Preparing Students for Critical Thinking: Accessing and ... Critical Thinking I Slide 1 Critical Thinking

Preparing Students for Critical Thinking: Accessing and Appraising Biomedical Evidence

Larry D. Crouch PhD College of Dentistry

University of Nebraska Medical Center

D1 year Critical Thinking II Critical Thinking III

Fall SummerSpring

Critical Thinking I

UNMC College of Dentistry ADEA CCI Project

“Increasing Critical Thinking Opportunities in the D1 Biomedical Sciences”

Critical Thinking I – tools for critical thinking, accessing and appraising biomedical literature

Critical Thinking II – argument, reasoning, bias, fallacies; concept mapping, decision algorithms

Critical Thinking III – integrated biomedical science PBL course where students work through case-based scenarios

Critical Thinking I

1Slide

Critical Thinking I

1. Orientation & expectations 2. Conduct and academic integrity 3. Review yourself to success 4. Medical terminology: Its logic 5. Medical terminology: Prefixes 6. Medical terminology: Suffixes 7. Standards and competencies 8. Core concepts in statistics 9. The nature of evidence 10. The end of know-it-all-ism 11. Introduction to PubMed 12. Refining a PubMed search I 13. Refining a PubMed search II 14. Not all studies are equivalent 15. Hierarchy of evidence I 16. Hierarchy of evidence II 17. The power of the placebo 18. Not all publications/journals

are equivalent 19. Using UNMC / UNL libraries 20. Appraising a research article I 21. Appraising a research article II 22. Formulating a PICO question I 23. Formulating a PICO question II 24. Finding the evidence I 25. Finding the evidence II 26. Finding the evidence III 27. Finding the evidence IV 28. Evidence-based clinical practice

OB 535 CTI LM A(2): 6 slide total

• Accessing and appraising biomedical literature

• 28 learning modules

• Delivered online via Blackboard

• Modules take 15-30 minutes to complete

• PLUS most modules have an active learning component that requires additional time

• Learn it, use it

Critical Thinking I

1Slide

1. Orientation and expectations Critical Thinking I 1. Orientation & expectations 2. Conduct and academic integrity 3. Review yourself to success 4. Medical terminology: Its logic 5. Medical terminology: Prefixes 6. Medical terminology: Suffixes 7. Standards and competencies 8. Core concepts in statistics 9. The nature of evidence 10. The end of know-it-all-ism 11. Introduction to PubMed 12. Refining a PubMed search I 13. Refining a PubMed search II 14. Not all studies are equivalent 15. Hierarchy of evidence I 16. Hierarchy of evidence II 17. The power of the placebo 18. Not all publications/journals

are equivalent 19. Using UNMC / UNL libraries 20. Appraising a research article I 21. Appraising a research article II 22. Formulating a PICO question I 23. Formulating a PICO question II 24. Finding the evidence I 25. Finding the evidence II 26. Finding the evidence III 27. Finding the evidence IV 28. Evidence-based clinical practice

OB 535 CTI LM A(2): 6 slide total

• Several websites contain information regarding the impact of nutritional supplements on health and disease. Antioxidants, in particular, have attracted a great of attention for the past several years. As an example, go to this web site to read what it says about select antioxidants and cardiovascular health: Quantum Health

• Using whatever internet search engine or database you prefer, perform a search regarding antioxidants and cardiovascular health. Quickly look over three of the sources of information that your search identified.

Critical Thinking I

1Slide

1. Orientation and expectations

OB 535 CTI LM A(2): 6 slide total

Critical Thinking I

1. Orientation & expectations 2. Conduct and academic integrity 3. Review yourself to success 4. Medical terminology: Its logic 5. Medical terminology: Prefixes 6. Medical terminology: Suffixes 7. Standards and competencies 8. Core concepts in statistics 9. The nature of evidence 10. The end of know-it-all-ism 11. Introduction to PubMed 12. Refining a PubMed search I 13. Refining a PubMed search II 14. Not all studies are equivalent 15. Hierarchy of evidence I 16. Hierarchy of evidence II 17. The power of the placebo 18. Not all publications/journals

are equivalent 19. Using UNMC / UNL libraries 20. Appraising a research article I 21. Appraising a research article II 22. Formulating a PICO question I 23. Formulating a PICO question II 24. Finding the evidence I 25. Finding the evidence II 26. Finding the evidence III 27. Finding the evidence IV 28. Evidence-based clinical practice

