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This is my final thesis project from my senior year at Philadelphia University. I developed new stations for the two new terminals at Philadelphia International Airport as well as updating the existing stations.
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Tran
sfor
min
g th
e Tr
ansp
orta
tion
Exp
erie
nce
Ph
ilade
lphi
a In
tern
atio
nal A
irpo
rt R
egio
nal R
ail
Rob
ert B
. Cas
tellu
cci
A T
hesi
s Cap
ston
e Pr
ojec
t in
Parti
al F
ulfi l
lmen
t of t
he R
equi
rem
ents
Fo
r the
Deg
ree
Bac
helo
r of L
ands
cape
Arc
hite
ctur
e
Scho
ol o
f Arc
hite
ctur
eD
epar
tmen
t of L
ands
cape
Arc
hite
ctur
ePh
ilade
lphi
a U
nive
rsity
May
201
0
Abs
trac
t
In
man
y m
ajor
citi
es m
ass t
rans
porta
tion
is a
n es
sent
ial p
art o
f peo
ple’
s com
mut
e. T
he R
1 is
Phi
lade
l-ph
ia’s
line
that
can
take
pas
seng
ers f
rom
Cen
ter C
ity to
the
airp
ort,
as w
ell a
s fro
m th
e ai
rpor
t to
all t
hree
maj
or
stop
s. It
can
als
o ta
ke p
asse
nger
s to
man
y sm
all s
ubur
bs o
f Phi
lade
lphi
a. A
long
the
train
stat
ion
corr
idor
s, pe
ople
hav
e cr
eate
d an
icon
ic e
nviro
nmen
t thr
ough
dum
ping
tras
h an
d cr
eatin
g gr
affi t
ii ar
t. A
long
w
ith th
is, t
he fa
ctor
ies t
hat l
ine
the
rout
e ha
ve b
ecom
e ve
ry ru
n do
wn.
In
2003
, Phi
lade
lphi
a In
tern
atio
nal A
ir-po
rt co
nstru
cted
two
new
term
inal
s, w
hich
left
the
train
stat
ions
out
date
d. T
his c
ause
d pr
oble
ms w
ith
pass
enge
r circ
ulat
ion
to th
e ne
w te
rmin
als f
rom
the A
Eas
t and
term
inal
E. E
astw
ick,
the
stat
ion
that
is
loca
ted
prio
r to
the
airp
ort c
ampu
s, is
als
o in
sim
ilar c
ondi
tion
and
it ne
eds u
pdat
ing.
Th
roug
h th
e re
deve
lopm
ent o
f the
Tra
nsfo
rmat
ion
of T
rans
porta
tion
at P
hila
delp
hia
Inte
rnat
iona
l A
irpor
t, is
sues
with
circ
ulat
ion,
aes
thet
ics a
nd v
iew
s thr
ough
out t
he a
irpor
t cam
pus w
ill b
e so
lved
. A
ddin
g a
new
stat
ion
at A
Wes
t will
hel
p pa
ssen
gers
get
to a
nd fr
om th
eir t
erm
inal
s muc
h fa
ster
and
eas
ier.
As w
ell a
s ad
ding
a n
ew st
atio
n at
A W
est t
here
will
be
a ne
w c
onne
ctio
n to
term
inal
F, t
he c
onne
ctio
n w
ill b
e a
boul
avar
d ty
pe p
ath
that
giv
es p
asse
nger
s acc
ess t
o bo
th fi
rst fl
oor
and
the
seco
nd fl
oor t
hrou
gh th
e sh
ort t
erm
par
king
br
idge
. Th
e re
st o
f the
stat
ions
will
als
o be
rede
velo
ped
to u
nify
the
desi
gn.
Incl
uded
in th
is re
deve
lopm
ent i
s Ea
stw
ick,
whi
ch is
loca
ted
prio
r to
the
airp
ort,
will
be
upda
ted
to se
rvic
e th
e ai
rpor
t em
ploy
ees t
hat a
re c
omin
g fr
om e
ither
the
offi c
e bu
ildin
g or
the
empl
oyee
lot.
The
stat
ion
is a
lso
loca
ted
alon
g a
resi
dent
ial a
rea,
whi
ch is
an
othe
r tar
get t
o us
e th
is st
atio
n. T
he st
atio
n ne
eds a
lot o
f upd
atin
g, fr
om n
ew si
gnag
e to
new
pla
tform
s. T
o in
tice
peop
le to
use
this
stat
ion,
ther
e w
ill b
e ad
ditio
nal c
omm
erci
al v
endo
rs.
Th
roug
h th
e de
velo
pmen
t of t
he A
irpor
t sta
tions
, as w
ell a
s Eas
twic
k, it
will
insp
ire p
eopl
e to
star
t to
exte
nd th
is re
vitil
izat
ion
all t
he w
ay u
p th
e co
rrid
or to
Cen
ter C
ity.
Thro
ugh
impr
ovin
g th
e is
sues
this
will
hel
p im
prov
e th
e im
age
of th
e ci
ty th
roug
h im
prov
ing
the
issu
es th
at th
e ci
ty o
f Phi
lade
lphi
a ne
glec
ts.
2
Tabl
e of
Con
tent
s
1.0
Intr
oduc
tion
4
1.1
Prob
lem
Sta
tem
ent
1.
2 C
once
ptua
l Goa
ls
1.3
Poss
ible
Con
stra
ints
1.
4 P
ossi
ble
Opp
ortu
nitie
s
1.5
Res
earc
h To
pics
2.0
Tra
nsfo
rmin
g th
e Tr
ansp
orta
tion
Exp
erie
nce
52.
1 L
itera
ture
Rev
iew
2.
2 M
ass T
rans
it vs
. Tra
ditio
nal C
ars
2.
3 Tr
ansi
t Sta
tions
: Con
nect
ing
Plac
es
2.4
Airp
ort T
erm
inal
s3.
0 C
ase
Stud
ies
8
3.1
Paris
, Fra
nce
3.
2 Po
rtlan
d, O
rego
n
3.3
Chi
cago
, Illi
nois
4.
0 G
uidl
ines
and
Des
ign
Cri
teri
a fo
r D
esig
n Im
plem
entio
n
11
4.1
Gui
dlin
es fo
r Des
ign
4.
2 D
esig
n C
riter
ia
5.0
Con
nect
ing
Eas
twic
k to
Phi
lade
lphi
a In
tern
atio
nal A
irpo
rt
12
5.1
Site
Sel
ectio
n
5.2
Exis
ting
Con
ditio
ns
5.3
Site
Inve
ntor
y an
d A
naly
sis-
Eas
twic
k St
atio
n
5.4
Site
Inve
ntor
y an
d A
naly
sis-
Phi
lade
lphi
a In
tern
atio
nal A
irpor
t
6.0
Red
evel
opm
ent o
f the
Tra
nspo
rtat
ion
Exp
erie
nce
186.
1 Pr
ogra
m a
nd C
once
pt D
evel
opm
ent-
East
wic
k St
atio
n
6.2
Prog
ram
and
Con
cept
Dev
elop
men
t- Ph
ilade
lphi
a In
erna
tiona
l
A
irpor
t7.
