Plastic Road Construction 8 - Copy - Copy

8/11/2019 Plastic Road Construction 8 - Copy - Copy

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USE OF RECYCLED MATERIAL IN

HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION

A Seminar Report Submitted in partial Fulfillment ofthe Requirements for the Bachelor of Technology

In Civil Engineering

By

BIDYUT PRABHA MOHAPATRA

Regd. No: 1001337001

Vikash College of engineering for women, Bargarh

(Biju Pattnaik University of Technology, Rourkela)

Under the upervision of

Mr. Girish Narayan Prajapati

Lecturer in Civil Engineering

Department Of Civil Engineering

Vikash College of Engineering for Women, Bargarh


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DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERINGVIKASH COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

FOR WOMEN, BARGARH

(Bi ju Pattnaik University of Technology, Rourkela)

ERTIFI TE

This is to certify that the Seminar entitled USE OF RECYCLED MATERIAL

IN HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION has been submitted byBIDYUT PRABHA

MOHAPATRA, bearing Regd. No: 1001337001 under my guidance in partial

fulfillment of the degree of Bachelor of Technology in Civil Engineering of

Vikash College Of Engineering For Women, Bargarh , during the academic year

2013-2014(Semester-VIII).

Mr. Girish Narayan Prajapati

GUIDE

Department of Civil Engineering

Vikash College Of Engineering For Women


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

It is a moment of joy of express my gratitude and bestows thanks on each

and everyone for their boundless encouragement, support and assistance.

With immense, I record my bowlful gratitude and thanks to my inspiring,

source of strength my dear guide. I am in loss of words to express my profound

thanks and gratefulness to that great Icon, My guide Mr. Girish Narayan

Prajapati, Lecturer, Department of Civil Engineering, Vikash College of

Engineering For Women, Bargarh, for his inspiring guidance, indefatigable help,

and constant encouragement during the preparation for my seminar. Without which

it would have not been possible to complete this Seminar successfully.

Thanks, is just not enough to express my gratitude towards my department,

Department of Civil Engineering, Vikash College of Engineering For Women,

Bargarh, because it has been the source of my knowledge and motivation behind

the entire work of this seminar.

I express my deep sense of gratitude to my parents, friends and well-wishers

for their good will. I would also like to record my heartfelt thanks to other

faculties members of the CE department in Vikash College of Engineering For

Women, Bargarh.

Bidyut prabha Mohapatra


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DECLARATION

I, Bidyut prabha Mohapatra, bearing Regd. No:-

1001337001 hereby declare that this seminar topic

presented by me entitled as USE OF RECYCLED MATERIALIN HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION is original and this has not been

submitted to anywhere else for the award of any other degree.


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CONTENTS

1.INTRODUCTION

2.

TYPES OF RECYCLED MATERIAL USED IN HIGHWAYCONSTRUCTION??

3. TECHNIQUES USED FOR CONSTRUCTION..

4. STEPS USED FOR CONSTRUCTION..

5. RESULTS AFTER TESTING THE MODIFIED ROAD.

6.

CONCLUSION

7.

REFERENCE..


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ABSTRACT

Now a days waste material is everywhere in todays lifestyle .The

disposal of waste materials like plastic,glass,municipal waste combustion ash,blast

furnace slag,steel slag,scrape tyres,waste roofing shingles and carpet fibres is a

great problem. Out of these some are non-biodegradable products due to

which materials pose environmental pollution and problems like breast

cancer, reproductive problem in humans and animals, genital abnormalities

and even a decline in human sperm count and quality. In recent years,

application of these recycled materials has been considered in highway

construction with great interest in many developing countries. The use of

these materials in highway construction is based on technical, economic, and

ecological criteria. Several million metric tons of the above mentioned wastes

are produced in India every year. If these materials can be suitably utilized in

highway construction, the pollution and disposal problems may be partlyreduced. Keeping in mind the need for bulk use of these wastes in India, it was

thought expedient to test these materials and to develop specifications to

enhance the use of the above recycled materials in highway construction, in

which higher economic returns may be possible. The possible use of these

recycled materials should be developed for construction of low-volume roads

in different parts of our country. A review of various recycled material for use

in the construction of highways has been discussed in this paper.

Waste material is everywhere in todays lifestyle which can berecycled and can be used in highways construction.It is used for packagingprotecting, serving and even disposing of all kinds of consumer goods with theindustrial revolution , mass production of goods started and plastic seemed tobe a cheaper and effective raw material .Today ,every vital sector of theeconomy starting from agriculture to packaging , automobile ,buildingconstruction ,communication or Info tech has been virtually revolutionized bythe application of the above waste materials. Use of these bio decradable andnon- bio degradable (according to recent studies, plastic can stay unchangedfor as long as 4500 years on earth) product is growing rapidly and theproblem is what to do with these wastes. studies have linked the improperdisposal of plastic to problem as distant as breast cancer, reproductiveproblem in humans and animals, genital abnormalities and even a decline inhuman sperm count and quality .if a ban is put on the use of plastics,glass,steelslag etc on emotional grounds, the real cost would be much higher, theinconvenience much more, the chances of damage or contamination is muchgreater.


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INTRODUCTION

Growing population is the main cause of increased production

of waste material.

The solution of the above problem is converting the waste

martial into useful material.

The main purpose of recycling the waste material is:-

To solve the environmental problems

To get the economic and Engineering benefits.

To disseminate the knowledge of recycle material.

To minimize the use of natural resources.

Growing population is the main cause of increased

production of waste material.

The solution of the above problem is converting the waste

martial into useful material.

The main purpose of recycling the waste material is:-

To solve the environmental problems

To get the economic and Engineering benefits.

To disseminate the knowledge of recycle material.

To minimize the use of natural resources.


