Prepositions Edatlar

7/31/2019 Prepositions Edatlar

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Anasayfa > Intermediate > Prepositions (Edatlar) > Prepositions (Edatlar)

Prepositions (Edatlar)

What is a Preposition?Edat nedir?

A preposition links nouns, pronouns and phrases to other words in a sentence.Edatlar isimleri, zamirleri ve bekleri cmlenin dier elerine balarlar.

You can sit before (nnde) the desk (or in front of (nnde) the desk).

The professor can sit on (zerinde) the desk (when he's being informal) orbehind (arkasnda) thedesk, and then his feet are under (altnda) the desk orbeneath (altnda) the desk. He can standbeside (yannda) the desk (meaning next to (yannda) the desk), before (nnde) the desk,

between (aras

nda) the desk and you, or even on (zerinde) the desk (if he's really strange). If he'sclumsy, he can bump into (iine doru) the desk or try to walk through (iinden) the desk (andstuff would fall off (aa) the desk). Passing his hands over (stnde) the desk or resting hiselbows upon (zerinde) the desk, he often looks across (karya) the desk and speaks of the deskorconcerning (ilgili olarak) the desk as if there were nothing elselike (gibi) the desk. Because hethinks of nothing except (dnda) the desk, sometimes you wonderabout (hakknda) the desk,what's in (iinde) the desk, what he paid for (iin) the desk, and if he could live without(olmakszn) the desk. You can walk toward (-e doru) the desk, to (-e, -a) the desk, around(evresinde) the desk, by (boyunca) the desk, and even past (geride brakmak) the desk while hesits at (-de, -da) the desk or leans against (-e, -a) the desk.

All of this happens, of course, in time: during (esnas

nda) the class, before (nce) the class, until (-e kadar) the class, throughout (boyunca) the class, after (sonra) the class, etc. and the professorcan sit there in a bad mood [another adverbial construction].

PrepositionsEdatlar

At

at - is a mechanism for denoting the specific, it usually refers to fixed points in time (e.g.: clock times)and specific points in space.

at genellikle zamandaki sabit noktalara ya da uzaydaki herhangi belirli bir noktaya iaret eder.Time: The preposition at is used in the following descriptions of time:Zaman:At edat zamanla ilgili aadaki durumlarda kullanlr.

With clock times:Saati ifade ederken:

My last train leaves at 10:30.Son trenim 10:30'da kalkyor.

We left at midnight.Geceyars ayrldk.

The meeting starts at two thirty.Grme iki buukta balayacak.


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With specific times of day, or mealtimes:Gnn belirli zamanlarn, ya da yemek saatlerini ifade ederken:

He doesn't like driving at night.Gece araba kullanmay sevmez.

I'll go shopping at lunchtime.le yemei vaktinde alverie gideceim.

I like to read the children a story at bedtime.

Yatma vaktinde ocuklara hikaye okumay seviyorum.

With festivals:Bayramlarda:

Are you going home at Christmas/Easter?Noel'de / Paskalya'da eve gidiyor musun?

In certain fixed expressions which refer to specific points in time:Zamanda belirli noktalara iaret eden baz sabit ifadelerle:

Are you leaving at the weekend?Haftasonu ayrlyor musun?

She's working at the moment.u anda alyor.

He's unavailable at present.u anda msait deil.

I'll finish the course at the end of April.Kursu Nisan sonunda bitiriyorum.

We arrived at the same time.Ayn zamanda vardk.

Place: The preposition at is used in the following descriptions of place/position:Yer: At edat aadaki yer / konum durumlarnda kullanlr.

With specific places/points in space:Belirli yerler / noktalar ile:

She kept the horse at a nearby farm.At yakndaki bir iftlikte muhafaza etti.

I had a cup of coffee at Helen's (house/flat).Helen'de bir fincan kahve itim.

Angie's still at home.Angie hala evdedir.

I'll meet you at reception.Seni resepsiyonda karlayacam.

There's a man at the door.

Kapda bir adam var.

I saw her standing at the bus stop.Onu otobs duranda ayakta grdm.


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Turn right at the traffic lights.Iklarda saa dn.

The index is at the back of the book.Dizin kitabn arkasndadr

Write your name at the top of each page.sminizi her sayfann en stne yazn.

With public places and shops:Kamu yerleri ve dkkanlarla birlikte:

Jane's at the dentist/hairdresser.Jane diidedir / kuafrdedir.

