Phonics How to read English Fluently

Created by: Mieder van Loggerenberg

Telephone: 0867999908 | 0897460866 | E-mail: ajarn_mieder@hotmail.com SAT – TESOL - ESL - TEFL - TEYL - TOEFL - TOEIC - IELTS

Index

Short Vowel Phonics …….……… …………………………………………………………………….…… 1

Short a …………………………………. …………………………………………………………………….…… 2

Short e …………………………………. …………………………………………………………………….…… 2

Short a and e ……………………….. …………………………………………………………………….…… 3

Short i ………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………….…… 4

Short a, e and i …………………….. …………………………………………………………………….…… 5

Short o …………………………………. …………………………………………………………………….…… 5

Short a, e, i, o ………………………. …………………………………………………………………….…… 6

Short u …………………………………. …………………………………………………………………….…… 6

Short a, e, i, o, u …………………… …………………………………………………………………….…… 7

Short vowels - mixed ……………. …………………………………………………………………….…… 8

Short vowel story …………………. …………………………………………………………………….…… 9

Long Vowel Phonics …………….. …………………………………………………………………….…… 10

Long a ………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………….…… 11

Short and Long a ………………….. …………………………………………………………………….…… 11

Short a, Long a and Short e …. …………………………………………………………………….…… 11

Long a - Reading Practice ……… …………………………………………………………………….…… 12

Long e ………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………….…… 13

Short and Long e ………………….. …………………………………………………………………….…… 13

Long e vs. Short i ………………….. …………………………………………………………………….…… 13

Long e - Reading Practice ……… …………………………………………………………………….…… 14

Long i …………………………………… …………………………………………………………………….…… 15

Short and Long i …………………… …………………………………………………………………….…… 15

Short i, Short e and Long e …… …………………………………………………………………….…… 15

Long i - Reading Practice ……… …………………………………………………………………….…… 16

Long o ………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………….…… 17

Index

Short and Long o ………………….. …………………………………………………………………….…… 17

Long o - Reading Practice …..… …………………………………………………………………….…… 18

Long u ………………………………..… …………………………………………………………………….…… 19

Short and Long u ………………….. …………………………………………………………………….…… 19

Long u - Reading Practice …….. …………………………………………………………………….…… 20

Short and Long Vowels ………… …………………………………………………………………….…… 20

Reading Practice ………………….. …………………………………………………………………….…… 21

Consonant …………………………… …………………………………………………………………….…… 22

Blends bl, cl, fl, gl, pl, sl ………… …………………………………………………………………….…… 23

Blends br, cr, dr, fr, gr, pr, tr .. …………………………………………………………………….…… 23

Blends sc, sk, sl, sm, sn, sp, squ, st, sw

…………………………………………………………………….…… 24

Blends scr, spl, spr, str …………. …………………………………………………………………….…… 24

Blends - thr and fr ………………… …………………………………………………………………….…… 25

Digraphs - sh ………………………… …………………………………………………………………….…… 26

Digraphs - ch / tch ………………… …………………………………………………………………….…… 26

Reading Practice "sh" and "ch" …………………………………………………………………….…… 27

Digraphs - th ………………………… …………………………………………………………………….…… 27

Digraphs - wh ………………………. …………………………………………………………………….…… 28

Special Sounds …………………….. …………………………………………………………………….…… 29

ang / ing / ong / ung …………….. …………………………………………………………………….…… 30

ank / ink / onk / unk …………….. …………………………………………………………………….…… 30

ar …………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………….…… 31

or / oar ………………………………… …………………………………………………………………….…… 31

er / ir / ur …………………………….. …………………………………………………………………….…… 32

aw / au ………………………………… …………………………………………………………………….…… 32

Index

alk / ock ……………………………….. …………………………………………………………………….…… 33

wa / all / al …………………………… …………………………………………………………………….…… 33

oi / oy …………………………………… …………………………………………………………………….…… 34

ow / ou ……………………………….. …………………………………………………………………….…… 35

air/ are / arr …………………………. …………………………………………………………………….…… 35

ear ……………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………….…… 36

old / olt / oll / ole / ild / ind …. …………………………………………………………………….…… 36

war / wor …………………………….. …………………………………………………………………….…… 37

aught / ought / ough ……………. …………………………………………………………………….…… 37

tion / sion …………………………….. …………………………………………………………………….…… 38

1

Short Vowel Phonics

2

Short Vowel Phonics

Short a Short a – Word List

Short a - Rhyming Words Rhyming words have the same ending sound. Words that rhyme with cat are: bat, fat, hat, mat, pat, rat, sat Read these rhyming words:

