photoshop7.0 FINAL.pdf

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LESSON 1 - Adobe Photoshop 7.0 Workspace .................................................................................. 1

Starting Adobe Photoshop 7.0 and Opening Files ............................................................................... 1

Adobe Photoshop 7.0 Workspace .............................................................................................................. 1

The Toolbox ......................................................................................................................................................... 2

Tools ............................................................................................................................................................. 3

Toolbox Controls ..................................................................................................................................... 5

Palettes .................................................................................................................................................................. 6

Keyboard Shortcuts ............................................................................................................................................... 9

LESSON 2 - Image and Color Basics................................................................................................. 13

Image Size and Resolution .......................................................................................................................... 13

How to Create, Open, Duplicate, and Save Images ............................................................................. 13

Creating a New Image ........................................................................................................................ 13

Opening an Existing Image ............................................................................................................... 14

Duplicating an Image .......................................................................................................................... 15

Saving an Image .................................................................................................................................... 15

Resizing, Resampling, and Cropping ....................................................................................................... 15

Resizing ..................................................................................................................................................... 15

Resampling .............................................................................................................................................. 16

Duplicating an Image .......................................................................................................................... 16

Selecting Colors ............................................................................................................................................... 17

Foreground and Background Colors ............................................................................................. 17

The Color Picker ..................................................................................................................................... 18

The Color Palette ................................................................................................................................... 19

The Swatches Palette ........................................................................................................................... 19

The Eyedropper Tool ........................................................................................................................... 19

LESSON 3 - Selections .................................................................................................................... 23

Selecting and Deselecting a Portion of an Image ............................................................................... 23

The Marquee Tools ............................................................................................................................... 23

The Lasso Tools ...................................................................................................................................... 24

The Magic Wand Tool ......................................................................................................................... 27

Transforming, Moving, and Duplicating Selections ................................................................. 27

Copying Selection from One Image to Another .................................................................................. 29

LESSON 4 - Layers and Blend Modes ............................................................................................. 31

Working with Layers ....................................................................................................................................... 31

Creating New Layer .............................................................................................................................. 31

Renaming Layers ................................................................................................................................... 32

Duplicating Layers ................................................................................................................................ 33

Switching Between Layers ................................................................................................................. 33

Reordering Layers ................................................................................................................................. 33

Locking Layers ........................................................................................................................................ 34

Merging Layers ...................................................................................................................................... 34

Deleting Layers ...................................................................................................................................... 35

Mixing Images .................................................................................................................................................. 35

Adjusting Opacity ................................................................................................................................. 35

Blend Modes ........................................................................................................................................... 36

LESSON 5 - Working with Text ....................................................................................................... 39

Adding Text using Type Tool ...................................................................................................................... 39

Creating the Text Layer................................................................................................................................... 39

Warping Text ...................................................................................................................................................... 41

LESSON 6 - Retouching and Repairing Tools .................................................................................. 43

Healing Brush Tool .......................................................................................................................................... 43

Patch Tool ........................................................................................................................................................... 45

Using the Patch Tool ............................................................................................................................ 46

Patching from Source .......................................................................................................................... 46

Patching from Destination ................................................................................................................. 47

Clone Stamp Tool .......................................................................................................................................... 49

Blur, Sharpen and Smudge ........................................................................................................................ 51

Using Blur, Sharpen and Smudge Tools ....................................................................................... 51

Dodge, Burn and Sponge ............................................................................................................................. 52

Using Dodge, Burn and Sponge Tools .......................................................................................... 52

The History Palette ........................................................................................................................................ 54

Renaming Layers ................................................................................................................................... 55

LESSON 7 - Drawing and Painting .................................................................................................. 57

The Paint Tools .................................................................................................................................................. 57

Paintbrush Tool ...................................................................................................................................... 57

Pencil Tool ............................................................................................................................................... 58

Gradient Tool .......................................................................................................................................... 58

Paint Bucket Tool .................................................................................................................................. 59

Standard Eraser Tool ...................................................................................................................................... 60

Background Eraser Tool ................................................................................................................................ 63

Magic Eraser Tool .......................................................................................................................................... 63

LESSON 8 - Printing Image ............................................................................................................. 67

Choosing a Printer and Page Setup ......................................................................................................... 69

Changing the Print Settings ........................................................................................................................ 69

An Outcomes-Based Manual on Photoshop 7.0

Lesson 1: Adobe Photoshop Workspace

1

LESSON OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the lesson, the student is expected to:

1. Launch Photoshop and open files

2. Name the parts of the Photoshop workspace

3. Discuss the capability of every Photoshop tool

4. Determine the functions of palettes

5. Identify keyboard shortcuts for Photoshop commands

LESSON OUTLINE:

Starting Adobe Photoshop 7.0 and Opening Files

Adobe Photoshop 7.0 Workspace

Tools

Palettes

Keyboard Shortcuts

Lesson 1 Adobe Photoshop 7.0 Workspace

1.1 Starting Adobe Photoshop 7.0 and Opening Files

Adobe Photoshop 7.0, or simply Photoshop, is a

powerful software used by designers and graphic

producers in creating and editing images; from simple to

sophisticated images. It has many tools ideal for drawing,

painting, retouching, and other image-editing tasks. It

also has integrated Web tools.

New users may find Photoshop difficult to learn

and use because of its wide variety of tools and options.

This book will provide you the step-by-step guides for the

most useful features of Photoshop.

To launch Adobe Photoshop 7.0

1. Double-click the icon or click

Start from the Windows taskbar

2. Go to All Programs

3. Open Adobe folder

4. Select Adobe Photoshop 7.0

To open a file

1. Click File from the menu bar

2. Select Open

3. Choose a file and click Open

1.2 Adobe Photoshop 7.0 Workspace

After the launch process is complete, the Adobe Photoshop workspace will appear.

By default, it will appear in standard screen mode.


Lesson 1: Adobe Photoshop Workspace 2

Title Bar displays the applications name (Adobe Photoshop). In image windows it

displays the Name, Zoom Level, Layer Name, and Color Mode of the current file

Menu Bar like other applications, it gives access to different commands and

options. Some commands and options can be accessed by pressing combination of

keys (keyboard shortcuts)

Palettes display sets of commonly used options in Photoshop

Image Window displays the images for editing

Document Information Menu contains different information about the current

file such as Document Sizes, Document Profile, Document Dimensions, Scratch Sizes,

Efficiency, Timing, and Current Tool

Toolbox holds the different tools for creating and or editing images

Tool Options Bar contains the tool presets and properties of the active tool

Tool Description displays information about the active tool

1.3 The Toolbox

The toolbox is located in the left side of the workspace. It

holds the quick access to Adobe Online and ImageReady, the tools,

and the toolbox controls.



3

1.3.1 Tools

To activate a tool, click the button on the toolbox. A tiny triangle located at the lower

right corner of a button indicates that there are other variations available for the tool

or there are other tools within that button. To access these, right-click the button or

press the appropriate key for the tool group

*The letters in parenthesis following the name of the tool are the tools or tool groups

keyboard shortcut opened.