I studied German at college/school/university.Kolejde / okulda / niversitede Almanca eitimi aldm.

Shall I meet you at the station?stasyonda bulualm m?

We bought some bread at the supermarket.Spermarketten biraz ekmek aldk.

With addresses:Adreslerle birlikte:

They live at 70, Duncombe Place.Duncombe Place, 70 numarada oturuyorlar.

With events:Olaylarla birlikte:

I met her at last year's conference.Onunla geen ylki konferansta tantm.

She wasn't at Simon's party.O, Simon'n partisinde yoktu.

Other:Dier:

At is used for showing specific temperatures, prices and speeds, etc.

At belirli scaklklar, fiyatlar, hzlar vs. anlatmak iin kullanlr.

Tickets are now on sale at 15 each.Biletlerimdi tanesi 15 'dan satlyor.

He denied driving at 110 miles per hour.Saatte 110 mil hz yaparak araba kullandn inkar etti.

And more generally to talk about the level or rate of something, e.g.:Ve genel olarak bireyin seviyesi ya da hz ile ilgili eyleri anlatmak zere kullanlr

Interest rates have stayed at this level for several months.Faiz oranlar bu seviyede aylardr duruyor.

The loan repayments are going up at an alarming rate.Bor geri demeleri endie verici dzeyde artyor.


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At is used to show when someone is a particular age:, e.g.:At bir kiinin belirli bir yata olduunu ifade ederken kullanlr

He began composing at the age of 5.Beste yapmaya be yanda balad.

She chose not to retire at 65.65 yanda emekli olmamay seti.

At is used to show that an activity is directed specifically towards someone or something:

At bir eylemin dorudan birine ya da bireye ynelik yapldn ifade etmek iin kullanlr

He is always shouting at the children.ocuklara her zaman baryor.

Jamie threw the ball at the wall.Jamie topu duvara att.

Why are you staring at her like that?Kza neden yle bakyorsun?

At is used to show the specific cause of a feeling or reaction:At bir duygunun ya da tepkinin belirli nedenini ifade etmek iin kullanlr

Audiences still laugh at her jokes.Seyirciler hala onun akalarna glyor.

We were rather surprised at the news.Haberler bizi olduka artmt.

In

Time: The preposition in is used in the following descriptions of time:Zaman: In edat aadaki zaman ifadelerinde kullanlr.

With months, years, seasons, and longer periods of time:Aylar, yllar, mevsimler ve daha uzun zaman periyotlar iin:

I was born in 1965.Ben 1965'te domuum.

We're going to visit them in May.Onlar Mays'ta ziyaret edeceiz.

The pool is closed in winter.Havuz kn kapaldr.

He was famous in the 1980's.O, 1980'lerde nlyd.

The play is set in the Middle Ages.Oyun Orta alarda geiyor.

They've done work for me in the past.Onlar gemite benim iin i yaptlar.

With periods of time during the day:Gn ierisinde zaman periyotlar iin:

He's leaving in the morning.O, sabah ayrlyor.


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She usually has a sleep in the afternoon(s).leden sonralar genellikle uyur.

I tried to work in the evening.Akam almay denedim.

To describe the amount of time needed to do something:Bireyi yapmak iin gereken zaman tariff etmek iin:

They managed to finish the job in two weeks.i iki haftada bitirmeyi becerdiler.

To indicate when something will happen in the future:Bireyin gelecekte gerekleeceini belirtmek iin:

She'll be ready in a few minutes.Birka dakika ierisinde hazr olacak.

He's gone away but he'll be back in a couple of days.Gitti ancak birka gn ierisinde geri dnecek.

Place: The preposition in is used in the following descriptions of place/position:Yer: In edat aadaki yer ifadelerinde kullanlr.

With geographical regions:Corafi blgelerle birlikte

Driving in England is harder.ngiltere'de araba kullanmak daha zordur.

Orgiva is a very small village in the mountains.

Orgiva dalar

n iinde kk bir kydr.With cities, towns and larger areas:Kentler, ehirler ve daha byk alanlarla birlikte

Do you like living in Nottingham?Nottingham'da yaamay seviyor musun?

They were having a picnic in the park.Parkta bir piknik yapyorlard.

She works somewhere in the toy department.Oyuncak blmnde bir yerde alyor.