Short e Short e – Word List

1. man can bat Jack

2. rat fan bag van

3. wag sack an sat

4. cab cat pan nap

5. ham ax lap quack

6. tax jam back at

7. yam has pad Dan

8. sap lad mass fad

ban sad map lack

fan bad sap rack

Jan dad cap tack

tan mad zap sack

man pad gap Jack

ran fad rap quack

can had lap Zack

1. men Ken bet deck

2. red neck beg vet

3. wet pen hex Jed

4. fell mess rest ten

5. hem bell den led

6. keg well yes end

7. yell net pep Deb

8. beg Meg mess Ned

3

Short Vowel Phonics

▪ Ken bet Meg ten pens. ▪ The red bag fell on the men. ▪ The sack has a wet hem. ▪ Deb can hex the fat vet. Short e - Rhyming Words Rhyming words have the same ending sound. Words that rhyme with beg are: keg, leg, Meg, peg Read these rhyming words:

den med vet well

pen led bet sell

Jen fed wet bell

Ben red set tell

hen bed net dell

yen Ed met fell

Ken zed get quell

Short a and Short e Short a and Short e Read the pairs of words below. Listen for the difference between a and e.

bad – bed peck – pack

Bal – bell beg – bag

sat – set hem – ham

fad – fed Ted – tad

pan – pen Ken – can

nack – neck mess – mass

pal – pell Meg – mag

pat – pet ten – tan

man – men led – lad

mat – met end – and

4

Short Vowel Phonics

rad – red pep – pap

Jan – Jen den – Dan

yap – yep bet - bat

Short i Short i – Word List

▪ Vin bit Nick and Jill. ▪ Jim will kiss the big pill. ▪ Ned has a big bed. ▪ Yes, the big bat is in the red bag. Short i - Rhyming Words Rhyming words have the same ending sound. Words that rhyme with bit are: fit, hit, kit, lit, mitt, pit, quit, sit Read these rhyming words:

1. hit kit bit lick

2. rid Nick big fin

3. win pin him Jim

4. bid miss rip tin

5. hiss Bill dim lid

6. kiss wig if Vin

7. in nip pill fizz

8. big gig it Jill

will him did win

Bill rim hid tin

sill Tim lid kin

kill dim quid fin

mill Kim bid sin

fill sim rid pin

quill Jim kid bin

5

Short Vowel Phonics

Short a - Short e – Short i Read the groups of words below. Listen for the differences between a, e, and i.

bad bed bid pick peck pack

Bal bell bill big beg bag

sat set sit him hem ham

fad fed fid bit bet bat

pan pen pin kin Ken can

nack neck Nick miss mess mass

pal pell pill mig Meg mag

pat pet pit tin ten tan

tax tex tix lid led lad

mat met mitt in end and

rad red rid pip pep pap

yap yep yip din den Dan

Short o Short o – Word List

▪ Mom got an odd job. ▪ Jon lost his hog. ▪ Jen can lob the big hat in the dim fog. ▪ Ron and Ned will bet a lot on the fat hog. Short o - Rhyming Words Rhyming words have the same ending sound.

1. hot cot bot lock

2. rod sock bog fog

3. bod pod hop job

4. mock sod Ron top

5. hog on dock lot

6. odd lost god Jon

7. mom nob pog lob

8. nod rob sob got

6

Short Vowel Phonics

Words that rhyme with top are: cop, hop, mop, pop, sop Read these rhyming words:

Short a - Short e – Short i – Short o Read the groups of words below. Listen for the differences between a, e, i, and o.

bad bed bid bod pock pick peck pack

gat get git got bog big beg bag

sat set sit sot Tom Tim tem tam

fad fed fid fod bot bit bet bat

pan pen pin pon con kin Ken can

nack neck Nick nock moss miss mess mass

sap sep sip sop mog mig Meg mag

pat pet pit pot pop pip pep pap

tax tex tix tox lod lid led lad

mat met mitt mot on in end and

rad red rid rod Don din den Dan

Short u Short u – Word List

1. hut cut but luck

2. run suck bug fun

3. bud pug hun jut

4. much sun rub tub

dot lock rob nod

cot rock lob god

lot sock Bob cod

not jock mob sod

got dock cob rod

pot mock sob pod

hot pock job Todd

7

Short Vowel Phonics

5. hug up duck lug

6. bun jug gum Jud

7. mum nug cup cub

8. fuss sud tuck gut

▪ Jud cut his mum. ▪ The tub is much fun. ▪ Jen and Jud kiss mom in bed. ▪ Bill can run, but he cannot lug a keg. Short u - Rhyming Words Rhyming words have the same ending sound. Words that rhyme with but are: cut, gut, hut, mutt, nut, rut Read these rhyming words:

Short a - Short e – Short i – Short o– Short u Read the groups of words below. Listen for the differences between a, e, i, o, and u.

bad bed bid bod bud puck pock pick peck pack

gat get git got gut bug bog big beg bag

sat set sit sot sut tum Tom Tim tem tam

fad fed fid fod fud but bot bit bet bat

pan pen pin pon pun cun con kin Ken can

nack neck Nick nock nuck muss moss miss mess mass

pun bug duck rub

fun rug buck sub

bun dug suck tub

gun hug yuck nub

hun jug puck hub

nun lug luck cub

run mug tuck pub

8

Short Vowel Phonics

sap sep sip sop sup mug mog mig Meg mag

rad red rid rod rud pup pop pip pep pap

tax tex tix tox tux lud lod lid led lad

mat met mitt mot mutt un on in end and

Short vowels Mixed Short vowels (a e i o u)