Figure 1.2 Toolbox

Rectangular Marquee Tool (M) draws

rectangular selection

Move Tool (V) moves a selection or

layer

Elliptical Marquee Tool (M) draws

elliptical selection

Magic Wand Tool (W) selects area of

similarly colored pixels

Single Row Marquee Tool draws

single row selection

Slice Tool (K) cuts image into

rectangular sections

Single Column Marquee Tool draws

single column selection

Slice Select Tool (K) moves or resizes

a section or slice

Lasso Tool (L) draws freeform

selection

Brush Tool (B) paints using the

foreground color

Polygonal Lasso Tool (L) draws set of

segment points to form a selection

Pencil Tool (B) draws freeform lines

and shapes

Magnetic Lasso Tool (L)

automatically traces the edges of the defined

areas

History Brush Tool (Y) paints from a

previous history state or selected snapshot

Crop Tool (C) retains the part of the

image inside its rectangular frame

Art History Brush Tool (Y) works like

History Brush but can create artistic effects

Healing Brush Tool (J) corrects

pixels of an image with pixels from another

image

Gradient Tool (G) fills selection or

layer with gradual transition of colors

Patch Tool (J) repairs pixels of an Paint Bucket Tool (G) fills selection



area with pixels from another area with foreground color

Clone Stamp Tool (S) creates

duplicate of the defined image

Dodge Tool (O) lightens pixels of the

desired area

Pattern Stamp Tool (S) paints

predefined or custom patterns

Burn Tool (O) darkens pixels of the

desired area

Eraser Tool (E) paints the

background color or erases pixels in a layer

to reveal the layers below

Sponge Tool (O) decreases the

saturation of the desired area

Background Eraser Tool (E) erases

pixels and automatically converts the

background into a new layer

Horizontal Type Tool (T) inserts text

in the image horizontally

Magic Eraser Tool (E) works like

Magic Wand Tool but erases the area instead

of selecting it

Vertical Type Tool (T) inserts text in

the image vertically

Blur Tool (R) diffuses the contrast of

the desired area

Horizontal Type Mask Tool (T) draws

text selections in the image horizontally

Sharpen Tool (R) increases the

contrast of the desired area

Vertical Type Mask Tool (T) draws

text selections in the image vertically

Smudge Tool (R) spreads the color

of the desired area

Rectangle Tool (U) draws a rectangle

filled with foreground color

Path Selection Tool (A) selects and or

drags subpaths

Rounded Rectangle Tool (U) draws a

rectangle with curved corners filled with

foreground color

Direct Selection Tool (A) selects and

or drags segment of a selected path

Ellipse Tool (U) draws an ellipse or

circle filled with foreground color

Pen Tool (P) adds points to a path Polygon Tool (U) draws a polygon

filled with foreground color

Freeform Pen Tool (P) draws a

freeform path

Line Tool (U) draws a line with

foreground color

Add Anchor Point Tool inserts point

to a path

Custom Shape Tool (U) draws a

custom shape filled with foreground color

Delete Anchor Point Tool removes

point from a path

Eyedropper Tool (I) selects a

foreground color from the image



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Convert Point Tool sharpens smooth

arcs and smoothens corners

Color Sampler Tool (I) evaluates

colors of pixels in the Info Palette

Notes Tool (N) inserts a text note

Measure Tool (I) measures angles

and distances of the image in the Info

Palette

Audio Anotation Tool (N) inserts an

audio comment

Zoom Tool (Z) magnifies the image

for clearer view

Hand Tool (H) scrolls image in

desired direction

You can modify the performance of any tool except the measure tool on the tool

options bar. The tool options bar displays the major tool controls of the active tool. You can

change the active tool properties by checking boxes, clicking icons, and choosing options

from pop-up menus on the tool options bar. It is located below the menu bar.

Figure 1.3 Tool Options Bar

1.3.2 Toolbox Controls

The toolbox controls is located at the lower portion of the toolbox. It consists of 9

controls. The controls are grouped into three: for setting foreground and background colors,

for editing modes, and for screen views.

Figure 1.4 Toolbox Controls



Setting Foreground and Background Colors

Set foreground color displays the Color Picker and sets the color used by the brush,

pencil, paint bucket, shape, and type tools

Set background color displays the Color Picker and sets the color used by the

eraser tool and in filling areas when clearing selections in the background layer

Switch Foreground and Background Colors (X) exchanges the foreground and

background colors

Default Foreground and Background Colors (D) restores the default foreground

and background colors (black and white respectively)

Editing Modes

Edit in Standard Mode (Q) default editing mode; displays the image in standard

view and views selections as dotted lines

Edit in Quick Mask Mode (Q) enables to edit boundaries using paint tools. Paint

areas with white to select, and black to deselect. Deselected areas are covered with

red

Screen Views

Standard Screen Mode (F) displays Photoshop workspace in standard window

mode

Full Screen Mode with Menu Bar displays Photoshop workspace in full screen

including the menu bar on top

Full Screen Mode displays Photoshop workspace in full screen, removing the

Photoshops menu, title, and scroll bars, and Windows taskbar

1.4 Palettes

There are 13 palettes available

in Photoshop. Others call

them as floating palettes

because every palette is

independent to other palettes

and to the image window. By

default, palettes are grouped

together. You can regroup,

hide, and unhide palettes to

suit your work. Format texts

used in the images through

the Character Palette

Figure 1.5 Character Palette



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Format paragraphs

using the Paragraph

Palette

Figure 1.6 Paragraph Palette

Zoom in and out the image through

the Navigator Palette and view the

current selections information in the

Info Palette

Figure 1.7 Navigator Palette

Figure 1.8 Info Palette

Change the foreground and

background colors from the

Color Palette

Figure 1.9 Color Palette



Choose from the generic set of colors in the

Swatches Palette and fill objects with style

through the Styles Palette

Figure 1.10 Swatches Palette

Figure 1.11 Styles Palette

History Palette saves previous states of the image. Select the desired state to undo or redo

changes

Figure 1.12 History Palette

Actions Palettes provides predefined actions. Select one to

play or create custom actions

Figure 1.13 Actions Palette

Select predefined settings of the active

tool from the Tool Presets Palette

Figure 1.14 Tool Presets Palette



9

Add, edit, delete, or rearrange the

layers in the Layers Palette

F

i

g

Figure 1.15 Layers Palette

View individual color channels used in the

image in the Channels Palette


Create, modify, and remove paths for

vector in the Paths Palette


1.5 Keyboard Shortcuts

Command Shortcut Command Shortcut

New Ctrl + N Layer

Open Ctrl + O New Shft + Ctrl + N

Browse Shft + Ctrl + O Layer via Copy Ctrl + J

Open As Alt + Ctrl + O Layer via Cut Shft + Ctrl + J

Close Ctrl + W Group with Previous Ctrl + G

Save Ctrl + S Ungroup Shft + Ctrl + G

Save As Shft + Ctrl + S Bring to Front Shft + Ctrl + ]



Save for Web Alt + Shft + Ctrl + S Bring Forward Ctrl + ]

