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Project Report: Local Agenda 21 Kampala Better waste management for better lives

Shahana Dastidar Adriana Cerdena

Anesa Terza

Development Planning Unit University College London

March 09, 2007

Executive summary Makindye Division is one of the poorest Divisions of Kampala with serious difficulties in service delivery including solid waste management. People are not being made aware of the health hazards that they face daily. Moreover, they are not aware of the importance of improving environmental conditions to better their lives. Local Agenda 21 Kampala will be carried out under the Local Agenda 21 programme of UN-HABITAT, the United Nations agency for human settlements, mandated by the UN General Assembly to promote socially and environmentally sustainable towns and cities with the goal of providing adequate shelter for all. Solid waste management is an essential component of environmental infrastructure in human settlements. For health reasons, solid waste in tropical regions should be processed daily due to the quick rate of decomposition. The Kampala City Council (KCC) spends an estimated US $3.4 million per year to process only 40% of the 900 odd tonnes generated every day (Mugagga, 2006). Uncollected waste accumulates in streets, is improperly burned or illegally dumped. This has serious repercussions for the citizens of Kampala. The citizens that will be most affected by this project are the poorest of local communities. The majority of the waste sorters, the people that collect the waste from streets and dumps and do primary sorting of the materials, are women and children. The working environment for this group of people is the worst and most dangerous with respect to the violation of Human Rights, and it is the obligation of the state to provide minimum working standards for these people.

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Contents

Executive summary ………………………………………………………........….................1

Part 1. Project Background and Description (Shahana Dastidar) …………........………...3 i. Brief description of Organization ii. Funding source iii. Nature of Problem and Statement of Project Purpose iv. Project Outputs v. Description of Institutional Context vi. Main external factors necessary for project purposes to

contribute to development priorities Part 2. Implementation, Monitoring and Evaluation (Adriana Cerdena)........................……5

i. Main Project Activities and Indicators to Monitor Project Progress ii. Staffing Required iii. Project Budget iv. Main External Factors Necessary to Achieve Project Purpose v. Monitoring Arrangements vi. Key Opportunities/ Resources used Implementing the Project vii. Key Problems or Constraints Expected During Implementation

Part 3. Project Impact (Anesa Terza).………………………………………..............……..7

i. Stakeholder analysis ii. Indicators needed to measure whether purpose has been achieved iii. Cost and benefit of the primary stakeholders iv. Cost and Benefit of the secondary stakeholders v. Time horizon

References ………………………………………………………….........……...............…10

Appendices

Appendix 1. Logical Framework ……………………………………….............….…11 Appendix 2. Budget…………………………………………………….........….....….20 Appendix 3. Gantt Chart …………………………………………….........…....…….25

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Part 1: Project Background and Description i. Brief description of Organization This project will be carried out under the Local Agenda 21 (LA21) programme of UN-HABITAT, the United Nations agency for human settlements, mandated by the UN General Assembly to promote socially and environmentally sustainable towns and cities with the goal of providing adequate shelter for all (UN-2, 2006). ii. Funding source The management of solid waste in Kampala is an environmental issue, part of the Habitat Agenda and currently requires the incorporation of participatory processes into its municipal planning to increase efficiency. It meets all the criteria for LA21 and will be funded by UN-HABITAT as the Local Agenda 21 Kampala project. Most of the UN-HABITAT budget comes as contributions from multilateral/ bilateral partners, governments/ local authorities, charitable foundations and about 5 percent from the regular UN budget (UN-1, 2006). iii. Nature of Problem and statement of Project Purpose Solid waste management is an essential component of environmental infrastructure in human settlements. For health reasons, solid waste in tropical regions should be processed daily due to the quick rate of decomposition. However, of the thousands of tons generated daily in African cities, very little is collected and processed. The failure lies in poor management, fiscal irresponsibility, and inadequate municipal budgets. The Kampala City Council (KCC) spends an estimated US $3.4 million per year to process only 40% of the 900 odd tonnes generated every day (Mugagga, 2006). Uncollected waste accumulates in streets, is improperly burned or illegally dumped. This has serious repercussions for the citizens of Kampala. Solid waste that is not managed properly • contaminates ground water leading to epidemics (cholera, dysentery, typhoid, hepatitis etc.) • provides breeding ground for disease vectors (rats, flies, mosquitoes etc.) • is improperly burnt causing respiratory diseases • pollutes wetlands, water bodies and the environment in general (affecting livelihoods) • adversely impacts mental wellbeing/ quality of life when it decomposes near human settlements Not only are the poor affected more severely, children are the most vulnerable. Additionally, many MSW processes are carried out by the poor who face disease, injury and poisoning from contact with waste. Informal waste-sorters (scavengers) are not recognised by law in Kampala and are persecuted by the authorities (Mugagga, 2006). So the long term development objective that this project will contribute to is the reduced generation and environmental impact of municipal solid waste (MSW) in Kampala, and that the socio-economic development of the city, the health of its people and the quality of its environmental resources are no longer adversely affected by inefficient waste management. Accordingly, the project has two purposes. The first purpose is to initiate the development of an Integrated Solid Waste Management system (ISWM) for Kampala with a human rights-based approach. The ISWM is necessary because all the current projects of infrastructure, service delivery, local government development and private sector involvement work in isolation. Also, the present system does not incorporate the 3Rs (Reduction, Recycling, Reuse) necessary for the process to become environmentally sustainable. The second purpose is to run a pilot project for capacity building and awareness through participatory processes in Makindye Division of Kampala leading to a better MSW management system that can be replicated for the rest of Kampala as part of the ISWM. It is necessary for the project to replicate because the other divisions (Rubaga, Kawempe, Central and Nakawa) use the same landfill (Kiteezi) and, therefore, need to function in a similar fashion so as to maximise benefit from reduction and recycling. iv. Project Outputs The Project outputs will be generated at two levels, the city level for Kampala and the division level for Makindye in Kampala. • The development of an ISWM system for Kampala will be initiated based on human rights conventions and environmental

sustainability.

• Local CBOs, Women’s groups and NGOs will, through participatory seminars, have better capacity, expertise and networking to get involved in the nascent recycling business/ industry in Kampala.

• Safety gear will be made compulsory for all personnel dealing with MSW and a fund for purchasing safety gear will be set up. Gear will be distributed through the KCC.

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• Kiteezi Landfill will have separated fenced off areas to store the components of MSW separated at source for convenient recycling and disposal.

