PHN I - C BN V PIVOTTABLEChng 1. Gii thiu PivotTable v PivotChart 1.1. To mt bo co PivotTable n ginGi s chng ta c bng tnh sau y:

y l mt trong nhng loi bng tnh m bn c th dng to ra mt PivotTable. D liu thng k doanh thu ca 3 ca hng (store) bn dng c th thao, i din cho 3 min (region) trong mt tun (t ngy 06 n ngy 12/6/2005). Ct D l s khch hng ca tng loi dng c th thao, ct E l tng doanh thu, v cc ct cn li l doanh thu chi tit ca tng mt hng. y l mt s cu hi m bn c th phi tr li da vo bng tnh : Doanh thu ca dng c cm tri (Camping) ti mi min ? Ti mi ca hng, ngy no trong tun l ngy ng khch nht? Ti mi ca hng, mt hng no bn c nhiu nht?

Ngy no trong tun (ni chung) l ngy bn nht? Ti s gip bn tr li cu hi u tin. Ti s hng dn bn to ra mt PivotTable thy c tng doanh thu mt hng Camping ca mi min. bt u, bn cn bo m rng bn ang chn mt (bt k no) nm trong vng cha d liu m bn mun to PivotTable. Ri, bn nhn nt PivotTable nm trong nhmInsert ca thanh Ribbon:

Excel s hin th hp thoi Create PivotTable nh hnh sau y:

Trong hp thoi ny, bn thy rng a ch ca dy cha d liu (A2:K44) c nhp sn trong hp Table/Range. Nu nh cc nt ty chn c chn ging ht trong hnh:Select a table or range v New Worksheet, bn hy nhn OK ng hp thoi ny. Excel s to mt Sheet mi, v n s trng ging nh hnh sau y:

Ngi ta gi y l ci v ca mt PivotTable. Trong ci v ny, bn s thy: bn tri l vng bo co PivotTable, l vng s hin th cc yu cu ca bn sau khi bn hon tt mt PivotTable. bn phi l ca s PivotTable Field List, l ni m bn s quyt nh nhng d liu no s c hin th trn PivotTable, v cch sp xp ca chng. Ti s trnh by vi bn chi tit v ci PivotTable Field List ny trong mt bi khc. Cn by gi bn c tip tc . Trong hp thoi PivotTable Field List, bn hy nhn vo mc Region chn n (hoc bn nhn vo hp kim ngay bn cnh n cng c). Bn s thy mc Region ny t ng xut hin trong vng Row Labels ca PivotTable Field List, ng thi PivotTable cng t ng hin th tn ca 3 min: Midwest, Northeast v South trong ct A:

Tip tc, bn nhn vo Camping chn n. Ngay lp tc, Sum of Caming xut hin trong vng Values pha cui PivotTable Field List, ng thi, ct B hin th tng doanh thu mt hng Camping ng vi mi min. Cui cng, bn nhn vo ci mi tn b t nm ngay bn cnh mc Sum of Camping trong khung Values, chn Value Field Settings trong danh sch m ra.

Hp thoi Value Field Settings xut hin. Nhn vo ci nt Number Format. Hp thoi Format Cells quen thuc s m ra, chn Currency. Xong nhn OK hai ln ng tt c cc hp thoi. PivotTable ca bn s ging nh sau hnh say. Nu thch, v cng d xem hn, bn nhn vo A3, ni ang c ch Row Labels, sa n li thnh Region:

Hy vng rng bn s thy vic to ra mt PivotTable d nh th no. Vng, n rt n gin, v nu c nhng yu cu phc tp hn, th cng vy thi. Xin ni thm mt vi kha cnh khc ca PivotTable: Khi mt PivotTable c kch hot, hp thoi PivotTable Field List s xut hin. Nhng Field c chn vo trong bo co PivotTable s c in m v c mt du kim ngay bn cnh, ng thi chng cng xut hin nhng vng bn di ca PivotTable Field List, cho chng ta bit vai tr ca chng trong PivotTable. kch hot mt PivotTable, bn nhn vo mt bt k trong vng bo co PivotTable. Cn nu khng mun kch hot n, th bn ch vic nhn ra ngoi, bt k ch no trong bng tnh.

