ntreg de&ersul didactic depus de profesori i &aitri instructori n procesul de predare)n*$#are, trebuie s$ fie focali'at pe for&area co&peten#elor c%eie i a co&peten#elor te%nicegenerale i speciali'ate cerute de calificarea Teh&icia& & a(ricultur). Acest de'iderat se poatereali'a nu&ai printr)o proiectare riguroas$ a acti*it$#ii didactice, prin &binarea &etodelor i&i5loacelor de n*$#$&nt adec*ate for&$rii co&peten#elor ur&$rite, prin folosirea celor &aiadec*ate &etode, n care acti9itatea ete ce&trat) e ele9.

4n planul de n*$#$&nt pentru caliicarea Teh&icia& & a(ricultur) 6 ,o%e&iulA(ricultur)= aufost alocate un nu&$r de 67 ore8an din care, pentru preg$tire practic$ 9: ore8an i9: ore pentru laborator te%nologic.

;rele de instruire practic$ se *or desf$ura sub ndru&area &aistrului instructor sau aprofesorului de specialitate te%nic$, n func#ie de ncadrarea cu personal de specialitate a fiec$rei

unit$#i colare.Nu&$rul de ore alocat pe te&e este orientati*, r$&nnd la latitudinea profesorului s$

reparti'e'e orele n func#ie deai tr'iu, frun'ele se colorea'$, ipierd rigiditatea i cad. ulbii plantelor bolna*e sunt&oi, putre'esc n procent ridicat peste iarn$ incol#esc &ai de*re&e dect cei s$n$toi.

@"ITATEA E OMPETE"$# 17' PROTE$IA PLA"TELOR

o%ete&a 17.2 Identific$ principalele boli la plantele %orticole

Becunoaterea principalelor boli la po&ii fructiferi

Acti*itatea de n*$#are< Becunoate principalele boli ale *i#ei de *ie.

#I$A DE L&CR& N. 2

*oluieEle9' ....................................................

e!criei !imptomele a"entului pato"en care produce putre"aiul cenuiu al!tru"urelui# orient$ndu%v& dup& poza al&turat&.

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*i%to%e'

Atacul cel &ai cunoscut de *iticultori apare toa&na, pieli#a este brunificat$, se desprinde uor de

pulp$ i ntreaga boab$ putre'it$ se acoper$ cu un praf cenuiu. oala se r$spndete cu

rapiditate, cuprin'nd ntregul ciorc%ine ce putre'ete n totalitate. Dac$ inter*ine o perioad$

secetoas$, ciorc%inii se usuc$, iar boabele pe care se de'*olt$ i alte ciuperci saprofite se

&u&ifia'$.

4n ur&a *inific$rii strugurilor ataca#i se ob#in *inuri cu o cantitate necorespun'$toare de alcool,

supuse &boln$*irilor.

4n unele regiuni din (ran#a ciuperca produce aa)nu&itul 3&ucegai &obil, care sporete

concentra#ia de 'a%$r a #esuturilor, care duce la ob#inerea *inurilor licoroase, tari, de o deosebit$

calitate, dar poate i sc$dea produc#ia cu :H .

77


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o%ete&a 17.2 Identific$ principalele boli la plantele %orticoleBecunoaterea principalelor boli la po&ii fructiferi

#I$A DE A&TEVAL&ARE N. 1?olutie

e&a< Becunoate#i principalele boli la po&ii fructiferi.@le*< JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ..

4n sc%e&a de &ai 5os efectua#i coresponden#a ntre agentul patogen care produce boala iorganele atacate, prin s$ge#i.

>;NI2I;EAAACF

(FINAB@AAACF

AB?BA AC@BIANFAACF

78


Nu&ai frun'ele

Nu&ai l$starii tineri

(uctele

(run'ele

(run'ele, florile i l$starii tineri


(lorile

(run'ele


79/94


o%ete&a 17.3' Becunoaterea principalilor d$un$tori la plantele de c&p

EERI$I@L "R. 1

#I$ DE L&CR& N. 1*oluie

Recu&oa8terea ,)u&)torilor (rului

Te%a' ultura (ruluiEle9' BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB.eri&e'

=. Indica#i prin s$ge#i principalii d$un$tori ai grului+:. Co&pleta#i pentru fiecare d$un$tor &odul de atac.