0 Tr
ansf
orm
ing
the
Tran
spor
tatio
n E
xper
ienc
e R
esul
ts
19
8.0
Mat
eria
ls U
sed
in D
esig
n
289.
0 Tr
ansf
orm
ing
Tran
spor
tatio
n C
oncl
usio
ns
30
10.0
Ref
eren
ces 2
31
3
1.0
In
trod
ucti
on1.
1 D
escr
iptio
n:
PH
L ha
s tra
nsit
stop
s for
the
R1
for t
erm
inal
s A E
ast t
hrou
gh te
rmin
al E
. In
rece
nt y
ears
, the
y ha
ve a
dded
two
mor
e te
rmin
als t
o th
e ai
rpor
t’s c
ampu
s. S
ince
then
, the
y ha
ve n
ot y
et in
clud
ed n
ew tr
ain
stop
s to
thos
e ne
w te
rmin
als.
Th
is p
roje
ct w
ould
dev
elop
a n
ew tr
ansi
t sto
p to
term
inal
s A W
est a
nd te
rmin
al F
. In
clud
ed in
dev
elop
ing
a ne
w st
op
for t
erm
inal
s A W
est a
nd F
, it w
ould
rede
velo
p a
com
bine
d de
sign
for t
he e
xist
ing
stop
s to
mim
ic th
e de
sign
of t
he
trans
it co
rrid
or a
s a w
hole
. A
s wel
l as t
he tr
ansi
t cor
ridor
at P
HL,
ther
e is
the
East
wic
k st
atio
n ju
st b
efor
e PH
L th
at
coul
d be
rede
velo
ped
to a
ct a
s a e
xten
ded
corr
idor
to c
reat
e a
com
bine
d de
sign
.
1.2
Con
cept
ual G
oals
:
In
doi
ng th
is p
roje
ct, I
hop
e to
lear
n ho
w I
mig
ht b
e ab
le to
des
ign
a tra
nsit
corr
idor
that
not
onl
y co
mbi
nes t
he
desi
gn a
s a w
hole
, but
als
o cr
eate
s a c
ohes
ive
way
to g
et p
asse
nger
s to
and
from
the
term
inal
s.
Th
e m
ain
obje
ctiv
e of
this
pro
ject
is to
dev
elop
a n
ew tr
ain
stop
for b
oth
term
inal
s A W
est a
nd F
, as
wel
l as t
o de
velo
p a
conn
ectio
n fr
om E
astw
ick
Stat
ion
that
cre
ates
a g
atew
ay in
to th
e Airp
ort.
Ano
ther
obj
ectiv
e is
to c
reat
e a
bette
r con
nect
ion
to th
e te
rmin
als f
or p
asse
nger
s to
get t
o an
d fr
om th
e st
atio
ns.
1.3
Poss
ible
Con
stra
ints
:
The
mai
n po
ssib
le c
onst
rain
t to
the
proj
ect i
s get
ting
“as b
uilt”
dra
win
gs, a
nd so
me
of th
e G
IS sh
apefi
les t
hat
I may
nee
d fo
r my
desi
gn.
I will
nee
d to
hav
e th
ose
rele
ased
from
PH
L to
eith
er th
e sc
hool
or m
y th
esis
adv
isor
, Jim
Q
uerr
y. A
noth
er p
ossi
ble
cons
train
t is t
hat I
will
not
hav
e se
curit
y cl
eara
nce
to b
e ab
le to
take
any
gro
und
phot
ogra
phy.
I w
ould
nee
d to
wor
k w
ith S
am C
onso
le, G
IS M
anag
er o
f the
Pla
nnin
g D
epar
tmen
t at P
HL.
1.4
Poss
ible
Opp
ortu
nitie
s:
Whi
le ta
lkin
g w
ith m
y su
perv
isor
s fro
m m
y su
mm
er in
tern
ship
with
PH
L, th
ey e
xpre
ssed
inte
rest
in th
e po
ssib
ility
of g
aini
ng m
y re
sults
for m
y pr
ojec
t. In
turn
, the
y w
ould
like
to h
ave
it on
fi le
to h
ave
for f
utur
e re
fere
nce
in c
ase
of a
n op
portu
nity
for t
he re
nova
tion
of th
e tra
in st
atio
ns.
1.5
Res
earc
h To
pics
:
1. R
ules
and
Reg
ulat
ions
for t
rain
stat
ions
2. P
rogr
am fo
r tra
in st
atio
n pl
atfo
rms
3. H
ow o
ften
do th
e tra
ins n
eed
to ru
n4.
Whe
re a
re th
e be
st p
lace
s to
put e
ntra
nces
to st
atio
n
4
2.0
Tr
ansf
orm
ing
the
Tran
spor
tati
on E
xper
ienc
e2.
1 L
itera
ture
Rev
iew
As a
ir tra
nspo
rt gr
ows,
seco
ndar
y tra
nspo
rtatio
n ne
eds t
o be
reev
alua
ted.
A si
mpl
e ye
t und
esire
d so
lutio
n w
ould
be
to e
xpan
d st
reet
s, hi
ghw
ays a
nd e
nlar
ge p
arki
ng lo
ts to
relie
ve th
e in
crea
sed
cong
estio
n.
Airp
ort a
utho
ritie
s hav
e a
limite
d am
ount
of s
pace
to e
xpan
d an
d th
eir p
riorit
y is
airp
ort f
acili
ties v
s. Pa
rkin
g lo
ts.
Not
onl
y ar
e ai
rpor
ts ru
nnin
g lo
w o
n sp
ace
for a
dditi
onal
par
king
lots
but
ther
e is
the
adde
d pe
dest
rian
cong
estio
n in
the
as in
the
term
inal
s tra
nsfe
r fr
om th
e ai
rpor
t to
the
road
s as w
ell.
And
the
bigg
er th
e ai
rpor
t onl
y m
eans
that
the
mor
e co
nges
tion
will
occ
ur.
Mas
s Tra
nsit
is o
ne so
lutio
n to
thes
e m
ultip
le a
irpor
ts is
sue.
It p
rovi
des t
he sa
me
serv
ices
as t
axis
and
bus
ses b
ut it
pr
ovid
es a
mor
e effi c
ient
and
spac
e sa
ving
env
ironm
ent.
Hop
eful
ly fo
r the
larg
er a
irpor
ts th
e us
e of
mas
s tra
nsit
will
in
crea
se b
y at
leas
t 50
perc
ent,
stat
ed b
y th
e B
AA
for a
irpor
ts in
the
UK
. A
irpor
ts th
at h
ave
trans
it st
atio
ns th
at se
rvic
e in
divi
dual
term
inal
s for
pas
seng
ers s
houl
d be
pro
mot
e th
e us
age
of th
e m
ass t
rans
it as
the
mai
n so
urce
of t
rans
porta
tion
to a
nd fr
om th
e ai
rpor
t. T
his a
lso
can
incl
ude
the
coop
erat
ion
betw
een
the
airp
ort o
pera
tions
and
railr
oad
oper
atio
ns.
This
incl
udes
the
bagg
age
hand
ling
and
how
they
wor
k to
geth
er to
mee
t the
nee
ds o
f the
pas
seng
er.