• Waste-sorters at the landfill will, through participatory seminars, improve their capacity to deal with their occupational

health/ safety hazards. The seminars will also network them with NGOs who will help them fight for their rights and with recycling activities.

• The use of primary storage containers (with lids) for storing separated solid waste will have been made compulsory in

Makindye and a fund will be set up with the KCC to provide a subsidy for households who cannot afford to purchase them.

• There will be increased awareness in Makindye through a campaign conducted in the popular media, in schools, on streets etc. about the health issues of MSW, the importance of MSW separation at source and the compulsory use of storage containers (with details of subsidy)

• All stake-holders in Makindye especially women, children and domestic help will, through participatory seminars at Parish level, have a better understanding of the health issues of MSW, the importance of non-dumping and MSW separation at source. They will be better informed and equipped to purchase (through subsidy if necessary) primary storage containers as well as use existing collection systems better.

• Local CBOs, Women’s groups and NGOs will have substantially increased the number of community based organizations that collect and transport waste in low-income areas of Makindye through participatory capacity building seminars and networking with existing organizations doing the same in Kampala.

• At the end of the project, an Evaluation report will analyse/ make recommendations for the Makindye project model for its incorporation into the ISWM and its replication in the other divisions.

• The shores of Lake Victoria along Makindye division (Buziga, Ggaba parishes) will be cleared of dumped garbage that will improve the local environment, raise morale and create a positive image for the project for all stakeholders.

v. Description of Institutional Context This project will work towards capacity building and awareness for all stakeholders under the Local Agenda 21 (LA21) framework. LA21 was started in 1995 in response to the Earth Summit (Rio, 1992) and offers multi-year support to local authorities and partners to contribute to Agenda 21 and the Habitat Agenda. It facilitates participatory processes to develop/ implement environmental action plans focusing on context-specific municipal planning. It is believed that implementation of these action plans will bring tangible improvements for the urban poor, contribute to sustainable urban development, the Millennium Development Goals and UN-HABITAT’s Global Campaign on Urban Governance (UN-1, 2006). In Kampala, UN-HABITAT will work with the Kampala City Council (KCC) for solid waste management and NEMA (National Environment Management Authority of Uganda) for environment monitoring. Waste management is administered by the KCC under the Solid Waste Management Ordinance (2000) which enables private sector participation and describes the responsibilities of all local stakeholders. Enforcement of the ordinance is weak because communities are not adequately sensitized and educated about its existence and implementation. (Mugagga, 2006) MSW management in Kampala is partially privatised (under the SWM Ordinance, 2000) so the project will involve HOMEKLIN Private Limited (waste collection) and DOT Services Limited (landfill management). Currently, each area in Makindye has one service provider, expected to collect and transport waste to Kiteezi landfill. In the Central Collection Centre (CCC) system, the KCC provides containers and bears all costs. In the House to House (HtH) system, residents register with the KCC/ private contactor and pay monthly user fees. CCC and HtH systems, respectively, cover 70% and 30% of areas receiving SWM services (Mugagga, 2006). UN-HABITAT will also work with community organizations like NASOMA (Nabisalu Solid Waste Management Association), KIFCOA (Kibuye Female Concern Association) involved in waste collection for poorer areas, and with local NGOs like UCODEA (Urban Community in Development Association) for recycling and HURICO (Human Rights Concern) for capacity-building of informal waste-sorters. vi. Main external factors necessary for project purposes to contribute to development priorities The most important factor is that all stakeholders realise the importance of the ISWM and MSW management. As far as governance is concerned, corruption and nepotism need to be minimized. Stake-holders have to be motivated and actively participate in all capacity-building, awareness and networking activities. For the project to contribute to the development goal, it is important that stakeholders cooperate and give importance to environmental standards and human rights conventions.

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Part 2: Implementation, Monitoring and Evaluation i. Main Project Activities1 and Indicators to Monitor Project Progress Participatory Multi-stakeholder Seminars • Regular participatory multi-stakeholder seminars for developing an ISWM system to be translated into Local Policy and

Legislation for the whole of Kampala. • Indicator: All stakeholders attend and participate in the 9 three day seminars held during the two years of the project. Fund for Primary Storage Containers • As a one time activity, a Fund of US$ 10,000.00 will be created to subsidize primary storage containers for the poor and low

income areas. The fund will administered by the KCC, the containers will be sold through Private Firms for the medium and high income areas, and through CBOs for low income areas

• Indicator: All citizens of Makindye are able to procure storage containers from the KCC or private agencies, through purchase or subsidy by the end of March 2007.

Awareness Campaign • An awareness campaign for garbage separation at source, purchase and use of subsidised storage containers will take place

during three months at the beginning of each year of the project. This campaign will be designed by media professionals and carried out with direct participation from KCC, CBO’s and NGOs. It will consist of advertisements in the media, information material delivered door-to-door, at educational institutions and other establishments and associations.

• Indicator: Improved awareness among Makindye citizens for separating waste at source, avoiding unauthorized waste dumping and procuring and using primary storage containers for waste.

Capacity-building Participatory Seminars • For the separation of waste at source, to educate about the importance of non-dumping and use of collection agencies,

spread the use of house to house collection and from collection points and to publicize the purchase of subsidised storage containers, will take place in the 21 parishes of the Makindye division with the participation of all the stakeholders.

• Indicator: Improved awareness/capacity among Makindye citizens for separating waste at source, avoiding unauthorized waste dumping and procuring/using primary storage containers for waste.

Informal Capacity-Building Meetings for Children and Women • Twelve informal capacity-building meetings per year, directed to children and women, the main objective of these meetings

are the separation of waste at source using storage containers, and to emphasise the health and economic reasons for separation. These meetings will take place for one month each year, and each meeting is expected to have participation of about 100 women and children.

• Indicator: Improved awareness/capacity among Makindye citizens for separating waste at source, avoiding unauthorized waste dumping and procuring and using primary storage containers for waste.

Informal Capacity Building Meetings for Domestic Help • Six informal capacity building meetings for a total of six hundred domestic help workers for separation of waste at source,

using storage containers, and emphasizing the health and economic reasons for separation. • Indicator: Improved awareness/capacity among Makindye citizens for separating waste at source, avoiding unauthorized

waste dumping and procuring and using primary storage containers for waste. Seminar for Capacity Building and Networking to discuss waste collection in Low-Income areas • A total of seven participatory seminars will be conducted with the participation of local CBOs, Women’s groups and

NGOS, to discuss waste collection in low-income areas. During the first year, the meeting will take place every two months, and during the second year, every fifth month.

