16
Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development

Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development

  • Upload
    leda

  • View
    106

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

DESCRIPTION

Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development. Piaget proposed that cognitive development, or development of mental abilities, occurs as we adapt to the changing world around us. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Citation preview

Page 1: Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development

Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive

Development

Page 2: Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development

• Piaget proposed that cognitive development, or development of mental abilities, occurs as we adapt to the changing world around us.

• According to Piaget adaption to the world around us occurs through two closely related processes called assimilation and accommodation.

Page 3: Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development

Assilimation• Involves the process of taking in new

information and fitting it into and making it part of a existing mental idea (schema) about objects or the world.

• For example an infant may see a truck and call it a car because the infants schema only has knowledge of cars.

Page 4: Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development

Accommodation• Sometimes we can not

assimilate information into our existing schema therefore we must accommodate.

• Accommodation refers to changing an existing schema in order to fit in new information.

Page 5: Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development

Sensorimotor Stage (birth to two years)

• In this stage infants construct their understanding of the world by coordinating sensory experiences with motor abilities.

• At the end of this stage an infant should have mastered the following two cognitive accomplishments:– Object Permanence– Goal directed behaviour

Page 6: Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development

Object Permanence• Object Permanence refers to the

understanding that objects still exist even if they cannot be seen or touched.

• For example peek-a-boo game, out of sight, really is out of mind!

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BFUInSY2CeY&feature=related

Page 7: Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development

Goal- Directed Behaviour• An infant at this stage develops goal-directed

behaviour which is behaviour carried out with a particular interest in mind. They will be begin to think about things that want and how it get them.

Page 8: Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development

Pre-operational Stage(2-7 years)

At this stage the infant becomes more able to think about and imagine things in their own mind. The key cognitive accomplishments at this stage are:

- Egocentrism- Animism- Transformation- Centration- Reversibility.

Page 9: Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development

Egocentrism• Children in this stage are unable or have difficulty

in seeing things from another person’s perspective.

• For example a child may want a toy truck for his birthday, when then child is asked what their mother would like for her birthday the child may say toy truck.

• http://www.youtube.com/• watch?v=OinqFgsIbh0

Page 10: Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development

Animism• The belied that everything which exists has a

conscience awareness.

• For example a child may tell you off for banging your books on the table because you will ‘hurt’ the table if you bang it too hard

Page 11: Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development

Transformation• Understanding that something can change

from one for or state to another.

• For example a child may understand an ice block, then a glass of water but not comprehend the melting process of how it has changed forms

Page 12: Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development

Centration• This process involves a child only being able to

focus on one quality or feature of an object at a time.

Reversibility• The ability to follow a line of reasoning back to

its original starting point.• For example Jim was asked if he has a brother,

he replied ‘’Yes, his name is Tom”. Jim was then asked does Tom have a brother, he replied “no”.

Page 13: Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development

Concrete Operational Stage

(7-12 years)• The thinking of a concrete operational chilld revolve around what they know and what they can experience. The key cognitive accomplishments in this stage are:

• Conservation• Classification

Page 14: Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development

Conservation• Refers to the idea that an object does not

change its weight, mass volume or area when the object changes its shape or appearance.

• http://teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?video_id=55837&title=Piaget_Conservation_Tasks

Page 15: Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development

Classification• The ability to organise

information into categories based on common features that sets them apart from other classes or groups.

• For example pre-operational child will be able to classify farm animals and understand although they are all together they all belong to different groups.

Page 16: Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development

Formal Operational Stage12 years+

• More complex thought processes become evident in this stage the key cognitive accomplishments:

• Abstract ThinkingA way of thinking that does not rely on visualising concepts in order to understand them.

• Logical Thinking Individuals are able to develop strategies, solve

problems and identify solutions to problems.