So so
me
of th
e la
rger
airp
orts
can
be
over
crow
ded
so th
at th
e us
e of
stre
ets a
nd e
ven
thro
ugh
the
term
inal
s, so
the
use
of in
terio
r ra
ilway
s hav
e be
en p
ropo
sed
to a
nsw
er th
e is
sues
of t
he o
verc
row
ded
airp
orts
.
Air
port
Tra
nsit
Info
rmat
ion
Airp
orts
hav
e ta
ken
step
s tow
ard
impr
ovin
g th
e co
nnec
tion
of th
e w
ay p
eopl
e ge
t to
the
airp
ort a
s wel
l as h
ow th
ey
get h
ome.
The
re h
ave
been
som
e ne
w d
evel
opm
ents
that
hav
e be
en c
reat
ed to
impr
ove
thes
e co
nnec
tions
: Adv
ance
d Tr
avel
er In
form
atio
n Se
rvic
es (A
TIS)
•Te
chno
logy
for R
ide
Mat
chin
g•
Alte
rnat
ive
Stra
tegi
es fo
r Off-
site
che
ck-in
.Th
e us
e of
the A
TIS
serv
ices
defi
nes
thre
e di
ffere
nt ty
pes o
f inf
orm
atio
n at
the
time
of p
lann
ing,
at t
he ti
me
of
com
men
cem
ent a
nd e
n ro
ute.
The
info
rmat
ion
that
info
rms t
he tr
avel
er a
bout
the
grou
nd tr
ansp
orta
tion
that
is
prov
ided
is g
iven
at t
he ti
me
of p
lann
ing
to in
form
the
trave
ler w
hen
they
pur
chas
e th
e tic
ket,
sinc
e th
ey d
o th
is a
t le
ast a
few
day
s if n
ot e
arlie
r tha
n th
e tim
e th
ey fl
y. T
his c
an e
ncou
rage
the
trave
ler t
o us
e th
e tra
nsit
syst
em ra
ther
th
an a
car
sinc
e th
ey k
now
that
it is
ava
ilabl
e to
them
. Th
e in
form
atio
n at
the
time
of c
omm
ence
men
t wou
ld b
e to
in
form
the
trave
ler w
ould
be
to in
form
the
trave
ler o
f any
cha
nges
in tr
avel
to th
e ai
rpor
t. T
his c
ould
incl
ude
thin
gs
such
as a
ccid
ents
, cha
nges
in fl
ight
info
rmat
ion
or d
elay
s. T
his i
nfor
mat
ion
can
now
giv
e th
e tra
vele
r the
pro
per
info
rmat
ion
to e
ncou
rage
them
to th
en ta
ke a
trai
n to
the
airp
ort r
athe
r tha
n dr
ive
to th
e ai
rpor
t. F
inal
ly th
ere
is th
e en
rout
e in
form
atio
n, th
is d
eals
with
the
info
rmat
ion
that
per
tain
s to
spec
ifi c
deta
ils su
ch a
s gat
e in
form
atio
n an
d ot
her i
nfor
mat
ion
such
as p
latfo
rm o
r dep
artu
re ti
mes
.
In so
me
case
s the
airp
ort c
ould
hav
e so
urce
s of a
ltern
ativ
e tra
nspo
rtatio
n, b
ut e
ither
lack
of i
nfor
mat
ion
give
n or
th
ey g
ive
the
info
rmat
ion
to th
e pu
blic
but
in th
e fo
rmat
that
is n
ot a
lway
s the
eas
iest
to a
cces
s. L
ike
New
Yor
k an
d N
ew Je
rsey
they
bot
h pr
ovid
e th
eir u
sers
with
alli
tera
tive
sour
ces o
f tra
nspo
rtatio
n. S
ome
even
giv
e th
e pa
ssen
gers
th
e ex
act s
ched
ule
of e
very
trai
n th
at w
ill a
rriv
e at
the
airp
ort.
But
in so
me
case
s the
y w
ill e
xclu
de in
form
atio
n as
wel
l, su
ch a
s the
info
rmat
ion
on w
heth
er o
r not
the
pass
enge
r will
nee
d to
mak
e a
trans
fer b
efor
e th
eir fi
nal
de
stin
atio
n.
The
Emer
ging
Rai
l Tec
hnol
ogy
is th
e co
ncep
t of i
ncor
pora
ting
new
tech
nolo
gy to
add
ress
the
issu
e of
the
stor
age
of b
agga
ge.
As o
f now
man
y of
the
syst
ems t
hat a
re b
eing
use
d do
not
acc
omm
odat
e th
e pa
ssen
gers
nee
d to
ha
ve a
pla
ce to
put
bag
gage
. Th
is c
once
pt b
rings
in th
e ne
cess
ary
tech
nolo
gy to
brin
g th
e ac
com
mod
atio
ns to
the
pass
enge
r so
that
they
can
eas
ily g
et to
and
from
the
airp
ort w
ith a
s litt
le h
assl
e as
pos
sibl
e.
5
2.0
Tr
ansf
orm
ing
the
Tran
spor
tati
on E
xper
ienc
e
2.2
M
ass T
rans
it vs
. Tra
ditio
nal C
ars
D
ue to
the
fact
that
ther
e is
an
incr
ease
in c
ars t
han
befo
re w
e ha
ve d
eter
min
ed th
at th
e ro
ad sy
stem
m th
at is
in
plac
e n
ow is
not
the
right
size
that
it n
eeds
to b
e to
supp
ort t
he n
eed
of to
day’
s soc
iety
. Av
erag
e tra
vel t
imes
hav
e in
crea
sed
to a
ppro
xim
atel
y 22
-26
min
utes
in re
cent
dec
ades
. In
con
nect
ion
to th
e in
crea
se in
trav
el ti
mes
the
amou
nt
of c
omm
uter
s has
rise
n as
wel
l, th
e nu
mbe
r has
incr
ease
d to
13
to 1
5 pe
rcen
t of t
he U
nite
d St
ates
tota
l. T
hese
num
bers
refl e
ct th
e po
pula
tion
that
has
a c
omm
utin
g tim
e of
at l
east
45
min
utes
. Thi
s is e
stim
ated
to h
ave
som
e ki
nd o
f neg
ativ
e im
pact
on
the
econ
omy.
Th
e m
ore
peop
le st
art t
o us
e pu
blic
tran
spor
tatio
n th
e m
ore
mon
ey th
at g
oes i
nto
the
loca
l in
dust
ry.
Alth
ough
com
mut
e tim
e ha
s inc
reas
ed th
e us
e of
pub
lic tr
ansp
orta
tion
can
incr
ease
the
ease
and
cos
t of t
rave
l. Th
is c
ould
als
o he
lp th
e co
nges
tion
of ro
adw
ays a
s wel
l as t
he a
rriv
als a
nd d
epar
ture
road
s. B
y en
cour
agin
g pe
ople
to
take
the
trans
it sy
stem
this
can
cre
ate
a be
tter a
nd m
ore
effi c
ient
way
of g
ettin
g to
and
from
the
airp
ort.