Page Setup Shft + Ctrl + P Send Backward Ctrl + [

Print with Preview Ctrl + P Send to Back Shft + Ctrl + [

Print Alt + Ctrl + P Merge Layers Ctrl + E

Print One Copy Alt + Shft + Ctrl + P Merge Visible Shft + Ctrl + E

Jump to ImageReady Shft + Ctrl + M Select All Ctrl + A

Exit Ctrl + Q Deselect Ctrl + D

Undo/Redo Ctrl + Z Reselect Shft + Ctrl + D

Step Forward Shft + Ctrl + Z Inverse Shft + Ctrl + I

Step Backward Alt + Ctrl + Z Last Filter Ctrl + F

Fade Shft + Ctrl + F Extract Alt + Ctrl + X

Cut Ctrl + X Liquify Shft + Ctrl + X

Copy Ctrl + C Pattern Maker Alt + Shft + Ctrl + X

Copy Merged Shft + Ctrl + C Proof Colors Ctrl + Y

Paste Ctrl + V Gamut Warning Shft + Ctrl + Y

Paste Into Shft + Ctrl + V Zoom In Ctrl + +

Clear Del Zoom Out Ctrl + -

Fill Shft + F5 Fit on Screen Ctrl + 0

Free Transform Ctrl + T Actual Pixels Alt + Ctrl + 0

Transform Again Shft + Ctrl + T Extras Ctrl + H

Color Settings Shft + Ctrl + K Target Path Shft + Ctrl + H

General Preferences Ctrl + K Grid Ctrl +

Levels Ctrl + L Guides Ctrl + ;

Auto Levels Shft + Ctrl + L Snap Shft + Ctrl + ;

Auto Contrast Alt + Shft + Ctrl + L Snap to Ctrl + ;

Auto Color Shft + Ctrl + B Lock Guides Alt + Ctrl + ;

Curves Ctrl + M Close All Shft + Ctrl + W

Color Balance Ctrl + B Help F1

Hue/Saturation Ctrl + U Toggle Visibility

Desaturate Shft + Ctrl + U Color Palette F6

Invert Ctrl + I Layers Palette F7

Info Palette F8

Actions Palette F9

All Palettes Shft + Tab

All Palettes and

Toolbar

Tab



11

NAME :

SECTION :

DATE :

Lesson 1 Exercise

Instruction Pt. Score

1. Open Adobe Photoshop 7.0 3

2. Open an image file from My Pictures folder 3

3. Set the foreground color to red 3

4. Set the background color to blue 3

5. Switch the foreground and background colors 3

6. Select the brush tool 3

7. Set the brush size to 19 3

8. Activate full screen mode 3

9. Activate standard screen mode 3

10. Close Adobe Photoshop 7.0 3

Total

30

SCORE


Lesson 2: Image and Color Basics 12


Lesson 2: Image and Color Basics

13

13

LESSON OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the lesson, the student is expected to :

1. Discuss the difference of image size and resolution

2. Create, open, duplicate, and or save images

3. Resize and crop images 4. Identify the methods of

selecting colors in Photoshop

LESSON OUTLINE:

Image Size and Resolution

Create, Open, Duplicate, and Save Images

Resizing and Cropping

Selecting Colors o Foreground and

Background Color o Using the Color

Picker o The Color Palette o The Swatches

Palette o Using the

Eyedropper Tool

Lesson 2 Image and Color Basics

2.1 Image Size and Resolution

Image size and resolution differ from one another.

Image size refers to the physical dimensions (width and

height) of the image. While resolution, refers to pixels per

inch (ppi) of the image for printing.

To open the image size dialog box

1. Click Image from the menu bar

2. Select Image Size

Figure 2.1 Image Size Dialog Box

2.2 How to Create, Open, Duplicate, and Save

Images

2.2.1 Creating a New Image

To open new dialog box


2. Select New or press Ctrl + N

3. Specify the name, units of measure,

dimensions, resolution, and color mode

4. Click Ok

Figure 2.2 New Dialog Box



If there is an image in the Clipboard, the new dialog box will show the width, height, and

resolution of the image

Units of Measure

Width: pixels, inches, centimeter, millimeter, points, picas, columns

Height: pixels, inches, centimeter, millimeter, points, picas

Resolution: pixels/inch, pixels/cm

2.2.2 Opening an Existing Image

To open an existing image


2. Select Open or press Ctrl + O

3. In the open dialog box, locate the image file

4. Click Open

Supported File Formats

Photoshop Document (.PSD, .PDD)

BMP (.BMP, .RLE, .DIB)

CompuServe GIF (.GIF)

Photoshop EPS (.EPS)

Photoshop DCS 1.0 (.EPS)

Photoshop DCS 2.0 (.EPS)

EPS TIFF Preview (.EPS) Figure 2.3 Open Dialog Box

Filmstrip (.FLM)

JPEG (.JPG, .JPEG, .JPE)

Generic PDF (.PDF, .PDP, .AI)

Generic EPS (.AI3, .AI4, .AI5, .AI6, .AI7, AI8, .PS, .EPS, .AI)

PCX (.PCX)

Photoshop PDF (.PDF, .AI, .PDP)

Acrobat TouchUp Image (.PDF, .AI, .PDP)

Photo CD (.PCD)

PICT File (.PCT, .PICT)

Pixar (.PXR)

PNG (.PNG)

Raw (.RAW)

Scitex CT (.SCT)

Targa (.TGA, .VDA, .ICB, .VST)

TIFF (.TIFF)

Wireless Bitmap (.WBMP, .WBM)



15

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2.2.3 Duplicating an Image

To duplicate an image

1. Click Image from the menu bar

2. Select Duplicate. Or right-click

the title bar of the image

window and select Duplicate

3. In the duplicate image dialog

box, type the name for the

duplicate image

4. Click Ok

2.2.4 Saving an Image

To save an image


2. Select Save or press Ctrl + S

3. In the save as dialog box, enter filename

4. Choose desired file format

5. Click Save

Choose save as Photoshop (.PSD) file if the image

is unfinished. Saving image in .PSD file format will

include everything from the layers palette. This is

efficient for continuing image editing.

Figure 2.3 Save As Dialog Box

2.3 Resizing, Resampling, and Cropping

2.3.1 Resizing

Resizing an image means to enlarge or to reduce an image without affecting the

number of pixels of the image.

To resize an image

1. Open the image size dialog box

2. Specify the height and width in the Document Size section

3. Uncheck Resample Image checkbox

4. Click Ok

Figure 2.4 Duplicate Image Dialog

Box



If Constrain Proportions checkbox is checked, adjusting one dimension will also

adjust the other. Adjusting width will automatically adjust height to make the image

proportional. Image size and resolution are inversely proportional. Increasing the image

size will decrease the resolution. Resizing a passport size picture to fill a letter size bond

paper will look serrated when printed.

2.3.2 Resampling

Resampling an image means to resize an image to increase or decrease the number

of pixels.

To resample an image

1. Open the image size dialog box

2. Specify the amount in the Pixels Dimension section. Or if the image is for printing,

specify the height and width (in inches) in the Document Size section

3. Check Resample Image checkbox

4. Click Ok

2.3.3 Cropping

Cropping an image means to trim away pixels around the edges of an image. It gives

focus to the selected area of an image.

To crop an image

1. Select crop tool from the toolbox

or press C

2. Click on the image and hold left

mouse button

3. Drag to select the desired area

on the image

4. Release mouse button

5. Adjust the edges if needed

6. Right-click and select crop

Figure 2.3 Cropping an Image



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2.4 Selecting Colors

2.4.1 Foreground and Background Colors

Figure 2.4 Foreground and Background Colors

The foreground color indicates the color that will be applied when using the brush,

pencil, paint bucket, shape, and type tools. The background color indicates the color that will

be applied when using the eraser tool. The default foreground and background colors are

black and white respectively.

