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Pravin KolheExecutive Engineer, Water Resources Department, Govt. of Maharashtra

15 April 2018, ICID Workshop, Beijing, China

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Constitution of India, 7th Schedule, List II

(STATE SUBJECT)

• Water including irrigation & canal, drainage and embankments, water storage and water power

Constitution of India, 7th Schedule, List I

(CENTRAL SUBJECT)

• Regulation and development of inter-State rivers and river valleys to the extent to which such regulation and development under the control of the Union is declared by Parliament by law to be expedient in the public interest.

• India has 29 States and 7 Union Territory Areas

• As per the Constitution of India, India is an "Union of States“ with State &

Central Government in Power.

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MoWR, GoI

State Government

Local Self Governments

MoWR

• Policy Matters

• Interstate Rivers / Projects

State Govt

• Water Resources Department

• Ground Water Board

LSG

• Projects having Irrigable Command less than 100 ha

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• Receives Only 4% (4000BCM) water, of which available is 1869 BCM

• Of Which utilizable water is 1123BCM (Surface=690 & Ground=433)

• On which 2.45% land and 17.5% population of world is dependent

• Only 4% (163.82 cubic km) of that belongs to Maharashtra

• Of which 77% (125.94 cubic km) is available as per WDT awards

• Ground Water Resource is 33.8 cubic km

• On which 9.4% land & 9.3% population of India is dependent.

• 70% surface of earth is covered with water.

• Out of which 3% is Fresh Water

• Out of which, 0.3% is Surface Water

• Out of which, 2% is available in RiversDelhi

Mumbai

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Area = 30.77 million ha

• 9.4% of India

• ~ area of Italy (30.10 mha)

Population of State = 115 million

• 9.3% of India

• ~ population of Mexico (127 million)

GDP = $370 billion

• 14.5% of India

• ~GDP of United Arab Emirates ($378 billion)

Water Availability = 164 cub km

• 4% of India

• ~Water available in UK

Source: Wikipedia

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४५% पाणी, ९२% लागवडीयोग्य जमीन,

Krishna Basin

(16,818 Mcum, 13%)

Godavari Basin

(34,185 Mcum, 27%)

Narmada Basin

(308 Mcum, 0.1%) ४५% पाणी, ९२% लागवडीयोग्य जमीन, ४५% पाणी, ९२%

लागवडीयोग्य जमीन, 45% water,

92% cultivable land

Riv

er

Ba

sins

West Flowing Rivers(69,210 Mcum, 55%)

Tapi Basin

(5415 Mcum, 4%)

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Sr.

No.

Name of the

River Basin

Geographi

cal Area

(Mha)

% of

State's

Cultura

ble

Area

(Mha)

Culturab

le Area

(Mha)

Average

Annual

availabilit

y

75%

dependa

ble Yield

(MCM)

%

w.r.t.

State

Permissibl

e use as

per

Tribunals

(Mcm)

1 Godawari 15.43 49.5 11.25 50880 37300 28.35 34185

2 Tapi 5.12 16.7 3.73 9118 6977 5.3 5415

3 Narmada 0.16 0.5 0.03 580 315 0.24 308

4 Krishna 7.01 22.6 5.63 34032 28371 21.56 16818

5 West Flowing

Rivers

3.16 10.7 1.86 69210 58599 44.55 69210

Maharashtra 30.88 100 22.5 163820 131562 100 125936

10 Water Availability in Maharashtra

Category Per ha. Availability Areal Distribution Highly Deficit Less than 1500 m3 Deficit 1500 m3 to 3000 m3 Normal 3000 m3 to 8000 m3 Abundant 8000 m3 to 12000 m3 Highly Abundant More than 12000 m3

• Ahmednagar• Beed

• Latur

• Aurangabad

• Buldhana

• Pune

• Satara

• Osmanabad

• Solapur

• Sangli• Kolhapur

• Nasik

• Dhule

• Nandurbar

• Akola

• Amravati• Nagpur

• Bhandara

• Chandrapur

• Gadchiroli

•Wardha

• Yeotmal

•Washim

• Jalna

• Nanded

• Jalgaon

• Parbhani• Thane

Mumbai

• Raigad

• Ratnagiri

• Sindhudurg

• Gondia

10.50%

32.00%

30.00%

7.00%

20.50%

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13%3%

2%

82%

Water Use at State Level

Drinking

Industries

Power Generation

Irrigation

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• Maharashtra Krishna Valley Development Corporation, Pune (1996)