Bn s thy bn phi ca tiu Region trong vng bo co ( A3) c mt nt mi tn x xung (drop-down arrow). Nt ny c chc nng tng t chc nng AutoFilter. Nhn vo , bn c th la chn nhng mc mun xem thuc danh sch Region, m mc nh ca n l Select All (xem tt c). V d, bn ch mun xem doanh thu dng c cm tri ca ring min Midwest m thi, bn nhn vo nt ny, nhn vo mc (Select All) tt n i, ri nhn vo mc Midwest, bn s c kt qu nh hnh sau:

1.2. To mt bo co PivotTable vi nhiu ctV d bi trc ch l mt trong nhng bo co PivotTable n gin nht. Trong bi ny, bn s hc cch to mt bo co PivotTable phc tp hn, c nhiu ct cng nh nhiu hng hn. Bn xem d liu sau y. N l d liu ca nhng ca hng cho thu bng video:

Cc hng d liu trong bi ny c thit k khc vi bi trc. Mi hng trong bng i din cho mt th loi video ca mt ca hng (c ghi ct B). Con s ct Title l s lng u phim thuc th loi . Mc ch ca chng ta l to mt PivotTable trnh by nhng thng tin mt dng d xem hn. Cc bc to ra mt ci v ca PivotTable, ti trnh by bi 1. Nu bn lm ng, hp thoi PivotTable Field List ca bn s ging nh sau:

Trong danh sch cc Field s c Store, Category v Titles. Hy nhn chn c ba. Excel s lm gip bn cc vic sau: em Store v Category vo trong hp Row Labels em Tiltes vo trong hp Values, vi ci tn l Sum of Titles Trnh by cc thng tin vo vng bo co PivotTable Kt qu c minh ha hnh sau y:

C th nhng g hin th trn my ca bn khng ging ci hnh ny. Nu nh bn mun n ging ht hnh ny, hy nhn nt phi chut vo tn ca mt ca hng no trong ct A (Clarkville chng hn), chn lnh Field Setting, ri bn nh du vo cc ty chn ca tab Layout & Print ging nh ti lm trong hnh sau y; v nu nh ci tn trong A3 ang l RowLabels, hy i n thnh Store. Bn s c mt PivotTable y ht nh hnh trn.

Cho d y l mt bo co PivotTable rt chnh xc, nhng n khng phi l ci ti mun. Trong trng hp ny, Store v Category ang nm chung trong mt hng, u l Row Labels; cn ti th mun Category phi l mt ct ring, l Column Labels. Lm th no chuyn mt mc Row Labels thnh Column Lables? C hai cch: 1. Trong hp thoi PivotTable Field List, trong vng Row Labels, bn hy nhn vo nt mi tn bn cnh mc Category, v chn lnh Move To Column Labels. 2. Nu nh bn kho s dng chut, bn c th "nm" v "ko" ci mc Category ra khi vng Row Labels ri "th" n vo vng Column Labels. Sau khi lm xong mt trong 2 cch trn, bn s thy PivotTable ging nh sau:

So snh vi bng d liu ban u, PivotTable d c hn nhiu. Nhn vo bng bo co ny, chng ta c th so snh s lng u phim ca tng th loi video gia cc ca hng vi nhau (xem theo ct), hoc so snh s u phim gia cc th loi video ca mt ca hng vi nhau (xem theo hng). Nhn vo PivotTable, bn c th tr li ngay ca hng no c nhiu phim hnh ng nht, phi khng? Bn c thy rng: vic di chuyn mt Field t Row Labels sang Column Labels, lm cho PivotTable dng nh l xoay bng d liu t dc thnh ngang. Ch "xoay", trong ting Anh, l "pivot". Vy bn hiu PivotTable l g ri ch? Nu nh t ny gi, bn va c bi ny, va t thc hnh, th bn hy lu li bng tnh. Chng ta s s dng PivotTable va to ra ny cho bi sau: To mt biu xoay (PivotChart). Hn gp li.