• Indicator: Stronger networks and increase in civil-society activities related to waste collection in low income areas.

Seminar for Capacity-Building and Networking to Discuss Recycling and business opportunities • Three participatory Seminars for Capacity-Building and Networking with local CBOs, Women’s groups and NGOs to

discuss Recycling and business opportunities in Kampala. This activity involves the participation of people from all of Kampala.

1 The core of the project is based on activities of seminars and meetings. This is based in the fact that “public meetings can assist in raising general awareness about waste and environmental health and to familiarize the public with the expectations for their participation” (Muller, M., and Hoffman, L. (2001, p.24)

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• Indicator: Stronger networks and increase in civil-society activities related to waste collection, recycling and income generation in Kampala.

Fund for safety gear kits • The safety gear kits for 300 people acquired using the fund will be provided twice a year for the personnel at Kiteezi landfill,

the KCC Division and the private sector collection companies. The project assistant will be entrusted with this activity with the help of local coordinators from Makindye Division.

• Indicator: All staff and workers handling MSW (including informal staff) start using safety gear during work hours, as well as follow instructions about safety and health.

Capacity Building Meeting • Three participatory capacity building meetings for a total of three hundred waste sorters (primarily from the Batooro tribe)

with the participation of NGO’s, to raise awareness about health and safety gear and with advocacy support from HURICO, towards legalising waste sorters’ activities so they can receive minimum wages and health benefits. This activity will be done with KCC and UCODEA participation.

• Indicator: Improved awareness/capacity, after each meeting, among waste sorters, about health issues, human rights and better working conditions.

Fund for Kiteezi Landfill • Creation of a fund for the separation of areas at Kiteezi Landfill using fences for three categories of waste: (a) inorganic

(recycling); (b) organic (recycling-composting); (c) organic (decomposition/incineration) • Indicator: Separation of different kinds of waste dumped at Kiteezi Landfill, increase in the amount of waste recycled,

decrease in health risks for waste sorters at the landfill, and cheaper running costs at landfill. Evaluation • Evaluation of the Pilot Project in Makindye after implementation of LA21 Programme for replication in other divisions of

Kampala. • Indicator: Efficiency of MSW system in Makindye is analysed and assessed for incorporation into ISWM system of

Kampala Clean up Campaign of Lake Victoria shores in Buziga and Ggaba parishes of Makindye division • This clean up will consist of the removal of the garbage dumped on the Makindye Division shores of lake Victoria, as

publicity for the project, to create immediate visual impact and hence raise awareness/morale of the community. The campaign will be done during two periods in the first year, and will happen alongside the regular participatory multi-stakeholder seminars.

• Indicator: The local environment around the Lake Victoria shores of Makindye Division shows significant improvement, and visual impact and good publicity is generated for the ISWM process and the new MSW system.

ii. Staffing Required The project requires of one full time Project Coordinator during the two year period. For the different seminars, meetings and implementation of the Funds, local coordinators, local UN Staff, UN Facilitators and venue staff will be required as specified by the budget and the LFA. The local coordinators are staff from KCC, UCODEA, and other NGOs and CBOs. Volunteers will be required for the clean up of Lake Victoria shores of Makindye division. In the cases where a consultant is required, the professionals will belong to Makarere University. iii. Project Budget The total budget2 of the project is 389,612.50 US$, of which almost 77% has been allocated to operating expenses. About 14% of operating expenses will be received in-kind. iv. Main External Factors Necessary for Outputs to Achieve the Project Purpose

• All stakeholders participate in the activities. • Human Rights conventions and non-discriminatory approach is followed for all activities. • Nepotism/corruption does not derail any of the activities. • Clear responsibilities and duties for the various projects are accepted by all involved parties and carried out.

2 See Appendix 2: Detailed Budget

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v. Monitoring Arrangements All activities are monitored with the use of the budget. The seminars and meetings will also be monitored with stakeholders’ feedback and reports by local UN Staff, Local Coordinators and UN Facilitators, in accordance with their participation. All Funds will also be monitored by reports appropriately, adding an inventory and a Safety Manual for the Safety Gear Fund; and an advertisement campaign report (from Media Professionals) and an independent evaluation report for the Awareness Campaign. Additionally the Clean-up Campaign will be monitored by feedback/survey from the local community and a Media Professionals report. vi. Key Opportunities/ Resources used in implementing the Project

• World Bank has invested money.3 • The landfill4 already exists. • Private companies are already involved in the collection of garbage5. • There are established CBOs, NGOs and Women’s Groups involved in SWM.

vii. Key Problems or Constraints Expected During Implementation

• Apathy from stakeholders towards the project.6 • Lack of education in health and environmental issues7. • Economic situation of the poorest sectors8. • Human rights are not developed and the conventions not respected.

Part 3: Project Impacts

i. Stakeholder analysis Makindye Division is one of the poorest Divisions of Kampala with serious difficulties in service delivery including solid waste management. People are not being made aware of the health hazards that they face daily. Moreover, they are not aware of the importance of improving environmental conditions to better their lives. The main goal of this project is capacity building and awareness in Kampala for the improvement of solid waste management. The Local Agenda 21 programme supports a multi-stakeholder participatory approach with the involvement of large groups of local communities, governmental institutions, private companies and Non-governmental organizations9. In the capacity building of local community, the urban poor are targeted as a group for more sustainable urban development. We have divided the stakeholders into primary and secondary stakeholders. Primary stakeholders are those directly affected by the project, of much importance but not always influential. Primary stakeholders depend on the secondary stakeholders. Secondary stakeholders are those engaged in the delivery of the project, they have a lot of importance as well, and by their position. a large influence on the project (Potts 2002). Primary stakeholders The stakeholders that will be most affected by this project are the poorest in local communities. To be more precise, the waste pickers are the group most directly affected by bad waste management. These workers in the poor communities are usually