To change foreground color

1. Click set foreground color from the toolbox controls

2. Choose desired color from the color picker

3. Click Ok

To change background color

1. Click set background color from the toolbox controls

2. Choose desired color from the color picker

3. Click Ok

Click switch foreground and background colors or press X to switch the colors



Click default foreground and background colors or press D to restore to default colors

2.4.2 The Color Picker

Clicking set

foreground color or set

background color will

activate the color picker.

Photoshop offers a wide

variety of colors. Click on

the color bar to activate its

sliders. Move the sliders to

change the color range of

the color field. Select the

desired color from the

color field and click Ok.

Figure 2.4 Color Picker

Color Field displays color variations for the selected color from the color bar

Color Selection Marker selects color from the color field

Color Bar displays the range of available colors

Previous Color shows the foreground or background color before activating the

color picker

Current Color displays the color selected from the color field

Sliders select color from the color bar

Alert Triangle warns the user if the selected color is unprintable using standard

process colors

Closest CMYK displays the closest CMYK equivalent of the current color

Web-safe Alert Cube alerts the user if the selected user is not ideal for Web

graphics

Closest Web-safe displays the closest Web-safe equivalent of the current color



19

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2.4.3 The Color Palette

The color palette

displays the color values for

the current foreground and

background colors. Press F6 to

toggle color palettes visibility.

Figure 2.5 Color Palette

Foreground and Background Colors displays the current foreground and

background colors

Color Values displays the color values of the current foreground/background color

Color Bar displays the range of available colors

A double-line frame indicates the active color icon (foreground/background) in the

color palette. Click the color icons to switch between the foreground and background colors.

Clicking on the color bar or moving the sliders changes the color of the active color icon.

Double-click the color icon to launch the color picker.

2.4.4 The Swatches Palette

The swatches palette displays a set of

generic colors. The set can be modified for ease of

use

To change the foreground color, click on the

available swatches

To change the background color, Alt + click

on the available swatches

Figure 2.6 Swatches Palette

2.4.5 The Eyedropper Tool

The eyedropper tool is used for selecting colors from the image window to set either

foreground or background color.

To activate the eyedropper tool click the icon on the toolbox or press I

If the foreground color icon on the color palette is active

To set the foreground color, click on the desired color from the image window

To set the background color, Alt + click on the desired color from the image window



If the background color icon on the color palette is active

To set the foreground color, Alt + click on the desired color from the image window

To set the background color, click on the desired color from the image window



21

21

NAME :

SECTION :

DATE :


1. Open an image file from My Pictures folder 3

2. Duplicate the image file 3

3. Double the width of the duplicated file 3

4. Crop the left part of the image 3

5. Save the image 3

6. Activate the color picker 3

7. Set the background color to yellow 3

8. Hide and unhide the swatches palette 3

9. Change the foreground color from the swatches palette 3

10. Close the image windows 3

Total

30

SCORE


Lesson 3 : Selections

23

23

LESSON OBJECTIVES:


1. Select portions of an image using the different selection tools

2. Work with selections

LESSON OUTLINE:

Selecting and Deselecting a Portion of an Image

o Using the Marquee Tools

o Using the Lasso Tools

o Using the Magic Wand

Transforming, Moving, and Duplicating Selections

Copying Selections from One Image to Another

Lesson 3 Selections

3.1 Selecting and Deselecting a Portion of an Image

Selections are very important in image-editing.

Unless changes are applied for the whole image,

selecting the area which the changes will be applied

typically comes first. Selections appear as moving lines or

others refer to them as marching ants.

To select portion(s) of an image, use any of the

selecting tools

To deselect, click Select from the menu bar and

choose Deselect. Or press Ctrl + D

3.1.1 The Marquee Tools

Marquee tools are the most common selection

tools in Photoshop. There are four variations of marquee

tools.

Rectangular Marquee

To draw rectangular selection

1. Click on the image and hold left mouse button

2. Drag to select desired portion

of the image


To add selection

1. Press and hold Shift

2. Click on the image and hold

left mouse button

3. Drag on the desired portion

of the selection


F

Figure 3.1 Rectangular and Elliptical Selections



24

To remove a portion from the selection

1. Press and hold Alt


3. Drag on the desired portion of the selection


Elliptical Marquee

To draw elliptical selection


2. Drag to select desired portion of the image


To add selection



3. Drag to select desired portion


To remove a portion from the selection



3. Drag to select the desired portion


Single Row Marquee and Single Column Marquee

To select a row or a column of pixels in an image, click on the desired portion

3.1.2 The Lasso Tools

Lasso tools are used for drawing freehand selections. Figure 3.2 shows an image a

freehand selection (the penguin in the middle is selected). Lasso tools are capable of

drawing both straight and curved edges. There are three variations of lasso tools.



25

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Lasso Tool

To select free-form portion of an

image

1. Click on the image and hold

left mouse button

2. Draw the outline of the

desired portion of the image


Figure 3.2 Freehand Selection

To add selection



3. Draw the outline of the desired portion of the selection


To remove portion of the selection



3. Draw the outline of the desired portion of the selection


Polygonal Lasso Tool

Polygon is a shape with many edges. Polygonal lasso tool selects portion of an

image by specifying edges around the desired portion making that portion a polygon.

To select a portion of an image like a free-form polygon

1. Click on the image to specify the start point



26

2. Move the mouse to specify an edge

3. Click again on the image to specify the end point. The end point of an edge serves as

the start point of the edge following it

4. Continue specifying edges until the desired portion is selected

To add selection




4. Click again on the image to specify the end point


To remove portion from selection




4. Click again on the image to specify the end point


Magnetic Lasso Tool

As the name suggests, this tool works like a magnet. It automatically specifies edges

around the desired portion. But this tool works perfectly only on images that have very

distinct contrast between the foreground image and its background.

To select a portion of an image

1. Click on image to specify the start point

2. Move the mouse along the desired portion. As you move the mouse, magnetic lasso

tool automatically lays edges around the desired portion

To add selection



3. Move the mouse along the desired portion

To remove portion from selection



3. Move the mouse along the desired portion



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3.1.3 The Magic Wand Tool

The magic wand tool selects a contiguous portion of relative colors in an

image.

To select a portion of an image with relative colors, just click on the image

To add selection, press and hold Shift, click on the desired portion of the image

To remove portion from selection, press and hold Alt, click on the desired portion of

the image

Figure 3.2 Applying the Magic Wand

3.2 Transforming, Moving, and Duplicating Selections

To transform selection means to change the physical dimensions, or the angle, and

or the perspective of the selected portion of an image

To transform a selection

1. Click Edit from the menu bar

2. Select Free Transform, or click Select from the menu bar and choose Transform

Selection, or simply press Ctrl + T

3. Drag the sizing handles to increase or decrease the size of the selection

4. To rotate selection, right-click the image and in the pop-up menu select from the

predefined rotations or choose Rotate to manually rotate the selection

5. To flip selection, right-click the image and from the pop-up menu select Flip

Horizontal or Flip Vertical

6. Select other options from the pop-up menu to change the perspective of the

selection

7. Click any tool from the toolbox



28

8. Click apply from the dialog box

Figure 3.2 Sizing Handles Activated Figure 3.3 Moving Selection

To move selection

1. Select the move tool from the

toolbox or press V

2. Click the selection and hold left mouse

button

3. Drag to the desired position


To duplicate a selection

1. Select the move tool from the toolbox

or press V


3. Drag the selection

4. Release Alt and left mouse button Figure 3.4 Duplicating Selection



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3.3 Copying Selection from One Image to Another

Aside from moving the selection around the image, selection can be also copied to

another image.