1.3. To mt PivotChartMt PivotChart chng c g khc hn l mt biu Excel, c to ra t d liu ca mt PivotTable. Tht ra th cng c mt vi tnh nng m bn khng tm thy nhng biu bnh thng. Tuy nhin, phn ln th mt PivotChart cng ging nh bt k mt biu no trong Excel, nhng thao tc vi cc biu , hoc vic nh dng cho n, chng c g khc. Nu bn bit chc rng bn s cn n mt PivotChart, bn c th to ra PivotTable v PivotChart cng mt ln. Thay v nhn vo nt PivotTable trong nhm Insert trn thanh Ribbon (nh ti trnh by bi 1), bn hy nhn vo ci mi tn nh di ci nt , v chn lnh PivotChart. Ri th bn cng s gp hp thoi to mt PivotTable nh nhng bi trn, nhng khi to xong PivotTable, th Excel cng s t ng to lun mt PivotChart i km theo. By gi chng ta s hc cch to ra mt PivotChart t PivotTable m bn thc hnh bi s 2, bi ton v cc ca hng bn video. Bn ln lt theo cc bc sau: 1. Chc chn rng bn ang kch hot PivotTable. Nu nh khng mun thy ci hp thoi PivotTable Field List, bn c th tt n i. Hp thoi ny c th bt tt bt c lc no bng ci nt ny (trong nhm PivotTable|Options trn thanh Ribbon):

2. Nhn nt PivotChart trong nhm PivotTable|Options trn thanh Ribbon. Excel s hin th hp thoi Insert Chart, nh hnh sau:

3. Chn Column trong danh sch Templates bn tri, ri nhn vo biu tng th hai (stacked column) hng u tin trong khung bn tay phi. 4. Nhn OK to biu . Bn s c mt biu nh hnh sau. Mi ca hng (Store) c i din bi mt "bar" trong biu , v trong mi "bar" ny cha s lng th loi phim (Category) c trong ca hng , c phn bit bi cc mu khc nhau.

Khi bn nhn vo biu , tc l bn kch hot PivotTable, Excel s hin th hp thoi PivotChart Filter Pane nh bn thy hnh trn. Bn c th dng Axis Fields v Legend Fields trong hp thoi ny lc cc d liu, iu chnh PivotChart hin th hay khng hin th biu ca mt loi d liu no . Bt k vic lc d liu no bn thc hin trong hp thoi ny, cng s c p dng trong PivotTable, v biu s t ng v li theo nhng thay i trong PivotTable.

V d, ti nhn vo Axis Fields, v ch chn hai ca hng: Clarkville, WestEnd. Biu s t ng v li nh sau:

Chng 2. Tm hiu d liu ngun ca PivotTableChng ta c th s dng nhiu loi d liu lm ngun cho mt PivotTable: S dng d liu t mt bng tnh Excel trong cng mt Workbook S dng d liu t mt bng tnh Excel trong mt Workbook khc

S dng d liu kt hp t nhiu ngun khc nhau nhng c cu trc ging nhau (consolidate ranges) S dng d liu t mt bo co PivotTable khc Nhng bi sau y s ln lt im qua tng loi d liu ny.

2.1. S dng d liu ca cng mt bng tnh ExcelC l cch d nht v cng c nhiu ngi s dng nht l s dng d liu ca mt bng tnh Excel lm ngun cho PivotTable. D liu ny c th nm trong cng mt bng tnh, nh c trnh by bi 1. Mi vic s tr nn rt n gin khi bn to mt PivotTable trong cng bng tnh cha d liu ngun. D liu ny phi c thit k theo dng mt List (trong Excel 2003), mt Table (Excel 2007), vi nhng yu cu sau: Hng u tin cha tn cc Field (hoc tn ca cc ct) Hng th hai v nhng hng tip theo cha d liu Khng c hng b trng, nhng c th c nhng trng tm hiu k hn v cu trc ca mt Table, bn c th tham kho bi "Phn tch d liu vi cc Table". Nu c mt nm u trong vng d liu ngun ny c chn khi bn m hp thoi Create PivotTable, Excel s t ng xc nh a ch ca ton b vng d liu v nhp n vo trong mc Table/Range ca hp thoi. Nu bn mun xc nh chnh xc a ch ca vng d liu ngun, bn c th chn mt trong 3 cch sau: 1. Chn mt trong vng d liu trc khi m hp thoi. a ch ca vng d liu s c nhp vo t ng 2. Nhp trc tip a ch ca vng d liu trong mc Table/Range ca hp thoi 3. S dng nt Select trong hp thoi chn vng d liu