3 The World Bank has been procuring aid to local and national development programs in an aim to help towards development and poverty alleviation. Aid has been delivered directly and indirectly to for problems regarding waste management (World Bank, (2006) “Findings: Good Practice Infobrief” Africa Region. No. 126. 4 ‘The Kiteezi Landfill is the only landfill in Kampala’ (Mugagga, Frank, 2006, Page 33) 5 Private companies (Homeklin Limited, Dot Services Limited), CBOs (such us UCODEA) and NGOs, involved in waste management, are already in existence. (Mugagga, Frank, 2006) 6 This apathy would be demonstrated in the lack of participation in the different activities of the project. 7 This could present a problem because it would increase the difficulty of getting people involved in the project. 8 The priorities of the very poor do not necessarily include environment and heath matters. 9 According to the Agenda 21 programme, they have designated nine sectors of society, as the groups needed for the development and implementation of policies for sustainable development. “The nine major groups that work closely with CSD are: (i) business and industry, (ii) children and youth, (iii) farmers, (iv) indigenous people, (v) local authorities, (vi) NGOs, (vii) scientific and technological community, (viii) women, and (ix) workers and trade unions”

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unregulated and unregistered. Their activities are often driven by poverty in the struggle for survival and important for solid waste management because they sort and resell waste, and also in some areas, are included in recycling solid waste. Furthermore, the majority of the waste pickers and sorters, the ones that collect waste from streets and dumps and do primary sorting of the materials, are women and children. This kind of work is convenient for them since it can be handled in their homes or back garden. The working environment for this group of people is the worst and most dangerous with respect to Human Rights violations, and it is an obligation of the state to provide minimum working standards to these people. The main problems faced by citizens in daily life due to bad solid waste management are:

• Health risks from bad solid waste management • Occupational risks for people handling waste • Polluted environments affect livelihoods • Living in unhealthy/ unpleasant conditions affects mental well-being • Communities are not adequately educated about environmental laws

Community representatives have a direct interest in waste management whether they are residents, tax payers and service users. The important aspect of communities is that they have the power of organizing themselves into Community Based Organizations (CBOs) (Mugagga, 2006) with a direct interest in improving the waste situation in neighbourhoods and their living conditions. Moreover, they also have a role in the provision of services, including maintenance and construction of facilities. An important role of the CBOs for our project is in the participatory process, specifically their capabilities in organizing a large population to participate in capacity building and awareness seminars. Also, these communities can be organized according to gender, age, and religious categories (Mugagga, 2006). The same importance is given to NGOs in Kampala that have a major role as intermediaries between CBOs and Municipal Governments. Also, they are already involved in awareness raising, advocacy, and decision making. They can provide advice and support to CBOs, and more importantly to marginalized groups such as waste sorters. Secondary stakeholders In earlier years the government of Uganda took a major effort towards the establishment of a framework and rationalization of the management of solid waste. This was a part of the overall development strategy aimed at the changing the role of the government with respect to creating an enabling environment for action that addressed serious concerns about waste management. The National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) was established in 1995 and represents a body responsible for the management of environmental issues. It empowers guidelines and sets measures and standards for the management of natural resources and environmental issues. Committees are created on the local level of government for the enabling of citizen participation in environmental decision making. An important aspect is that it provides mechanisms for establishment of environmental standards. Kampala City Council provides, as part of its responsibilities, control, storage, collection, treatment, processing and disposal of solid waste. It provides an establishment of solid waste disposal for the majority of generated waste in the city. Until now only 40% of the solid waste was being collected in Kampala. The remaining 60% of solid waste is being collected irregularly or not at all. According to this estimate, collection of solid waste is clearly not adequate (Mugagga, 2006). This has further influence on the living conditions of the Kampala population. As mentioned before, part of MSW management is privatized, and involvement of the private sector (formal & informal) has led to improvements in the management of domestic solid waste. Still, most urban poor areas are still not sufficiently covered by organized waste collection. Moreover, both private service providers and KCC have not done much regarding raising awareness about the benefits of sorting and separating waste. Although, the collection of waste is being improved with the involvement of private sector, there is still around 60% left uncollected. UNHABITAT as an UN agency caring out the project Local Agenda 21 Kampala. This agency has the main role in the project by providing human and financial resources, organizing capacity building meetings and seminars. It will coordinate activates of all stakeholders and is responsible for providing monitoring and evaluation reports of the project progress. ii. Indicators needed to measure whether the purpose has been achieved The Project purpose will be measured through these indicators:

1. Kampala City Council (KCC) accepts ISWM as official policy for managing MSW

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2. 90% of MSW in Makindye is separated at source and processed according to safety standards and human rights conventions that are part of the ISWM.

3. Qualitative improvement in living conditions and the environment in Makindye for all citizens

4. Pilot Project for Makindye generates results to feedback into Project cycle for other Divisions of Kampala

iii. Cost and benefits for primary stakeholders Cost of primary stakeholders is put at the minimum. Since most of the meeting are organized in their neighbourhoods only cost that they will have is time and possible transport to seminars. Effective capacity building training would raise awareness in the Makindye community and among waste sorters that would improve health by preventing the major diseases affecting poor populations. This issue leads to the other related problems of health hazards that have direct economic impacts on the occupation of citizens. Women and children are identified as the majority group among waste sorters. Especially, it will benefit the equity of people in favour of citizens less able to protect themselves. Inappropriate treatment of solid waste causes pollution, epidemic, and disease vectors that have direct effects in terms of livelihoods. Improving health conditions would reduce the cost of medical expenditure. Furthermore, health problems affect negatively the capacity to work, and this has a direct effect on employment opportunities and lost wages. iv. Costs and benefits for secondary stakeholders Most of the expanses for the project are coming from the secondary stakeholders. As for the UNHABITAT it will provide human and all the financial resources needed for the project. Local government institution will also provide human resources and facilities where seminars are going to be held. With the capacity building and raising awareness activities, secondary stakeholders will have benefits too. Increasing the efficiency of infrastructure will reduce capital expenditure on waste management. Proper management of separation and recycling will reduce expenditure on prevention of soil and water pollution. Rising awareness of the importance of the proper collection and recycling of solid waste will increase the percentage of the waste currently collected. If waste is properly separated and collected, recycling infrastructure will be more effective. Apart from achieving a cleaner environment, effective recycling can be a way for employment creation, income generation and poverty alleviation. v. Time horizon The initial plan for the project to be implemented is two years. Most of the activities in this period are seminars and meetings with the primary stakeholders. Seminars are going to be organized in all parishes of the Makindye division with the aim to include as much as possible participants. Among others, there will be one time activities such as the clean up of Lake Victoria shore in Makindye that will be conducted at the same time as participatory seminars.

