PROCESSOR Ambika | shravani | namrata | saurabh | soumen

CONTENTS● What is processor● Components of processor● Types of processor● Functions of processor● Factors affecting processor performance● Processors vendors● Intel core cpu generation● Advanced technologfy

What is a processor?

1.Brain- Because it contain entire CPU of computer on a single chip.

2.Three principle components- – ALU– Processor register– Control unit

Three principle components

1. ALU- The ALU is rsponsible to perform all arithmetic and logical operations.

2. Register- Registers are like memory units.

3. Control Unit- This part of processor will take care of execution of instructions.

Types of processors:● Microcontrollers● Microprocessors● Cores● Multicore processors

Processors instruction cycle● There are 4 parts in this cycle,they are as follows:

1.Fetch

2.Decode

3.Execute

4.store

Function of processor- Computer processor also known as microprocessor or central processing unit is a component of a computer system that functions as a brain of a program and carry out computer operations.- It is logically a circuitry that receives and processes the basic instruction given to a computer by the user.- It harmonizes the different processes inside the computer to deliver what the user needs.

•Processor has three main units

a)Input and output unit

b)Control unit

c)ALU( Arithmetic/Logic unit )-These units takes the binary inputs, manipulates it and produces output in the form of binary.

Function of processor contd:

Function of processor contd:

Fetch:–CPU retrieves the instruction that it needs to run from program memory.–Each instruction in a program is stored at a specific address.–The CPU has a program counter, which keeps track of the address of the instruction that the CPU is accessing.

Decode:–A compiler breaks the code down to Assembly Language.–From there on, an assembler translates Assembly Language into binary code.–The CPU can manipulate this binary code to execute the instructions it is given.

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Function of processor contd:●Execute:–Based on the instructions it is given, the CPU can then do one of three things:-Using its Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), the CPU can calculate extremely complicated mathematical functions-Move data from one memory location to another-Jump to different addresses in the program based on decisions made by the CPU itself.●Store:–CPU must give some feedback after executing the instruction.–The output data is written to the memory.–In this phase program counter is incremented.

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Factors affecting processor performance

● Instuction set● Clock speed● Bandwidth● Front side bus speed● On board level to cache● Heat and heat dissipation

Factors affecting processor performance contd.:

1.Instruction set-This is the processors built in code.that tells it how to execute its duties

2.Clock speed-It refers to the speed at which the processor can execute instructions

3.Bandwidth- The bandwidth determines how much information the processor can process in one instruction

4.Front side bus speed- The FSB is the interface between the processor and the system memory

5.On board level to cache-The on board cache is a little bit of high perforance RAM built directly in to the processor

6. Heat and heat dissipation-

Suggestions● If you are looking to upgrade just the CPU of your system, then

you need to check what type of socket your Motherboard uses and then check what the current speed cpu is against the fastest speed version which can be use in your existing Motherboard.

● CPU Clock● Internal register size● Max memory support ● Cache support ● Address bus / Data bus

CPU VENDORS● INTEL:Intel offers Penium Pro, Pentium II, Celeron, Pentium II

Xeon, PentiumIII, Pentium II and III Xeon, Celeron with Pentium III Based, Pentium 4, Pentium M, Intel Core, Dual Core Xeon LV, Intel Pentium Dual Core,Intel Core 2. Pentium Duo, Pentium Dual Core, Core 2 Quad, Intel Pentuim 2 Dual Core Processor.

● AMD (Advanced micro device):AMD processors include AMD Athlon, AMD Athlon 64, AMD Athlon X2,AMD Athlon Xp, AMD Duron, AMD Sempron, AMD Turion, MD Opteron and AMD Phenom 1.

Intel core cpu Generation● CPU is a term used to identify certain CPU families● Instead of using microarchitecture names,simply a generation name is

used● Generation can be determined by the relevant Sub Microarchitecture

Codename or CPU modelno. ● 1stGeneration:Nehalem(~45nm)● 2ndGeneration:SandyBridge(~32nm)● 3rdGeneration:IvyBridge(~22nm)● 4thGeneration:Haswell(~22nm)● 5th generation: Broadwell(~14nm)● 6th generation: skylake(~14nm)

Features of i7 processor

1.It has high speed working with multitasking.

2.Dual core technology is also a part of i7 processor.

3.Turbo boost technology is a big feature of i7 processor

4.Hyper threading technology

5.Ability to increase the memory upto 1066 M bits

And provide the working speed of 25.6 GB per second

Technical specification of i7 processor

1.Integrated menory upto 1066 Mbits

2.able to support cache

3.Can support upto 8 to 12 MB of high rate performance

4.the higher clock speed is 3.2 Ghz.

5 .Other technology used like high visualisation make the system powerful.

6.Different types of cores involved on the manufacturing

Advantages of i7 processors● Due to its advancement in technology i7 has many advantages as

follows:● They are faster from the older version● Provide high data visualisation technology to the users.● Disadvantages● The measure disadvantage is that they are very much expensive to

install.

Comparison● More power● More cache memory upto 8 MB● there are 8 threats.● 4 cores to take advantage of this perticular series● More energy efficient● Produces less heat.

Available i7 processors

Processor no.CacheClock speedNo of cores/No of threads

Max power Graphics

I7-4960 HQ6.0 MB2.60GHz4/8 47Intel Iris Pro Graphics 5200

i7-4600M4.0MB2.90GHz2/4 37Intel iris pro graphics 4600

I7-4600U4.0MB2.10GHz2/4 15Intel iris pro graphics 4400

i7-4610Y4.0MB1.70GHz2/4 Intel iris pro

graphics 4200

THANK YOU