C mt cch rt hay v rt nn lm ch cho Excel bit vng d liu nm u, l to mt ci tn (Name) cho vng d liu. S dng Name th tin li hn vic nhp a ch hoc chn vng d liu mi khi bn mun tham chiu n chng. tm hiu thm v Name cho vng d liu, xin c bi: "S dng tn cho dy". Tuy nhin, nu bn s dng mt Table ca Excel 2007 lm d liu ngun cho PivotTable, th bn khi cn quan tm n Name, bi chnh bn thn Table c sn mt ci tn, khi

bn to n. V khi c Name ca d liu ngun, bn ch vic nhp trc tip ci tn ny vo trong mc Table/Range ca hp thoi Create PivotTable. V d, hnh sau y, d liu ngun ca PivotTable l mt dy c tn l SalesData:

2.2. S dng d liu ngun t mt bng tnh Excel khcNu d liu m bn s dng trong PivotTable nm tron mt bng tnh khc, cc bc th to PivotTable hi khc mt t. Bn s phi xc nh dy (a ch) cha d liu ngun, v tn ca workbook cha d liu ngun. Cch d nht thc hin vic ny, l m ng thi hai bng tnh. Mt ci s cha PivotTable, mt ci cha d liu ngun. Ri lm theo cc bc sau: 1. Chn (kch hot) workbook s to PivotTable. 2. Nhn nt PivotTable trong tab Insert ca Ribbon m hp thoi Create PivotTable. 3. Hy chc chn rng ty chn Select a Table or Range ang c chn. 4. Nhn nt Select nm pha bn phi ca khung Table/Range, mt hp thoi Create PivotTable "nh" nh sau y s xut hin:

5. Nhn Alt+Tab hoc nhn vo workbook cha d liu ngun kch hot n. Bn s vn thy ci hp thoi Create PivotTable "nh". 6. Chn dy cha d liu ngun cho PivotTable. a ch ca n, bao gm c tn ca workbook, s t ng nhp vo trong hp thoi Create PivotTable "nh":

7. Nhn vo nt Select trn ca s Create PivotTable "nh" chp nhn vng chn v ng n li, quay v hp thoi Create PivotTable "ln". 8. Nhn OK quay v bng tnh vi PivotTable va to. Khi mt PivotTable c "link" ti mt bng tnh bn ngoi, bn ch c th cp nht (update) PivotTable nu ng link ny ti bng tnh ngun cn tn ti. Khi bng tnh cha d liu ngun b i tn, b di i ch khc, hoc b xa, bn s khng th cp nht PivotTable. Excel s hin th mt thng bo li nu bn c lm vic .

C th bn thc mc l ti sao c nhiu ngi khng lm mt PivotTable trong cng mt bng tnh, m li lm PivotTable trong mt bng tnh khc? Vic ny, tht ra rt hu ch, nht l i vi nhng d liu khng l, cng knh. C l bn bit nhng bng tnh cha mt bng d liu ln th chy chm nh th no. Khi t PivotTable trong mt bng tnh khc, bn vn c th c c nhng thng k, m khng cn thit phi m d liu ngun ra. Hoc khi bn mun thng k d liu t nhiu ngun khc nhau, bn c th to mt workbook trung gian, cha nhiu PivotTable, m mi PivotTable th "link" n mt d liu ngun ring. C mt iu bn cn nn bit, l bn thn PivotTalbe khng bao gi t "refresh" d liu, ngha l n khng th t ng cp nht khi d liu ngun thay i, bt k d liu ngun nm trong cng mt workbook vi PivotTable hay nm trong mt worbook khc. Vic tnh ton li bng tnh (recalculated) cng khng cp nht li d liu cho PivotTable. Bn phi thc hin chuyn "refresh" bng tay. Bng hai cch: Nhn chut phi vo PivotTable v chn lnh Refresh Data Nhn vo nt Refresh nm trong tab PivotTable|Option trn Ribbon (bn ch thy tab ny khi bn kch hot PivotTable).