To copy the selection to another image


2. select Copy or press Ctrl + C

3. Open another image


5. Select Paste or press Ctrl + V

Or using the move tool, drag and

drop the selection from one image

window to another

Figure 3.3 Copying Selection

Pasting the image on another image will also create a new layer. Assuming there is

no other layers aside the Background layer; it will appear as a Layer 1 on the Layers Palette.

Layers will be further discussed on the next lesson.



30

NAME :

SECTION :

DATE :

Supposing you are to design a tarpaulin for advertising UB High, think of a theme and prepare the pictures that you will use. Exercising 3 8 will guide you in creating your ads.


1. Create a 4 x 3 blank image 5

2. Open the image files 5

3. Select the portions from the images 5

4. Copy the selections to the blank image 5

5. Arrange and resize the copied pictures 5

6. Save the image as Photoshop document (filename: tarpaulin.psd) 5

Total

30

SCORE


Lesson 4: Layers and Blend Modes

31

31

LESSON OBJECTIVES:


1. Work with layers 2. Apply blend modes in layers

LESSON OUTLINE:

Working with Layers o Creating a New

Layer o Renaming Layers o Switching Between

Layers o Reordering Layers o Locking Layers o Merging Layers o Deleting Layers

Mixing Images o Using the Opacity o Blend Modes

Lesson 4 Layers and Blend Modes

4.1 Working with Layers

Layers are sheets of pixels independent from

one another. Layers allow editing one element of an

image without affecting the others.

Figure 4.1 The Layers Palette

The layers palette displays the list of all layers, layer groups, and layer effects of an

image. By default, the opened image will appear as the Background layer. Adding an

element from another image will create a new layer. Assuming there is no other layers aside

the Background layer; it will appear as a Layer 1.

4.1.1 Creating New Layer

To create an empty layer, click the Create New Layer icon from the layers palette

To create a new layer with an element, copy-paste one element from another image



32

Figure 4.2 Creating New Layer by Adding an Element from another Image

4.1.2 Renaming Layers

Renaming a layer is very important in editing especially if there are many layers.

Renaming a layer helps in easily identifying the layer of an element from the layers palette.

To rename a layer

1. Right-click the layer

2. Select Layer Properties

3. In the layer properties dialog box

4. Enter the desired name on the Name field

5. click Ok

Figure 4.3 Layer Properties Dialog Box

Or

1. Double-click the name of the layer from the layers palette

2. Enter the desire named

3. Press Enter



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33

Figure 4.4 Renaming a Layer from the Layers Palette

4.1.3 Duplicating Layers

Duplicate a layer to keep a copy of the original element before editing.

To duplicate a layer

1. Right-click on the layer

2. Select Duplicate Layer from the pop-up

menu

3. In the duplicate layer dialog box, enter the

desired name for the layer

4. Click Ok

Figure 4.5 Duplicate Layer Dialog Box

4.1.4 Switching Between Layers

The active layer is highlighted in the layers palette. Editing the active layer will not

affect the other layers.

To switch from one layer to another, simply click the layer from the layers palette

To toggle layers visibility, click the eye on the left side of the layer

4.1.5 Reordering Layers

Reordering layers affects the position of the elements in the image. Layers behave

like stacks. Elements from the upper layers cover the elements from the lower layers. The

whole element can be seen completely if it is on the uppermost layer.



34

To reorder layers, click and drag the layer to the desired position

Figure 4.6 Layer Order

since Penguin 3 is the

uppermost layer, the

element in that layer has the

highest visibility in the

image. Penguin 3 covers

Penguin and Penguin 2

4.1.6 Locking Layers

Locking layers is very useful in editing. There are four lock options in the layers

palette to choose from.

Lock Transparency protects the transparent pixels of the layer; transparent pixels

cannot be painted

Lock Pixels protects all pixels of the layer from further editing but the elements

inside the layer can still be transformed and moved

Lock Position prevents transforming and moving the elements of the layer but

allows painting and editing

Lock All protects the layer from further editing, even from transforming and

moving but allows reordering the layer

4.1.7 Merging Layers

Multiple layers consume a large of space in the computers Random Access Memory

(RAM). This results to slower computer performance. It is advisable to merge the layers that

no longer need editing to save RAM space.



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35

To merge layers, click Layers from the menu bar and select Merge Down, or press

Ctrl + E. The active layer merges with the layer below it

To merge all visible layers, click Layers from the menu bar and select Merge Visible,

or press Ctrl + E

4.1.8 Deleting Layers

To delete the active layer, click Delete layer (trash can) from the layers palette

Or right-click the layer and select Delete Layer from the pop-up menu

4.2 Mixing Images

To mix images means to blend elements of the layers by adjusting opacity and or

applying blend modes. Playing with the layers opacity and blend modes creates unexpected

effects and sometimes surprisingly beautiful.

4.2.1 Adjusting Opacity

Adjusting the opacity of a layer allows mixing

the active layer with the layers below it.

To adjust the master opacity, enter a value in

the Opacity field from the layers palette. Or

click the arrow beside it to activate the master

opacity bar and move the sliders

To adjust the interior opacity, enter a value in

the Fill field from the layers palette. Or click the

arrow beside it to activate the interior opacity

bar and move the sliders

Figure 4.7 Adjusting Master Opacity



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4.2.2 Blend Modes

Blend modes is basically adjusting opacity of the active layer

but is far beyond from the normal opacity setting. Adjusting opacity

affects the pixels of the active layer uniformly. Blend modes affects

the pixels in different amounts depending on the mode selected.

Photoshop offers 22 blend modes.

Basic Modes

Normal

Dissolve

Modes for Darkening Image Areas

Darken

Multiply

Color Burn

Linear Burn

Modes for Lightening Image Areas

Lighten

Screen

Color Dodge

Linear Dodge

Light Source Modes

Overlay

Soft Light

Hard Light

Vivid Light

Linear Light

Pin Light

Modes for Emphasizing the Difference between the Layers

Difference

Exclusion

Modes for Transferring Specific Color Components

Hue

Saturation

Color

Luminosity

Figure 4.8 Blend Modes Drop Down Menu



37

37

NAME :

SECTION :

DATE :


1. Open tarpaulin.psd and delete the background layer 5

2. Create a new layer and name it Background 5

3. Reorder the layers according to your purpose 5

4. Apply blend modes to layers and save the image 5

Total

20

SCORE


Lesson 5: Working with Text

38



39

39

LESSON OBJECTIVES:


1. Insert texts in an image

2. Edit or remove texts

LESSON OUTLINE:

Working with Texts o Using the Type

Tools o The Character

Palette o The Paragraph

Palette o Change Text Color o Warping Text

Lesson 5 Working with Text

5.1 Adding Text using Type Tool

Photoshop allows you to embellish any image with fun

or descriptive text. The text you create appears on a

new layer in the image. Photoshop 7.0 now offers

additional tools, such as a spell checker and a find and

replace feature, to enable you to fine tune the text in

your image.

Creating the Text Layer

You use the Type tool and the options bar to add text

to an image. In this case, the options bar gives you a

number of choices to customize the text for fun and

interesting text treatments in an image.

