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TRAUMATOLOGI
Departemen Ilmu KedokteranForensik dan Medikolegal FKUI
RS. Cipto Mangunkusumo
Irvan Januard AdoeHaekal Mahargias
mil! "ad!a Akman
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TRAUMATOLOGI FORENSIK
Ilmu yang mempelajari tentang luka dan cederaserta hubungannya
dengan berbagai kekerasan
(rudapaksa). Sedangkan yang dimaksudkandengan luka adalah suatu
keadaanketidaksinambungan jaringan tubuh akibatkekerasan.
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KLASIFIKASI BERDASARAKAN
PENYEBAB MEKANIK KEKERASAN TUMPUL KEKERASAN TAJAM SENJATA
API
FISIK SUHU LISTRIK DAN PETIRTEKANAN UDARA AKUSTIK
RADIASI
KIMIA / KOROSIF
- ASAM KUAT
- BASA KUAT
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TRAUMAMEKANIK
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KEKERASAN TUMPUL
Bentuk
1. Memar
2. Luka Lecet
3. Luka robek
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Memar
Perdarahan dalam jaringan bawah kulit/kutis
akibat pecahnya kapiler/vena yang disebabkan
oleh kekerasan benda tumpul.
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Memar
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Memar
Perubahan arna !a"a memar
#$Saa% %&mbu' berarna merah (emu"&anmen)a"& un*u
a%au h&%am
+$,- har& (emu"&an berubah men)a"& h&)au
.$-#0 har& a(an berubah men)a"& (un&n*
,$A(an men*h&'an* "a'am #,-# har&
Perubahan arna ber'an*1un* mu'a& "ar& %e!&
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Lu(a Le2e%
Cedera pada epidermis akibat bersentuhan dengan
benda yang memiliki permuakaan kasar atau
runcing
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Lu(a Le2e%
Lu(a 'e2e% G3re1
D&a(&ba%(an 3'eh ben"a run2&n* 4an*
men**e1er 'a!&1an !ermu(aan (u'&% "&"e!ann4a
Lu(a 'e2e% 1eru%
5ar&a1& "ar& 'u(a 'e2e% *3re1 4an*
"aerah!er1en%uhann4a 'eb&h 'ebar
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Lu(a Le2e%
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Lu(a Le2e%
Lu(a 'e2e% *e1er
Te(anan '&near !a"a (u'&% "&1er%a& *era(an
ber*e1er
Lu(a 'e2e% %e(an
Pen)e)a(an ben"a %um!u' !a"a (u'&%$ Karena (u'&%a"a'ah
)ar&n*an 4an* 'en%ur6 ma(a ben%u( 'u(a
be'um %en%u 1ama "en*an ben%u( !ermu(aanben"a %er1ebu%
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Lu(a Le2e%
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Lu(a R3be(
Luka terbuka akibat trauma benda tumpul, yang
menyebabkan kulit teregang ke satu arah dan bila
batas elastis kulit terlampaui, maka akan terjadi
robekan pada kulit.
Kekerasan tumpul yang cukup kuat dapat
menyebabkan patah tulang
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Lu(a R3be(
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7e"era Ke!a'a
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7e"era Ke!a'a
Per"arahan E!&"ura'
Ser&n* %er)a"& !a"a u1&a "ea1a-!er%en*ahan
"an 1er&n* "&)um!a& !a"a (e(era1an ben"a%um!u'
"& !e'&!&1 809: "an be'a(an* (e!a'a8#9:
Per"arahan Sub"ura'
Karena r3be(n4a 1&nu16 ar%er& ba1&'ar&1
a%aubera1a' "ar& !er"arahan 1ubara(h3n3&"
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7e"era Ke!a'a
Per"arahan Subara(hn3&"
Bera1a' "ar& ;3(u1 (3n%u1&3/'a1era1&
)ar&n*an3%a(
Le1& O%a(
T&"a( 1e'a'u %er)a"& !a"a "aerah ben%uran6%e%a!&
"a!a% )u*a %er)a"& "& 1ebran* %&%&(ben%uran a%au
"&an%ara (e"uan4a
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Ke2e'a(aan La'u L&n%a1
#e$alan Kaki
Lu(a !r&mer
Pa%ah %u'an* baah < bum!erPa%ah %u'an* !an**u' =
'u(a-'u(a
ba*&an "e!an m3b&'
Lu(a 1e(un"er)a%uh%er'&n"a1%eran*(a% (e a%a1 (a2a )a%uh
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Pen*emu"& M3b&'
kepala : kaca depan
Pergelangan tangan : karena menahan stir
Patah tulang femur dan pelvis : karena
menginjak pedal dengan kuat Sternum dan iga : terbentur stir
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%uka aki&at kekerasan
&enda ta$am Gambran umum < %e!& "an "&n"&n*
'u(a
ra%a6 berben%u( *ar&16 %&"a( %er"a!a%
)emba%an )ar&n*an6 "an "a1ar 'u(aberben%u( *ar&1 a%au
%&%&($
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Jenis luka aki&at &enda
ta$am#$ Lu(a &r&1 (e"ua 1u"u% 'u(a 'an2&!"an "a'am
'u(a %&"a(
+$ Lu(a 1a4a% me'eb&h& !an)an* 'u(a6
1u"u% 'u(a 'an2&! "a!a%
.$ Lu(a ba23( %er)a"& + (a'& "&%em!a% "(%
,$ Lu(a %u1u(
,a$ P&1au ma%a 1a%u < 1a%u 1u"u% 'u(a 'an2&! "an
'a&nn4a %um!u'
,b$ P&1au ma%a "ua < (e"ua 1u"u% 'u(a 'an2&!