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References

Batley, R., 1996, “Public-private Relationships and Performance in Service Provision”, Urban Studies, Vol. 33, Nos. 4-5, pp. 723-751 Mugagga, Frank, 2006, “The Public –Private Sector Approach to Municipal Solid Waste Management. How does it Work in Makindye Division, Kampala District, Uganda?”, Academic Thesis, Department of Geography, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway (Muller, M., and Hoffman, L. (2001). “Community Partnerships in Integrated Sustainable Waste Management: Tools for Decision Makers: Experiences from the Urban Waste Expertise Programme (1995-2001)”, Gouda, Netherlands. p.24 in http://www.waste.nl/content/download/570/4433/file/tools_compart_eng%20ebook.pdf Potts, D, 2002, “Project Identification and Formulation”, Project Planning and Analysis for Development, Lynne Rienner Publishers, Boulder. SARD AND FAO, 2007, Earth Summit and Local Agenda 21 accessed March 08, 2007 http://www.fao.org/sard/en/sard/2070/2071/index.html UN-1, 2006, “Localising Agenda 21”, UN-HABITAT organization website, accessed March 07, 2007, http://www.unhabitat.org/content.asp?cid=2889&catid=370&typeid=24&subMenuId=0 UN-2, 2006, “Our Mission”, UN-HABITAT organization website, accessed March 07, 2007, http://www.unhabitat.org/categories.asp?catid=10 World Bank, 2003, World Development Report 2004. Making Services Work for Poor People, World Bank, Washington DC, pp. 46-61 (Chapter 3)

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Appendix 1: Logical Framework

Narrative Summary Objectively verifiable Indicators Means of Verification Assumptions Goal Reduced generation and environmental impact of all forms of waste, so that the socio-economic development of Kampala, the health of its people and the quality of its environmental resources are no longer adversely affected by uncontrolled and uncoordinated waste management

90% of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in Kampala is processed with minimum possible damage to the environment and without violating human rights MSW is used to generate opportunities for stake-holders through partnerships and networks Qualitative improvement in living conditions and the environment in Kampala

Statistical data from quantitative assessment of garbage Feedback from all stakeholders Case studies Technical evaluations of the various systems for human rights violations and environmental standards by appointed agencies

All stakeholders realise the importance of the ISWM and of MSW processing Waste is regarded as a priority issue by Government and other decision makers Availability of funding for implementation of the ISWM system

Purpose End of Project Status (by March ’09)

Integrated Solid Waste Management system (ISWM) for Kampala will start being developed that incorporates the 3Rs of MSW management (Reduction, Recycling, Reuse), respects human rights and is economically and environmentally sustainable

Kampala City Council (KCC) accepts ISWM as official policy for managing MSW

Published ISWM city ordinance Procedural Report from KCC on how to implement the ISWM Feedback from all stakeholders about development & implementation of ISWM

Capacity building and awareness activities have led to a more efficient MSW management system in Makindye Division that follows international standards and human rights conventions and can be replicated in the rest of Kampala as part of the ISWM.

90% of MSW in Makindye is separated at source and processed according to safety standards and human rights conventions that are part of the ISWM. Qualitative improvement in living conditions and the environment in Markindye for all citizens Pilot Project for Makindye generates results to feedback into Project cycle for other Divisions of Kampala

Statistical Report about MSW volumes being generated & processed in Makindye Evaluation report of Makindye to assess improvement in living conditions (with Stakeholder Feedback) Environmental assessment of Makindye including part of Lake Victoria shore Evaluation Report of Pilot project is used in ISWM formulation

Process is accepted by all stakeholders All stakeholders involved cooperate and follow environmental/ human rights conventions Separation of garbage is institutionalized in daily life. Stakeholders do not short-change system and continue unauthorized activities (like dumping/ lack of safety gear etc.) Pilot Project is sustainable and replicable

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Outputs (with Time Frame)

Participatory Multi-stakeholder Seminars are held every 3 months for 2 years to develop an ISWM system for Kampala

All stakeholders attend and participate in the 9 seminars held from March ’07 – March ’09 (2years) to develop ISWM

Progress Reports for ISWM system after every meeting Stakeholder Feedback/ Surveys

Fund to provide subsidy for Primary Storage containers is set up and operational

All citizens of Makindye can procure Storage containers from the KCC or private agency either through purchase or subsidy by the end of March ‘07

Receipts of Purchase from Middle-High Income households from private companies/ KCC List of Low Income Households who have used subsidy Regular Inventory of containers Monitoring & Evaluation report of use of Storage containers from Independent consultant/ Makarere University

Awareness Campaign for Makindye is carried out.

March-June ‘07 (3 months) Improved awareness/ capacity among Makindye citizens for • Separating Waste at Source • avoiding Unauthorized Dumping • procurement and use of Primary

Storage containers for waste

Capacity-building Participatory Seminars for all stakeholders conducted in all 21 Parishes of Makindye

April - mid May ’07 (7 weeks) Improved awareness/ capacity among Makindye citizens for • Separating Waste at Source • avoiding Unauthorized Dumping • procurement and use of Primary

Storage containers for waste

11 Informal capacity-building meetings conducted for Children and women in Makindye

June 07 (4 weeks) Improved awareness/ capacity among children/women in Makindye for • Separating Waste at Source • avoiding Unauthorized Dumping

Stakeholder Feedback/ Surveys Monitoring reports of MSW collection & processing from households in Makindye

All stakeholders participate in the activities. Human rights conventions and non-discriminatory approach is followed for all activities Nepotism/ corruption do not derail any of the activities. Clear responsibilities and duties for the various projects are accepted by all involved parties and carried out.

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• procurement and use of Primary Storage containers for waste

7 Informal capacity-building meetings conducted for Domestic help

July 07 (3 weeks)Improved awareness/ capacity among domestic help in Makindye for • Separating Waste at Source • avoiding Unauthorized Dumping • procurement and use of Primary

Storage containers for waste

Participatory Seminars conducted for capacity-building and networking with local CBOs, Women’s groups and NGOs to discuss for Kampala • Waste collection in Low-Income Areas • Recycling & Business opportunities

One meeting each in August 07, Feb 08, August 08 Stronger networks and increase in civil-society activities related to waste-collection, recycling and income-generation in Kampala

Stakeholder Feedback/ Surveys Progress reports from CBO/ NGO

Fund for purchasing safety gear is set up and operational along with rules making safety gear compulsory for all MSW workers

All staff and workers handling MSW (including informal staff) start receiving safety gear daily from April-May ’07 (daily during work hours) They also receive instructions about safety/ health every 3 months starting April-May ’07

Feedback from MSW workers & employers (public, private, CBO) Regular Monitoring by KCC, Department of Public Health

