Physics Worksheet Vibrations and Waves Section: Name:

Mr. Lin 1

Do Now:

What is vibration? ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ Vibrations and Waves

1. Define Period and write its symbol/unit: ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________

2. Define Frequency and write its symbol/unit: ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 3. What are the relation between Period and Frequency: ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 4. If an electromagnetic wave has frequency 5.0 x 106 Hz,

what is the period of the wave? What type of wave is that? 5. If an electromagnetic wave has period 2.0 x 10-9 s, what is

the frequency of the wave? What type of wave is that? 6. What is wave? ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 7. What is crest? ________________________________________________ 8. What is trough? ________________________________________________ 9. What is amplitude? ________________________________________________ 10. What is wavelength? ________________________________________________

11. Identify the parts of wave and vibration:

12. Non-digital clocks have a second hand that rotates

around in a regular and repeating fashion. The frequency of rotation of a second hand on a clock is _______ Hz.

Speed of Waves

13. An echo (reflection of the scream off a nearby canyon wall) is heard 0.82 seconds after the scream. The speed of the sound wave in air is 342 m/s. Calculate the distance from the person to the nearby canyon wall.

14. Speed of wave = ______________________________ = ______________________________ Formula: ____________________________________ Units: _______________________________________ 15. The time required for the sound waves (v = 340 m/s) to

travel from the 512-Hz tuning fork to 20 m away is? 16. Mac and Tosh are resting on top of the water near the

end of the pool when Mac creates a surface wave. The wave travels the length of the pool and back in 25 seconds. The pool is 25 meters long. Determine the speed of the wave.

Physics Worksheet Vibrations and Waves Section: Name:

Mr. Lin 2

17. The water waves travel at a speed of 2.5 m/s and

splashing periodically against Wilbert's perch. Each adjacent crest is 5 meters apart. The crests splash Wilbert's feet upon reaching his perch. How much time passes between each successive drenching?

18. A ruby-throated hummingbird beats its wings at a rate of

about 70 wing beats per second. (a) What is the frequency in Hertz of the sound wave? (b) Assuming the sound wave moves with a velocity of 350 m/s, what is the wavelength of the wave?

19. Two boats are anchored 4 meters apart. They bob up and

down, returning to the same up position every 3 seconds. When one is up the other is down. There are never any wave crests between the boats. Calculate the speed of the waves.

20. If an electromagnetic wave has period 4.0 x 10-15 s, what

is the frequency of the wave? What is the wavelength of the wave? Which type of wave is that?

Types of Waves 21. Define transverse waves: _______________________________________________ ______________________________________________. 22. Define Longitudinal waves: _______________________________________________ ______________________________________________.

23. Identify the types of waves:

Interference

24. The principle of superposition of waves: _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 25. Define Constructive Interference: _____________________________________________ 26. Define Destructive Interference: _____________________________________________ 27. Two circular waves overlap each other will form an _____________________________________________

Gray Spokes: _____________________________________________ Light- & dark-striped: _____________________________________________

Physics Worksheet Vibrations and Waves Section: Name:

Mr. Lin 3

28. Reflection from a Fixed Boundary: at a fixed boundary, the displacement is _______________________________

and the reflected wave ____________________________.

29. Reflection from a Free Boundary: at a free boundary,

the restoring force is _____________________________

and the reflected wave ____________________________.

30. Standing Wave: may be created from

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

______________________________________________.

31. Parts of the Standing Wave:

Node:

_______________________________________________

______________________________________________. Anti-node:

_______________________________________________

______________________________________________. Identify the Nodes and Anti-Nodes in the standing wave:

32. Various standing waves can be produced by

______________________________________________. If the length of the rope is L, identify the wavelength of the standing wave in each of the following cases.

33. The wavelengths and frequencies of standing waves are:

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

34. The frequencies of the standing waves on a particular

string are called _________________________________.

They are also referred to as the _____________________

and ___________________________________________.

35. If the length of the rope is 2 meters, and the wave speed of the rope is 10 m/s, (a) label the fundamental and harmonics, (b) calculate the wavelength of the standing wave in each of the following cases, and (c) calculate the frequency of the standing wave in each of the following cases.

36. Standing waves can be produced in

______________________________________________. 37. Identify the standing waves with open ended, close 1

end, and close 2 ends

_____________ _______________ ______________

Physics Worksheet Vibrations and Waves Section: Name:

Mr. Lin 4

Doppler Effect

38. Define Doppler Effect: _______________________________________________ ______________________________________________. 39. When a wave source create ripple at a fixed position and

at constant frequency” (a) ______________________________________________ (b) ______________________________________________ (c) _____________________________________________. (d) ______________________________________________ 40. If the wave source moves across the water toward A at a

speed less than the water speed, the wave motion at point A would be at ________________ frequency than point B.