With buildings/rooms and places that can be thought of as surrounding a person or object onall sides:Bir kiiyi ya da nesnenin her tarafn sard dnlebilen binalar/odalar ve yerlerle birlikte

Can you take a seat in the waiting room please?Bekleme odasnda oturabilir misiniz ltfen?

I've left my bag in the office.antam ofiste braktm.

There's a wedding in the church this afternoon.Kilisede bu akam bir dn var.

Lots of people were swimming in the lake.Pek ok insan glde yzyordu.


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John is in the water.John suyun iindedir.

With containers:Kaplarla::

There's fresh milk in the fridge.Buzdolabnda taze st var.

I think I've got a tissue in my pocket.

Sanrm cebimde kat mendil var.

The money is in the top drawer of my desk.Para benim masamn en st ekmecesindedir.

With liquids and other substances, to show what they contain:Svlar ve dier maddelerle birlikte, ne ierdiklerini ifade etmek iin

Do you take milk in your coffee?Kahvenize st alr msnz?

I can taste garlic in this sauce.Bu sosun iindeki sarmsan tadn alabiliyorum.

There's a lot of fat in cheese and butter.Peynirde ve tereyanda bolca ya var.

Other:Dier:

In is used to show movement towards the inside of a container, place or area:In bir kap, yer ya da alann iine doru yaplan hareketi ifade etmek iin kullanlr.

She put the letter back in her briefcase.Mektubu antasna geri koydu.

The farmer fired a few shots in the air.ifti havaya birka el ate etti.

In is used to show when something is part of something else:In bireyin, bir baka eyin paras olduunu ifade etmek iin kullanlr.

I've found one or two spelling mistakes in your essay.

Denemende bir ya da iki yazm hatas buldum.

Who's the little girl in the photograph?Fotoraftaki kk kz kim?

There are several valuable paintings in the collection.Bu koleksiyonda birka deerli tablo var.

In is used to show that someone is wearing something:In birinin birey giydiini ifade etmek iin kullanlr.

Do you know that girl in the black dress?Siyah elbiseli kz biliyor musun?

A man in a brown suit was walking towards her.Kahverengi takm elbiseli bir adam ona doru yryordu.


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In is used to show how things are arranged, expressed or written:In nesnelerin nasl dzenlendiini, ifade edildiini ya da yazldn ifade etmek iin kullanlr.

We gathered round in a circle.Bir daire eklinde toplandk.

Their names are given in alphabetical order.simleri alfabetik srada verilmiti.

She spoke to me in Spanish.

Benimle spanyolca konutu.

On:

Time: The preposition on is used in the following descriptions of time:Zaman: On edat aadaki zaman ifadelerinde kullanlr.

With days of the week, and parts of days of the week:Haftann gnleri ve haftann gnlerinin paralaryla birlikte:

I'll see you on Friday.

Seni Cuma gn grrm.

She usually works on Mondays.Pazartesileri genellikle alyor.

We're going to the theatre on Wednesday evening.aramba akam tiyatroya gidiyoruz.

(Note that in spoken English, on is often omitted in this context, e.g.: I'll see you Friday.)(Konuma dilinde, bu anlamda kullanldnda "on" genelde kullanlmaz, "I'll see you Friday"rneinde olduu gibi)

With dates:Tarihlerle birlikte:

The interview is on 29th April.Grme 29 Nisan'dadr.

He was born on February 14th 1995.14 ubat 1995'te domu.

With special days:

zel gnlerle:She was born on Valentine's day.Sevgililer Gn'nde domu.

We move house on Christmas Eve.Evi Noel Arefesinde tayoruz.

I have an exam on my birthday.Doum gnmde bir snavm var.

Place: The preposition on is used in the following descriptions of place/position:Yer: On edat aadaki yer/konum ifadelerinde kullanlr.

With surfaces, or things that can be thought of as surfaces:Yzeyler ya da yzey gibi dnlebilecek eylerle birlikte:


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The letter is on my desk.Mektup masamn zerindedir.

There was a beautiful painting on the wall.Duvarda ok gzel bir tablo vard.

The toy department is on the first floor.Oyuncak blm birinci kattadr.

Write the number down on a piece of paper.

Numaray bir kat parasnn zerine yaz.

You've got a dirty mark on your jumper.Kazann zerinde bir leke var.

He had a large spot on his nose.Burnunun stnde byk bir nokta var.

She placed her hand on my shoulder.Elini omzumun stne koydu.

Jean is on the floor.Jean zeminin stndedir.