Short vowels (a e i o u) ▪ Ken cut his hand and fell in a well. He has bad luck. ▪ Meg will win ten pens. That is a lot of pens. ▪ The hot sun is bad, so the cat went in a box. ▪ Jon will beg his mom for a red bag. ▪ We got a lot of bugs in the big sack. ▪ Set the jug in the sun and get a cup of jam. ▪ The cat bit the rat in the neck but the rat will run fast. ▪ The man will rest in the hot sun with his cat. ▪ “Rub the cat on the tum,” said mom. ▪ Meg has a cat. Nick hit the cat, and Meg was mad. Meg and Nick had a spat.

Mom and Dad said, “Stop!”

1. tan bit cup got

2. hen jam kid luck

3. mud pin vet wag

4. box yes rap nut

5. sin van puff quit

6. keg cop yam fun

7. lick set dot sun

8. tax loss wig wet

9. pug Matt fig Tess

10. get hop sack puck

9

Short Vowel Phonics

Phonics – Short Vowel Story Jan and Ted had a pet cat. The cat is big and it cannot swim. Ted and the cat went to swim, but the cat ran back to Jan. Jan was mad, so she hit Ted. “Don’t hit me,” said Ted. Jan did not let the cat swim. Jan and Ted had a rat in the yard. “Get rid of it!” said Jan. “The cat will kill the rat,” said Ted, and he let the cat get the big rat. But the cat did not kill the rat. It bit the rat and hit the cat, but then it quit. “The cat will not kill the rat,” said Ted. “I bet the cat will rest. We will get a new cat.” Jan got sick, so she took a lot of pills. “I am not well,” she said, and she went to bed. Ted had the cat, so he let her pet the cat. “Thank you,” she said. Jan was sick, but now she can get well, with the cat’s help. Mom got a job at a pet shop. The shop had pups, cats, birds, frogs, and fish. A lot of kids like to run to the shop after class and look at the pets. One day, Jan and Ted went with them. “Look!” said Ted. “Look at that pup. It is so cute.” They went home to ask mom for the pup. “Will you help us get a pup?” said Ted. “The cat will not like the pup,” said mom. “But the pup is so cute and nice,” said Jan. “Well,” said mom, “I have a new job, so I can help you get the pup.” Jan and Ted felt so glad. On the next Monday, mom went to the pet shop. She paid for the pup and she came home with a new pup. Jan and Ted felt glad when the pup ran in the house. The pup got Ted’s sock. “Will the pup lick the sock?” Jan asked. The pup did not lick the sock, but the pup ran and ran, and the sock got lost. Ted ran to the pup. “Where is my sock?” he said. “Don’t yell, Ted,” said mom. “It is just a pup. The pup is glad, so the pup will not rest.”

10

Long Vowel Phonics

11

Long Vowel Phonics

Long a (ai , ay , a_e,)

▪ Fay and Jane play on the same day. ▪ Gail made a fake cake. ▪ It may rain cats and dogs today. ▪ Jed cut the cake and ate the cake. Short a and Long a

short long short long

1. hat hate Dan Dane

2. bat bait fat fate

3. lack lake sack sake

4. sat sate pad paid

5. tack take ran rain

6. gab Gabe pan pain

7. ban bane can cane

8. tap tape Jan Jane

Short a, Long a and Short e These sounds can be very hard to tell apart. Practice reading across, and try to hear the different sounds.

1. hail same day ate

2. make say grate rain

3. Jane main may fake

4. ray made bait mail

5. hate mate gain cake

6. Gail tame gate way

7. maze nail Fay stake

8. play cane make fail

12

Long Vowel Phonics

Long a – Reading 1 Fay and Jane like to play at the lake. One day, they made a maze in the hay. On the same day, they had rain and hail, so Fay and Jane ran back to play games. “I will win, and you will fail,” said Jane. “You are vain,” said Fay. “I may not play.” “Wait, wait!” said Jane. I will bake a cake. Will you stay? “I will stay if you bake a cake, but if you are vain, I don’t want to play,” said Fay. “Yay! Yay!” said Jane. Jane and Fay will play and bake a cake. It rained, but today is a good day. *”said” is a sight word. (It sounds like “sed.”) Long a – Reading 2 Max and Jay sat at the lake by the bay. Max went away, and then came back. Jay had Max’s bag. “Don’t make me mad!” said Max “If you take my bag, I will make you late. I will throw your hat in the lake!” “It’s okay!” said Jay. “I want to play with your maze! May I play?” Max gave Jay the maze, and they sat by the lake and played and played. “The day is gray, and maybe it will rain,” said Max. “We cannot stay and play. Let’s go back. We can talk on the way.”