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Lu(a &r&1
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Lu(a Tu1u( "an Ba23(
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#em&unuhan
'unuh diri Ke(elakaan
L3(a1& 'u(a Sembaran* Ter!&'&h Ter!a!ar
Jum'ah 'u(a Ban4a( Ban4a( Tun**a'/ban4a(
Pa(a&an Ter(ena T&"a( %er(ena Ter(ena
Lu(a %an*(&1 A"a T&"a( a"a T&"a( a"a
Lu(a!er23baan
T&"a( a"a A"a T&"a( a"a
7e"era
1e(un"er
Mun*(&n a"a T&"a( a"a Mun*(&n a"a
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%uka aki&at tem&akan
sen$ata api Sen)a%a a!& < ha1&' !e'e"a(an me1&u6
"a!a%
me'3n%ar(an !r34e(%&' ber(e2e!a%an %&n**&
"ar&'ara1n4a$
A*ar 1%ab&' "&*una(an 'ara1 >Bera'ur? (e(&r&
823'%:a%au (e(anan 81m&%h an" e113n: )um'ah a'u ,[email protected]$
Gar&1 %en*ah ana( !e'uru 1ena!an b&a1an4aberu(uran -mm
"en*an !an)an* +-. mm6
"an bera% -#, *$ !a"a 1ena!an me1&n umumn4a'eb&h
(e2&' "an r&n*an [email protected] "an .6 *$
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Fa(%3r 4an* !en*aruh& (eru1a(an
3r*an a(&ba% 1ena!an !e'uru$ Be1ar "an ben%u( ana(
!e'uru
Ba'&1%&( 8(e2e!a%an6 ener*& (&ne%&(6
1%ab&'&%a1 ana( !e'uru:
Kera!uhan ana( !e'uru
Ke!a"a%an )ar&n*an 1a1aran
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Ber"a1ar(an )ara( 'u(a %emba(
Lu(a %emba( ma1u( )ara( )auh
Lu(a %emba( ma1u( )ara( "e(a%
Lu(a %emba( ma1u( )ara( 1an*a% "e(a%
Lu(a %emba( %em!e'
Lu(a %emba( (e'uar 8'eb&h be1ar 3/ "e;3rm&%a1
ana( !e'uru "an %er&(u%n4a )ar&n*an !e2ah%u'an*: namun
(a"an* b&1a beru(uran (e2&'b&'a (ehab&1an %ena*a
1aa% (e'uar %ubuh$
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Kelim le(et < 'uban* 4an* "&(e'&''&n*&
ba*&an 4an*(eh&'an*an (u'&% ar&
Kelim kesat < a% 4an* me'e(a% !a"a ana( !e'uru
4an* %eru1a! !a"a %e!& 'uban* 8'u(a %emba( ma1u()ara(
)auh:
Kelim tatto < bu%&r-bu%&r me1&u 4an* %&"a(
hab&1%erba(ar a(an %er%anam !a"a (u'&% "&1e(&%ar
('&m 'e2e%
8'u(a %emba( ma1u( )ara( "e(a%:
Kelim $elaga < a1a! 4an* (e'uar "ar& u)un*
'ara11en)a%a
Kelim api < h&!erem&1 a%au )ar&n*an 4an*
%era(ar8'u(a %emba( ma1u( )ara( 1an*a% "e(a%:
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Lu(a a(&ba% 1uhu
Suhu tinggi "a!a% men*a(&ba%(an%er)a"&n4a heat
exhaustion!r&mer$ Suhu
'e%ha' e(13*en a"a'ah ,. "era)a% 2e'2&u1$ Lu(a ba(ar (3n%a(
(u'&% "en*an ben"a
ber1uhu %&n**&$ , "era)a% 'u(a ba(ar