1. Click on the Type tool in the toolbox. It will become the active tool.

Figure 5.1 Type Tool Options

2. Select the desired foreground color using the method of your choice. The color you

select will become active for the tool, and will become the fill color for the text.



40

3. Drag diagonally on the image in the work area. This defines the area that will hold

the text.

Figure 5.2 Typed Text in the Work Area

4. You will notice that Text Layer will appear on the Layer Palette.

5. Choose the desired settings in the options bar. Your

selections will become the active settings for the tool

or using the Character Palette located in Menu >

Window > Character.

6. Type the desired text. Your text will appear in the text

box.

Figure 5.3 Character and Paragraph Palette



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41

7. The Text Color can be changed by clicking on the Color Menu. Then choose the color

you want using the Color Palette.

8. The Paragraph Palette is used to change the Alignment of the text.

5.2 Warping Text

9. Click on the Create Warped Text button on the

options bar. The Warp Text dialog box will

open.

10. Click on the down arrow next to the Style list.

The available styles for warping (bending) text

will appear.

Figure 5.4 Color Picker

11. Click on the desired warp style.

The list will close, and the

settings for the selected style

will appear.

12. Select the desired options. The

text in the image will preview

your choices.

13. Click on OK. The Warp Text

dialog box will close.

Figure 5.5 Warped Text

14. Click on the Commit Any Current Edits (check) button on the options bar. Photoshop

will insert the text on its new

layer.

Figure 5.6 Sample Text Wrapped



42

NAME :

SECTION :

DATE :


1. Open tarpaulin.psd 5

2. Insert a catch phrase to your image 5

3. Adjust the font size for better visibility 5

4. Change the font color to suit with the pictures and save 5

Total

20

SCORE


Lesson 6: Retouching and Repairing Tools

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43

LESSON OBJECTIVES:


1. Remove photo blemishes 2. Duplicate portion of an

image using the clone stamp tool

3. Correct portions of an image

4. Keep track of changes in an image through the history palette

LESSON OUTLINE:

Removing Blemishes a. Using the Healing

Brush Tool b. Using the Patch

Tool

Duplicating a Portion of an Image

a. Using the Clone Stamp Tool

Other Retouching Tools a. Blur, Sharpen, and

Smudge b. Dodge, Burn, and

Sponge

The History Palette

Lesson 6 Retouching and Repairing Tools

6.1 Healing Brush Tool

This is the tool that is directly

above the clone tool (it looks like

a small band aid). Usually when

you try to correct imperfections

or discolorations in photographs,

it is usually work with clone tool.

While the clone tool is a very

important and useful tool,

sometimes, It is very challenging

to match the affected area

perfectly. In correcting problems

such as facial blemishes, small

differences in color and texture is

very noticeable.

How it works is that you use the

healing brush to sample a

smooth textured area in the

surrounding area just as you

would with the clone tool. The

difference is that the healing brush also samples of the

underlying area of the affected area. When you apply

the healing tool to the affected area, it smoothens out

the color and the texture, just like magic! The area that

you correct is sometimes fixed in one try but often without the trial and error that you face

with the clone tool!



44

1. This photo was chosen because it highlights

some of the challenges in photo retouching

such as the matching of color and texture in

skin tones. An added complication is the low

contrast in this photograph. This adds a

grayish cast, which makes color matching

problematic.

2. To use the Healing Brush, select the fourth

button down on the left column of your

toolbox (again, this is a tool that looks like a

band-aid).

3. The areas that we will concentrating on will be the bags under Moms eyes, the

blemishes on her chin and brow and the laugh lines around her mouth.

4. With the Healing Brush selected, hold the alt key (option key for Mac user).

Figure 6.2 Using Healing Brush Selection Figure 6.1 Sample Picture

Figure 6.3 Using Healing Brush



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45

5. This invokes the cross-hair icon for you to sample a smooth continuous tone in the

surrounding area. After you sampled a good area, let go of the alt key and then

apply the Healing Brush onto the problem area. The cross-hair icon turns into a circle

icon. Dont worry if the color and texture do not match, when you unclick the mouse,

the Healing Brush will sample the underlying color and texture and then recalculate

for the smoothest gradations.

6. Some of the blemishes around her chin, eyes and brow and the eye bag were gone.

The results could have been achieved with the clone tool but would have taken a lot

more patience and effort.

6.2 Patch Tool

The Patch tool lets you repair a selected area with pixels from another area or a pattern. Like

the Healing Brush tool, the Patch tool matches the texture, luminosity, and color of the

sampled pixels to the source pixels. When repairing with pixels from the image, select a

small area to produce the best result.

Figure 6.4 End result after using Healing Brush



46

1. Make a selection with the Patch tool or any selection tool, drag the selected area with the Patch tool,

and upon releasing the mouse the healing technology will

make the repair.

2. The most important decision to make before using the Patch tool is whether to patch from source, from

destination or from pattern. Before using the Patch tool take

a moment to evaluate the image and image damage to

decide which of the three options to use.

Patching from Source - circle the damaged area and move

the selection to good image information. Use this choice

when the damaged area is uneven, ragged, and/or within

similarly toned areas.

Patching from Destination -

circle good image information

and move the selection over the

damaged image area. Use this

choice when you need to match

a pattern or lines in the image.

Patching from Pattern - the least

used option yet very useful

method to quickly repair damage that is

spread throughout the image. To use this

method you need to create a pattern with

the new Pattern Maker.

6.2.1 Using the Patch Tool

6.2.2 Patching from Source

1. Select the damaged image area with either

the Patch tool or the Lasso tool.

2. If needed use the standard command key

options to refine your selection.

Shift-drag in the image to add to the

existing selection

Alt-drag) to subtract from the existing selection

Or use Select > Transform Selection

3. Activate the Patch tool and check that the Source button is clicked.

Figure 6.5 The Patch Tool

Figure 6.6 The Patch Tool Options



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47

4. Place the Patch tool in the center of the selection and drag the selection onto good

image information and release the mouse.

5. Finally with either the Patch tool or any selection

tool - click outside of the active selection or

command/control D to deselect the selection.

6.2.3 Patching from Destination

Use Patch from Destination when you need to match a pattern in the image.

1. Select good image area with either the Patch tool or the Lasso tool. Good image

information has the texture that you want Photoshop to use to repair the damaged

image area. Use the standard command key options to refine your

selection.

Figure 6.7 Selecting using Patch Tool

Figure 6.8 End Result



48

Shift-drag in the image to add to the existing selection

Alt-drag to subtract from the existing selection

Or use Select > Transform Selection

2. Make sure that the Destination button is clicked as seen below.

3. Place the Patch tool in the center of the selection and drag the good image over to

the damaged area.

4. As you drag the selection keep an eye on

the ribbing of the sweater. As long as the

mouse is depressed you can position the

good image information with the pattern

of to be patched area to help match the

pattern in the image.

Figure 6.9 Selecting using Patch Tool from Destination

Figure 6.10 Dragging the selected area



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49

5. Once the selected area is in position release the mouse and Photoshop will patch the

damaged area.

6.4 Clone Stamp Tool

The "Clone Stamp Tool" will help clear out scars or blemishes on a photo.

1. To select the "Clone Stamp Tool" click and hold

down on the image, then click on the "Clone Stamp

Tool" and select the brush diameter of your desired

stamp size.