The greater speed of the source, the _________________ will be the Doppler effect The Doppler effect is about the change of the _____________________________________ of the wave, not the change of ________________________________.

41. In the electromagnetic spectrum:

Light source approaches, frequency __________________

is called _______________________________________. Light source recedes, frequency _____________________

is called _______________________________________. A measurement of this shift enables astronomers to calculate stars’ __________________________________.

Bow Waves & Shock Waves 42. Sketch the circular waves under various conditions

between the speed of wave source (v) and speed of the wave (vw): (a) v = 0

(b) v < vw (c) v = vw (d) v > vw

43. What is bow wave? _______________________________________________ ______________________________________________.

44. What is shock wave? _______________________________________________ ______________________________________________.

45. What is a sonic boom? _______________________________________________ ______________________________________________.

Physics Worksheet Vibrations and Waves Section: Name:

Mr. Lin 5

46. A sound with a frequency of 680 Hz is traveling at 340 m/s. What is the length of an open air column that resonates this sound at its shortest resonant length?

47. The air temperature in a room is 25oC. A tuning fork resonates over a closed tube 20.0 cm long, its shortest resonant length. What is the wavelength of the sound?

48. The diagram on the left shows a rope wave traveled towards right at t = 0 second, while the diagram on the right shows the same rope wave after 4 seconds. If all the grids represent 1 meter, (a) what the wavelength and amplitude of the rope wave? (b) What are the period, frequency, and wave speed of the rope wave? (c) If a point O of the rope is located at origin, how much distance does it travel in those four 4 seconds? (d) What’s the y-coordinate of point O when t = 2.5 seconds?

49. What are transverse wave and longitudinal wave? Please give examples. What are their differences?

50. Hit and place a 512 Hz tuning fork near the top of a graduate cylinder. When the water level is reduced to 155 cm and the height of a graduate cylinder is 170 cm, we got a loudest sound. How can we calculate the speed of sound?

x (m) x (m)

y (m) y (m)

O O

Physics Worksheet Vibrations and Waves Section: Name:

Mr. Lin 6

51. Indicate the interval which represents one full wavelength. a. a to c b. b to d c. a to g d. c to g

52. The period of an ocean wave is 10 seconds. What is the wave’s

frequency? a. 0.10 Hz b. 5.0 Hz c. 10.0 Hz d. 20.0 Hz e. 30.0 Hz

53. The time required for the waves (v = 340 m/s) to travel from

the tuning fork to point P is a. 0.020 sec. b. 0.059 sec. c. 0.59 sec. d. 2.9 sec.

54. Two waves are traveling through the same container of

nitrogen gas. Wave A has a wavelength of 1.5 m. Wave B has a wavelength of 4.5 m. The speed of wave B must be ________ the speed of wave A. a. one-ninth b. one-third c. the same as d. three times larger than

55. Doubling the frequency of a wave source doubles the speed of

the waves. a. True b. False

56. Dawn and Aram have stretched a slinky between them and

begin experimenting with waves. As the frequency of the waves is doubled, a. the wavelength is halved and the speed remains constant b. the wavelength remains constant and the speed is doubled c. both the wavelength and the speed are halved. d. both the wavelength and the speed remain constant.

57. A wave has two crests and two troughs each second. If the

wave travels an average distance of 8 meters in 4 seconds, its wavelength is a. 20 m. b. 15 m. c. 10 m. d. 1 m. e. 0 m.

58. Radio waves travel at the speed of light, 300,000 km/s. The

wavelength of a radio wave received at 200 megahertz is a. 0.7 m. b. 1.5 m. c. 6.7 m. d. 15 m.

59. A skipper on a boat notices wave crests passing the anchor chain every 6.0 seconds. The skipper estimates the distance between crests at 30.0 m. What is the speed of the water waves? a. 5.0 m/s b. 6.0 m/s c. 30.0 m/s d. not enough information given

60. A wave has an amplitude of 2 cm and a frequency of 12 Hz,

and the distance from a crest to the nearest trough is measured to be 5 cm. Determine the period of such a wave.

61. An automatic focus camera is able to focus on objects by use

of an ultrasonic sound wave. The camera sends out sound waves which reflect off distant objects and return to the camera. A sensor detects the time it takes for the waves to return and then determines the distance an object is from the camera. If a sound wave (speed = 340 m/s) returns to the camera 0.150 seconds after leaving the camera, how far away is the object?

62. While hiking through a canyon, Noah Formula lets out a

scream. An echo (reflection of the scream off a nearby canyon wall) is heard 1.6 seconds after the scream. The speed of the sound wave in air is 345 m/s. Calculate the distance from Noah to the nearby canyon wall.

63. A marine weather station reports waves along the shore that

are 2 meters high, 8 meters long, and reach the station 8 seconds apart. Determine the frequency and the speed of these waves.