3 Participatory capacity-building meetings conducted with Waste-Sorters (primarily Batooro tribe) and local CBOs/ NGOs

After each of the meetings in July 07, Jan 08, July 08, there is improved awareness/ capacity among Waste-Sorters on Kiteezi landfill about • Safety gear/ health issues • awareness of rights & better working

conditions

Feedback from waste-pickers Progress reports of meetings from CBO/ NGOs working with Human Rights Evaluation report from UN

Evaluation of Pilot Project in Makindye after implementation of LA21 Program for replication in other divisions of Kampala

Efficiency of MSW system in Makindye is analysed and assessed for incorporation into ISWM system of Kampala

Surveys/ Feedback from all stakeholders carried out by Makerere University Evaluation for Implementation Report from KCC Evaluation report from UN Evaluation report from Independent Consultant/ Makarere University

14

Dumped garbage is cleaned from the shores of Lake Victoria in Buziga and Ggaba parishes after first 2 Multi-Stakeholder meetings

After each of the 2 campaigns in March-April 07 and in Sep-Oct 07, the local environment around Lake Victoria in Makindye shows significant improvement. Visual impact and good publicity is generated for the ISWM process and new MSW system.

Activities Inputs Means of Verification Regular Participatory Multi-stakeholder Seminars every 3 months for 2 years for developing an ISWM system that is translated into Local Policy & Legislation for whole of Kampala Seminar 1 – March 07 Seminar 2 – June 07 Seminar 3 – September 07 Seminar 4 – December 07 Seminar 5 – March 08 Seminar 6 – June 08 Seminar 7 – September 08 Seminar 8 – December 08 Seminar 9 – March 09 (Final ISWM)

Rent for venue Local Coordinators (KCC) UN Facilitator salaries, accommodation, travel Local UN staff salaries Fees for venue staff Stationary and seminar materials Meals and Beverage

Use of Budget Seminar reports with stakeholder- feedback 2 weeks after every meeting On-going Progress reports of ISWM program from UN personnel

Create Fund with KCC to provide subsidy for Low-Income groups to purchase Primary Storage containers (at source, for homes & businesses). (March 07) To be sold through Private Firms (to Medium-High Income) & CBOs (Low Income) – starting from March to indefinitely

Fund for subsidy Local UN staff salaries Local contributor

UN-KCC MoU and report on Storage Container Fund

All stakeholders participate in the programme.

Awareness Campaign for garbage separation at source, purchase & use of storage containers (with details of subsidy) – 3months March-June ‘07 & ‘08 To be run by KCC, CBO and NGO (and other orgs. like Rotary Club, Youth groups etc.) at

Funding

Media professionals Information materials Independent Consultant fees

Use of budget Advertisement campaign report Independent Evaluation report carried out through surveys, meetings in the Community by Consultant

15

1. Door to Door 2. Educational institutions 3. Offices & Commercial establishments 4. Popular media like TV, radio, newspaper 5. Community meetings & resident welfare

associations Capacity-building Participatory Seminars for all stakeholders in each Parish (21) to discuss (3 parishes every Sunday for 7 weeks April-May ‘07 & ‘08) 1. Separating Waste at Source (emphasize

Health and Economic reasons) 2. Importance of Non-dumping or using

collection agencies that dump (punitive measures)

3. Make Collection from HtH (House to House) or from Collection Points more wide-spread and efficient

4. Publicize the system for purchasing/ procuring Storage containers (through Subsidy for Low-income)

Rent for venue Local Coordinators (Makindye Division Authority, MDA) UN Facilitator salaries, accommodation, travel Local UN staff salaries Fees for venue staff Stationary and seminar materials Snacks and Beverage

Use of Budget Stakeholder- feedback at the end of each Seminar Combined Seminar report from Local Coordinator & UN personnel after each Seminar Detailed report from UN Facilitator

Informal capacity-building meetings for Children and women on Separating Waste at Source (emphasize Health and Economic reasons) using Storage Containers (3 meetings a week on weekdays for 4 weeks in June ‘07 & ‘08) Meeting 1 – Katwe I Meeting 2 - Katwe II Meeting 3 – Kibuye I Meeting 4 – Kibuye II Meeting 5 - Makindye I Meeting 6 - Makindye II Meeting 7 - Nsambya Central/ Estate Meeting 8 - Nsambya Rails/ Police/ Meeting 9 - Kibuli Meeting 10 - Wabigalo Meeting 11 – Kisugu Meeting 12 - Salaama

Rent for venue Local Coordinators (MDA) Local UN staff salaries Fees for venue staff Stationary and seminar materials Snacks and Beverage

Use of Budget Stakeholder- feedback at the end of each Seminar Month-end report from Local Coordinator & UN personnel

Informal capacity-building meetings for Domestic Rent for venue Use of Budget

16

help on Separating Waste at Source (emphasize Health and Economic reasons) using Storage Containers (3 meetings on Sunday for 2 weeks in July ‘07 & ‘08) Meeting 1 - Makindye I & II Meeting 2 - Nsambya Central/ Estate Meeting 3 - Nsambya Rails/ Police/ Kibuli Meeting 4 - Kabalagala/ Kisugu Meeting 5 - Kasanga/ Bukasa/Ggaba Meeting 6 - Luwafu/ Lukuli/ Salaama/ Buziga

Local Coordinators (MDA) Local UN staff salaries Fees for venue staff Stationary and seminar materials Snacks and Beverage

Stakeholder- feedback at the end of each Seminar Month-end report from Local Facilitator & UN personnel

Participatory Seminar for capacity-building and networking with local CBOs, Women’s groups and NGOs to discuss waste collection in Low-Income Areas (NASOMA, Nabisalu Solid Waste Management Association and KIFCOA, Kibuye Female Concern Association) March 07 - initial seminar Every two months regular seminars for the first year In 2008 seminars every 4 months

Rent for venue Local Facilitators Local UN staff salaries Fees for personnel Stationary and training materials Food and Drinks Consultant fees, accommodation, travel

Use of Budget Stakeholder- feedback at the end of each Seminar Seminar report from Local Facilitator & UN personnel

Participatory Seminar for capacity-building and networking with local CBOs, Women’s groups and NGOs to discuss Recycling & Business opportunities in Kampala (UCODEA/ Envirocare) 3 meetings in August 07/ Feb 08/ August 08

Rent for venue Local Facilitators Local UN staff salaries Fees for personnel Stationary and training materials Food and Drinks

Use of Budget Stakeholder- feedback at the end of each Seminar Seminar report from Local Coordinator & UN personnel

Fund safety gear kits and work towards making safety gear compulsory for MSW handling staff. Gear to be distributed and safety policy explained – April-May 07/ April-May 08

Overalls, Gloves, Masks for 100 people Local Coordinators (MDA)

Use of Budget Inventory of new gear

17

• to DOT Ltd. at Kiteezi landfill • to KCC Division • to Homeklin Ltd. and BinIt Ltd.