2.3. S dng nhiu dy d liu c cng cu trc (Multiple ConsolidationRanges) Thut ng "Multiple Consolidation Ranges" (nhiu dy d liu c cng cu trc), tht ra khng phc tp nh ci tn ca n. Tt c ch n gin l to mt PivotTable da trn hai hoc nhiu bng d liu (l Table, hay l List trong cc version trc). Nhng ngun d liu ny c th nm trong cng mt bng tnh, hoc nm trong nhng bng tnh khc nhau. Nhng, chc nng Create PivotTable ca Excel 2007 m chng ta lm quen t u n gi, li khng h tr Multiple Consolidate Ranges, v khng c ty chn ny. s dng c Multiple Consolidation Ranges, chng ta phi cu vin n chc nng PivotTable and PivotChart Wizard, mt chc nng c trong nhng version trc ca Excel. Trong Excel 2007, chc nng ny vn cn, nhng b n i. gi n ra, bn phi s dng nhng phm tt dng gi PivotTable and PivotChart Wizard trong Excel 2003, l: Alt+D+P. Tin y, xin ni ngoi l mt chuyn. L, nu nh bn thuc tt c cc phm tt gi lnh trn menu ca Excel 2003, th bn c th s dng chng trong Excel 2007, cho d Ribbon ca Excel 2007 th chng ging g Menu Bar ca Excel 2003. s dng c Multiple Consolidation Ranges, bt buc mi danh sch m bn mun dng lm d liu ngun cho PivotTable phi c cng cu trc, c ngha l tt c nhng tiu ct (nm trn hng u tin) v tiu dng (nm trong ct u tin bn tri) phi ging ht nhau. Nu nh c mt hng no, hoc ct no nm ring l, th chng s khng c tch hp vo trong bo co PivotTable.

y l mt v d v cc ngun d liu c th s dng vi chc nng Multiple Consolidation Ranges:

khi ng "Wizard", bn hy nhn Alt+D ri nhn thm phm P. V ti Step 1, nhn vo ty chn Multiple Consolidation Ranges:

Sau khi nhn Next sang Step 2a, bn s c 2 ty chn: Create a single page field for me Excel t ng to ra mt Page Field n, vi mi vng d liu ngun l mt mc (item) trong Page Field . Page Field c th tm hiu nh l chc nng lc "cp 1" ca PivotTable. Trong ca s PivotTable Field Lists, Page Field chnh l nhng mc nm trong khung Report Filter. Nu khng c, xem nh Page Field = All (xem tt c cc d liu).

I will create the page fields Dng ty chn ny t to cc Page Field ca ring bn. Bn c th to ti a l 4 Page Field, mi Page Field lc ra mt thnh phn no ca cc d liu. 2.3.1. To mt trang tng hp duy nht vi chc nng Create a single page field for me Bn xem li bng tnh EmployeeData m ti va trnh by bi trc. Bn s thy c 3 danh sch, mi danh sch l mt phng n tuyn dng nhn vin c th cho cc b phn. V c 3 danh sch u c cng cu trc, cng nh tiu ca cc hng, ct ny l ging nhau. to mt PivotTable da vo 3 danh sch ny, bn hy s dng PivotTable and PivotChart Wizard theo cc bc ti trnh by bi trc, v khi ang trong Step 2a, hy nh du vo ty chn Create a Single-Page Field, ri nhn Next sang Step 2b, ri theo cc bc sau: 1. Nhn vo nt Select bn phi hp Range 2. Chn dy A3:B9 trong bng tnh. 3. Nhn li vo nt Select a dy va chn vo trong khung Range.

Nu bn b qua bc 1, m ch cn dng chut chn trc tip dy A3:B9 trong bng tnh, Excel s t hiu l bn nhn nt Select ri, nn cng s b qua lun bc 3 ny. Khi bn kt thc vic chn dy bng chut, Excel s a bn vo thng bc 4 sau y.