With roads/streets, or other things that can be thought of as a line, e.g.: rivers:Caddelerle/sokaklarla, ya da bir doru eklinde dnlebilecek diereylerle birlikte

Debbie lives on Croft Lane.Debbie Croft Soka'nda yayor.

The bank is on the corner of King's Street.Banka King Soka'nn kesindedir.

Koblenz is on the Rhine.Koblenz Rhine'dadr.

Bournemouth is on the south coast.Bournemouth gney kysndadr.

It's the second turning on the left.Soldan ikinci dntedir.

Other:

Dier:

On is used to show movement in the direction of a surface:On, bir yzeyin ynnde hareketi ifade etmek iin kullanlr.

We could hear the rain falling on the roof.atya den yamurun sesini duyabiliyorduk.

I dropped my bags on the floor.antalarm yere drdm.

On is used to show when the surface of something accidentally hits or touches a part of the body:On bireyin yzeyi kazara vcudun bir parasna dediinde ya da arptnda kullanlr.

I cut my finger on a sharp knife.Parmam keskin bir bakla kestim.


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On is used to show that a part of someone's body is supporting their weight:On bir kimsenin vcudunu bir uzvu zerinde dengede tuttuunu ifade etmek iin kullanlr.

She was balancing on one leg.Tek ayann stnde dengede duruyordu.

He was on his hands and knees under the table.Masann altnda ellerinin ve dizlerinin stndeydi.

On is used to show that something is included in a list:

On bireyin bir listede olduunu ifade etmek iin kullanlr.

He's not on the list of suspects.pheliler listesinde o yok.

How many items are on the agenda?Ajandada ka madde var?

To:

1. In a direction toward so as to reach:

Ulamak zere bir yne doru anlamnda.

He went to the city.ehre gitti.

2. Towards:Bir tarafa doru.

She turned to me.Bana doru dnd.

3. Reaching as far as:Ulaabildii yere kadar

The ocean water was clear all the way to the bottom.Okyanus suyu dibe kadar tertemizdi.

4. To the extent or degree of:Bir seviye ya da dereceye kadar.

She loved him to distraction.Umutsuzca onu seviyordu.

5. With the resultant condition of:Bir biti durumu ile:

They nursed her back to health.Onu salkl haline geri kavuturdular.

6. Toward a given state:Verilen bir duruma doru.

He is helping minority women to economic equality.Ekonomik eitlik iin aznlk kadnlarna yardm ediyor.

7. In contact with; against:Temas halinde, dayanr halde

Their faces pressed to the windows.Yzleri camlara yapt.


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8. In front of:nnde

They stood face to face.Yz yze ayakta durdular.

9. Used to indicate appropriation or possession:Uygunluk ya da sahiplik iin

She looked for the top to the jar.Kavanoza kadar yukar bakt.

10. Concerning; regarding:lgili olarak

I am waiting for an answer to my letter.Mektubumla ilgili olarak bir cevap bekliyorum.

12.As an accompaniment or a complement of:Uygun ya da tamamlayc olarak

She danced to the tune.Mzie uygun dans etti.

13. Composing; constituting:Oluturmak

Two bottles to a liter.ki ie bir litre ediyor.

15. As compared with:

Kar

lat

rmaIt is a book superior to his others.Dier kitaplarna gre daha stn bir kitaptr.

Under:

1. Directly below or underneath the base of somethingBireyin tabann dorudan altnda

He is under the car.O, arabann altndadr.

2. Beneath a layer of somethingBir tabakann altnda

He had two sweaters on under his jacket.Ceketinin altnda iki kazak vard.

3. Fewer in number than or less than something, for example, in age, quantity, size, or priceBir seviyenin ya da lnn (ya, miktar, byklk ve fiyat gibi) altnda olmak.

By the age of sixteen she was still under 1.60.

O, onalt yanda hala 1.60'ndayd.

4. Lower in rank or status than somebodyMakam ya da konum olarak aada olmak


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I was under him in the company hierarchy.Ben irket hiyerarisinde onun altndaydm.

Before:

1. In the presence of a person or body of peopleBir kii ya da topluluun huzurunda

She spoke before a huge crowd yesterday.Dn dev bir kalabaln huzurunda konutu.

2. Preposition with more importance than: indicating that one thing is preferable to or more importantthan anotherBireyin bir dierine tercih edilebilecei, nceliinin yksek olduunu belirtir

Their needs come before yours.Onun ihtiyalar seninkinden once gelir.

