Piping codes, valve standards
and
ball valve selection
Ron Manson, March 2015
ENGINEERED & PROCESS VALVES
Valve Requirements for Piping Codes -
2
ASME B31.1 - Power Piping, 2014
ASME B31.3 - Process Piping, 2012
ASME B31.4 - Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquids and Slurries, 2012
ASME B31.8 - Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems, 2012
All the above codes list valves as a piping component.
See sections 101.1.1, 300.2, 400.1 & 803.2 respectively
ASME B31.1 - Power Piping, 2014
Listed valves (table 126.1) -
ASME B16.34 - Valves Flanged, Threaded and Weld End
MSS SP67 - Butterfly Valves
MSS SP68 - High Pressure Butterfly Valves with Offset Design
Note: the list excludes cast iron and bronze valves
107 VALVES
107.1 General
(A) Valves complying with the standards and specifications listed in Table 126.1 shall be used
within the specified pressuretemperature ratings. Unless otherwise required in the individual
standards and specifications listed in Table 126.1, such steel valves shall be pressure tested
in accordance with MSS SP-61.
(B) Valves not complying with (A) above shall be of a design, or equal to the design, that the
manufacturer recommends for the service as stipulated in para. 102.2.2. Such valves shall
be pressure tested in accordance with MSS SP-61.
ASME B31.3 - Process Piping, 2012
Listed valves (table 326.1) -
ASME B16.34 - Valves Flanged, Threaded and Weld End
MSS SP72 - Ball Valves with Flanged or Butt-Welding Ends
for General Service
API 608 - Metal Ball Valves-Flanged, Threaded and Welding Ends
Note: the list excludes cast iron and bronze valves
307 VALVES AND SPECIALTY COMPONENTS
The following requirements for valves shall also be met as applicable by other pressure
containing piping components, such as traps, strainers, and separators. See also Appendix F,
paras. F301.4 and F307.
307.1 General
307.1.1 Listed Valves. A listed valve is suitable for use in Normal Fluid Service, except as
stated in para. 307.2.
307.1.2 Unlisted Valves. Unlisted valves may be used only in accordance with para. 302.2.3.
Unless pressuretemperature ratings are established by the method set forth in ASME
B16.34, pressure design shall be qualified as required by para. 304.7.2
ASME B31.4 - Pipeline Transportation Systems
for Liquids and Slurries, 2012
Listed valves (table 423.1.1) -
ASME B16.34 - Valves Flanged, Threaded and Weld End
MSS SP68 - High Pressure Butterfly Valves with Offset Design
MSS SP72 - Ball Valves with Flanged or Butt-Welding Ends
for General Service
API 600 - Steel Gate Valves - Flanged and Butt-welding Ends,
Bolted Bonnets, Twelfth Edition
API 602 - Steel Gate, Globe and Check Valves for Sizes DN 100 and
Smaller for the Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries, 9th Ed
API 603 - Corrosion-resistant, Bolted Bonnet Gate Valves-Flanged
and Butt-welding Ends, Eighth Edition
API 6D - Specification for Pipeline and Piping Valves, 24th Ed
API 6A - Specification for Wellhead and Christmas Tree Equipment
Note: the list excludes cast iron and bronze valves
ASME B31.4 - Pipeline Transportation Systems
for Liquids and Slurries, 2012
404.5 Valves
404.5.1 General. Steel valves conforming to standards
and specifications listed in Tables 423.1-1 and 426.1-1 may be used. These valves
may contain certain cast, malleable, or wrought iron parts as provided for in API 6D.
Cast iron valves conforming to standards and specifications listed in Tables 423.1-1
and 426.1-1 may be used for pressures not to exceed 250 psi (17 bar). Care shall be
exercised to prevent excessive mechanical loading (see para. 404.4.8.3).
Working pressure ratings of the steel parts of steel valves are applicable with the
temperature limitations of -20F (-30C) to 250F (120C) (see para. 401.2.2.4).
Where resilient, rubber-like, or plastic materials are used for sealing, they shall be
capable of withstanding the fluid, pressure, and temperature specified for the piping
system.