4. Nhn nt Add thm dy va chn vo trong danh sch All Ranges. 5. Lp li bc 1 n bc 4 chn v thm vo danh sch All Ranges hai dy D3:D9 v G3:G9. Ti y, mn hnh ca bn s ging nh sau:

6. Nhn Next sang Step 3. 7. Ti y, bn c th chn New Worksheet to PivotTable trong mt Sheet mi, hoc chn Existing worksheet v nhn chut vo ni bn mun to PivotTable ngay trong bng tnh ny. 8. Click Finish. Bn s c mt PivotTable nh sau:

Trong PivotTable ny, nhn Column Labels c mt mi tn x xung, bn c th dng n lc ra ct mun xem. Trong trng hp ny, do cc d liu ngun ch c mt ct (Employees), nn nt ny khng cn dng n, nhng nu cc d liu ngun ca bn c nhiu ct, bn s cn dng n n. Nhn Row Labels cng c mt mi tn x xung, dng lc ra nhng hng mun xem. Nhng nt x xung ny l im c trng m bn c th thy trong tt c cc PivotTable. Cn nt x xung ca nhn Page1 th c g c bit? N cho php bn lc ra d liu ngun no mun xem, nh bn thy hnh sau y, khi nhn vo n. Cc mc Item1, Item2 v Item3 tham chiu n 3 d liu ngun m bn dng lm d liu ngun cho PivotTable. Bn c th chn tng hp d liu theo tt c cc ngun (All), hoc ch 1 ngun no . Nu mun tng hp nhiu hn 1 ngun d liu, bn phi nhn vo ty chn Select Multiple Items.

Bn hy th s dng cc nt x xung bn cnh cc nhn, xem chng lm vic nh th no. Lc l mt trong chc nng quan trng nht ca mt PivotTable, bn cn hiu r cch lc ca mt PivotTable, c th d dng tip cn vi nhng chc nng cao cp hn. Trong PivotTable m chng ta thc hnh trong bi ny, c ct Grand Total, l mt mc nh ca PivotTable. Tuy nhin, bi v cc d liu ngun ca chng ta ch c 1 ct, nn khng cn thit n ct Grand Total, ti s ni v cch b ci ct ny i trong bi sau. 2.3.2. To mt PivotTable c nhiu trang tng hp t nhng d liu ngun c cng cu trc Trong cng vic hng ngy, nht l khi phi thng xuyn tng hp nhng d liu kiu nh: Bo co doanh thu qu I, Bo co doanh thu qu II, Bo co doanh thu qu III, v.v..., bn nn s dng PivotTable, vi ty chn th 2 khi ang trong Step 2a ca PivotTable and PivotChart Wizard: I will create the page fields. Ty chn ny rt thch hp khi tng hp t nhiu ngun d liu c cng cu trc, m nhng ngun d liu c cng tiu , ch khc vi con s dng tng hp (theo qu, theo nm, theo thng...), chng hn nh bng tnh ny:

y l 4 bng tng hp s hc sinh t yu cu theo tng mn, v theo tng hc k trong hai nm hc 2005, 2006; c 4 u c chung tiu Year ... Semester .... Chng ta hy th. Bn hy s dng PivotTable and PivotChart Wizard theo cc bc ti trnh by bi 2.3, v khi ang trong Step 2a, hy nh du vo ty chn I will create the page fields, ri nhn Next sang Step 2b, ri theo cc bc sau: 1. Nhp khi d liu ngun th nht (A2:B8) vo trong khung Range 2. Nhn nt Add thm n vo trong danh sch All Ranges 3. Lp li hai bc trn ba ln, thm 3 khi d liu cn li (D2:D8, A11:B17, v D11:E17) vo trong danh sch All Ranges. Ti thi im ny, mn hnh ca bn s ging nh hnh sau:

4. Nhn vo ty chn 2 phn How many page fields do you want? Bn s thy phn ang m m di cng ca hp thoi PivotTable and PivotChart Wizard m ra 2 ci: Field one v Field two (bn ch c th c ti a 4 trang tng hp). Ti y, hy tm dng mt cht vch ra mt vi tng cho vic thng k d liu. Bn cn c bao nhiu trang tng hp? Hay ni cch khc, bn cn thng k d liu theo my tiu ch? Hy nhn vo tiu ca 4 d liu ngun. chng ta c hai nm hc: 2005 v 2006, v hai hc k (semester): hc k 1 v hc k 2. Vy, tng hay nht, c l l thng k theo nm lc ra d liu ca tng nm, hoc c 2 nm; v ng thi cng thng k theo tng hc k, lc ra d liu ca tng hc k hoc c 2 hc k. Nh vy, chng ta cn c hai trang tng hp, l l do ti sao bc 4 trn y, ti ni bn nhn vo ty chn 2. Mi bn tip tc: 5. Trong danh sch All Ranges, chn dy u tin: A2:B8, dy ny l s liu ca hc k 1 nm 2002. 6. Nhp Year 2002 vo trong Field one. 7. Nhp Semester 1 vo trong Field two. 8. Chn tip dy th hai: D2:E8, dy ny l s liu ca hc k 1 nm 2003. 9. Nhp Year 2003 vo trong Field one.