7,


80/94

o%ete&a 17.3' Becunoaterea principalilor d$un$tori la plantele de c&p -planteoleaginoase/

#I$ DE L&CR& N. 2

*oluie

Recu&oa8terea ri&cialilor ,)u&)tori la (rua ,e la&te olea(i&oae

Pri*i#i cu aten#ie i&aginile de &ai 5os i stabili#i, prin s$ge#i, coresponden#a dintre coloana Ai coloana , n scopul identific$rii d$un$torilor la plantele oleaginoaseMo,ulul/,icili&a' Protec#ia plantelorTiul acti9it)ii' Instruire practic$Locul ,e ,e)8urare' (er&a didactic$ 3NoaptePerioa,a'Te%a' Becunoaterea d$un$torilor plantelor fura5ere

*arci&i ,e lucru'Identific$ cultura fura5er$+Becunoate d$un$torii -stadiu< adult, lar*$/+Identific$ &odul de atac,?tabilete densitatea de atac 8 &9.

Materiale &eceare' lup$, rulet$, atlase 'oologice, insectare.

!&re(itrarea 8i i&terretarea ,atelor

ultura )u&)toruli,e&tiicat A,ult / lar9) Mo, ,e atac

L@ER"#

Gndacul rou

al lucernei

Adult (run'e roase pe &argini+ li&bul

consu&at n ntregi&euburu'alucernei

Adult i lar*$ @pider&a inferioar$ i parenc%inulfrun'ei roase+ tulpina i florileatacate

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G$rg$ri#alucernei Adult

rfurile de cretere atacate+frun'ele consu&ate n totalitate+&ugurii *egetati*i i florali t$ia#ide lar*e

TRI


83/94


o%ete&a 17.3' Becunoaterea principalilor d$un$tori la plantele de c&p

EDerciiul &r.

#I$ DE ?!ERVAIE N. 2*oluie

Recu&oa8terea ri&cialilor ,)u&)tori la (rua ,e la&te r),)ci&oae 8i tu+erculiereEle9ul' .................................................laa' a KIII)a ?A>Mo,ulul/,icili&a' Protec#ia plantelorTiul acti9it)ii' Instruire practic$Locul ,e ,e)8urare' (er&a didactic$ 3NoaptePerioa,a'Te%a' Becunoaterea principalilor d$un$tori la sfecl$ i cartof*arci&i ,e lucru'

Identific$ cultura+Becunoate principalii d$un$tori+Identific$ &odul de atac,?tabilete intensitatea atacului.

Materiale &eceare' lup$, rulet$, insectare, atlase ento&ologice -'oologice/

!&re(itrarea 8i i&terretarea ,atelor

ultura )u&)toruli,e&tiicat

*ta,iu ,e,e9oltare,)u&)tor

Mo, ,e atac

*


84/94

TE!T DE EVAL&AREN. 1

*oluie

Recu&oa8te ri&cialii ,)u&)tori la la&tele ,e c%

I. !&cercuii litera coreu&)toare r)u&ului corect'

0 ! a+ 9 ! d+ = ! d+ : ! b+ L ! c.Pentru fiecare r$spuns corect se acord$ L puncte.

II.1. !&cercuii litera A= ,ac) e&u&ul ete adev&rat8i litera


85/94

$r+/)

r9o)*e

#I$ DE L&CR& N. 1

*oluie

8'


86/94

@"ITATEA E OMPETE"$# 17. PROTE$IA PLA"TELOR

o%ete&a 17.4. Becunoate principalii d$un$tori la plantele %orticole culti*ate

#I$ DE L&CR& N. 2

*oluiePri*i#i cu aten#ie i&aginile de &ai 5os i indica#i prin s$ge#i coresponden#a dintre d$un$torul

identificat i &odul lui de atacorco*P$trun5elP$strnac

Ploni#a *$rgat$ adult Atac$ se&in#ele u&beliferlor producndit$*irea lor

Ploni#au&beliferelor adult

4n#eap$ i sug n special se&in#ele, cndacestea sunt *er'i sau aproape de copt. Dincau'a n#ep$turilor i sugerii lor, se&in#ele seit$*esc, de*enind seci.

Ceap$

sturoi

ier&ele cepei iusturoiului adult

Ceapa tn$r$ din arpagic crete defor&at$dac$ este atacat$, iar cea din s$&n#$poart$ *ier&ii n ea dac$ pro*ine din arpagicatacat, putnd trece c%iar n s$&n#$.Plantele tn5esc n de'*oltare i r$&npipernicite, iar bulbii putre'esc, pier'ndu)i*aloarea co&ercial$.

G$rg$ri#a cepei adult

Pagubele cele &ai &ari le produc lar*ele,atacul adul#ilor trecnd adesea neobser*at.Din cau'a atacului, frun'ele de ceap$ de*ini&proprii pentru consu& n stare *erde,*rfurile se usuc$, iar suprafa#a de asi&ilarese &icorea'$.

88

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