3. Under the consideration or jurisdiction of:Dikkati zerinde ya da yargs altnda

The case is now before the court.Dava imdi mahkeme nnde.

4. Preposition earlier: earlier than a particular date, time, or eventZaman olarak bireyden daha nce

Before the meeting, Kristen developed the pictures of the project.Toplantdan once Kristen projenin resimlerini gelitirdi.

After:

1. Behind in place or order:Yer ya da sra olarak geride

Z comes after Y in the alphabet.Z alfabede Y'den sonra gelir.

2. In quest or pursuit of:Hedef, takip anlam. Peinde olmak

She seeks after fame

O hret peindedir.

3. Subsequent in time to; at a later time than:Zaman olarak daha sonra

This is his tooth after the treatment.Bu onun tedaviden sonraki diidir.

4. With the same or close to the same name as; in honor or commemoration of:Onurlandrma ya da anma amacyla ayn ismi alm olmak

He is named after her mother.Annesinin adn tayor.

5. Concerning:lgilenmek, bakmak


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He looks after me.Bana bakyor.

Behind:

1. Preposition at the back of: in or toward a position further back or at the rear of something:Bireyin gerisinde, arkasnda olmak

The mouse is behind the black ball.

Fare siyah topun arkasnda

2. Preposition following: following somebody or something:Birini ya da bireyi takip etmek, birinin peinde olmak

The police were hard behind the escapees.Polis kaaklarn sk birekilde peindeydi

3. Preposition in the past: indicates that an achievement or experience happened in the past:Baz olaylarn gemite gereklemi olmas

My best days are behind me.En gzel gnlerim arkamda kald

4. Preposition late: indicates that something is not as far advanced as it should be:Bireyin olmas gerekenden ge kalm olmas, arkada olmak

They are seven weeks behind scheduleOnlar plann yedi hafta gerisinde

5. Preposition causing something: causing or being responsible for somethingBireye neden olmak, "arkasnda yatmak"

The reason behind it.Arkasnda yatan sebep

6. Preposition supporting somebody: backing or supporting somebody:Desteklemek, arkasnda olmak

I'm behind you all the way on this issue.Bu konuda tamamen arkandaym

7. Preposition underneath: underneath the external appearance of somebody or something:D grnn altnda, arkasnda "yatan"

Behind his calm exterior, he was very confusedSoukkanl grnne ramen, kafas ok karmt

For:

1. Used to indicate the object, aim, or purpose of an action or activity:Bir nesne, eylem ya da etkinliini, amacn belirtmek iin kullanlr

Perfume for men.Erkekler iin parfm

2. Used to indicate the object of a desire, intention, or perception:Bir tutku ya da istein ynn ifade etmek iin kullanlr

He is eager for success.O baar iin heveslidir.


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3. Used to indicate the recipient or beneficiary of an action:Bir eylemin alcsn ya da eylemden faydalacak olan ifade etmek iin kullanlr

She prepared lunch for us.Bizim iin le yemei hazrlad.

4. Used to indicate equivalence or equality:Eitlik, edeerlik ifade etmek iin kullanlr

he paid ten dollars for a ticket

Bir bllet iin on dolar dedi

5. Used to indicate amount, extent, or duration:Miktar, sre belirtmek iin kullanlr.

He walked for milesO millerce yrd.

She stood in line for an hourO, srada bir saat bekledi.

Beneath:1. Lower than; below:Altnda, alak

A drawer beneath a cabinet.Dolabn altnda bir ekmece

2. Covered or concealed by:Birey tarafndan rtlm, altnda kalm

The earth lay beneath a blanket of snow.Yeryz kardan bir battaniyenin altnda kalmt

Besides:

1.At the side of; next to.Yannda

He can stand beside the deskO, masann yannda durabilir.

2. In comparison with:Bireyle karlatrldnda, bireylerin yannda

A proposal that seems quite reasonable beside the others.Dierlerinin yannda olduka makul bir teklif

Between:

1. In or through the position or interval separating:ki eyi ayran boluun iinde

There is a canvas between the trees.Aalarn arasnda bir pankart vardr.

2. Intermediate to, as in quantity, amount, or degree:Miktar, adet ya da derece olarak arada olmak


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It costs between 15 and 20 dollars.15 ile 20 dolar aras tutuyor.

3. Connecting spatially:ki eyi birletiren, iki eyin arasnda

There is a railroad between the two cities.ki ehrin arasnda bir trenyolu vardr.

