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The Emergence of The Emergence of CivilizationCivilization

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Objective:Objective:Describe how anthropologists, Describe how anthropologists, archaeologists, historians and archaeologists, historians and geographers study prehistory.geographers study prehistory.Identify the major achievements of Identify the major achievements of Neanderthal and Cro-Magnon peoples.Neanderthal and Cro-Magnon peoples.Explain the important changes caused Explain the important changes caused by the Neolithic agricultural by the Neolithic agricultural revolution.revolution.

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WHY DO I Even WHY DO I Even Care!?!?Care!?!?

As each moment passes it As each moment passes it becomes history: we all live IN becomes history: we all live IN and BY history. and BY history. We all are making history even We all are making history even nownow

Prehistoric PeoplesDiscovering the past

Prehistoric PeoplesDiscovering the past

•What is Prehistory?

Prehistoric PeoplesDiscovering the past

•History - the record of events since people first developed writing, about 5,000 years ago

Prehistoric PeoplesDiscovering the past

•PreHistory - The period of time before writing was developed

Prehistoric PeoplesDiscovering the past

•How Do We Study It?

Prehistoric PeoplesDiscovering the past

Prehistoric PeoplesDiscovering the past

Anthropologists:Using scientific methods,

they study hominids, human and human like

creatures

Prehistoric PeoplesDiscovering the past

•Who Does the Digging and Discovering?

Prehistoric PeoplesDiscovering the past

Archaeologist

Prehistoric PeoplesDiscovering the past

What is Archaeology?

Archaeologist do not....

So what is archaeology?

• The systematic, scientific recovery and analysis of artifacts in order to answer questions about past human culture and behavior.

Archaeologist

• By studying artifacts and using their knowledge of geography and climate they make educated guesses about that hominid’s culture.

• Culture is a set of beliefs, knowledge, and patterns of living that a group develops.

First Major Discovery• Donald Johanson discovered a 3 million year-old hominid

skeleton in Ethiopia in 1974.

Meet Lucy

Lucy

“How far away from Lucy did you find the knee?” (The knee bones were actually discovered about a year earlier than the rest of Lucy). Dr. Johanson answered (reluctantly) about 200 feet lower and two to three kilometers away (about 1.5 miles).