proizvodnja tritikala

7/25/2019 proizvodnja tritikala

1/13

UNIVERZITET U TUZLI

TEHNOLOKI FAKULTET

AGRONOMIJA

BILJNA PROIZVODNJA

SEMINARSKI RAD

AGROTEHNIKA PROIZVODNJE TRITICALA

Profesor: Stue!t":

Dr# S$# M"r%o Sto&"' Br%"' A()*

Su)(%*!o+"' F*t",*

Tu-)*. A/r") 0123


2/13

SADRAJ

2# UVOD###########################################################################################################################4

2#2# Por"(e%)o Tr"t"%*)*##################################################################################################42#0# R*s/rostr*!(e!ost tr"t"%*)*#####################################################################################4

2#4# Z!*5*( Tr"t"%*)*######################################################################################################6

0# MORFOLOKE OSOBINE TRITIKALA###################################################################3

4# AGROEKOLOKI USLOVI ZA RAZVOJ TRITIKALA###########################################7

6# AGROTEHNIKA TRITIKALA###################################################################################8

6#2# O9r** t)*##############################################################################################################8

6#0# P)oore#################################################################################################################8

6#4# u9re!(e################################################################################################################;

6#6# S(et+*#####################################################################################################################;

6#


3/13

1. UVOD

2#2# Por"(e%)o Tr"t"%*)*

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4
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid_(biology)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheathttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grainhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultivarhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultivarhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infertilityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infertilityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colchicinehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyploidyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_and_Agriculture_Organizationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid_(biology)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheathttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grainhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultivarhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infertilityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colchicinehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyploidyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_and_Agriculture_Organization


4/13

Slika 1: Rejoni gdje uspijevaju Tritikale.

2#4# Z!*5*( Tr"t"%*)*

U /o5et%u su (e -9o= !utr"t"+!e +re!ost". %o(* (e +e'* " o %u%uru-*. se)e%$"o!*r"" stru5!(*$" -* "s@r*!u sto%e. /re/oru5"+*)" -* "s@r*!u s+"@ +rst* C"+ot"!(*# Pos)e!("@=o"!* se s+e +"&e u+o" u )(us%o( "s@r*!". /ro"-+o!(" t-+# "!ter=r*)!"@ /ro"-+o*.!*(5e&'e u %o,9"!*$"(" s* /&e!"5!", 9r*&!o,#

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%o!st*t!o o9r". &estse*, to!* /o @e%t*ru. -!*t!o +"&" !e=o /r"!os" /&e!"$e# Je"!" (e!eost*t*% u to,e &to se te&%o +r&"#

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5/13

u/otre9)(*+* u /ro"-+o!(" 9r*&!* -* /e%*rs%e /ro"-+oe. "*%o (o& !e,* o=o+*r*(u'ete@!o)o="(e -* to#

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"s@r*!u )(u". %or"st" se " -* /ro"-+o!(u &%ro9*. *)%o@o)* " /"+s%o= s)**# Ze)e!* ,*s*%r,!"@ sort" tr"t"%*)e* (e s)*u!(*+*. -9o= 5e=* (e sto%* +r)o r*o (ee# MoCe se t*%oer%or"st"t" %*o s"(e!o. s")*C* ")" tr*+!o 9r*&!o 9o=*to 9(e)*!5e+"!*,*. %*rot"!o, ","!er*)!", t+*r",*#


6/13

2. MORFOLOKE OSOBINE TRITIKALA

A,f"/)o"!" tr"t"%*)e (e u /o=)eu @*9"tus* 9")(%e "!ter,e"(*r!o= t"/*. &to -!*5"* ",* ,orfo)o&%e o)"%e

/&e!"$e " r*C" s)"%* 0#

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Slika 2: Tritikale


7/13

3. AGROEKOLOKI USLOVI ZA RAZVOJ TRITIKALA

U /o=)eu *=roe%o)o&%"@ u+(et* o+* C"t*r"$* (e (*%o /r")*=o)("+*. o9ro us/"(e+* "u su&!", /oru5(",*#

Tr"t"%*)e (e o9*r %*o -*,(e!* !e s*,o -* o-",e !e=o " (*re /&e!"$e (er ",* 9rC" /o5et!"/or*st " %r*'u +e=et*$"(u# U /)*!"!s%", /oru5(",*. tr"t"%*)e ,oCe /rest*+)(*t"/ote!$"(*)!" o-"," us(e+. =e (e /ro"-+o!(* o-",e /&e!"$e " o-",o= (*ro= (e5,*!es"=ur!*#

Z*@t(e+" /re,* to/)ot" Tr"t"%*)e se o)"%u(e +"so%o, ot/or!o&'u /re,* !"s%",te,/er*tur*,* " su&"# Bo)(e /re-",)(*+* o /&e!"$e. ot/or!"(" (e !* !*=)* ot*/*!(* s!"(e=*" /o(*+u )ee!e %ore#