Safety Manual

Participatory capacity-building meeting (July 07/ Jan 08/ July 08) with Waste-Sorters (primarily Batooro tribe) and NGOs (maybe UCODEA) for • Raising awareness about health, safety gear • Advocacy with NGO (Human Rights

Concern, HURICO) towards legalising Waste Sorters’ activities so they can receive minimum wages and health benefits

Rent for venue Local Coordinators (KCC & UCODEA) UN Facilitator salaries, accommodation, travel Local UN staff salaries Fees for venue staff Stationary and seminar materials Snacks and Beverage

Use of Budget NGO List of scavengers Stake-holder Feedback Meeting report from Local Facilitator & UN personnel Detailed Report from UN facilitator

Fund separation of areas at Kiteezi Landfill using fences for Waste categories (July 07) • Inorganic (recyclable) – Waste sorters can sell

to Private companies/ WB units • Organic (compost/ briquette) – Waste

Sorters can sell to UCODEA/other CBOs • Organic (decomposition)

Funds Local Building contractor, Fencing materials Project Coordinator Local UN staff salaries

Use of Budget Report from UN staff on completion of fencing with photographs. Detailed report from Project and Local Coordinators

Evaluation of Pilot Project in Makindye after LA21 Programme (for replication in other Divisions)

Local UN staff salaries Independent Consultant fees Grant to Local University

Regular reports from UN local office with Division Office Independent Evaluation Report (Nov-Dec 08) Surveys/ Feedback carried out by Local University (Sep-Nov 08)

18

Clean up Campaign (Removal of Dumped Garbage) of Lake Victoria shore in Buziga and Ggaba parishes of Makindye for Immediate Visual Impact (publicity) and raising community-morale after first 2 Multi-Stakeholder meetings (March-April 07) (Sep-Oct 07)

Fees for Project Coordinator Local UN Staff salaries Volunteers Equipment for collection Safety equipment Trucks/ Pick-ups/ Bulldozers Fees for Transport operators Meals for volunteers Funding for Advertisement campaign

Media professionals Information materials

Use of Budget Coordinator’s Clean-up Campaign report Feedback/ Survey from local community Media Professional’s Publicity report

19

Appendix 2: BUDGET

ITEM COSTS IN US DOLLARS YEAR 1 YEAR 2

03/07 -03/08

04/08- 03/09 Total

OPERATING EXPENSES

Office Rent 300 p/m 3600,00 3600,00 7200,00in

kind Utilities 75 p/m 900,00 900,00 1800,00 Communication 300 p/m 3600,00 3600,00 7200,00 Office Supplies 350 p/m 4200,00 4200,00 8400,00

12300,00 12300,00 24600,00In

kindOffice Staff 1 Assistant 25.00 per day 9125,00 9125,00 18250,00 Regular Participatory Multi-stakeholder Seminars to develop an ISWM system(9 seminars of 3days, for 120 people)

Rent 100.00 p/v300.00

p/s 1200,00 1500,00 2700,00in

kind

3 Loc Coord 60.00 per sem 180,00 720,00 900,00 1620,00in

kind

2 Loc UN Staff 120.00 per sem 240,00 960,00 1200,00 2160,00in

kind 1UN Facilitator salary 380.00 p/d 1140,00 4560,00 5700,00 10260,00 Accommodation 150.00 p/night 300,00 1200,00 1500,00 2700,00 Travel 1200.00 per ticket 4800,00 6000,00 10800,00 5 Venue Staff 9.00 per sem 45,00 180,00 225,00 405,00 Stationary 10.00 per sem 40,00 50,00 90,00 Meals Beverage 1.00 per person 360,00 1440,00 1800,00 3240,00

15100 18875 33975,00

Awareness Campaign for garbage separation at source (2)

Firm 1st year

1st/m 10000.00 / 2nd/m 5000.00 / 3rd. 5000.00 20000,00 20000,00

20

Firm 2nd year 1st/m 4000.00 / 2nd/m 3000.00 / 3rd. 3000.00 10000,00 10000,00

Consultant 300.00 per consultancy 2000,00 2000,00 4000,00 22000,00 12000,00 34000,00 Capacity Building Participatory Seminars (Each year 21 seminars -1/parish- in 7 sundays) Rent 100.00 p/v 4200,00 2100,00 2100,00 4200,00 3 Loc Coord 20.00 per sem 60,00 1260,00 1260,00 2520,00 2 Loc UN Staff 40.00 per sem 80,00 1680,00 1680,00 3360,00 1UN Facilitator salary 380.00 per day 1140,00 7980,00 7980,00 15960,00 Accommodation 150.00 p/night 300,00 2100,00 2100,00 4200,00 Travel 1200.00 per trip 8400,00 8400,00 16800,00 5 Venue Staff 3.00 per sem 15,00 315,00 315,00 630,00 Stationary 10.00 per sem 210,00 210,00 420,00 Meals Beverage 1.00 per person 300,00 6300,00 6300,00 12600,00 30345,00 30345,00 60690,00 Informal capacity-building meetings for childern and women separating waste at source (24 for 100 people, 12 per year)

Rent 100.00 p/v 2400,00 1200,00 1200,00 2400,00in

kind 3 Loc Coord 20.00 per sem 60,00 720,00 720,00 1440,00

2 Loc UN Staff 40.00 per sem 80,00 960,00 960,00 1920,00in

kind 1UN Facilitator salary 380.00 per day 1140,00 13680,00 13680,00 27360,00 Accommodation 150.00 p/night 300,00 3600,00 3600,00 7200,00 Travel 1200.00 per trip 14000,00 14000,00 28000,00 5 Venue Staff 3.00 per sem 15,00 180,00 180,00 360,00 Stationary 10.00 per sem 120,00 120,00 240,00 Meals Beverage 1.00 per person 100,00 1200,00 1200,00 2400,00 35660,00 35660,00 71320,00 Informal Capacity Building meetings for Domestic Help on separating waste at source(6 meetigings for 100 people each)

