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8/2/2019 Progressive Era and World War I Power Points
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Progressive Era Lesson 1
Goals of Progressivism
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Turn of the Century: 1900
New Technologies
y Printing, airplanes, photography
Public Education
y Difference for whites, blacks and immigrants
Higher Education
y Change in educational needs
y More African Americans attending
Segregation and Discrimination
y Jim Crow Laws, Plessy V Ferguson, Lynching Mass Culture
y Leisure, newspapers, fine arts, popular fiction
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Reasons for Reform
Effects of Business Practices
Working Conditions
Life for Urban Poor Government Corruption
Minority Rights
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Goals of Progressivism
Protecting Social Welfare
Promoting Moral Improvement
Creating Economic Reform Fostering Efficiency
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Promoting Moral Improvement
Idea that morality, not workplace is key
to improving lives
Prohibition Womans Christian Temperance Union
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Creating Economic Reform
Capitalist vs Socialist Economy
yAmerican Socialist Party in 1901
Impact of Muckrakers
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Fostering Efficiency
Scientific principles to make society
more efficient
y Brandeis Brief
Taylorism
Introduction of assembly line
Henry Ford
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Progressive Era Lesson 2Progressive Era Lesson 2
y Presidents of the Era: Roosevelt, Taft,
Wilson
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Presidents of the ProgressivePresidents of the Progressive
EraEra
Teddy Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, Woodrow WIlson
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President Roosevelt: 1901President Roosevelt: 1901--19091909
y Pushed for war against Spain in 1898
y Became President after McKinley
assassinated
y Bully Pulpit
y Square Deal
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President Roosevelt: 1901President Roosevelt: 1901--19091909
Trustbuster
Sue Northern Securities Company
Company dissolved in 1904
1902 Coal Strike 10 percent pay increase
Give up demand for closed shop
Cant strike for 3 years
Railroad Regulation Elkins Act of 1903
Hepburn Act of 1906
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President Roosevelt: 1901President Roosevelt: 1901--19091909
Meat Inspection Act Cleanliness requirements
Federal meat inspection
Did not require label information
Pure Food and Drug Act Truth in labeling
Prevented sale of contaminated foods andmedicines
Conservation 148 million acres of forest reserve
National Reclamation Act of 1902 (NewlandsAct)
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President Taft: 1909President Taft: 1909--19131913
y Roosevelts Secretary of War
y Easily defeated William Jennings Bryan
y Payne-Aldrich Tariff
Moderated high rates on imported
manufactured goods
y Issues within Republican Party
Bull-Moose Party is formed
Leads to Democratic Victory in 1912
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President Wilson: 1913President Wilson: 1913--19211921
y Election of 1912
y Grew up in south during Civil War
y New Freedom
Support small business
Free-market competition
Business monopolies are evil
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President Wilson: 1913President Wilson: 1913--19211921
Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914 Prevents corporation from acquiring stock of another
company if potential of a monopoly exists
Rights given to labor unions and farm organizations
Federal Trade Commission Investigate possible violations End unfair business practices
16th Amendment Graduated federal income tax
Federal Reserve System Prevents corporation from acquiring stock of another
company if potential of a monopoly exists
Rights given to labor unions and farm organizations
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Progressive Era Lesson 3
Role of Women in Reform
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Womens Suffrage
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Working Women
From stay at home to working for wages
Role of women On Farm
In Industry
x Garments, offices, stores and classrooms
Around the House
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Pushing for Reform Higher Education
Vassar College in 1875
Workplace reform, housing reform, educationalimprovement and food and drug laws
National Association of Colored Women
Managed nurseries, reading rooms, kindergartens
Susan B. Anthony Proponent of suffrage
Founded National Women Suffrage Association whichbecame National American Woman Suffrage Assoc.