Th
ere
are
plac
es w
here
the
trans
it sy
stem
doe
s see
m to
wor
k, th
e pl
aces
seem
to refl e
ct w
here
peo
ple
are
mor
e de
pend
ent o
n it
for e
cono
mic
al re
ason
s. P
eopl
e w
ho a
re n
ot a
ble
to a
fford
a c
ar h
ave
been
a re
ason
for t
he su
cces
s fo
r tra
nspo
rtatio
n. A
lthou
gh th
ey h
ave
been
tryi
ng to
get
the
peop
le th
at a
re le
ss d
epen
dent
peo
ple
in h
opes
to g
ain
a w
ider
arr
ay o
f cus
tom
ers.
The
one
reas
on w
hy th
e bu
ses f
ail t
o br
ing
the
mor
e “t
rans
it de
pend
ent”
peo
ple
on th
e bu
s is
beca
use
of th
e fa
ct th
at th
ey sh
are
the
cong
este
d ro
ads.
2.3
Tran
sit S
tatio
ns: C
onne
ctin
g Pl
aces
Tr
ansi
t sta
tions
can
hel
p a
com
mun
ity in
man
y di
ffere
nt fa
ctor
s, su
ch a
s pro
mot
ing
sust
aina
ble
use
of
trans
porta
tion
as w
ell a
s lan
d us
e as
wel
l as t
he st
imul
atio
n of
loca
l eco
nom
y an
d to
star
t tec
hnol
ogic
al a
nd in
stitu
tiona
l ch
ange
. In
Eur
ope
the
rest
ruct
urin
g of
the
trans
it se
rvic
es h
as a
lso
help
ed in
the
chan
ges i
n ur
ban
deve
lopm
ent.
The
tra
nsit
syst
ems t
hat h
ave
been
dev
elop
ed h
ave
beco
me
maj
or fa
ctor
s on
urba
n re
stru
ctur
ing.
The
railw
ay c
an b
e co
nsid
ered
as “
node
s” a
s wel
l as s
erie
s of “
netw
orks
”. T
hese
can
be
defi n
ed a
s:
• a
fabr
ic o
r stru
ctur
e of
cor
ds a
nd w
ires t
hat c
ross
at r
egul
ar in
terv
als a
nd a
re k
notte
d or
secu
red
at th
e cr
ossi
ngs.
•A
syst
em o
f lin
es o
r cha
nnel
s res
embl
ing
a ne
twor
k.•
An
inte
rcon
nect
ed o
r int
erre
late
d ch
ain,
gro
up, o
r sys
tem
(as i
n a
netw
ork
of h
otel
s).
Th
e us
e of
nod
es c
an b
e us
eful
in d
evel
opin
g ar
eas o
f con
cent
ratio
n, su
ch a
s are
as o
f act
ivity
. A
irpor
ts,
road
s, ou
tlets
and
pub
lic tr
ansp
ort i
nter
chan
ges t
end
to b
e ce
ntra
lized
aro
und
thes
e no
des.
Thi
s can
hel
p ex
plai
n w
hat i
s goi
ng o
n w
ith th
e tra
in st
atio
n an
d it’
s rel
atio
nshi
p to
the
area
that
surr
ound
s the
trai
n st
atio
n. T
here
are
fo
ur a
ppro
ache
s to
the
rela
tions
hip
to th
e su
rrou
ndin
g ar
ea to
the
train
stat
ion,
in o
ther
wor
ds c
ould
be
calle
d th
e “w
alka
ble
radi
us”
to th
e st
atio
n.
• Wal
kabl
e ra
dius
- is t
he c
ircul
ar a
rea
radi
atin
g fr
om th
e ra
ilroa
d st
atio
n th
at is
con
side
red
to b
e th
e W
alka
ble
dist
ance
. Fo
r exa
mpl
e th
e fi v
e an
d te
n m
inut
e w
alki
ng c
ircle
s.• F
unct
iona
l-his
toric
al e
lem
ents
- the
are
a is
her
e co
nsid
ered
to b
e eq
ual t
o th
e su
m o
f the
func
tiona
l ele
men
ts
havi
ng a
stro
ng e
vide
nt c
onne
ctin
g st
atio
n an
d ci
ty c
entre
, or i
ndus
trial
and
dis
tribu
tion
faci
litie
s with
a
dire
ct c
onne
ctio
n to
the
stat
ion.
Top
ogra
phic
Fro
m th
is p
oint
of v
iew
the
railw
ay st
atio
n ar
ea is
the
surf
ace
incl
uded
with
in a
n ar
bitra
ry se
ctio
n of
the
map
.
Th
e ra
ilway
stat
ion
tend
s to
conn
ect t
o an
othe
r tra
nspo
rtatio
n sy
stem
, suc
h as
airp
orts
. Ye
t the
con
nect
ion
betw
een
the
two
tend
to b
e fr
agm
ente
d. T
hey
tend
to n
ot h
ave
the
sam
e m
anag
emen
t, bu
t the
y bo
th c
oexi
st.
2.4
Air
port
Ter
min
als:
A
s tim
es c
hang
e so
do
the
way
that
we
trave
l. T
he d
esig
n of
airp
orts
hav
e m
ade
a st
ep to
war
ds m
akin
g it
mor
e en
joya
ble
for p
eopl
e w
hile
they
wai
t for
thei
r pla
ne.
They
are
now
inco
rpor
atin
g re
tail
shop
s in
term
inal
s so
that
peo
ple
can
spen
d th
e “d
rab
spac
e” sh
oppi
ng (S
unde
rland
). T
hey
have
real
ized
that
ther
e is
a p
oten
tial i
n ad
ding
reta
il to
the
term
inal
. In
pas
t yea
rs th
e id
ea fo
r airp
ort d
esig
n w
as g
et p
eopl
e fr
om th
eir t
rans
porta
tion
to
the
airp
ort a
nd o
n th
e pl
ane
as q
uick
ly a
s pos
sibl
e. T
rave
lers
wer
e en
cour
aged
to m
ove
quic
kly
to th
eir g
ates
with
lit
tle to
no
dist
ract
ions
in th
e pa
th to
the
gate
. Th
e m
ater
ials
that
are
use
d in
the
airp
ort a
re a
lso
chos
en to
mak
e th
e pe
dest
rian
traffi
c m
ore
effi c
ient
by
usin
g gr
ey o
n gr
ey fi
nish
es, fl
ore
scen
t lig
htin
g an
d til
e ce
iling
.
Airp
orts
now
hav
e ch
ange
d th
e at
titud
e th
at th
ey w
ante
d th
e tra
vele
r to
just
go
stra
ight
to th
e ga
te a
nd o
n th
e pl
ane.
B
y ad
ding
thes
e re
tail
stor
es a
nd o
ther
attr
actio
ns th
ey a
re tr
ying
to c
hang
e th
e st
ress
ful e
nviro
nmen
t tha
t the
airp
ort 6
used
to b
e to
a m
ore
rela
and
enj
oyab
le e
xper
ienc
e. A
irpor
ts h
ave
take
n th
e de
sign
of t
hese
attr
actio
ns b
y us
ing
the
city
that
it is
loca
ted
in a
s mea
ns o
f ins
pira
tion.
(Sun
derla
nd)
T
hey
have
als
o ta
ken
into
acc
ount
that
ther
e ar
e tw
o m
ain
type
s of a
irpor
t cus
tom
ers.