Short a Long a Short e

man mane men

fad fade fed

tax takes tex

bad bade bed

pal pale pell

sat sate set

fat fate fet

van vane ven

Jan Jane Jen

pan pain pen

Matt mate met

13

Long Vowel Phonics

Long e (ee , ea , e_e , ey , ie , e)

▪ We feed three monkeys. ▪ We need to see the team. ▪ Steve and Pete will not eat red meat. ▪ A thief will steal these Jeeps. Short and Long e

Long e vs. Short i Long e is similar to short i. Practice saying the pairs of words below, and try to hear the difference.

bit – beat bean – bin

sin – seen ream – rim

dill – deal seat – sit

1. feed meat Pete key

2. thief seek team meme

3. monkey jeep read veal

4. he bean see need

5. these bee heal Eve

6. beam keep leap we

7. brief ween fee deal

8. pea seed eat Steve

short long short long

1. bet beat pet Pete

2. set seat Ben bean

3. dell deal fell feel

4. hell heal Jed keep

5. let lean men mean

6. Ned need red read

7. tell teal Ted team

8. wet weak yell eat

14

Long Vowel Phonics

pet – Pete seem – sim

rid – read keep – Kip

mitt – meat lean – Lin

lick – leak peat – pit

riff – reef deep – dip

pick – peek reek – Rick

lick – leak seep – sip

Tim – team seek – sick

fit – feet beef – Biff

this – these meek – Mick

pill -- peel wean -- win

Long e – Reading 1 Steve had his pet monkey, Eve, in his jeep. He went to the bay to take a brief jog. He gave Eve a piece of beef and books to read (Eve is keen on books). “I need to jog,” said Steve. “Stay here, Eve. My jog will be brief.” Eve gazed at Steve, and Steve ran by the bay. Eve ate the beef. “I cannot read,” said Eve. “I will lick the book.” If Eve licks the book, the paint will peel, but Eve is a monkey, so Eve licks books. Steve came back and leaped in his jeep. “Eve! You need to read, not lick,” yelled Steve. “You are an odd monkey!” Eve just looked at Steve. “You are an odd man,” said Eve. Long e – Reading 2 Zeke came back from class and saw his brother, Rick. Rick had a big grin. “Why the big grin, Rick?” “These seeds!” said Rick. “If I put them deep, and if I see the sun, we will get peas!” “That is good!” said Zeke. “We need peas. Peas can feed mom and pop, and peas can feed you and I.” “These peas will get big and make seeds,” said Rick. “Then we can eat and eat and eat!” “If we eat peas with beef, we can get big and run fast and play on the team!” said Zeke.

15

Long Vowel Phonics

Long I (i-e , ie , igh)

▪ We can hike a mile at night. ▪ That nice dog might bite. ▪ The dime is mine but the tie is not mine. ▪ Pete and Jay got five mice and a pup. Short i and Long i

Short i, Short e and Long e Practice saying the groups of words below.

bit - bet - beat bean - Ben - bin

pin - pen - peen read - red - rid

dill - dell - deal seat - set - sit

rid - red - read seek - seck - sick

1. time mine night hike

2. might lie bite nine

3. tile fight dime fine

4. tie vine right size

5. hive vie mile ripe

6. side tide die sight

7. fine five hide bile

8. light nice line file

short long short long

1. bit bite sin sine

2. fin fine kit kite

3. rip ripe Bill bile

4. sit site mitt mine

5. dim dime hid hide

6. lit lite pip pipe

7. quit quite rid ride

8. sin size Tim time

16

Long Vowel Phonics

pit - pet - Pete peek - peck - pick

mitt - met - meat need - Ned - nid

lick - leck - leak peat - pet - pit

riff - ref - reef beef - beff - Biff

pick - peck - peek reed - red - rid

fid - fed - feed weed - wed - wid

liss - lass - lease peel – pell - pill

Long i – Reading 1 Mick and Mike will fight at five. Mike is not big, so Mike’s pal wants Mike to quit. It is not quite five, and Mike’s pal runs to Mike. “Quick, Mike! Go hide! You do not want to fight! You might get hit and cry!” “You are right,” said Mike. “I don’t want to fight. Mick wants to fight. He is a vile tike.” Mike and his pal will hide at the side of the dike. They will run a mile and go back and play. Mick might not fight at five. “Mike, did you lie?” asked his pal. “No, I did not lie,” said Mike. “I did not want to fight. I want to play!” Long i – Reading 2 Jim likes to ride his bike and hide by the lake. Today, he rides his bike five miles and stops to rest. He eats beef by a tree. “This is not beef,” says Jim. “This is veal! That’s okay. I like veal.” Jim sees a hive in the tree. Bees like to go in the hive. Jim wants to see a bee, so he hits the hive five times. Six bees fly and see Jim. “Oh, no!” says Jim. He runs to his bike, but he can not quite get away. The bees are quite mad. Jim yells and cries and hides. Jim will not hit the hive five times next time. He will just ride his bike and go away.