4.Associating or uniting in a reciprocal action or relationship:

Kalkl bir ilikiyi ifade eder

There was an agreement between workers and management.iler ile ynetim arasnda bir anlama vard.

Into:

1. To the inside or interior of:ine, ya da iinde

He went into the house.

Evin iine gitti.

2. To the activity or occupation of:Bir etkinlie ya da ie ynelme, girme

Recent college graduates who go into banking are happy.Bankacla ynelen yeni niversite mezunlar mutlular.

3. To the condition, state, or form of:Bir duruma ya da biime doru

There were dishes breaking into pieces.Paralara ayrlan tabaklar vard.

4. In the direction of; toward:Ynne doru

He pointed into the sky.O, gkyzne doru iaret etti

Through:

1. In one side and out the opposite or another side of:Bir ynden iine girip baka bir ynden dna kmak

He went through the fire.O, atein iinden geti

2.Among or between; in the midst of:Arasnda, iinde

We made a walk through the flowers.ieklerin iinde/arasnda bir yry yaptk.

3. By way of:Yoluyla, zerinden araclyla

He climbed in through the window.O, pencere yoluyla trmanm.


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4. By the means or agency of:Araclyla

He bought the antique vase through a dealer.Antika vazoyu bir satc araclyla satn ald.

5. Into and out of the handling, care, processing, modification, or consideration of:leme tabi tutulmak, zerinden gemek

Her application went through our office.

Onun bavurusu bizim ofisimiz zerinden geti.

6. From the beginning to the end of:Bandan sonuna kadar, boyunca

He stayed up through the night.O, gece boyunca (gecenin bandan sonuna kadar) kald.

7.At or to the end of; done or finished with, especially successfully:Bir srecin sonuna gelmek (genellikle baarl olunduunda kullanlr)

We are through the initial testing period.lk test dneminin sonundayz.

8. Up to and including:-e kadar ve o da dahil anlamnda

It is a play that runs through DecemberO, Arala kadar (Aralk dahil) oynayan bir oyundur (tiyatro oyunudur).

9. Past and without stopping for:Gemek ve durmamak

He drove through a red light.Bir krmzkta (durmadan) geip gitti

10. Because of; on account of:Sebebiyle, yoluyla, sayesinde

She succeeded through hard work.ok almas sayesinde (yoluyla) baarl oldu.

Off:

1. So as to be removed or distant from:Ayrlmak, uzaa gitmek

The bird hopped off the branch.Ku daldan srad/ayrld.

2.Away or relieved from:Uzaklam, yapt bireyi yapmay brakm

He is off duty.O, grev ddr (grev verilmeyen).

3. By consuming:Tketerek

It's living off locusts and honey.O ekirge ve bal tketerek yayor.


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4. Extending or branching out from:Bireyden dar kan ya da bireyden uzayan

It is an artery off the heart.O, kalpten kan bir atardamardr.

5. Not up to the usual standard of:Allm standardndan kt

He is off his game.(Oyuncunun performans her zamankinden dkse) O, kt oynuyor.

Over:

1. In or at a position above or higher than:stnde ya da yksek

He is running over the hill.Tepenin stnde kouyor

2.Above and across from one end or side to the other:Bir ucundan bir ucuna ve stnden

He made a jump over the fence.itin stnden bir sray gerekletirdi.

3. On the other side of:teki tarafnda.

It is a village over the border.O, snrn teki tarafnda bir kydr.

4. Upon the surface of:Bir yzeyin zerine.

He put a coat of varnish over the woodwork.Ahapn zerine bir tabaka vernik srd.

5. Through the medium of; via:Bir ara araclyla, bir ara zerinden.

I can't tell you over the phone.Size telefonda (telefon zerinde) anlatamam

6. Up to or higher than the level or height of:Bireyle ayn ya da ondan daha yksek.

The water was over my shoulders.Su omuzlarmn stne geliyordu.

7. Through the period or duration of:Bir dnem, zaman dilimi sresince, boyunca.

Those records were maintained over two years.

O kaytlar iki yl boyunca sakland.

8. More than in degree, quantity, or extent:l, miktar ve kapsam olarak daha fazla.


17/23

Road is over ten miles.Yol on milden fazla.

9. In a position to rule or control:Ynetme ya da stnlk durumunda olma.

There is no one over him in the department.Departmanda (yetki olarak) onun zerinde kimse yok.

