Dr/ ABD ALLAH NAZEER. MD.

Brain film Reading. Lecture 1.

Cerebral HemorrhageTraumaRuptured aneurysm HypertensiveHemorrhagic transformation of ischemic infarction (esp. venous)Venous infarctionTumor Vascular malformationsAngioinvasive infectionAmyloid angiopathy

Acute intraparenchymal hematoma

Acute subarachnoid hemorrhage

(and intraventricular)

Subdural vs. Epidural Hematoma

Mixed acute/chronic subdural hematoma

Traumatic Brain Swelling

Effacement of basal cisterns

Traumatic brain swelling with downward herniation

Traumatic brain swelling

Diffuse Axonal (Shear) Injury (DAI)

Diffuse Axonal (Shear) Injury (DAI)

T2*: Increased sensitivity to hemorrhage

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Imaging

• MRI is the imaging study of choice

• Help establish “dissemination of lesions in time and space”

• Estimate disease burden

• Identify acute (inflammatory) vs. chronic lesions (enhancement = active inflammation)

Tumefactive MS

Infection• Torch(toxoplasmosis, rubella, CMV and HSV

• Meningitis

• Encephalitis

• Cerebritis and parenchymal abscess

• Empyema (subdural/epidural)

• Cysticercosis.

• Hydatid cyst.

• HIV.

Meningitis

Leptomeningitis:

pia-arachnoid

Pachymeningitis: dura

Herpes Encephalitis

Cerebritis w/ Bacterial Abscess

T1 + Gd T2 Diffusion

Cerebritis w/ Subdural Empyema

T1 + Gd T2 FLAIR Diffusion

Chiari I Malformation. Sagittal T1W MR scan of brain shows peg like low lying tonsil in upper posterior cervical canal.

Chiari II Malformation

Chiari III Malformation..

Chiari IV Malformation..

Parietal cephalocele.

Temporal cephalocele.

Corpus callosal agenesis (partial).

Alobar holoprosencephaly.

Alobar holoprosencephaly.

Semilobar holoprosencephaly..

Septooptic dysplasia

Lissencephaly.

Polymicrogyria.

Focal cortical dysplasia.

Focal cortical dysplasia with mass heterotopia.

Nodular heterotopia.

Bilateral closed lip schizencephaly.

Dandy-Walker Malformation.

Mega Cisterna Magna.

Neurofibromatosis type 1:

Neurofibromatosis type 1:

Neurofibromatosis type 1:

Neurofibromatosis type 2:

Tuberous sclerosis

Sturge-Weber syndrome.

Sturge-Weber syndrome.

Thank You.