Z*@t(e+" /re,* +o" Z*@+*)(u(u'" "-r*Ce!o( s/oso9!ost" 'e)"(* * u $"to/)*-,"-*rC*+*(u +ou. /r"sust+u +o&t*!e /re+)*%e !* 9")(%*,* " o9ro r*-+"(e!o, %or"(e!o+o,s"ste,u. tr"t"%*)e ",* +e)"%u ot/or!ost /re,* su&"# Z* !(e=* (e %*r*%ter"st"5!o * /o)*%of"-"o)o&%" ou,"re. /* (e fu!%$"o!*)!ost )"s!o= */*r*t* -!*t!o uC* o /&e!"5!o=. &tore-u)t"r* u=otr*(!o, o+"(*!(u /ro$es* for,"r*!(* " !*)"+*!(* -r!*# Z9o= to=* tr"t"%*)e u-r!u !*%u/" -* 2 o 0 +"&e 9(e)*!5e+"!* o /&e!"$e. o!os!o 4 o


8/13

4. AGROTEHNIKA TRITIKALA

O+o( C"t*r"$" o9r" /reus(e+" su o!" %o(" r*!o !*/u&t*(u -e,)("&te %*o &to su :=r*&*%. r*!e sorte %ro,/"r*. +"&e=o"&!(e tr*+!o(ete)"!s%e s,(e&e. %*o " us(e+" %o(" se=*(e -* -e)e!u ,*su# K*o " ost*)e C"t*r"$e tr"t"%*)e !e /o!os" u-=o( u ,o!o%u)tur". t*%o

* !* "stu /*r$e)u o)*-" !*%o! tr" =o"!e# K*o " s+* str!* C"t* tr*C" %+*)"tet!u o9r*u-e,)("&t* %o(o( tre9* /os+et"t" ost* /*C!(e s o9-"ro, !* to * tr"t"%*)e ",* s)*9o r*-+"(e!C")"5*st %or"(e! s)*9e us"s!e ,o'"# Du9o%* o9r** -e,)("&t* /o-"t"+!o (e)u(e !* /r"!ostr"t"%*)*# Do9r* /res(et+e!* /r"/re,* -e,)("&t* tre9* * o9e-9"(e" st*9")*! s)o( -e,)("&t*-* %)"(*!(e " !"$*!(e# Vr"(e,e s(et+e -*+"s" o us)o+* us/"(e+*!(*. re(o!* /ro"-+o!(e "

9ot*!"5%"@ oso9"!* sorte# Ko ut+r"+*!(* o/t",*)!o= +re,e!* s(et+e tre9* u-et" u o9-"r "+re,e!s%e /r")"%e. st*!(e -e,)("&t* " !(e=o+u +)*C!ost " +r"(e,e Cet+e /reus(e+*#

O/t",*)*! ro% -* s(et+u tr"t"%*)* (e o %r*(* se/te,9r* o sre"!e o%to9r* ,(ese$*. s*0


9/13

6#0# P)oore

K*o " ost*)e C"t*r"$e tr"t"%*)e !e /o!os" u-=o( u ,o!o%u)tur". t*%o * !* "stu

/*r$e)u o)*-" !*%o! tr" =o"!e#

Tr"t"%*)e !*(9o)(e us/"(e+* !* 5er!o-e,u. *)" se ,oCe u-=*(*t" " !* /(es%o+"t", t)",* "treset"&t",* te %"se)", t)",*# N*(9o)(" su /reus(e+" -* tr"t"%*)e =r*&*%. r*!e sorte%ru,/"r*. (ete)"!s%otr*+!e s,(ese (er r*!o !*/u&t*(u t)o /* se o9r** t)* " s(et+* ,o=u

/r*+oo9!o o9*+"t"#

6#4# u9re!(e

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N*%o! or*!(* /o+r&"!* se o9r*u(e t*!(ur*5o, " r)(*5o,#

R*" s,*!(e!(* 9ro(* o/er*$"(* " /o+e'*!(* e%o!o,"5!ost" /ro"-+o!(e. u /o+o)(!",u+(et",* /o+r&"!* se -* s(et+u ,oCe /r"/re,"t" " s*,o /ro)*s%o, s(et+os/re,*5* ")"rot*$"(s%e r)(*5e#

Ko)"5"!e ,"!er*)!"@ @r*!("+* -* u9re!(e tr"t"%*)e* -*+"se o t"/* " !"+o* /)o!ost"-e,)("&t*. o9e-9"(ee!ost" -e,)("&t* +oo,. o5e%"+*!o= /r"!os* " sorte# N* 5er!o-e,",*se u9r" s* 6< o


10/13

6#6# S(et+*

S(et+* N*5"! s(et+e tr"t"%*)e* se !e r*-)"%u(e o !*5"!* s(et+e /&e!"$e " r*C"#S(et+* se o9*+)(* s"(*5"$*,* u reo+e !* 2120 $,. u9"!u 63 $, " /r" to,e se %or"st"o%o 011 %=@* s(e,e!*# Vr"(e,e s(et+e se %re'e u ro%o+",* s(et+e -* /&e!"$u " r*C#

6#


11/13

/ro)(e'e *

Pro/"%o!*-o)9o)est" )"st* "

st*9)("%e

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1.

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