17

Long Vowel Phonics

Long o (o-e , oa , ow , o)

▪ I hope the boat floats. ▪ Joan votes in Rome. ▪ We run home at night and sleep. ▪ He can make a bowl with coal and foam. Short o and Long o

▪ The cod will soak in the pot. ▪ Ross will poke Dom with a mop. ▪ The cop can cope with the road. ▪ I know Todd’s joke by rote.

1. hope boat note foam

2. moan mope tow toad

3. soak load lone no

4. go bow nope pole

5. coal quote roam Rome

6. Joan toe so tone

7. vote low bone bile

8. moan coat bowl home

short long short long

1. bot boat cod code

2. dot doze sop soap

3. got goat hop hope

4. jock joke lob lobe

5. mop mope nod node

6. pot poke pod quote

7. rod road Todd toad

8. rot rote sock soak

18

Long Vowel Phonics

Long o – Reading 1 Ross is a jock with hope for a gal named Joan. Ross the jock will joke with Joan, but Joan will not dote on Ross the jock. Ross the jock has a joke, but Joan is not glad. “Woe is me,” moans Ross the jock. “I have no hope. I will be alone, with no Joan.” Hope is not lost. Joan has a note for Ross the jock. The jock reads the note. It says, “I like your joke, jock. Let’s take a date on a boat.” Ross the jock hops and nods. He will go on a date with Joan, so he will not mope. Joan gave him a note, so he has a bit of hope. Long o – Reading 2 Rose and Dom rode goats on a road. They like to chat and joke on the way home. Dom’s goat walks slowly. “This goat has a big load,” said Dom. “We can stop and rest by the road.” “Nope!” said Rose. “You want to go slow. You don’t want to go home. You just want to dote on me and tell me jokes.” “My jokes are so good!” said Dom. “You can quote them! But my goat cannot go on. I will rest by the road.” “I will rest with you,” said Rose. “But I hope you know, this is not a date.” “I know, I know,” said Dom. “Don’t moan so much!”

19

Long Vowel Phonics

Long u (u-e , oo, ew)

▪ The new zoo is too cool. ▪ The blue goose flew to the moon. ▪ Jon and Rick knew a cute cat. ▪ Meg is cute but she is too rude. Short u and Long u

▪ Jude is in a fun mood. ▪ The ruse is not cute, Russ. ▪ My mutt is mute, but it is cute. ▪ The newt will run to the rune.

1. cube moon new tube

2. lude dune cool boot

3. cue toon noon blue

4. cute soon June zoo

5. knew clue too rule

6. toot stew Sue flew

7. rude blue pool dew

8. goose food tune lewd

short long short long

1. cub cube lug lude

2. dun dune sun suit

3. cut cute rub rude

4. Jud June tub tune

5. mutt mute duck nuke

6. luck Luke mud mule

7. run rune nut tune

8. fun fume fuss fuse

20

Long Vowel Phonics

Long u – Reading 1 Luke is in a bad mood. His cute mutt has his boot on the roof. Soon the sun will set, and Luke cannot run without his boot, so Luke will fuss at the mutt. “Bad mutt!” yells Luke. “Come off the roof soon!” “Ruff, ruff,” yells the mutt. “Mutt, you are a fool!” yells Luke. “If you don’t come off the roof, I will not feed you food!” But the cute mutt will not come off the roof. The boot is good, and the mutt did not want food. Russ will run without his boot. His foot will look bad, but Russ is cool, so he will not be in a bad mood. Long u – Reading 2 Jud has a juke box in his room. Luke likes to play with the juke box, but he will not pay. Jud is not rude, but he is a bit mad. “My juke box is not free,” he says. “If you want tunes, you must pay.” “But I am your bud,” says Luke. “Must I pay to play a tune?” “Yes, you must,” says Jud. “My tunes are that good. If you want cool tunes, you must pay first.” “Well,” says Luke. “I want cool tunes, but I don’t want such a rude bud. My home has cool tunes, too. I don’t need your juke box.” “Wait, wait!” says Jud. “You can stay! The tunes are free! I don’t mean to be rude. I am just poor!” Short and Long Vowels ▪ He can make a hat with coal and foam. ▪ Steve and Pete will not eat red meat. ▪ The dime is mine but the tie is not mine. ▪ Jed cut the cake and ate a big bite. ▪ Meg is cute but she is very rude. ▪ I hope the boat will float. ▪ Can you make three cakes and then eat them?