Critical Thinking I

1. Orientation and expectations

% of students using each

search engine

Critical Thinking I

1. Orientation & expectations 2. Conduct and academic integrity 3. Review yourself to success 4. Medical terminology: Its logic 5. Medical terminology: Prefixes 6. Medical terminology: Suffixes 7. Standards and competencies 8. Core concepts in statistics 9. The nature of evidence 10. The end of know-it-all-ism 11. Introduction to PubMed 12. Refining a PubMed search I 13. Refining a PubMed search II 14. Not all studies are equivalent 15. Hierarchy of evidence I 16. Hierarchy of evidence II 17. The power of the placebo 18. Not all publications/journals

are equivalent 19. Using UNMC / UNL libraries 20. Appraising a research article I 21. Appraising a research article II 22. Formulating a PICO question I 23. Formulating a PICO question II 24. Finding the evidence I 25. Finding the evidence II 26. Finding the evidence III 27. Finding the evidence IV 28. Evidence-based clinical practice

0 %

50 %

100 % 87%

Google

4.3%

Yahoo

2.2%

Foxfire

6.5%

PubMed

• Interestingly, 98% said they knew of PubMed

• 76% claimed to have used PubMed “extensively”

Critical Thinking I

1. Orientation and expectations Critical Thinking I 1. Orientation & expectations 2. Conduct and academic integrity 3. Review yourself to success 4. Medical terminology: Its logic 5. Medical terminology: Prefixes 6. Medical terminology: Suffixes 7. Standards and competencies 8. Core concepts in statistics 9. The nature of evidence 10. The end of know-it-all-ism 11. Introduction to PubMed 12. Refining a PubMed search I 13. Refining a PubMed search II 14. Not all studies are equivalent 15. Hierarchy of evidence I 16. Hierarchy of evidence II 17. The power of the placebo 18. Not all publications/journals

are equivalent 19. Using UNMC / UNL libraries 20. Appraising a research article I 21. Appraising a research article II 22. Formulating a PICO question I 23. Formulating a PICO question II 24. Finding the evidence I 25. Finding the evidence II 26. Finding the evidence III 27. Finding the evidence IV 28. Evidence-based clinical practice

• 48% stated the evidence they found supported the claim • 52% stated the evidence they found did not support the claim

• 98% used Wikipedia as a primary source of information

• Other primary sources were:

HeartMart NutraIngredients WikiHealth GoogleHealth WebMD Cleveland Clinic Newsletter

Critical Thinking I

Critical Thinking I

1. Orientation & expectations 2. Conduct and academic integrity 3. Review yourself to success 4. Medical terminology: Its logic 5. Medical terminology: Prefixes 6. Medical terminology: Suffixes 7. Standards and competencies 8. Core concepts in statistics 9. The nature of evidence 10. The end of know-it-all-ism 11. Introduction to PubMed 12. Refining a PubMed search I 13. Refining a PubMed search II 14. Not all studies are equivalent 15. Hierarchy of evidence I 16. Hierarchy of evidence II 17. The power of the placebo 18. Not all publications/journals

are equivalent 19. Using UNMC / UNL libraries 20. Appraising a research article I 21. Appraising a research article II 22. Formulating a PICO question I 23. Formulating a PICO question II 24. Finding the evidence I 25. Finding the evidence II 26. Finding the evidence III 27. Finding the evidence IV 28. Evidence-based clinical practice

9. The nature of evidence

Critical Thinking I

“Extraordinary claims require extraordinary

proof!”

Critical Thinking I

1. Orientation & expectations 2. Conduct and academic integrity 3. Review yourself to success 4. Medical terminology: Its logic 5. Medical terminology: Prefixes 6. Medical terminology: Suffixes 7. Standards and competencies 8. Core concepts in statistics 9. The nature of evidence 10. The end of know-it-all-ism 11. Introduction to PubMed 12. Refining a PubMed search I 13. Refining a PubMed search II 14. Not all studies are equivalent 15. Hierarchy of evidence I 16. Hierarchy of evidence II 17. The power of the placebo 18. Not all publications/journals

are equivalent 19. Using UNMC / UNL libraries 20. Appraising a research article I 21. Appraising a research article II 22. Formulating a PICO question I 23. Formulating a PICO question II 24. Finding the evidence I 25. Finding the evidence II 26. Finding the evidence III 27. Finding the evidence IV 28. Evidence-based clinical practice

Critical Thinking I

Critical Thinking I

1. Orientation & expectations 2. Conduct and academic integrity 3. Revie