404.5.2 Special Valves. Special valves not listed in Tables 423.1-1 and 426.1-1 shall be
permitted, provided that their design is of at least equal strength and tightness and
they are capable of withstanding the same test requirements as covered in these
standards, and structural features satisfy the material specification and test procedures
of valves in similar service set forth in the listed standards.
ASME B31.8 - Gas Transmission and Distribution
Piping Systems, 2012
Listed valves (table 423.1.1) -
ASME B16.33 - Manually Operated Metallic Gas Valves for Use in Gas Piping
Systems up to 175 psi (Sizes NPS1/2 Through NPS 2)
ASME B16.34 - Valves Flanged, Threaded, and Welding End
ASME B16.38 - Large Metallic Valves for Gas Distribution: Manually
Operated, NPS 21 .2 (DN 65) to NPS 12 (DN 300),
125 psig (8.6 bar) Maximum
API 6D - Specification for Pipeline and Piping Valves, 24th Ed
API 6A - Specification for Wellhead and Christmas Tree Equipment
Note: the list excludes cast iron and bronze valves
ASME B31.8 - Gas Transmission and Distribution
Piping Systems, 2012
831.1 Valves and Pressure-Reducing Devices
831.1.1 Valves Without Threads. Valves shall conform to standards and
specifications referenced in this Code and shall be used only in accordance
with the service recommendations of the manufacturer.
(a) Valves manufactured in accordance with the following standards may be
used: see previous list.
(b) Valves having shell (body, bonnet, cover, and/or end flange) components
made of cast ductile iron in compliance with ASTM A395 and having
dimensions conforming to ASME B16.1, ASME B16.33, ASME B16.34,
ASME B16.38, ASME B16.40, or API 6D/ISO 14313 may be used at pressures
not exceeding 80% of the pressure ratings for comparable steel valves at their
listed temperature, provided the pressure does not exceed 1,000 psig (6 900
kPa), and welding is not employed on any ductile iron component in the
fabrication of the valve shells or their assembly as part of the piping system.
(c) Valves having shell components made of cast iron shall not be used in gas
piping components for compressor stations.
Federal Codes for Transportation of
Natural and Other Gas by Pipeline
192.145 Valves. Link to an amendment published at 80 FR 181, Jan. 5, 2015.
(a) Except for cast iron and plastic valves, each valve must meet the minimum
requirements of API 6D (incorporated by reference, see 192.7), or to a national or
international standard that provides an equivalent performance level. A valve
may not be used under operating conditions that exceed the applicable pressure-
temperature ratings contained in those requirements.
(b) Each cast iron and plastic valve must comply with the following:
(1) The valve must have a maximum service pressure rating for temperatures that
equal or exceed the maximum service temperature.
(2) The valve must be tested as part of the manufacturing, as follows:
(i) With the valve in the fully open position, the shell must be tested with no
leakage to a pressure at least 1.5 times the maximum service rating.
(ii) After the shell test, the seat must be tested to a pressure not less than 1.5
times the maximum service pressure rating. Except for swing check valves, test
pressure during the seat test must be applied successively on each side of the
closed valve with the opposite side open. No visible leakage is permitted.
http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=ecc3a912a352bd47a972be39ffa6d93e&node=20150105y1.26
Federal Codes for Transportation of
Natural and Other Gas by Pipeline
(iii) After the last pressure test is completed, the valve must be operated through its
full travel to demonstrate freedom from interference.
(c) Each valve must be able to meet the anticipated operating conditions.
(d) No valve having shell (body, bonnet, cover, and/or end flange) components
made of ductile iron may be used at pressures exceeding 80 percent of the
pressure ratings for comparable steel valves at their listed temperature. However, a
valve having shell components made of ductile iron may be used at pressures up to
80 percent of the pressure ratings for comparable steel valves at their listed
temperature, if:
(1) The temperature-adjusted service pressure does not exceed 1,000 p.s.i. (7 Mpa)
gage; and
(2) Welding is not used on any ductile iron component in the fabrication of the valve
shells or their assembly.
(e) No valve having shell (body, bonnet, cover, and/or end flange) components
made of cast iron, malleable iron, or ductile iron may be used in the gas pipe
components of compressor stations.
[35 FR 13257