Figure 6.12 The Clone Stamp Tool

Figure 6.11 End Result



50

2. Hold down "Alt" on the keyboard, then click on the

area you want to clone from.

3. When you are holding down the "Alt" key, the

mouse will change from a circle to a crosshair

symbol.

4. Make sure to click in an area that will match the

skin tone of the area of where the blemish is.

5. Now click and move your mouse over the area

that you need to cover up.

6. Make sure to move the cloned area if you need to,

to match the skin tone changes.

Figure 6.12 Brush Diameter

Figure 6.13 Clone Stamp selection area

Figure 6.13 Moving around the area



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51

6.5 Blur, Sharpen and Smudge

6.5.1 Using Blur, Sharpen and Smudge Tools

Some of the tools in Photoshop are provided to

either increase the clarity of a blurred image or

to blur parts of an image. These tools can be

used to improve the overall quality image and

are also useful in a wide range of visual effects.

To touch up small areas of an image, the blur

sharpen and smudge tool are all grouped

together on Photoshops tool palette. The filter

menu also contains a wide range of filters that

can work on either a whole image or selected

areas of an image. If you are working with

layers, filters will usually work on the

currently selected layer.

From the Tool Palette, select the Blur tool.

The Options palette will show you brush settings similar to

the ones found in drawing tools such as the brush tool.

You can adjust the size of the brush to determine the size

of the area you will blur. You can also lower the strength

option to make the blur effect happen more gradually, or

increase the setting to make the blur effect more rapid.

1. Drag the blur tool around the image until every as

been blurred.

2. Select the Sharpen Tool. Youll notice that the

options for the tool are similar to the options for

the blur tool.

Figure 6.14 Blur, Sharpen and Smudge Tools

Figure 6.15 Blur, Sharpen and Smudge Tools Options

Figure 6.16 Blur Tool effects

Figure 6.17 Sharpen and Smudge Tools effects



52

3. Drag the sharpen tool to increase the clarity of the image. Be careful not to do it too

much. Excessive use of the sharpen tool can have unattractive results.

4. Select the Smudge Tool. The smudge tool finger through wet paint. The strength

option determines how much the image will smudge when you drag your mouse.

6.6 Dodge, Burn and Sponge

6.6.1 Using Dodge, Burn and Sponge Tools

The Dodge, Burn and Sponge tools are based on traditional photographers techniques for

adjusting certain parts of an image.

1. From the Tool Palette, select the Dodge Tool [O]. This tool allows to lighten parts of

the image. The setting in the Options Palette allow you to select brush size and the

exposure, as well as select whether you will be lightening the darker, lighter or

midtones of the image.

2. Set the Exposure to a low amount (about 10%) and then drag over the shadow

behind the girl to lighten the shadow.

Figure 6.17 Dodge, Burn and Sponge Tools

Figure 6.18 Dodge, Burn and Sponge Tools Options



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53

3. Select the Burn tool from the Tool

Palette. This tool darkens areas of an

image.

4. Set the Exposure to a low amount and

then try using the tool to add a new

shadow to the image as shown below.

5. Select the Sponge tool from the Tool

Palette. This tool allows you to either

Saturate (to intensify the colour

saturation) or Desaturate depending on

which is selected at the top in the

Options Palette.

6. Try using the Sponge tool on the image

with both the Saturate and Desaturate

options selected to see the effect.

Figure 6.19 Before and after results using Dodge Tool

Figure 6.20 End results after using Burn Tool

Figure 6.20 End results after using Sponge Tool



54

7. The History Palette

The History palette lets you return to any recent

version of the image. Every change to an image

is added to the palette. Each action or state is

listed in the palette. You can select any state,

and the image will revert back to that point.

1. With the Lasso tool, select a portion of

the image, and press the Backspace or

Delete key. A portion of the image is

removed. We will now use the History

palette to reverse these commands.

2. From the Window menu, choose History.

The History palette appears and you will

see a list of the recent states.

3. To revert to a previous state, position the mouse over the History state slider. When

the mouse pointer looks like a hand, then click & drag the slider up to a previous

state.

4. Drag the slider up to reverse the Clear command. This reverses the last command,

and the deleted section re-appears.

5. On the History palette, click on the Lasso state. Then, click the Delete current state

button in the lower right of the History palette.

6. A message will appear to ask if you want to delete a state, click Yes.

Deleting a state removes the state and any states that were created are

after the deletion.

Figure 6.21 The History Palette



55

55

NAME :

SECTION :

DATE :


1. Open tarpaulin.psd and inspect the pictures 5

2. Remove blemishes and other noises using the healing brush tool 5

3. Adjust the brightness of some portions using the dodge and burn tools 5

4. Repair portions of the image using the clone stamp tool 5

5. Save the image if there are no more corrections to be made 5

Total

25

SCORE



56


Lesson 7: Drawing and Painting

57

57

LESSON OBJECTIVES:


1. Draw custom lines and shapes

2. Fill image with colors 3. Erase portions of an image

LESSON OUTLINE:

The Paint Tools o Brush and Pencil

o History Brushes

o Gradient and Paint

Bucket

o Eraser, Background

Eraser, and Magic

Eraser

Figure 7.1 The Paintbrush Tool

Lesson 7 Drawing and Painting

The Paint Tools

7.0 Paintbrush Tool

The Paintbrush tool enables you to use the mouse to

create freehand strokes with any of a number of brush

shapes. Photoshop 7.0 includes some neat new brush

shapes for painting. One brush shape paints leaves onto

the image. Another adds blades of grass. Another adds

stars. You can use these interesting new brushes to

create pictures from scratch or enhance an existing

image.

1. Click on the Paintbrush tool in the toolbox. It will

become the active tool.

2. Choose the desired settings in

the options bar. Your selections will

become the active settings for the tool.

3. Select the foreground color

using the method of your choice. The

color you select will become active for

the Paintbrush.

4. Drag on the picture in the work area. Keep the mouse button pressed as you drag in

any desired direction. When you release the mouse button, the finalized paint stroke

will appear.


Lesson 7: Drawing and Painting 58

7.1 Pencil Tool

Pencil tool functions as a drawing tool in Photoshop, recoloring pixels as you drag along

with the tool.

1. Right-click on the Paintbrush tool in the

toolbox. Its shortcut menu will appear.

2. Click on Pencil Tool. The Pencil tool will


3. Choose the desired settings in the options

bar. Your selections will become the active

settings for the tool.

4. Select the foreground color using the

method of your choice. The color you

select will become active for the Pencil.

5. Drag on the picture in the work area. Keep

the mouse button pressed as you drag in any desired direction. When you release

the mouse button, the finalized pencil stroke will appear.

7.2 Gradient Tool

The gradient blends the colors you specify, so you

may have a bit more flexibility when you use this

method to add a gradient.

1. Click on the foreground color for the

gradient on the color ramp in the Color

palette. The selected color will become the

foreground color (first color) for the blend.

2. Press and hold the Alt key, and click on the

background color for the gradient on the

color ramp in the Color palette.

Figure 7.2 The Pencil Tool

Figure 7.3 The Gradient Tool



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59

Figure 7.4 Gradient Color Editor

3. Click on the layer to which you want to add the gradient in the Layers palette. The

selected layer will become the active layer.