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Approach to Suffrage
Convince state legislature to grant women right
to vote
Pursued court cases to test 14thAmendment
Pushed for national constitutional amendment
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yy The Beginning of the War and the End ofThe Beginning of the War and the End of
NeutralityNeutrality
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World War I: 1914World War I: 1914 -- 19181918
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yy Nationalism: pride in interests and culture ofNationalism: pride in interests and culture of
your countryyour country
yy Imperialism: Empire building and extendingImperialism: Empire building and extending
control over coloniescontrol over colonies
yy MiltarismMiltarism: development of armed forces and: development of armed forces and
using them as tool of diplomacyusing them as tool of diplomacy
yyAlliance System: AlliesAlliance System: Allies vsvs Central PowersCentral Powers
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yy June 28, 1914: Archduke Franz FerdinandJune 28, 1914: Archduke Franz Ferdinandassassinated in Sarajevo byassassinated in Sarajevo by GavriloGavrilo PrincipPrincip
yyAustriaAustria--Hungary issued ultimatum to SerbiaHungary issued ultimatum to Serbia
to bringto bring PrincipPrincip to justiceto justice
yy Unhappy with Serbias response, AustriaUnhappy with Serbias response, Austria--Hungary declared war on July 28, 1914Hungary declared war on July 28, 1914
yy Domino EffectDomino Effectyy Russia, Germany, France and Great BritainRussia, Germany, France and Great Britain
into the war by August 4into the war by August 4
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yy Hold off Russia in East while Russia isHold off Russia in East while Russia is
mobilizing its armymobilizing its army
yy Concentrate on France in West and aim toConcentrate on France in West and aim to
completely crush themcompletely crush them
yyAttack through BelgiumAttack through Belgium
yy Plan failed because it was too difficult toPlan failed because it was too difficult tocommunicate between front line and Berlincommunicate between front line and Berlin
yy First Battle of Marne on Sept. 6, 1914First Battle of Marne on Sept. 6, 1914
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yy Neutrality and Isolation; declared by WilsonNeutrality and Isolation; declared by Wilson
on August 4on August 4thth, 1914, 1914
yy Wilson felt that no American interests wereWilson felt that no American interests were
threatened as long as trade was allowedthreatened as long as trade was allowed
yy Citizens of America torn between support forCitizens of America torn between support for
both sides of the war, majority in support ofboth sides of the war, majority in support of
AlliesAllies
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yy British Blockade of German coastBritish Blockade of German coast
yy German UGerman U--Boat attacksBoat attacks
yy Lusitania sunk on May 7, 1915Lusitania sunk on May 7, 1915
yy 128 Americans killed128 Americans killed
yy Arabic and SussexArabic and Sussex
yy U.S. wanted to reassure Allies repaid debts toU.S. wanted to reassure Allies repaid debts toavoid economic collapseavoid economic collapse
yy Russian RevolutionRussian Revolution
yy British propagandaBritish propaganda
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Role of America and Impact of the War at
Home
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SelectiveService Act:required men to registerfor military service with
the government Army increased from
200,000 to 3 million men 8 month training period
Army Corps of Nursesand women serve inother noncombatpositions
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New Weapons
Machine gun
Tank Airplane
Poison gas
New Hazards ShellShock
Disease
Trench Foot
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ConvoySystem Boost in morale Helped stop German
advance on Paris Individual Heroes
General John J. Pershing
Eddie Rickenbacker Alvin York
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Government Control
War Industries Board
Food Administration Financing the War
Taxes
War Bonds
Propaganda Espionage andSedition Acts
Social Change
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November 3, 1918:Austria-Hungarysurrenders
November 11, 1918:German surrenders
22 million people died 110,000 Americans
died and 200,000wounded $338 billion economic
cost of war
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Prevent Another War No secret treaties
Freedom of seas
No economic barriers
Reduction of arms
Consider interests ofpeople as well as
imperialist powers Boundary Changes 14th Point: League of
Nations
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All of the Allies rejected the plan because
they all wanted to make the Germans pay
Only exception was establishment of theLeague of Nations
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Provisions Established 9 new nations
Prevented Germany from maintaining an army Pay reparations in amount of $33 billion
Problems with Treaty War-Guilt Clause
Inability of Germany to pay reparations Russia lost more land than Germany
Opposition in U.S.