10. With reference to; concerning:

Bir konu ile ilgili olarak, bir konu zerine.

There was an argument over methods.Yntemler zerine bir tartma vard.

Across:

1. On, at, or from the other side of:Bireyin kar tarafnda(n)

Grocery is across the street.

Manav sokan kar tarafndadr.

2. So as to cross; through:Boyunca.

He drew lines across the paper.Kat boyunca izgiler izdi.

3. From one side of to the other:Bir ucundan bir ucuna.

It was a bridge across a river.Bir nehrin bir ucundan bir ucuna bir kpryd

4. Into contact with:Temasa gemek, karlamak, rastlamak.

I came across my old roommate.Eski oda arkadama rastladm.

Except:

With the exclusion of; other than; but:Birey dnda, bireyin haricinde..

He likes everyone except me.Benim dmda herkesi seviyor.

About:

1. In the vicinity of; around:Bireyin komuluunda, etrafnda.

She explored the rivers and streams about the estate.Arazinin etrafndaki nehirleri ve dereleri kefetti.

2. In reference to; relating to; concerned with:lgili olarak, hakknda.


18/23

It is a book about snakes.O, ylanlar hakknda bir kitaptr.

3. In the act or process of:Bir eylem ya da sre ierisinde iken.

While you're about it, please clean your room.O ile urayorken ltfen odan temizle.

Without:

1. Not having; lacking:-siz, -sz. Bireye sahip olmama durumu.

They are a family without a car.Onlar arabasz bir aile.

2. Not accompanied by; in the absence of:Bireyin eksiklii durumu, birey olmakszn.

He spoke without thinking.

O, dnmeden (dnmeksizin) konutu.

Toward:

1. In the direction of:Ynne doru, -e doru.

He was driving toward home.Eve doru (araba) sryordu.

2. In a position facing:

Bireyin yz bir yne doru.

He had his back toward me.Arkasn bana dnmt.

3. With regard to; in relation to:Bireye ilikin, bireyle ilgili olarak.

It is an optimistic attitude toward the future.Bu, gelecee ilikin iyimser bir gr.

4. By way of achieving; with a view to:Bireyin baarlmasna ynelik.

There are afforts toward peace.Bara ynelik giriimler var.

Against:

1. In a direction or course opposite to:Bireye kar, zt

We were rowing against the current.Akntya (kar) krek ekiyorduk.

2. In contact with so as to rest or press on:Bireye deecek ekilde.


19/23

He is pushing against the wall.Duvara deecek ekilde dayanyor.

3. In hostile opposition or resistance to:Bireye kar mcadele.

This is a struggle against fate.Bu kadere kar bir mcadeledir.

4. In preparation for; in anticipation of:

Bireyin beklentisi sonucu, bireye hazrlk olarak.

We have food stored against winter.K iin depolanan yiyeceklerimiz var.

5.As a defense or safeguard from:Bireye kar savunma olarak.

It supplies protection against the cold.Soua kar koruma salyor.

During:1. Throughout the course or duration of:Bir sre boyunca, esnasnda, srasnda.

We suffered food shortages during the war.Sava srasnda yiyecek ktlklar yaadk.

2.At some time in:Bir srecin iinde bir noktada.

He was born during a blizzard.Bir kar frtnasnda domu.

Untill:

1. Up to the time of:Bir zamana kadar.

We danced until dawn.afaa kadar dans ettik.

2. Before (a specified time):(Belirli) bir zamandan nce

She can't leave until Friday.Cuma'ya kadar ayrlamaz.

By:

1. Close to; next to:Yakn, yannda.

It is the window by the door.O, kapya yakn (kapnn yanndaki) penceredir.

2. With the use or help of; through:Birey yardmyla, vastasyla, zerinden.


20/23

We came by the back road.Yol vastasyla geri dndk.

3. Not later than:Belirli bir saatten daha ge olmamak zere.

You should be here by 5:30 P.M.17:30'dan daha ge olmamak zere burada olmalsn.

4. To the extent of:

Bireyin kapsam, ne kadar olduu.

He was shorter by two inches.O iki santim daha ksayd. (Burada ksa olmann lsnn 2 santim olduunu anlatyor)

5.According to:Bireye gre.

She played by the rules.O kurallara gore oynad.

6. Through the agency or action of:Birey ya da eylem vastasyla.

He was killed by a bullet.O, bir mermi ile ldrld.