21

Long Vowel Phonics

Reading Practice “Gabe and Jude” Gabe and Jude will hike a peak this weekend. Gabe wants to hike, and Jude wants to camp and have a fire, so they will hike to the peak in the day, then camp and have a fire at night. That day, they rode their bikes to the peak at noon, and they hiked all day. The path was not wide, so Gabe and Jude walked slowly. Then, Jude fell. “Ow!” he yelled. Jude went to him. “Are you okay?” he asked. “My leg, my leg! The pain, the pain! Call for help!” “Oh no,” said Gabe. “Can you walk?” Jude did not say. He just cried and cried and cried. “I did not want to hike,” cried Jude. “I just want to camp. Why did you make me hike?” “Don’t be mad,” said Gabe. “Just rest. We can camp here. Do you want to stay here for the night?” “Okay,” said Jude, and he did not cry. Gabe made a fire and set up the tent. Soon, Jude ate and smiled. He had less pain in his leg. “Is your leg okay?” asked Gabe. “Yes, it is,” said Jude. “You were in a very bad mood. What a fuss! You did not want to hike, you just wanted to cry and cry.” “Well, we can hike tomorrow. My leg will not hurt tomorrow. Then we can hike to the peak, or hike back to our bikes.” Then, the rain came. “Quick, get in the tent,” said Gabe. “It will rain very hard, I think.” Jude and Gabe sat in the tent and had a good time. They went to sleep and waited for the next day. Jude hurt his leg and the rain came, but all in all, it was a good day.

22

Consonant Blends and Digraphs

23

Consonant Blends

Consonant Blends bl cl fl gl pl sl

1. black slow flat clap

2. plain clue flew sleep

3. slap clip play float

4. block flip glide plane

5. slip flock clean glib

6. glut Blake plant class

7. bled slum flow blew

8. glow fled click slay

▪ Blake will sleep in class. ▪ Bob will slip and glide on a wet sled. ▪ We can plant a rose and play in back. ▪ The big plane flew slowly at night. Consonant Blends br cr dr fr gr pr tr

1. broke crab drum free

2. gram pray train Brian

3. creek drop frill green

4. press trap break crude

5. drool grass prize friend

6. track brand croak drive

7. frost groan trick brave

8. creep drove Grace prune

▪ Grace broke the green drum. ▪ Brian will take the free train home. ▪ I pray in bed at night. ▪ Frogs croak at the creek from morning to night.

24

Consonant Blends

Consonant Blends sc sk sl sm sn sp squ st sw

1. scam skate spit smoke

2. snack squeak swim scab

3. skim spell smell snake

4. stack sweet slack skate

5. speed Smith snow sleep

6. school skim sped smack

7. sneak Stan swill Swiss

8. spoon smite snail stand

▪ Steve eats Swiss cheese. ▪ We sneak to the school and swim at night. ▪ The quick snake ate my snack. ▪ Please spell the word “spoon,” Smith. Consonant Blends scr spl spr str thr

1. scratch splash stretch throw

2. split strap three sprint

3. thrive splint strip thrill

4. scrub spry scram splice

5. threw spleen stray thrill

6. scrap throw strive splay

7. strip spree split thrive

8. scram spring strive scream

▪ Scrub this strip and splice the spring. ▪ We strive to stretch the three scraps. ▪ I scream, you scream, we all scream for ice cream. ▪ Scrub the truck, Fred, but don’t scratch the paint.

25

Consonant Blends

Consonant Blends – thr vs. fr *The sounds thr and fr sound very similar. Practice saying each sound, and listen for the different sounds.

1. throw free three thrash

2. Fred frail thrown freed

3. thrive thrum frame Frank

4. thrill frat frost throne

5. frog thrust throng fresh

6. thrice fret fries frisk

7. fry thrift threw frock

8. thresh throes frock throat

▪ Throw the frame to Fred. ▪ Frank got a fright thrice. ▪ The frog will thrill the freak. ▪ Throngs of fresh fruit are on the throne.

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Consonant Digraphs

Consonant Digraphs (sh)

1. ship shake shop wish

2. fish mash shag shin

3. dash wash shun shore

4. shock dish blush shot

5. shoot shave plush flash

6. shush flush Shane clash

7. bash gosh show shoe

8. cash hash posh shack

▪ We wash the wet fish. ▪ Shane has cash in his shop. ▪ If you shake the shack you might break a dish. ▪ They eat hash and fish then wash and sleep. Consonant Digraphs (ch, tch)

▪ Chad will choose much cheese. ▪ “Don’t scratch that itch,” said Mitch. ▪ Hot dogs make such a great lunch. ▪ Mitch will teach the children math.

1. chip such chick lunch 2. chair much choose Chad 3. chap cheese chum chill 4. chase chime teach teacher 5. catch hatch fetch watch 6. stretch latch Thatcher notch 7. stitch witch scratch kitchen 8. hitch itch Mitch pitch

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Consonant Digraphs

Reading Review “Chad and Shane” Chad is quite rich. His mom and dad have a lot of cash, and each week they give a check to Chad. But Chad is such a nice boy and he does not show off because his best friend, Shane, is not as rich. Shane’s family does not have much. They live in a shack and have things that are very cheap. Shane lives with his two sisters, his father, and his mother. Every day they eat lunch together. Shane and his family do not have much, but they are happy because they have each other. Chad and Shane play together every day after school. They like to race their bikes in the city; Chad will chase Shane, then Shane will chase Chad. Sometimes, they go to the gym and play catch. At night, they will rush home and chat on the internet. Chad and Shane are very different, but they are glad to know each other. Consonant Digraphs (th)

▪ That cloth is thin. ▪ Father has smooth teeth. ▪ He will take a bath and do his math. ▪ They gather the trash on the path.