Ther
e is
the
peop
le
that
are
in a
hur
ry, a
nd th
e on
es th
at h
ave
give
n th
emse
lves
mor
e tim
e to
get
to th
e ai
rpor
t and
hav
e tim
e to
rela
x.
This
mea
ns th
at th
ey h
ave
take
n sp
ecifi
c id
eas s
uch
as d
esig
ning
stor
es li
ke st
reet
s in
the
city
that
it is
loca
ted.
The
y em
phas
ize
the
layo
ut o
f the
airp
ort t
o se
rve
the
cost
umer
. For
the
cust
omer
s in
a hu
rry
they
use
wid
e co
rrid
ors a
nd
emph
asiz
e th
e us
e of
wal
l spa
ce fo
r pro
duct
s. A
noth
er h
elpf
ul to
ol is
the
use
of se
lf-se
rve
oper
ated
sale
s to
incr
ease
im
puls
e bu
ying
.(Sun
derla
nd)
2.0
Tr
ansf
orm
ing
the
Tran
spor
tati
on E
xper
ienc
e
7
3.0
P
rece
dent
Stu
dies
3.1
Pari
s, Fr
ance
Cha
rles
de
Gau
lle In
tern
atio
nal A
irpo
rt
Cha
rles d
e G
aulle
was
one
of t
he fi
rst a
irpor
ts to
hav
e an
inte
grat
ed ra
il sy
stem
in E
urop
e. T
he sy
stem
that
they
us
e is
cal
led
the
RER
rapi
d TG
V tr
ain,
it re
ache
s cen
ter c
ity P
aris
in a
ppro
xim
atel
y 45
min
utes
, Lill
e an
d B
russ
els i
n an
ho
ur.
They
als
o pr
ovid
e ot
her g
roun
d tra
nspo
rtatio
n su
ch a
s the
RAT
P bu
ses,
limou
sine
s and
taxi
s. T
he R
ER h
as tw
o se
para
te tr
ains
CD
G 1
and
CD
G 2
, the
fi rs
t tra
in se
rvic
es te
rmin
als 1
and
3 a
nd th
e se
cond
one
serv
ices
term
inal
2 a
nd
TGV
Tra
in.
They
hav
e a
free
airp
ort s
huttl
e th
at c
an b
e ta
ken
from
any
term
inal
to e
ither
of t
he R
ER st
atio
ns.
Bef
ore
getti
ng o
n th
e C
DG
VAL
whi
ch is
the
airp
ort s
huttl
e tra
vele
rs c
an b
uy th
eir t
rain
tick
ets.
The
se ti
cket
s can
als
o be
use
d fo
r bot
h th
e R
ER a
nd th
e M
etro
that
peo
ple
can
take
to th
eir fi
nal
des
tinat
ion
in P
aris
. Th
e R
ER c
onsi
sts o
f fi v
e ex
pres
s co
mm
uter
trai
ns.
Thes
e di
ffere
nt li
nes h
ave
been
con
side
red
to b
e m
ore
diffi
cult
to tr
avel
than
that
of t
he m
etro
in th
e ci
ty li
mits
. Th
is is
due
to th
e fa
ct th
at th
ey d
ispe
rse
into
diff
eren
t lin
es.
The
line
that
serv
ices
CD
G a
irpor
t is L
ine
B.
The
stat
ion
Gar
e du
Nor
d is
the fi r
st to
dep
art P
aris
in ro
ute
to th
e ai
rpor
t.
Sum
mar
y Ass
essm
ent:
RE
R F
or P
hila
delp
hia
Inte
rnat
iona
l Air
port
Th
e R
ER is
a v
ery
good
way
in w
hich
Par
is tr
avel
ers g
et to
and
from
the
airp
ort.
A k
ey p
art o
f thi
s sys
tem
is
the
fact
that
they
pro
vide
a c
lear
way
to g
et fr
om th
e R
ER to
and
from
the
term
inal
s. It
dro
ps tr
avel
ers o
ff at
eac
h of
th
e di
ffere
nt te
rmin
als a
t the
airp
ort,
alth
ough
trav
eler
s nee
d to
be
awar
e of
whi
ch tr
ain
goes
whe
re to
be
certa
in it
goe
s to
the
right
term
inal
. It
also
giv
es th
e rid
er th
e op
tion
to b
uy th
eir t
icke
ts to
get
to th
e ai
rpor
t and
the
city
in o
ne p
lace
.
If th
e pe
rson
nee
ds to
take
the
RER
to th
e M
etro
they
can
buy
bot
h tic
kets
at t
he b
egin
ning
of t
he tr
ip.
Phila
delp
hia
Inte
rnat
iona
l Airp
ort i
s now
in a
situ
atio
n w
here
the
trave
lers
that
are
tryi
ng to
mak
e th
eir fl
ight
s at
both
term
inal
s a a
nd F
hav
e to
wal
k th
roug
h ot
her t
erm
inal
s to
get t
o th
eirs
. Th
ey n
eed
to c
ome
up w
ith n
ew st
atio
ns to
co
nnec
t the
trav
eler
s to
thei
r fi n
al g
ate.
Als
o th
e w
ay th
at C
DG
offe
rs ti
cket
sale
s in
thei
r sta
tions
cou
ld b
e of
fere
d as
an
opt
ion
for p
eopl
e go
ing
into
the
city
. To
take
that
one
step
furth
er, t
hey
coul
d al
so in
trodu
ce a
n ad
vanc
ed c
heck
in a
t th
e st
atio
ns so
that
it m
ay c
ut d
own
on c
row
ded
lines
insi
de th
e ai
rpor
t. P
hila
delp
hia
has a
lack
of c
onne
ctio
n to
the
rail
syst
em, i
t run
s thr
ough
and
del
iver
s peo
ple
to c
erta
in te
rmin
als b
ut le
aves
the
trave
ler t
o fi n
d ou
t whe
re th
ey n
eed
to g
o by
them
selv
es.
8
3.2
Port
land
, Ore
gon
Port
of P
ortla
nd, P
ortla
nd O
rego
n In
tern
atio
nal A
irpo
rt
Portl
and
has a
ver
y lo
ng a
nd e
xten
sive
his
tory
, it h
as g
one
from
hor
se d
raw
n to
a n
ew T
riMet
syst
em th
at th
ey c
urre
ntly
ar
e us
ing
and
expa
ndin
g. A
rece
nt p
roje
ct is
one
in w
hich
pro
vide
s the
city
of a
ver
y es
sent
ial s
ervi
ce o
f tra
nspo
rtatio
n to
the
airp
ort.
It is
cal
led
the A
irpor
t Max
Red
Lin
e Pr
ojec
t. It
star
ted
May
199
9, ru
nnin
g a
tota
l dis
tanc
e of
fi ve
and
a h
alf m
iles
with
a g
rand
tota
l of f
our s
tops
alo
ng th
e w
ay.
The fi n
al c
onst
ruct
ion
date
for t
he p
roje
ct w
as o
n Se
ptem
ber 1
0, 2
001.