7. Used to indicate a succession of specified individuals, groups, or quantities:-er -er. Bireylerin ya da eylerin ardk olarak bireye maruz kalmas, bireyi yapmas.

One by one they left.Birer birer terk ettiler.

Used in multiplication and division:arpmada kullanlr.

Multiply 4 by 6 to get 24.4 ve 6'y arparsak 24 elde ederiz.

9. Used with measurements:lmlerde kullanlr.

It was a room 12 by 18 feet.12 adma 18 adm bir odayd.

In front of:

1. Facing someone or a group:Bir kiinin ya da topluluun nnde.

He was shy about speaking in front of a large audience.Byk bir topluluun nnde konuma konusunda ekingendi.

2. In someone's presence:Bir kiinin huzurunda, nnde.

Let's not fight in front of the children.ocuklarn nnde tartmayalm.

Among:


21/23

1. In the midst of; surrounded by:Ortasnda, evrili

It was a pine tree among cedars.Sedirlerin arasnda bir am aacyd.

2. In the group, number, or class of:Bir snfta, grupta, onlardan biri.

She is among the wealthy.

O zenginler arasnda (onlardan biri anlamnda).

3. In the company of; in association with:Birilerine elik etmek, birlikte hareket etmek.

She is traveling among a group of tourists.Bir grup turistle birlikte seyahat ediyor.

4. Each with the other:Karlkl olarak, aranzda.

Don't fight among yourselves.(Birbirinizle) Kendi aranzda kavga etmeyin.

Since:

Continuously from:Bir andan beri sregele, beri.

They have been friends since childhood.ocukluktan beri arkadalar.

From:1. Used to indicate a specified place or time as a starting point:Bir yer ya da zaman balang noktas olarak belirtmek iin kullanlr.

She walked home from the station.stasyondan eve kadar yrd.

I'm here from six o'clock on.Saat altdan beri buradaym.

2. Used to indicate a specified point as the first of two limits:ki u noktadan balangc gstermek iin.

From grades four to six.Notlar drtten altya kadardr.

3. Used to indicate a source, cause, agent, or instrument:Bir kaynak, sebep, vasta ya da arac belirtir.

It was a note from the teacher.retmenden gelen bir nottu (kaynak anlamnda).

4. Used to indicate separation, removal, or exclusion:Bireyden ayrmak, bireyi ortadan kaldrmak.

Liberation from bondage.Klelikten kurtulmak


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5. Because of:Sebebiyle, bireyden kaynaklanarak.

He was fainted from hunger.Alktan bilincini yitirmek zereydi.

Within:

1. In the inner part or parts of; inside: ksmlarda, iinde

There was a resentment seething within him.inde kaynayan bir kzgnlk vard.

2. Inside the limits or extent of in time or distance:Zaman ya da mekan olarak belli snrlar iinde

Supermarket was within ten miles of home.Market eve on mil mesafedeydi (evin on millik evresi ierisinde)

3. Inside the fixed limits of; not beyond:

Belli limitler ierisinde, daha fazla deil.

She was living within her income.Kendi geliri ile yayordu (daha fazla harcamyordu).

Inside:

1. Within:erisinde

We'll be there inside an hour.

Bir saat ierisinde orada olacaz.

2. On the inner side or part of: ksmnda ya da bir paras.

There is a gift inside the package.Paketin ierisinde bir hediye var.

3. Into the interior of:inde doru.

He went inside the house.Evin iine girdi.

Above:

1. Over or higher than:stnde ya da daha stte.

He is holding the TV above his head.Televizyonu bann stnde tutuyor.

2. Superior to in rank, position, or number; greater than:stte tutmak, daha fazla deer vermek

Put principles above expediency.lkeleri karlarn stnde tutunuz.


23/23

3. More than:Bireyden fazla.

It is above normal temperature.Normal scakln stnde.

4. North of:Kuzeyinde.

Minnesota is above Iowa.

Minnesota Iowa'nn kuzeyindedir.

Below:

1. Underneath; beneath.Altnda, aasnda.

There's a cat below window.Pencerenin altnda bir kedi var.

2. South of:

Gneyinde

Guatemala is below Mexico.Guatemala, Meksika'nn gneyindedir..

3. Unsuitable to the rank or dignity of:Arballa ya da konuma uygun dmeyen.

Such petty behavior is below me.Byle kt bir davran bana uygun deil.

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