1. this they that those 2. these there them the 3. mother father brother breathe 4. smooth seethe gather rather 5. thick tooth think thought 6. faith thin math thunder 7. Thor goth thing think 8. bath cloth teeth path

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Consonant Digraphs

Consonant Digraphs - wh wh can sound like “hw” or like “h” 1. what whale when why 2. wheel whet where who* 3. whack whole* while whiz 4. whoa wheat which white 5. whiff whine whose* whip 6. whom* Whig whisk whacks 7. whets wheels whales whisker 8. whines who* whiz whole* *wh sounds like “h.” ▪ Where is the white whale? ▪ Who will the whiz kid whack? ▪ I whiff while I whine. ▪ “Whoa,” said the white whale. ▪ Who eats whole wheat? ▪ Whose whip is white?

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Special Sounds

30

Special Sounds

Special Sounds – ang / ing / ong / ung

▪ Ling sang a long song. ▪ The king is never wrong. ▪ A bee stung the lark’s wing. ▪ Hang the gang by the thin string. ▪ “Ding-dong” rang the bell. Special Sounds – ank / ink / onk / unk

▪ Hank can honk the tank. ▪ The pink donkey stinks. ▪ Carl is honking at the horse. ▪ Thank the punk for the pink drink. ▪ Will Hank flunk the art class?

1. sing ping long hung 2. rung song strung sting 3. sung lung pang yang 4. wing sang fang string 5. stung bang ding gang 6. rang wrong king hang 7. gong dong strong thing 8. bring sling fling ring

1. tank think honk trunk 2. stink wonk chunk thank 3. donkey spunk rank pink 4. junk bank shrink bunk 5. spank twinkle honking dunk 6. slinky clunk ankle dinky 7. stunk Hank wink Tonka 8. punk crank blink honks

31

Special Sounds

Special Sounds – ar

▪ Mark has a car in the yard. ▪ Carl and Bart will spar in the park. ▪ The dog barks at the lark. ▪ Don’t harm the cart, Garth. ▪ Pardon Carl; he is tardy. ▪ The park is farther than the farm. Special Sounds – or / oar

▪ The Norse horde is on the ark. ▪ Nora is hoarse this morning. ▪ Do you have more coarse cork? ▪ The lark was born to soar far. ▪ Thor has torn the form.

1. car spar start far 2. part scarf farm yard 3. dart tarp sparse cart 4. Garth hark jar ark 5. mart bar lark harm 6. carp farther park Bart 7. arm yarn darn Mars 8. par bark art Carl

1. bored for store oar 2. more boar torn force 3. Thor horde morning sort 4. wore vortex board tort 5. coarse pork north born 6. shore hoarse score Nora 7. sore storm cork fork 8. forlorn port chore snore

32

Special Sounds

Special Sounds – er / ir / ur

▪ The fir grows taller in the dirt. ▪ Don’t be a jerk, Vern. ▪ Burn the dirty jersey first. ▪ She got a fur skirt in Perth. ▪ Her sisters were shorter than her. ▪ Don’t surf on the serf’s turf, Kurt. Special Sounds – aw / au

▪ Don’t gawk at the tall author. ▪ The astronaut’s launch was flawed. ▪ Thaw the hawk and eat it raw. ▪ Paul’s aunt wears a shawl in the autumn. ▪ We saw a hawk’s claw on the lawn.

1. fern birth fur dirt 2. serf jerk girth fir 3. surf mother turf murky 4. sir lesser taller first 5. her lurch nerd purge 6. stern urn perk further 7. Bert skirt Vern curd 8. were turn Perth nurse

1. pause fault Paul astronaut 2. brawn audio straw auto 3. launch daub paws awful 4. bawl maul cause law 5. laud raw shawl sauce 6. saw claw vault aunt 7. autumn flaw crawl draw 8. thaw fraud gawk rickshaw

33

Special Sounds

Special Sounds – alk / ock

▪ The cocky jock stalks Brock. ▪ The flock of hawks walks on the chalk. ▪ Don’t jaywalk; use the crosswalk! ▪ Rocky sleepwalks in socks. Special Sounds – wa

Special Sounds – all / al

1. walk Brock stalk lock 2. balk beanstalk pock clock 3. stock jock talk cakewalk 4. dock flock jaywalk crock 5. sock talked Rocky cocky 6. chalk mock chock crosswalk 7. block chalkboard tock shock 8. rock smock sleepwalk hockey

1. water want watch Walter 2. wand wasp walk wall 3. watt wash Wanda swan 4. wallow swap swath waltz 5. wad swat swallow swab

1. ball malt tall fall 2. salt pall Walt wall 3. mall gall halt paltry 4. taller hall waltz stall 5. alter salty thrall baseball

34

Special Sounds

Special Sounds – wa / al / all ▪ Will Wanda swallow the malt? ▪ Walt has the gall to waltz in the hall. ▪ I want to wash with water in the mall. ▪ The swan watched the tall wall. ▪ These malt balls are too salty. ▪ The witch’s wand can alter the swan. ▪ Quick, Walter! Swat the wasp on the wall! ▪ Halt the waltz in the alter, Wanda! ▪ The watts can halt the tall swan. ▪ The mall is taller than the watchtower. Special Sounds – oi / oy

▪ Roy is a coy boy. ▪ The noise is a ploy to destroy the droid. ▪ Troy will join the envoy. ▪ Avoid the poison in the oil. ▪ Roy points to his loyal choice.

