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PHOTOSYNTHESIS
What is the MAIN
purpose of photosynthesis?
PHOTOSYNTHESISWhat is the
MAIN purpose of
photosynthesis?To make:
GLUCOSE (food)
Carbon + Hydrogen + Oxygen
What organisms can make their own food?
What organisms can make their own food?
AUTOTROPHS (PRODUCERS)Example: Plants
What organisms must obtain their food?
What organisms must obtain their food?HETEROTROPHS (CONSUMERS)
Examples: Mushrooms, cows, bacteria, humans, fish, birds
• How is energy stored and released from ATP?
• Where is the chemical bond broken to release energy?
• How is energy stored and released from ATP?• Where is the chemical bond broken to release
energy?
Energy is stored in chemical bonds and released when bond is broken between 2nd & 3rd Phosphate groups.
1 2 3
Why is ATP compared to a battery?
ATP contains energy like a battery ADP + P (Uncharged Battery)
2 phosphate groups has low energy ATP (Charged Battery)
3 phosphate groups has high energy
What color wavelengths are best for photosynthesis?
What color wavelengths are best for photosynthesis?
VIOLET & BLUE
What is important about absorbed and reflected light?
Absorbed Light is
Used Light!!!
Green is reflected by
the green chlorophyll (pigment/protein)
Which kind of wavelength has more energy?
Longer?
or
Shorter?
Longer
or
Shorter
Which kind of wavelength has more energy?
What are pigments? What do pigments do?
What are pigments? What do pigments do?
Pigments are proteins!Pigments absorb light!
What makes plants green?
What makes plants green?CHLOROPHYLL (Pigment)
What are the 3 reactants in the photosynthesis chemical reaction?
Hint: 3 things to make a plant grow
• Sunlight• H₂O• CO₂
What are the 3 reactants in the photosynthesis chemical reaction?
What is the equation for photosynthesis?_____+ _____+ _____ → _______ + ___
REACTANTS → PRODUCTS
What is the equation for photosynthesis?
REACTANTS → PRODUCTS
What is oxygen in the photosynthesis process?
What is oxygen in the photosynthesis process? WASTE PRODUCT!!
Intentionally left blank
Who conducted the experiment that determined plant growth needed water and was important part
of photosynthesis equation?
CO2 + H₂O → Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O2
Van HelmontHint: “H” for H2O
CO2 + H₂O → Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O2Van Helmont’s experiment concluded that the plant must
have gotten its additional mass from H2O since that was all that the plant received.
Who conducted the experiment that determined plants release oxygen (O₂) and was an important
part of the photosynthesis equation?
CO2 + H₂O → Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O2
Priestly
(Think: Priests put candles in churches)
Priestly found the plant released OXYGEN from his experiment keeping mouse and flame alive.
CO2 + H2O → Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O₂
Who conducted the experiment that determined plants need sunlight and was an important part of
the photosynthesis equation?
Potato is used as
the control
Ingenhouz Hint: think “light house”
Ingenhouz repeated Priestly’s experiment but tried it with and without sunlight to see if that was necessary. He found sunlight was an important part of photosynthesis.
CO2 + H2O → Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O2
Who conducted the experiment that determined that photosynthesis had a cycle that created glucose from CO₂ and
was an important part of the photosynthesis equation?
?
GLUCOSE
CO₂
Calvin
Calvin came up with the Calvin Cycle and showed how plants take ATP and NADPH to change CO2 →C6H12O6 (glucose)
CO2 + H2O → Sunlight → C6H12O6 + O2
GLUCOSE
CO₂
What is this organelle?
Complete this diagram of photosynthesis
C₆ H₁₂ O₂ (glucose)
ThylakoidsLight Dependent
Reaction
SUNLIGHT
H₂O
O₂ (waste product)
CO₂
ATP
NADPH
Calvin Cycle
Light Independent
Reaction
LIGHT DEPENDENT REACTION (NEEDS SUNLIGHT)
WHY IS SUNLIGHT NEEDED?
LIGHT DEPENDENT REACTION (NEEDS SUNLIGHT)
WHY IS SUNLIGHT NEEDED?
To break down (blow up)
WATER (H2O)to make
ATP & NADPH(energy)
How is energy carried in ATP?How is energy carried in NADPH?
How is energy carried in ATP?How is energy carried in NADPH?
In the CHEMICAL BOND
In the H+ and Electrons
LIGHT INDEPENDENT REACTION (DOES NOT NEED SUNLIGHT)
Where does Glucose C₆H₁₂O₆ get its carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the Calvin Cycle?
Glucose C₆H₁₂O₆
LIGHT INDEPENDENT REACTION (DOES NOT NEED SUNLIGHT)
Where does Glucose C₆H₁₂O₆ get
its carbon, hydrogen, and
oxygen in the Calvin Cycle?
CO₂and
NADPH Glucose C₆H₁₂O₆
10 PGAL
Where does the Calvin Cycle (Light Independent Reaction) take place?
2 PGAL
12 PGARuBP
10 PGAL
GLUCOSE
CO₂
12 PGAL
CALVIN CYCLE
10 PGAL
Where does the Calvin Cycle (Light Independent Reaction) take place?
2 PGAL
12 PGARuBP
GLUCOSE
CO₂
12 PGAL
STROMA
10 PGAL
“The Stroma is the space where the cycle takes place.”
CALVIN CYCLE
10 PGAL
Must know the flow of carbon molecules through the Calvin Cycle
2 PGAL
12 PGARuBP
10 PGAL
GLUCOSE
CO₂
12 PGAL
CALVIN CYCLE
PGAL
RuBP
PGA
GLUCOSE
C₆H₁₂O₆
CO₂
Must know the flow of carbon molecules through the Calvin Cycle
Let’s simplify it!!!
ATP & NADPH (Energy)
CALVIN CYCLE
10 PGAL
2 PGAL
12 PGARuBP
GLUCOSE
CO₂
12 PGAL
How many times does the Calvin Cycle go around to make glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆)?
10 PGAL
CALVIN CYCLE
10 PGAL
2 PGAL
12 PGARuBP
GLUCOSE
CO₂
12 PGAL
How many times does the Calvin Cycle go around to make glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆)?
10 PGAL
CALVIN CYCLE