21

Rent 100.00 p/v 600,00 300,00 300,00 600,00in

kind 3 Loc Coord 20.00 per sem 60,00 180,00 180,00 360,00

2 Loc UN Staff 40.00 per sem 80,00 240,00 240,00 480,00in

kind 5 Venue Staff 3.00 per sem 18,00 45,00 45,00 90,00 Stationary 10.00 per sem 30,00 30,00 60,00 Meals Beverage 1.00 per person 100,00 300,00 300,00 600,00 1095,00 1095,00 2190,00 Participatory Seminar for Capacity Building and Networking: CBOs, Women's Groups and NGOS for waste collection in low income areas(7 for 100 pp each)

Rent 100.00 p/v 400,00 300,00 700,00in

kind 3 Loc Facilitators 20.00 per sem 60,00 240,00 180,00 420,00

2 Loc UN Staff 40.00 per sem 80,00 320,00 240,00 560,00in

kind 5 Venue Staff 3.00 per sem 15,00 60,00 45,00 105,00 Stationary 10.00 per sem 40,00 30,00 70,00 Food and Drinks 1.00 pp 100,00 400,00 300,00 700,00 1460,00 1095,00 2555,00 Part. Sem. for Cap. Building and Networking: CBOs, Women's groups and NGOs for Recycling and Business opportunities in Kampala (3 for 100 pp)

Rent 100.00 p/v 100,00 200,00 300,00in

kind 3 Loc Facilitators 20.00 per sem 60,00 60,00 120,00 180,00

2 Loc UN Staff 40.00 per sem 80,00 80,00 160,00 240,00in

kind 5 Venue Staff 3.00 per sem 15,00 15,00 30,00 45,00 Stationary 10.00 per sem 10,00 20,00 30,00 Food + Drinks 1.00 per person 100,00 100,00 200,00 300,00 365,00 730,00 1095,00

22

Participatory capacity building meetings: Waste Sorters (primarily Batooro tribe) and NGOs (3 meetings)

Rent 100.00 p/v 100,00 200,00 300,00in

kind 3 Loc Coord 20.00 per sem 60,00 60,00 120,00 180,00

2 Loc UN Staff 40.00 per sem 80,00 80,00 160,00 240,00in

kind 1 UN Facilitator salary 380.00 per day 1140,00 1140,00 2280,00 3420,00 Accommodation 150.00 p/night 300,00 300,00 600,00 900,00 Travel 1200.00 per trip 1200,00 2400,00 3600,00 5 Venue Staff 3.00 per sem 15,00 15,00 30,00 45,00 Stationary 10.00 per sem 10,00 20,00 30,00 Snacks 1.00 per person 100,00 100,00 200,00 300,00 3005,00 6010,00 9015,00 Evaluation Report Report 30000,00 30000,00 30000,00 Clean up Campaign of Lake Vicotoria shore in Salaama, Buziga and Ggaba parishes of Makinde Division Fund 10000,00 10000,00 10000,00 Personel to oversee funds

Lake V 1 Loc UN Staff (2w) 40.00 per day 40,00 560,00 560,00

in kind

Safety G 1 Loc Coord (2w) 20.00 per day 20,00 140,00 140,00 280,00in

kind

Land Fill 1 Loc UN Staff (2w) 40.00 per day 40,00 560,00 560,00

in kind

Containers 1 Loc UN Staff (2w) 40.00 per day 40,00 280,00 280,00 560,00

in kind

1 Loc Coord (2w) 20.00 per day 20,00 140,00 140,00 280,00in

kind 1540,00 420,00 2240,00

23

TOTAL OPERATING EXPENSES 141995,00 157655,00 299930,00 CAPITAL EXPENDITURE Safety Gear for 300 people Overalls 15.00 per unit 2250,00 2250,00 4500,00 Gloves 5.00 per unit 750,00 750,00 1500,00 Masks 3.00 per unit 450,00 450,00 900,00 3450,00 3450,00 6900,00 Fund for separation of areas of Kiteezi Landfill Contractor 10000,00 10000,00 10000,00 Fund for purchase of primary storage containers Fund 10000,00 10000,00 10000,00 OFFICE 1 car 8000,00 8000,00 8000,00 2 Laptop 1100,00 2200,00 2200,00 1 Desktop 800,00 800,00 800,00 1 Printer 400,00 400,00 400,00 2 Cameras 300,00 600,00 600,00 TOTAL CAPITAL EXPENDITURE 35450,00 3450,00 38900,00 GRAND TOTALS 338830,00 15,00% 50782,50 TOTAL 389612,50

24

Appendix 3. Gantt Chart

2007 2008 2009

Activity Mar

.

Apr

May

Jun

July

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

July

Aug

Sept

Oct

Nov

Dec

Jan

Feb

Mar

Regular Participatory Multi-stakeholder Seminars fordeveloping an ISWM system that is translated intoLocal Policy & Legislation for whole of Kampala

Create Fund with KCC to provide subsidy for Low-Income groups to purchase Primary Storage containers (at source, for homes & businesses).

Awareness Campaign for garbage separation at source, purchase & use of storage containers (with details of subsidy)

Capacity-building Participatory Seminars for all stakeholders in each Parish (21) to discuss (3 parishes every Sunday for 7 weeks)

Informal capacity-building meetings for Children and women on Separating Waste at Source (emphasize Health and Economic reasons) using Storage Containers (3 mtg a week on weekdays)

Informal capacity-building meetings for Domestic help on Separating Waste at Source (emphasize Health and Economic reasons) using Storage Containers (3 mtg)

Participatory Seminar for capacity-building and networking with local CBOs, WomenÕs groups and NGOs to discuss waste collection in Low-Income Areas

Participatory Seminar for capacity-building and networking with local CBOs, WomenÕs groups and NGOs to discuss Recycling & Business opportunities in Kampala (UCODEA/ Envirocare)

Fund safety gear kits and work towards making safety gear compulsory for MSW handling staff. Gear to be distributed and safety policy explained Š April-May 07/ April-May 08

Participatory capacity-building meeting with Waste-Sorters (primarily Batooro tribe) and NGOs (maybeUCODEA)

Fund separation of areas at Kiteezi Landfill using fencesfor Waste categories

Evaluation of Pilot Project in Makindye after LA21 Programme (for replication in other Divisions)

Clean up Campaign (Removal of Dumped Garbage) of Lake Victoria shore in Salaama, Buziga and Ggaba parishes of Makindye for Immediate Visual Impact (publicity) and raising community-morale after first 2 Multi-Stakeholder meetings