10. Bi v trong Field two c sn Semester 1, nn thay v nhp, bn c th chn n t nt mi tn x xung. 11. Chn dy th ba: A11:B17, dy ny l s liu ca hc k 2 nm 2002. 12. Chn Year 2002 t nt mi tn x xung cho Field one. 13. Nhp Semester 2 vo trong Field two.

14. Chn dy cui cng: D11:E17, chn Year 2003 cho Field one v Semester 2 cho Field two t cc nt mi tn x xung. Nhn Next hon tt PivotTable v t n trong cng Sheet hay trong mt Sheet khc, ty bn. Thnh qu ca chng ta ging nh sau, l mt PivotTable tng hp tt c s hc sinh t yu cu ca c hai nm hc 2002 v 2003, thng k chi tit theo tng mn hc:

Nu bn nhn nhn Page 1, bn s c hai la chn: Year 2002 v Year 2003; cng vy, khi nhn nhn Page 2, bn s c hai la chn: Semester 1 v Semester 2. Bi v trong PivotTable ny ch c 1 ct, nn bn c th b ci Grand Total i bng cch: nhn phi chut vo ngay nhn Grand Total, v chn Remove Grand Total t menu m ra.

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2.4. To mt PivotTable s dng d liu ngun t mt bo co PivotTable cLa chn cui cng cho vic to mt PivotTable l da vo mt PivotTable hoc mt PivotChart c. Ni cch khc, ta s dng Summary Data ca mt PivotTable c lm Raw Data cho bo co th hai. C hai cch to mt PivotTable l da vo mt PivotTable c: Nu bn s dng Excel 2007, bn ch vic gi lnh to mt PivotTable nh vn thng lm, v chn mt PivotTable c sn lm d liu ngun cho n. Nu bn s dng PivotTable and PivotChart Wizard, nh du vo ty chn Another PivotTable or PivotChart Report bc 1 (ty chn ny ch xut hin khi bng tnh ca bn c cha t nht mt PivotTable). Sau khi bn nhn Next, bn s thy mt danh sch cc PivotTable hoc PivotChart ang c, ri bn chn mt ci lm d liu ngun.

Ti sao li s dng mt PivotTable c lm d liu ngun cho mt PivotTable khc? Trong nhiu trng hp, t nht l lc ban u, bn PivotTable th hai s c cng mt d liu ngun vi bn PivotTable th nht. Nhng vi vic nh dng cho bn PivotTable th hai, bn s to ra c hai cch xem cho cng mt d liu ngun, rt hu dng cho mt s gii php x l d liu. V d, bn c mt PivotTable tng hp d liu, nhng c l vn cn mt t rc ri (v d liu c nhiu vn cn x l). Bng cch to thm mt PivotTable na da vo PivotTable c, bn s c c mt ci nhn c th hn, d xem hn v d liu ngun. Thm na, vic to mt PivotTable s dng d liu ngun t mt PivotTable c, s t chim dng b nh h thng hn l to 2 PivotTable t mt d liu ngun. Thit ngh y cng l mt vn cn cn nhc khi chng ta phi x l nhng d liu ln. Tra cu hm Excel | Cng thc v Hm trong Excel 2007 | Cc hm ca Analysis Toolpak Addin | Nhng tuyt chiu trong Excel | Hng dn s dng Options Excel 2007 | Hng dn s dng Options Excel 2010 | Thay thi , i cuc i | Nn c trc khi gi mt cu hi hoc to mi mt ti | PivotTable & PivotChart 2007 - T cn bn n nng cao | Gp vi cc bi vit ca BNTT Dnh cho nhng ai thch nghe PianoTr Li Vi Trch Dn