• Vidarbha Irrigation Development Corporation, Nagpur (1997)

• Tapi Irrigation Development Corporation, Jalgaon (1998)

• Konkan Irrigation Development Corporation, Thane. (1998)

• Godavari Marathwada Irrigation Development Corporation, Aurangabad. (1998)

• Construction and Management of Irrigation Projects is done by IDC’s.

• Recovery of O&M from Revenue of I & NI is expected

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Hydro Projects:

Installed Capacity = 3600 MW

Small Hydro Policy – PPP Based Projects upto 25MW

Koyna Hydro Project

◼ 1960 MW

◼ Lake Tapping

Ghatghar Hydro Project

◼ Reversible Turbines

◼ Roller Compacted Concrete Dam

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Costal Area = 720 km length

Issues = Salt water intrusion

Works of KharbhumiProtection Works

Small Embankments

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DIRD- Established in 1916

Study of Water logging and land reclamation works

Study of soil Salanity

Irrigation Research

Monitoring Ground Water in command Area

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Micro-Irrigation & PIN

Policy & Legal Framework

ICT – RTDSS & Drone

Water Resources Management

Reforms

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Bombay Irrigation Act, 1879

Bombay Canal Rules, 1935

Maharashtra Irrigation Act, 1976 Provisions for supply of water and

recovery of charges

Penal provisions for theft of water & damage to irrigation infrastructure

Irrigation Development Corporation Acts (5 No’s)

MMISF Act, 2005 & Rules, 2006: Participatory Irrigation Management

MWRRA Act, 2005 – MWRRA –Apex Quassi-Judisial Body Clearance of Projects wrt ISWP

Water Entitlements for Drinking & Industrial Use

Volumetric water tariff for I & NI water use

Telescoping Rate structure for NI Use

Dispute Resolution

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As per NWP & SWP-Basin development approach

Integrated multi-disciplinary approach: Geography, demography, Topography, Soils, Geology, Hydrogeology, Agriculture,

Hydrology and hydrometeorology, Irrigation, Water Conservation, drinking water, Industrial use, Import and export of water into / outside basin, Environment (water quality, sanitation), Hydro power, Ground water, Natural disasters (flood, seismicity, droughts), Legal (inter State agreements, Tribunals)

Involvement of all stakeholders (Government Organizations, Farmers, Industries etc.)

Demand and supply for present and future

Ecological needs

5 River Basins – ISWP Ready for Godavari & Krishna Basin

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Tank and Well Irrigation – ‘Bara Motechi Vihir’ (Satara), MalgujariTanks (Bhandara)

Nira, Khadakwasala, GodawariIrrigation System (1885 to 1930)

Canals and Water Aqueduct

Post-Independence Development (After 1947) – Ujjani, Jayakwadi, Gosikhurd

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Water Resources

Department (WRD) ICA >

250 Ha

Major Projects =

ICA >

10,000 Ha

Medium Projects =

ICA 2,000-

10,000 Ha

Minor Projects =

ICA <

2000 Ha

28+66 =

94 Projects

188+82 =

270 Projects

2987+211 =

3198 Projects

3203 Completed + 359 Ongoing = 3562 Projects

Maharashtra having highest number of dams (1693+152 = 1845) out of 5,192 dams

Source: National Register of Large Dams 2014

10%4%4%

4%

5%

6%

13%

17%

Maharashtra

(36%)

