Pni Religion

8/3/2019 Pni Religion

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Dr. Juan Rodrguez-Tafur D.

Profesor Asociado de Inmunologa y Farmacologa

Facultad de Medicina

Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos

Secretario General

Sociedad Peruana de Inmunologa y Alergia

PSICONEUROINMUNOLOGIA:

DE LA FE Y LA PLEGARIA


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Nosotros no somos seres humanos

que estan teniendo una experiencia

espiritual somos seres espiritualesque estan teniendo una experiencia

Humana.

Pierre Teilhard de Chardin


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La Ciencia sin religin es coja; y la religin

sin ciencia es ciega.

Albert Eistein


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RELACION ENTRELA RELIGION Y SALUD


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Hay una base

?biolgica


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0

0.1-4.9

5.0-7.4

7.5-9.9

10

5.0%5.0%

22.7%

27.3%

40.1%

Self-Rated Religious Coping

The Most Important Factor

Large Extent or More

Moderate to Large Extent

None

Res onses b 337 consecutivel admitted atients to Duke Hos ital Koeni 1998

Small to Moderate


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Religion and Well-being in Older Adults

Religious categories based on quartiles (i.e., low is 1st quartile, very high is 4th quartile)

Low Moderate High Very High

Church Attendance or Intrinsic Religiosity

Well-being

The Gerontologist1988; 28:18-28

Religion and Well-being in Older Adults

Religious categories based on quartiles (i.e., low is 1st quartile, very high is 4th quartile)

Low Moderate High Very High

Church Attendance or Intrinsic Religiosity

Well-

being

The Gerontologist1988; 28:18-28

Religin y Sensacin de Bienestar en Adultos Mayores


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Religion and Depression in Hospitalized Patients

Geriatric Depression ScaleInf ormation based on results f rom 991 consecutively admitted patients (dif f erences significant at p


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Time to Remission by Intrinsic Religiosity

0 10 20 30 40 50

Weeks of Followup

0

20

40

60

80

100

ProbabilityofNon-Remission

%

Low Rel igiosity

Medium Religiosity

High Religiosity

(N=87 patients with major or minor depression by Diagnostic Interview Schedule)

American Journal of Psychiatry 1998; 155:536-542

Tiempo de Remisin por Religiosidad Intrnseca


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0 4 8 12 16 20 24

Weeks of Followup

0

20

40

60

80

100

Probabilityo

fNon-Remission

%

Other Patients

Highly Rel igious(14%)

diagnosis

845 medical inpatients > age 50 with major or minor depression

HR=1.53, 95% CI=1.20-1.94, p=0.0005, after control for

demographics, physical health factors, psychosocial

stressors, and psychiatric predictors at baseline


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Church Attendance and Anxiety Disorder(anxiety disorder w ithin past 6 months in 2,964 adults ages 18-89)

Koenig et al (1993). Journal of Anxiety Disorders7:321-342

Young (18-39) Middle-Aged (40-59) Elderly (60-97)

AnxietyDisorder

Asistencia a la Iglesia y Desorden de Ansiedad


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Low Attendance High Attendance Low Attendance High Attendance77

78

79

80

81

AverageDiastolicBloodPressure

* Analyses weighted & control led for age, sex, race, smoking,

education, physical functioning, and body mass index

Low Pray er/Bible Low Prayer/Bible High Prayer/Bible High Prayer/Bible

p


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Mortality From Heart Disease and Religious Orthodoxy

(based on 10,059 civil servants and municipal employees)

Kaplan-Meier life table curves (adapted from Goldbourt et a l 1993. Cardiology 82:100-121)

Follow-up time, years

Survivalprobability

MostOrthodox

Non-Believers

Differences remain significant after

controlling for blood pressure,

diabetes, cholesterol, smoking,weight, and baseline heart disease

Mortalidad por Enfermeades Cardiacas en Religiosos Ortodoxos


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Six-Month Mortality After Open Heart Surgery

-

0

5

10

15

20

25

%Dead

(2 of 72)

(7 of 86) (2 of 25)

(10 of 49)

(232 patients at Dartmouth Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire)

Hi Religion

Hi Soc Support

Hi Religion

Lo Soc Support

Lo Religion

Hi Soc Support

Lo Religion

Lo Soc Support

Hi Religion

Hi Soc Support

Mortalidad a Seis Meses despus de Ciruga a Corazn Abierto


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Religion

MentalHealth

Social

Support

Health

Behaviors

Stress

Hormones

Immune

System

Autonomic

Nervous

System

Disease

Detection &

Treatment

Compliance

Smoking

High RiskBehaviors

Alcohol & Drug Use

Infection

Cancer

Heart Disease

Hypertension

Stomach &

Bowel Dis.

Accidents& STDs*

Geneticsusceptibility,

Gender,

Age,Race,

Education,

Incom

e

Liver & Lung

Disease

Stroke

ChildhoodTraining

AdultDecisions

ValuesandCharacter

AdultDecision

s

*

Model of Religion's Effects on HealthHandbook of Religion and Health(Oxford University Press, 2001)

Modelo de los Efectos de la Religin en la Salud


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Serum IL-6 and Attendance at Religious Services

Never/Almost Never 1-2/yr to 1-2/mo Once/wk or more

Frequency of Attendance at Religious Services

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

Pe

rcentwithIL

-6Levels>5

(1675 persons age 65 or over li ving in North Carol ina, USA)

* bivariate analyses

** analyses controlled for age, sex, race, education, and physical functioning (ADLs)

Citation: International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine1997; 27:233-250

Interleuquina 6 y Asistencia a Servicios Religiosos


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RELACION ENTREFE E INMUNIDAD

AL VIH


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Ser VIH positivo es

estresante7


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Est la depresin asociada con una

ms rpida progresin a

VIH?

38% ms prdida de

clulas T CD4+ /aoBurack, JAMA, 1993

Los hombres con mas sntomasfueron quienes se deprimieronmas. Lyketsos, JAMA, 1993


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Baja progresin del VIH correlaciona

con la baja densidad del receptor CCR5.

La norepinefrina aumentala expresin del receptorCCR5 in vitro a travs dela estimulacion delreceptor de quemoquina

mejorando la expansinviral


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Woods and associates (1999) at the University of Miami surveyed

106 HIV-positive patients about their religious practices and

measured their immune functions. Religious activities, such as

prayer, religious attendance, spiritual discussions, and reading

religious or spiritual literature, were associated with significantly

higher CD4+ counts and CD4+ percentages. Religious coping (such

as putting trust in God, seeking Gods help, or increasing praying)was related to fewer depressive symptoms as measured by the

Beck Depression Inventory (p


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Mas frecuentes terapias alternativasycomplementarias usadas


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Controles sin ejerciciomostraron significativa mayoransiedad y depresin ascomo tambin unadisminucin en su conteo de

clulas Natural Killer.


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Aquellos grupos entratamiento con ejercicios no

mostraron similar cambios ymostraron un significativoaumento en los niveles deLinfocitos CD4+


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La plegaria ha sido clinicamenteexaminada en cohortes de pacientesVIH-negativos en lo que se refiere a laautoestima, la ansiedad, la depresin

y mostraron una mejora significativaen 11 mediciones en los resultados.(OLaire, 1997)

La mayora de participantesVIH+ aumentaron su prcticade rezo desde su diagnsticode HIV.


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Masaje potencia la funcin del sistema

inmune por: Reduciendo la ansiedad y el estrs Aumentando el conteo de glbulos blancos Disminuyendo los niveles de cortisol

Activativando a las clulas Natural Killer.


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2002

Oxford University Press 2002

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