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RECYCLED WASTE MATERIALS USED I N ROAD

COSTRUCTION

Now the waste materials used in highway construction are >>

Blast furnace slag

Plastics

Glass

Municipal waste combustion ash

Steel slag

Scrap tires

Waste roofing Shingles

Carpet fibers

BLAST FURNACE SLAG

It Consists of silicates and aluminosilicates of lime and

other bases.

Slag cement has low heat hydration, good long term

strength gain and high chemical resistance.

Slag cement containing more than 80% granulated blast

furnace slag.


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It is used as a cement additive in granulated form.

Plastic

Plastic comprises more than 8% of the total weight of municipal

waste stream and about 12% to 20% of its volume.

Recycled plastic is also used for guardrail posts, fence

posts,noisebarrier and signposts.


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Plastic is also used in asphalt cement modifier, Portland cement

concrete and as an additive to asphalt concrete .

Hollow sign post made of recycled plastic

Noise walls filled with rubber and plastics

GLASS


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The ability to use the waste glass in highway construction

depends on types of collection methods used, costs and

public sectors.

Now large quantity of waste glass is needed for majorpolitan areas.

Glass is also used in a dense and open graded base

course as well as in pipe backfill, pipe bedding and the

storm drain and also used as substitute for an aggregate

in asphalt pavement concrete.


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MUNICIPAL WASTE COMBUSTION ASH

Combustion of municipal ash produces three types of

ash:-

Fly ash

Bottom ash

Combined ash


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Municipal waste combustion ash

Fly ash

Common is coal flyash, primary components of coal fly

ash are silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, iron oxide &

calcium oxide.

It is used as a mineral admixture to Portland cementconcrete.


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Use of fly ash in road construction

Construction of fly ash stabilized road

Bottom ash

Most municipal waste combustion ash approximately (80

to 99%) is bottom ash

It has much coarse gradation. a recent study of its use as

a sub base material showed that it has sufficient

engineering properties to perform adequately.

Bottom ash has also been marketed as an aggregate for

lightweight concrete. Coal boiler slag has been used as an


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abrasive in pavement deicing product and as a sand

blasting abrasive.

This is used as substitute in asphaltic base course, the

result is that after the use of this performance in same as

conventional pavement.

COMBINED ASH

When fly ash & bottom ash are placed in landfills, they

are generally combined.

The recent research involve the use of combined MWC

ash as an aggregate in stabilized and unstabilized

bases,subbases and also in asphalt pavement.

Combined ash used in Asphalt pavement


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STEEL SLAG

A by products of the steel making is produced during the

separation of the molten steel from impurities in steel

making furnace. The slag occurs as a molten liquid molt

and is a complex solution of silicates and oxides that

solidifies upon cooling.

It is estimated that between 7.0 and 7.5 million metric

tone is used each year in United States.

Bituminous mixtures containing steel slag exhibited highstability, high skid resistance & longer heat retention.

Steel slag is also used as a granular base embankments

or as an aggregate in highwayconstruction, shoulder and

hot mix asphalt pavement.


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Steel Slag

SCRAP TIRES

The research on crumb rubber modified asphalt has beenconducted in 1991.

Scrap tire is used as pole, stakes and in manufacturing

landfill liners highway pavement and as insulator in base

course.

19 tones of tire chips are filled into a portion of soil along

the embankments

The recycled rubber tires are used in noise wall,

lightweight fill, sub grade insulation & channel slope

protection as well as additive to Portland cement concrete

pavement.


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Scrap tire

Scarp Tire Used In Highway Embankment


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WASTE ROOFING SHINGLE

Waste roofing shingle

Recycling of Waste roofing shingle

It is estimated that between 8 million and 12 million of

roofing shingles are manufacture each year in the UnitedStates. Since approximately 65% of the shingles is used

for roofing between 5 million and 8 million tone of old

waste shingle is produced annually.


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The roofing shingle waste use of as asphalt pavement

materials. It also reduces the optimum neat binder

content.

It is also used as pot hole patching material.

CARPET FIBER WASTE

To determine effectiveness of using recycled fibers from

old carpet for concrete informant, fibers are mixed with

concrete in drum mixer at a rate of 2% by volume.

It is used in asphalt pavement and Portland cement.

The addition of carpet wastes is effective in increasing the

concrete energy absorption abilities.

carpet used in highway overpass


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carpet wastes fiber

TECHNIQUES

The following construction techniques are used.

Penetration macadam

Built up spray grout


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STEPS USED FOR CONSTRUCTION

Preparation of existing surface

Application of binders

Applications of stone chipping

Rolling of first or final coat

Application of binder and stone chipping for second coat.

Finishing and opening to traffic.

RESULTS AFTER TESTING THE MODIFIED

ROAD

Under soaked condition 89% of the strength can be

retained the addition of 12% plastic.

The compressive strength of pavement was increased

by 70% with addition of 12% plastic.

The percentage of binder reduces by .4%, 5%, and 6%

with by addition of plastic of 8%, 10%, and 12%respectively.

The indirect tensile strength was found to be 9 and

6.8kg/cm^2 with modified and conventional mixtures.


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CONCLUSION

To develop beneficial uses for these products,

Highway construction can effectively use large quantity

of diverse materials.

The utilization of waste products and by products in such beautiful

ways is the environment friendly act.


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REFERENCE

http://www.cpcb.nic.in/oldwebsite/plasti..ction.html

http:/[email protected].

http:/wikipedia.com

www.google.com
http://www.cpcb.nic.in/oldwebsite/plasti..ction.htmlhttp://www.cpcb.nic.in/oldwebsite/plasti..ction.htmlhttp://www.cpcb.nic.in/oldwebsite/plasti..ction.html

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Plastic Road Construction 8 - Copy - Copy