Rajasthan

Other

statesChhattisgarh

Karnataka

Odisha

Madhya

Pradesh

Gujarat

Andhra

Pradesh

Completed UnderConstruction

Total Capacity

1,693 dams

152 dams 1,845 dams

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30.77

22.5

12.6

8.5 7.565 4.2

GEOGRAPHICAL

AREA

CULTURABLE

COMMAND AREA

IRRIGATION AREA

FROM WATER AVAILABILITY

PERSPECTIVE

IRRGABLE AREA

FROM SURFACE WATER

PROJECTED

IRRIGATION POTENTIAL

IP CREATED TILL

2017

ACTUAL

IRRIGATION

Area in (million ha)

Area in (million ha)

84%

16%

West East

Rainfall 2500

to 4000mm 1250 to 800mm 300 to 600mm

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Purandar LIS 25,498 ha; 4 TMC

356m, 6 Stage Lift

Tembhu LIS 80,472 ha; 22.13 TMC

271m, 5 Stage Lift

Krishna-Koyna LIS 109,127 ha; 26.78 TMC

Takari (219m, 4 Stage)

Mhaisal (269m, 5 Stage)

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systematic & scientific examination of water accounts

determining water used in different sectors and losses.

Effective tool for realistic understanding & assessment of performance of water use against planning.

Identifying causes for low Irrigation System Performance & take remedial action

Office of “Chief Auditor, Water and Irrigation” is created in 2017 for Water Audit of all types of water use. (Irrigation, Drinking, Industrial etc)

Annual Report is being prepared and submitted to State Legislature

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Systematic process for securing continual improvement through comparison with relevant and achievable internal or external norms and standards.

Maharashtra Carry out benchmarking of Major Projects

Indicators System Performance: Annual Irrigation Water Supply per unit Irrigated Area

Financial Indicators: O & M Cost per unit Area

Agricultural Productivity: Output per unit Irrigated Area

Environmental Aspects: Land Damage Index

Social Aspects: Equity Performance: Head, Middle & Tail

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WUA Mandatory for all ongoing projects

WUA, DLA, CLA & PLA

WUA Size = 500 ha

Tail to Head Irrigation

Concessional Water Rates

Volumetric Water Supply; 50% Refund of water charges

Women Participation

Training at WALMI

Crop Freedom

Waghad Project is handed over to PLA

Maharashtra Won Many awards for PIM

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Canal Level

Association (CLA)

Distributary Level

Association

(DLA)

Project Level

Association (PLA)

Water User

Association (WUA)

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River Front Development Projects

Water Transportation

River Linking

Upgradation and Modernization of Old Irrigation

Infrastructure

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Pilot in Krishna Basin

AWS installed

Reservoir Water Level and Discharge Recorders

River Gauge Stations

Get prior information of rainfall, runoff

RoS & GoS Prepared

Integrated Basin Flood Management

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Crop Assessment

Asset Management

River Encroachment

Sedimentation Survey

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1 • Identify Survey area and purpose

2 • Flight Planning – Lat-Long, Flight Route, Accuracy, GCP

3 • Drone Survey

4 • Image Processing, creating orthomossaic, geo-referncing, DEM

5 • Addition of Layers e.g.: Village Map; Contour map etc.

6 • Carry out Analysis e.g. Crop Assessment, Sedimentation

7 • Submission of Reports and Maps

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Orthomossaic Image40

Orthomossaic Image

with Village Map

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Unauthorized Pipeline

in Well (Siphon)

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Unauthorized Motor in

Canal44

Unauthorized Wells in

Submergence Area

Unauthorized Pipeline in

Submergence Area

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Unauthorized storage along

Submergence (encroachment)

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Drone Survey is, Fast, Accurate, Transparent, Less costly and Effective

Real Time control on Irrigation Rotation

Capturing of evidence

Control on unauthorized water use

Control on filed staff

Realistic assessment of crop and area; increase in revenue collection

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MWRRA made mandatory micro Irrigation for perennial crops such as sugarcane, banana and horticulture.

Initially notification is applicable to following eight projects: 1) Tembhu LIS 2) Bhima(Ujani) 3) Mula 4) Lower Manar 5) Hatanur6) Upper pus 7) Kanholi nala 8) Amboli (Sindhudurg)

After June-2018, water for perennial crops will be provided through micro irrigation only in these projects.

Based on this experience , micro irrigation will be made mandatory to other projects after June-2019

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