The
re
are
two
key
stop
s tha
t occ
ur a
long
the
airp
ort l
ine,
the
Ore
gon
Con
vent
ion
Cen
ter a
nd th
e Po
rtlan
d C
ity C
ente
r. T
he T
riMet
sy
stem
is th
e fi r
st ra
il sy
stem
to p
rovi
de tr
ansp
orta
tion
to th
e ai
rpor
t via
rail
serv
ice
on th
e w
est c
oast
. It
also
use
d th
e ex
istin
g tra
nsit
right
of w
ay a
long
Inte
rsta
te 2
05 th
eref
ore
not t
akin
g up
any
new
land
whi
ch c
ould
be
used
for o
ther
pur
pose
s.(23
) Th
eai
rpor
t Max
was
des
igne
d to
use
the
sam
e tra
cks a
s the
Max
blu
e lin
e, w
hich
has
als
o in
crea
sed
the
use
of th
e sy
stem
as w
ell a
sin
crea
se th
e he
adw
ays t
o 5
to 7
min
utes
. It
was
orig
inal
ly th
ough
t to
be a
ver
y co
nven
ient
attr
ibut
e bu
t was
put
to th
e si
de d
ueto
an
exte
nsiv
e ex
pans
ion
done
on
the
airp
ort.
The
y fi n
ally
site
d th
e st
atio
n on
the
sout
h en
d of
the
airp
ort.
Thi
s pro
vide
d th
e tra
vele
rs a
cces
s to
and
from
the
bagg
age
clai
m a
rea.
Thi
s als
o gi
ves t
he st
atio
n th
e cl
aim
of b
eing
the
mos
t con
veni
ent s
tatio
nof
any
airp
ort.(
24
The
stat
ion
was
als
o si
ted
so th
at if
the
airp
ort w
ere
to w
ant t
o ad
d an
y ne
w te
rmin
als t
o th
e ex
istin
g ca
mpu
s the
y co
uld
re-s
ite th
e st
atio
n. I
t is s
ituat
ed in
an
exis
ting
right
of w
ay a
nd is
a o
ne tr
ack
syst
em in
to th
e ai
rpor
t but
can
switc
h to
a tw
o la
ne
track
with
out c
ross
ove
r tra
cks a
t the
two
track
stat
ion.
Thi
s was
a te
mpo
rary
syst
em w
hich
has
bec
ome
a w
idel
y us
ed sy
stem
toge
t to
and
from
the
airp
ort.
The
pla
tform
wid
ens a
t the
term
inal
doo
rs b
ut is
wed
ged
at th
e en
d to
acc
omm
odat
e th
e tra
cks.(
24)
Sum
mar
y Ass
essm
ent:
A n
ew lo
ok fo
r Ph
ilade
lphi
a
The
way
that
the
TriM
et h
as ta
ken
way
s in
whi
ch th
ey c
an b
uild
a sy
stem
thro
ugh
mea
ns o
f exi
stin
g co
rrid
ors.
The
y ha
ve ta
ken
idea
s in
whi
ch to
cre
ate
a sy
stem
that
can
wor
k in
ord
er to
mak
e th
e tri
p to
the
airp
ort l
ike
a co
rrid
or.
They
hav
e al
so
take
n in
to a
ccou
nt th
e w
ay th
at th
e pa
ssen
ger e
nter
s the
airp
ort.
The
loca
tion
is v
ery
impo
rtant
and
whe
re th
ey w
ant t
o go
is
anot
her
key
aspe
ct.
Ano
ther
thin
g is
that
they
hav
e ad
ded
two
mai
n st
atio
ns.
Ph
ilade
lphi
a co
uld
use
thes
e id
eas i
n m
any
diffe
rent
way
s and
in a
way
hav
e st
arte
d us
ing
them
alre
ady.
The
trai
n al
read
y st
ops a
t tw
o m
ain
stat
ions
, 30t
h st
reet
stat
ion
whi
ch m
any
peop
le c
ome
thro
ugh
from
var
ious
pla
ces,
even
out
of s
tate
pe
ople
. B
ut th
e m
ain
stat
ion
that
nee
ds to
be
re-d
one
is th
e st
atio
n rig
ht b
efor
e th
e ai
rpor
t bec
ause
it is
for t
he a
irpor
t offi
ces o
ff th
e m
ain
cam
pus.
Thi
s cou
ld b
e us
ed a
s the
gat
eway
into
the
airp
ort a
s a u
nifo
rmed
des
ign
to c
onne
ct th
e en
tire
corr
idor
to th
eai
rpor
t. T
he id
eas t
hat h
ave
been
use
d al
so c
an st
art t
o in
form
a w
ay in
whi
ch w
e ca
n st
art t
o ed
ucat
e pe
ople
on
one
of m
any
way
s we
can
mak
e tra
nspo
rtatio
n m
ore
sust
aina
ble
and
effi c
ient
.
3.0
P
rece
dent
Stu
dies
9
3.0
P
rece
dent
Stu
dies
3.3
Chi
cago
, Illi
nois
C
hica
go M
idw
ay In
tern
atio
nal A
irpo
rt
C
hica
go h
as tw
o m
ajor
airp
orts
, one
is M
idw
ay a
nd th
ey o
ther
is O
’Har
e In
tern
atio
nal.
The
y bo
th h
ave
acce
ss
to th
em th
roug
h tra
nsit
stat
ions
, as w
ell a
s the
re is
a ro
ute
for p
asse
nger
s to
take
a tr
ain
from
one
airp
ort t
o th
e ot
her.
Th
e C
hica
go T
rans
it A
utho
rity
runs
two
lines
that
run
to e
ither
with
a c
onne
ctin
g st
atio
n th
at p
asse
nger
s can
use
to ta
ke
to th
e ot
her.
Not
onl
y do
es M
idw
ay h
ave
a co
nnec
tion
to e
ach
airp
ort t
hey
have
foun
d a
succ
essf
ul w
ay in
whi
ch to
us
e w
ay fi
ndin
g to
hel
p th
e co
stum
er fi
nd th
eir w
ay to
and
from
the
trans
it st
atio
n at
the
airp
ort.
The
y ha
ve m
ultip
le
over
head
sign
age
to h
elp
the
pass
enge
r fi n
d th
eir w
ay to
the
stat
ion.
The
tran
sit s
tatio
n al
so in
clud
es si
gnag
e th
at te
lls
pass
enge
rs th
e st
atus
and
gat
e of
all fl i
ghts
. A
s an
adde
d co
nven
ienc
e to
pas
seng
ers t
he st
atio
n in
clud
es ti
cket
mac
hine
s in
ord
er to
buy
the
ticke
t bef
ore
they
get
on
the
train
.