1. toy boil soy loin 2. coin spoil Roy boy 3. steroid joy foil coy 4. ploy Troy coil noise 5. choice enjoy join decoy 6. employ avoid loyal broil 7. doily droid annoy toil 8. destroy exploit royal hoist

35

Special Sounds

Special Sounds – ou / ow

▪ Ouch! The fowl hit my brow! ▪ Count the couches in the house. ▪ The loud noise makes the clown frown. ▪ The stout cow is bound to chow. ▪ The fowl are bound for the south. Special Sounds – air / arr / are / ear

▪ The hairy parrot is on the stairs. ▪ The fare is unfair, Darren. ▪ If you tear the form, you must repair it. ▪ Don’t stare at the barren bear, Claire. ▪ Larry is wearing a rare scarf.

1. shout pow round wow 2. chow out loud bow 3. south flower bound couch 4.thou vow spout trout 5. now vouch how mount 6. bout mount howl clown 7. fowl stout frown foul 8. ouch cow louse mouse

1. hair carry bare tear 2. fair share bear barren 3. stare pear pair sparrow 4. dare chair parrot fare 5. wear hare stairs Darren 6. air Larry scare blare 7. care barrel dairy bears 8. lair wearing carrot mare

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Special Sounds

Special Sounds – ear *ear can have 3 different sounds: /ear/, /air/ and/er/

▪ Earl’s girl wears pearl earrings. ▪ The bears heard Earl rehearse. ▪ Each year we spear a deer. ▪ Earl searched the earth to earn a pearl. ▪ Dear Claire, I swear to stay near. ▪ His bleary eyes leak tears. ▪ There’s a dearth of earnings this year. Special Sounds – old / olt / oll / ole

Special Sounds – ild / ind

1. fear bear earn sear 2. wear yearn dear pear 3. earth near tear heard 4. tear bears learn rear 5. wearing search shear pears 6. rehearse year tearing research 7. ear bear Earl spear 8. swear hearse clear pear

1. fold jolt toll mold 2. stroll colt stole roll 3. pole cold mole enroll 4. old Holt whole hold 5. sole bold pole sold

1. mild kind rind hind 2. find wild wind bind 3. mind blind binder grind 4. child milder finder childish

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Special Sounds

Special Sounds – old / olt / oll / ole / ild / ind ▪ Cole is bolder than Holt, but Holt is kind. ▪ The blind troll will find the gold pole. ▪ We took a stroll in the mild atoll. ▪ I sold the bolts to a kind child. ▪ The old dolt sold the moldy rind. ▪ The binder will roll and roll. ▪ The old Poles boldly revolt. ▪ The molten gold is not cold. ▪ Help me find the blind child. ▪ The wild colt enjoys rolling in the hay. Special Sounds – war / wor

▪ The warm scarf is worth a lot. ▪ Warren can thwart the world war. ▪ The warden worries about worms. ▪ The wharf has worthy work. ▪ Wards worms swarm backwards. Special Sounds – aught / ought

1. war worm warm worth 2. work ward world wharf 3. warp warden worse Warren 4. worthy worst dwarf wart 5. warn worry forward worsen 6. swarm works backward words 7. worms working thwart warming 8. worldly wars worries Ward

1. taught fought caught bought 2. fraught brought daughter thought 3. sought distraught ought naughty 4. naught wrought haughty thoughts

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Special Sounds

Special Sounds – ough There are many ways to pronounce “ough.” Here are 4 of the most common:

▪ Paul brought his daughter to class. ▪ I don’t have enough dough. ▪ His daughter is fraught with distraught thoughts. ▪ We bought bikes to ride through the park. ▪ I’m not distraught, even though I cough. ▪ I sought the tough task for naught. ▪ She coughs throughout the class. ▪ I thought you bought a doughnut, Paul! ▪ We caught a boar and bought a trough. ▪ I ought not to have thought such naughty thoughts. Special Sounds - tion / sion (Suffixes)

▪ My mission is division of the nation. ▪ We need a decision in this session. ▪ His profession is in admissions. ▪ Is it an illusion, or is it my vision? ▪ My conclusion will cause confusion.

“uff” “off” “oa” “oo” tough cough though through rough trough dough throughout enough doughnut slough borough

1. motion mission nation ration 2. session admission passion action 3. decision auction confusion caution 4. fiction lotion conclusion question 5. tension portion vision creation 6. section profession station division 7. fusion vacation option illusion 8. suction medication collision potion