2. C 26 thnh vin cm n BNTT v bi vit ny:872850, abc 2009, anhtitomo, any_151, bsg, camchuongden, cao mnh sn, conma101, dinhndtv, duyle86, galuoc87, Gbco, gystyle, H Pro, hoangdanh282vn, lanr, longlt08, nal2lan,nguyensihauvl, nhungvo, openhoang, Pha nhanhdai, thanh_a85, tumai, vantrinh107, vkmanh3. 27-12-08 11:09 AM#10

BNTTBi Nguyn Triu Tng Tham gia ngy 07 2007 Ni C Ng Dalat Bi gi 4,858 Cm n 4,102 c cm n 15,111 ln trong 3,845 bi vit

Chng 3. S dng cc cng c ca PivotTable v nh dng PivotTableExcel c mt s cng c c thit k c bit cho cc bo co PivotTable. Bn s thy nhng cng c ny trn Ribbon Options v Design, xut hin khi c mt PivotTable c kch hot.

Hnh 3.1 - Khi kch hot mt PivotTable, bn s thy c thm Ribbon Options v Design

3.1. Tm hiu PivotTable Field ListC l cng c m bn s phi ng n thng xuyn nht khi lm vic vi PivotTable l Field List. Bn dng Field List ch ra loi d liu no s c a vo bo co PivotTable, v sp xp chng trong bo co. Khi bn va ra lnh to mi mt PivotTable, bn s c mt bo co rng. Khi , PivotTable Field List hin th tt c nhng Field c trong d liu ngun. y l mt v d:

Hnh 3.2 - Mt PivotTable mi tinh, pha bn phi l PivotTable Field List, cha c field no c chn thm mt field no vo trong bo co PivotTable, bn ch cn nh du vo hp kim ngay bn cnh tn field. Excel s thm field vo mt trong 4 vng nm phn di ca PivotTable Field List. Bn vng ny l:

0. Report Filter: Nhng Field no c thm vo trong vng ny, s c dng lc ton b d liu ngun. Ni cch khc, PivotTable ch hin th nhng d liu no tha mn iu kin ca Report Filter. 1. Columns Label: Nhng Field no c thm vo trong vng ny, s c dng lm tiu ct cho bo co PivotTable. 2. Row Label: Nhng Field no c thm vo trong vng ny, s c dng lm tiu hng cho bo co PivotTable. 3. Values: Nhng Field no c thm vo trong vng ny s c tnh tng theo mc nh v hin th trn vng ni dung chnh (main body) ca PivotTable, ni cch khc, y chnh l nhng thng k t d liu ngun, m bn mun c khi s dng PivotTable. Khi bn nh du kim vo mt field no , lm sao Excel bit bn mun em field vo vng no ? n gin thi: Nu field ch cha nhng d liu l s, th n s c em vo trong vng Values, cn nu field c cha nhng loi d liu khc (text, ngy thng...) th n s c em vo trong vng Row Labels. Tuy nhin, vic Excel em field vo trong vng no th khng quan trng. Bi v bn c th di chuyn cc field t vng ny sang vng khc, nu thy cn thit. Xem v d sau y: Hnh 3.3 minh ha mt PivotTable cng vi Field List ca n. Bn s bit cch to ra PivotTable ny trong bi sau. Cn by gi, hy lt qua cc vng m ti nh s trong hnh, tng ng vi 4 vng ca Field List m ti va trnh by trn. 4. Region c t trong vng Report Filter, v n nm trong vng Filter ca bo co ( trn cao, gc tri), c chc nng lc ton b d liu ngun. 5. Date c t trong vng Row Labels, v n l cc tiu hng ca bo co PivotTable. 6. Store c t trong vng Column Labels, v n l cc tiu ct ca bo co PivotTable. 7. Camping (chnh xc hn, l Sum of Camping) c t trong vng Values, v n l cc d liu c lc ra trong bo co PivotTable. Bi tip theo s trnh by cch s dng Field List sp xp cch trnh by mt PivotTable theo nh bn mun.

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Hnh 3.3 - PivotTable Field List, vi cc field c thm vo trong 4 vng bn di