4. If you want to fill a particular area with a gradient, select the area first (either

manually or with a path) or use a mask to prevent Photoshop from displaying the

gradient in the affected area.

5. Click on the Gradient tool in the toolbox. The Gradient tool will become the active

tool.

6. Click on a gradient style button. (The

available choices include Linear Gradient,

Radial Gradient, Angle Gradient, Reflected

Gradient, and Diamond Gradient.)

Photoshop will apply the selected style.

7. Select the Opacity text box contents, type a

new entry, and press Enter. (Alternately,

click on the right arrow beside the Opacity

choice, drag the slider, and then click on

the right arrow again.) The Opacity setting

will become active for the Gradient tool.

8. Drag on the layer to set the angle or center point for the gradient. Photoshop applies

the gradient immediately.

7.3 Paint Bucket Tool

Use the Paint Bucket tool to fill a contiguous area of

color (or similar colors) with the current foreground

color.

1. Click on the foreground color for the fill on

the color ramp in the Color palette. The

selected color will become the fill color for the

Paint Bucket tool.

2. Click on the layer in the Layers palette that

includes the area you want to fill. The selected layer will become the active layer.

Figure 7.5 Paint Bucket Tool



3. Right-click on the Gradient tool in the toolbox. A shortcut menu will appear.

4. Click on Paint Bucket Tool. The Paint Bucket tool will become the active tool.

5. Select the Opacity text box contents, type a new entry, and press Enter. (Alternately,

click on the right arrow beside the Opacity choice, drag

the slider, and then click on the right arrow again.) The

Opacity setting will become active for the Paint Bucket.

6. Select the Tolerance text box contents, type a new

entry, and press Enter. The Tolerance setting will

become active for the Paint Bucket tool. (Remember,

tolerance refers to how carefully a tool must match the

color of the area on the selected layer you click on in

order to identify which pixels to fill or erase.)

7. Click on the area to fill with the foreground color you

selected. Photoshop applies the gradient immediately.

Even if the layer includes other areas with the same

color, those areas will not be filled if they are not

contiguous.

7.3 Standard Eraser Tool

The standard Eraser tool erases color or content on a layer, enabling the background layer in

the image to show through to varying degrees, depending on the opacity you specify. If

youre working on the background layer itself, using the standard Eraser actually paints or

draws the currently selected background color rather than erasing layer content. The

following steps show an example of each of these uses for the Eraser.

1. Click on the layer in the Layers palette that holds the content you want to erase. (In

this case, click on any regular layer except the background layer.) The selected layer

will become the active layer.

2. Use the Navigator to zoom in on and display the area to erase. The selected area will

become more visible.

3. Click on the Eraser tool. The Eraser tool will become the active tool.

4. Make a choice from the Mode drop-down list on the options bar. The selected mode

will become active for the Eraser tool.

Figure 7.6 Using Paint Bucket Tool



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61

5. Choose a Brush style on the

options bar. The selected brush

will become active for the Eraser

tool. Note that selecting certain

brush styles enables airbrush

capabilities for the Eraser tool.

6. Select the Opacity text box

contents, type a new entry, and

press Enter. (Alternately, click on

the right arrow beside the Opacity

choice, drag the slider, and then

click on the right arrow again.)

The opacity setting will become

active for the Eraser tool.

7. If available, select the Flow text

box contents, type a new entry,

and press Enter. (Alternately, click

on the right arrow beside the

Flow choice, drag the slider, and then click on the right arrow again.) The flow setting

will become active for the Eraser tool, controlling how quickly the eraser works.

8. Click or drag on the desired layer. Photoshop will erase the current layers content

and reveal the content on the background layer.

9. Click on the background layer in the Layers palette. The background layer will

become the active layer.

10. Press and hold the Alt key, then

click on the desired background

color in the color ramp at the

bottom of the Color palette.

11. Drag on the background layer. The

Eraser tool will paint the selected

background color on the

background layer.

Figure 7.7 Eraser Tool

Figure 7.8 Using Eraser Tool



7.5 Background Eraser Tool

The Background Eraser tool erases the content on any layer, including both the foreground

and background colors on the layer. Areas you erase with this tool become transparent, so

that content on other layers in the image can show through. If the image has only one layer,

or if youre erasing the background layer and theres no content in front of it, then the areas

erased with this tool will be transparent if the image file is placed in a document.

1. Click on the layer in the Layers

palette that holds the content

you want to erase. The selected

layer will become the active layer.

2. Right-click on the Eraser tool. A

shortcut menu will appear.

3. Click on Background Eraser Tool.

The Background Eraser tool will


4. Click on the Brush style on the

options bar. A palette of brush

options will appear.

5. Make Diameter, Hardness, Spacing, Angle, and Roundness choices in the palette. The

selected choices will affect the shape of the eraser brush as follows:

Diameter. Enables you to specify the size of the brush (the area to be erased).

Hardness. Enables you to specify the size of the brushs hard center, as a

percentage of the total diameter.

Spacing. If you want erasure brush strokes to be noncontiguous as you erase,

increase this setting to add spacing or skips.

Angle. This setting works with the Roundness value youve specified to tip the

brush shape. You can either enter a value in the Angle text box or drag the

arrow axis on the brush preview.

Roundness. Enables you to specify whether a brush is round. Decrease this

value to less than 100% to decrease roundness.

6. Click the Brush style down arrow. The palette of brush settings will close.

7. Make Limits, Tolerance, and Sampling choices on the options bar. The selected

choices will affect the erasing as follows:

Limits. Controls how far the erasing can spread, based on dragging over

similar colors.

Figure 7.8 The Background Eraser Tool



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Tolerance. Controls whether the eraser will erase only pixels of alike colors

(lower settings) or similar colors.

Sampling. Determines whether erasing tests matching colors continuously or

by the color initially selected.

8. Click or drag on the layer to erase. Photoshop will erase the current layers content,

leaving a transparent area behind.

7.5 Magic Eraser Tool

Use the Magic Eraser tool when you want to erase a contiguous area of color on a layer. You

can either completely erase the area of color or make the erasure less opaque so that only

part of the color area is erased.

1. Click on the layer that

holds the content to erase

in the Layers palette. The

selected layer will become

the active layer.

2. Use the Navigator to

zoom in on and display

the area to blur. The

selected area will become

more visible.

3. Right-click on the Eraser

tool. A shortcut menu will

appear.

4. Click on Magic Eraser Tool. The Magic Eraser tool will become the active tool.

5. Make a Tolerance entry on the options bar. The specified setting will become active

for the Magic Eraser tool. Lower settings will tell the tool to erase only colors that are

a closer match; higher settings will enable the tool to erase less similar colors.

6. Select the Opacity text box contents, type a new entry, and press Enter. (Alternately,

click on the right arrow beside the Opacity choice, drag the slider, and then click on

Figure 7.9 The Magic Eraser Tool



the right arrow again.) The Opacity setting will become active for the Magic Eraser

tool.

7. Click or drag on the area with the color to erase on the current layer. Photoshop will

erase the selected color and any matching adjacent areas, applying transparency if

specified.



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NAME :

SECTION :

DATE :


1. Open tarpaulin.psd and create a new layer Shapes 5

2. Draw custom lines and shapes to add design to your image 5

3. Adjust the opacity of the Shapes layer or apply blend modes 5

4. Save after achieving desi

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photoshop7.0 FINAL.pdf