Sum
mer
y Ass
essm
ent:
Inte
grat
ed S
igna
ge S
yste
ms
M
idw
ay h
as ta
ken
a sy
stem
that
they
can
con
nect
two
airp
orts
toge
ther
, but
they
hav
e al
so ta
ken
a sy
stem
that
th
ey c
an u
se to
hel
p th
e pa
ssen
gers
get
to th
eir t
erm
inal
as w
ell a
s get
hom
e as
eas
y as
pos
sibl
e. T
he u
se o
f sig
nage
to
give
peo
ple
dire
ctio
n to
whe
re th
ey n
eed
to g
o an
d in
form
atio
n on
whe
re th
ings
can
be
foun
d is
ver
y im
porta
nt to
bot
h th
e ai
rpor
t as w
ell a
s the
tran
sit s
yste
m, t
his h
elps
inco
rpor
ate
a un
ifi ed
syst
em to
brin
g pe
ople
to a
nd fr
om th
eir h
omes
to
the
airp
ort a
nd v
ise
vers
a. T
he si
gns t
hat t
ell t
he p
asse
nger
whe
re to
go
and
wha
t the
stat
us o
f the
fl ig
ht is
can
hel
p in
less
con
gest
ion
arou
nd a
rriv
als a
nd d
epar
ture
sign
s ins
ide
the
airp
ort.
Thi
s can
als
o cu
t dow
n on
con
fusi
on o
n w
here
th
ey n
eed
to b
e an
d al
so m
akin
g it
easi
er fo
r peo
ple
and
cut d
own
on p
eopl
e m
issi
ng fl
ight
s due
to ti
me
spen
t on fi n
ding
th
eir w
ay to
the
gate
and
or t
rans
it st
atio
ns.
Ph
ilade
lphi
a an
d Ea
stw
ick
coul
d be
nefi t
from
thes
e sy
stem
s bec
ause
the
sign
age
as w
ell a
s tic
ket m
achi
nes t
o he
lp p
eopl
e by
mak
ing
the
trip
mor
e effi c
ient
. Th
e st
atio
ns n
ow d
o no
t hav
e an
ythi
ng to
info
rm th
e pa
ssen
gers
of w
hen
the
train
is a
rriv
ing
or w
hat t
he st
atus
of t
he tr
ain
is, m
uch
like
Mar
ket E
ast S
tatio
n ha
s sig
nage
that
tells
if th
e tra
in is
la
te a
nd w
hat t
rack
it w
ill a
rriv
e. T
he st
atio
ns a
t the
airp
ort n
eed
to in
tegr
ate
a sy
stem
that
will
tell
the
trave
lers
wha
t th
e tim
ing
of th
e tra
in fr
om st
atio
n to
stat
ion
to h
elp
info
rm th
e tra
vele
rs o
f wai
t tim
es.
They
als
o co
uld
use
the
syst
em
to te
ll tra
vele
rs o
f whe
n an
d w
here
thei
r gat
es a
re lo
cate
d so
that
they
can
be
sure
of h
ow lo
ng th
at th
ey h
ave
from
the
time
that
they
leav
e th
e pl
atfo
rm to
the
time
that
they
nee
d to
boa
rd th
e pl
ane.
10
4.1
Gui
delin
es fo
r D
esig
n
Th
e m
ain
idea
for t
his p
roje
ct is
to d
evel
op a
des
ign
for T
erm
inal
A a
nd a
con
nect
ion
to T
erm
inal
F a
nd d
evel
op
a un
ifi ed
des
ign
for t
he e
xist
ing
term
inal
stat
ions
. Th
e go
al fo
r the
pro
ject
is to
dev
elop
a m
ore
unifi
ed d
esig
n as
wel
l as
dev
elop
new
syst
ems t
o im
prov
e th
e w
ay th
at p
eopl
e ge
t to
and
from
the
stat
ions
to th
e te
rmin
als.
In d
evel
opin
g th
e te
rmin
al st
atio
ns, a
noth
er g
oal i
s to
deve
lop
East
wic
k st
atio
n to
bec
ome
a ga
tew
ay in
to th
e ai
rpor
t. E
astw
ick
is th
e st
atio
n th
at th
e R
1 st
ops b
efor
e en
terin
g th
e ai
rpor
t cam
pus.
It a
lso
serv
es o
ther
line
s suc
h as
the
R2
whi
ch ta
kes y
ou to
W
ilmin
gton
.
The
East
wic
k st
atio
n is
goi
ng to
be
a pl
ace
whe
re m
ost o
f the
traffi c
will
con
sist
of p
edes
trian
traffi c
. Th
e m
ain
user
s of t
his s
ite is
goi
ng to
be
resi
dent
ial,
airp
ort e
mpl
oyee
s and
trav
eler
s to
and
from
hot
els.
The
mai
n go
al fo
r thi
s st
atio
n is
to re
deve
lop
it to
look
mor
e in
vitin
g as
wel
l as t
o cr
eate
a d
estin
atio
n fo
r the
use
rs to
take
adv
anta
ge o
f suc
h th
ings
as c
once
ssio
n st
ands
or s
hopp
ing.
Th
is p
roje
ct sh
ould
take
into
acc
ount
man
y di
ffere
nt ty
pes o
f ide
as to
hel
p in
form
how
the
new
stat
ions
will
w
ork
as w
ell a
s how
the
exis
ting
will
inco
rpor
ate
the
new
idea
s. T
he u
se o
f oth
er id
eas t
hat a
irpor
ts h
ave
done
in th
e pa
st a
s wel
l as r
ecen
tly, s
uch
as th
e us
e of
diff
eren
t typ
es o
f sig
nage
to sh
ow w
here
pas
seng
ers n
eed
to g
o.
Th
ese
are
just
som
e of
the
thin
gs th
at sh
ould
be
addr
esse
d in
the
desi
gn so
that
it w
ill m
ake
the
stat
ions
wor
k as
a u
nifi e
d sy
stem
. Th
ey sh
ould
incl
ude
the
sam
e id
eas t
hat c
ome
from
the
desi
gn o
f the
new
stat
ions
. Th
e sy
stem
as
of n
ow h
as th
e sa
me
type
of a
rchi
tect
ure
and
layo
ut.
This
pro
ject
nee
ds to
hav
e a
cohe
renc
e to
hel
p th
e pa
ssen
gers
get
fr
om th
e st
atio
n to
the
term
inal
in a
mor
e effi c
ient
way
than
they
hav
e se
t up
as o
f now
.
In d
oing
the
case
stud
ies f
rom
oth
er a
irpor
ts it
has
info
rmed
som
e de
cisi
ons t
hat m
ight
nee
d to
be
addr
esse
d th
at h
ave
not b
een
as o
f now
. Su
ch a
s how
the
desi
gn w
orks
with
all
area
s of h
ow a
n ai
rpor
t is l
aid
out a
nd h
ow th
e pa
ssen
ger e
xper
ienc
es th
e tri
p as
wel
l as m
akin
g it
a m
ore
effi c
ient
syst
em.
Ther
e ar
e m
any
diffe
rent
thin
gs th
at n
eed
to b
e ad
dres
sed
and
it ne
eds t
o w
ork
toge
ther
, the
idea
of r
edev
elop
ing
this
pla
ce is
to c
reat
e a
dest
inat
ion.
4.2
Des
ign
Crit
eria
•W
ay-fi
ndin
g•
Flig
ht S
tatu
s sig
nage
•
Trai
n St
atus
sign
age
•Pa
ssen
ger C
omfo
rt•
Uni
ty o
f pla
tform
s•
Use
of l
ands
cape
•W
ater
Man
agem
ent
•Su
stai
nabi
lity
•So
lar P
ower
•G
reen
Roo
f
4.0
G
uide
lines
and
Des
ign
Cri
teri
a fo
r D
esig
n Im
plem
enta
tion
11
5.0
C
onne
ctin
g Ea
stw
ick
to P
hila
delp
hia
Inte
rnat
iona
l Air
port
5.
1 Si
te S
elec
tion
Th
e R
1 tra
in ru
ns fr
om a
ll ce
nter
city
stop
s and
uni
vers
ity c
ity.
Afte
r lea
ving
the
city
the
only
stop
that
the
R1
mak
es is
at E
astw
ick
Stat
ion.
Thi
s sta
tion
acco
mm
odat
es p
eopl
e th
at e
ither
live
in th
e ne
ighb
orho
od th
at is
loca
ted
to
the
Nor
th w
est o
f the
stat
ion
and
the
Phila
delp
hia
Inte
rnat
iona
l Airp
ort e
mpl
oyee
s. L
ocat
ed so
uth
of E
astw
ick
is a
cel
l ph
one
lot w
here
peo
ple
can
go to
wai
t for
thei
r pic
k up
as w
ell a
s an
empl
oyee
lot.
For
peo
ple
that
are
com
ing
to th
e ci
ty o
f Phi
lade
lphi
a th
ey h
ave
hote
ls a
nd c
omm
erci
al sp
aces
to th
e so
uth
of th
e st
atio
n as
wel
l.
Th
e ai
rpor
t its
elf c
urre
ntly
hol
ds fi
ve tr
ain
stat
ions
that
serv
ice
the
term
inal
s. T
he fi
rst s
top
star
ts a
t ter
min
al A
Ea
st.
The
stat
ion
plat
form
s are
long
and
the
pass
enge
r can
go
from
one
side
of t
he p
latfo
rm a
t ter
min
al A
and
wal
k to
te
rmin
al B
. Th
e sa
me
goes
for t
erm
inal
s C a
nd d
. In
200
3 te
rmin
als A
wes
t and
F w
ere
adde
d. A
wes
t is
Phila
delp
hia’
s new
inte
rnat
iona
l ter
min
al.
Term
inal
F is
the
expr
ess p
lane
term
inal
.
5.2
Exi
stin
g C
ondi
tions
Ea
stw
ick
is a
smal
l sta
tion
that
has
littl
e to
no
amen
ities
for t
he p
asse
nger
s to
use.
It i
s a h
andi
cap
acce
ssib
le
stat
ion
on b
oth
north
and
sout
hbou
nd tr
acks
. Th
e st
atio
n al
so p
rovi
des t
he p
asse
nger
with
a sh
elte
r. T
he sh
elte
rs th
at
are
prov
ided
are
sim
ple
they
are
the
typi
cal b
us st
op e
nclo
sure
. Th
e st
atio
n is
bui
lt ou
t of w
ood
and
look
s ver
y m
uch
like
that
of a
boa
rdw
alk.
On
the
sout
hbou
nd si
de th
ere
is a
cul
desa
c w
here
peo
ple
can
pick
up
and
drop
peo
ple
off a
t th
e st
atio
n. T
he d
o no
t pro
vide
the
pass
enge
rs w
ith a
ny o
ppor
tuni
ties t
o pa
rk th
eir c
ars.
Alo
ng th
e ed
ges o
f the
pave
men
t the
re a
re is
sues
with
stor
mw
ater
and
cau
ses s
tagn
ant w
ater
.
A
t the
airp
ort t
here
are
stat
ions
at a
ll te
rmin
als e
xcep
t for
A w
est a
nd F
. Th
e tra
in ru
ns b
etw
een
the
term
inal
s to
the
east
and
bag
gage
cla
im a
nd p
arki
ng st
ruct
ure.
The
airp
ort c
ampu
s as a
who
le is
a v
ery
dom
inan
t con
cret
e st
ruct
ure.
Th
ere
is so
me
gree
n sp
ace
at th
e en
d of
the
term
inal
s at t
erm
inal
F.
The
spac
e th
at th
ey p
rovi
de a
s gre
en sp
ace
is v
ery
hard
to a
cces
s due
to th
e ci
rcul
atio
n of
veh
icle
s. T
he a
irpor
t has
smal
l 15
by 1
5 sp
aces
for p
eopl
e to
brin
g th
eir d
ogs
alon
g bo
th th
e de
partu
res r
oad
and
taxi
lane
. Th
e de
partu
res r
oad
is lo
cate
d al
ong
the
east
side
of t
he tr
acks
and
the
taxi
lane
is lo
cate
d to
the
wes
t sid
e of
the
track
.
12
5.0
C
onne
ctin
g Ea
stw
ick
to P
hila
delp
hia
Inte
rnat
iona
l Air
port
5.
3 Si
te In
vent
ory
& A
naly
sis-
Eas
twic
k St
atio
nEa
stw
ick
stat
ion
is v
ery
limite
d to
the
spac
e th
at c
an b
e de
velo
ped
but i
t has
man
y op
portu
nitie
s to
impr
ove
wha
t can
be
impr
oved
. Th
ere
are
man
y th
ings
that
nee
d to
be
repl
aced
, suc
h as
the
stat
ions
aut
omat
ed sc
hedu
ling
sign
nee
ds to
be
repl
aced
. Th
e cu
lesa
c is
abo
ut th
e rig
ht si
ze to
be
able
to
put
in a
par
king
lot t
o pr
ovid
e fo
r pas
seng
er p
arki
ng.
The
side
to th
e w
est w
here
the
resi
dent
ial
area
s are
ther
e is
a st
rip o
f ang
led
park
ing
for p
eopl
e th
at a
re c
omin
g fr
om m
ore
than
wal
king
dis
tanc
e fr
om th
e st
atio
n an
d ha
ndic
appe
d ac
cess
ible
ram
ps a
re p
rovi
ded.
To
get
from
one
side
of t
he p
latfo
rm to
the
othe
r the
re is
a b
reak
in th
e fe
nce
to a
llow
peo
ple
to
get t
o th
e ot
her s
ide.
The
re is
not
eno
ugh
room
bet
wee
n th
e ro
ad a
nd th
e ro
ad to
inst
all a
ny k
ind
of
brid
ge o
r tun
nel s
truct
ure.
Thi
s cou
ld c
ause
issu
es o
f peo
ple
wal
king
thro
ugh
the
track
s and
pos
sibl
y w
alki
ng in
to a
onc
omin
g tra
in.
Ther
e sh
ould
be
a sy
stem
inst
alle
d to
pro
vide
the
pass
enge
r a w
arni
ng
that
ther
e is
a tr
ain
com
ing
and
to st
ay o
ff th
e tra
cks.
Als
o in
an
atte
mpt
to k
eep
peop
le o
ff th
e tra
ck
ther
e co
uld
be a
syst
em li
ke th
at o
f a ro
ad c
ross
ing
whe
re a
bar
rier c
ould
be
swun
g do
wn
and
bloc
k th
e pa
ssag
e to
kee
p pe
ople
off
the
track
.
To
brin
g pe
ople
to th
e st
atio
n an
d po
ssib
ly p
eopl
e th
at a
re c
omin
g fr
om th
e ho
tels
ther
e is
an
oppo
rtuni
ty to
pro
vide
a c
omm
erci
al v
endo
r are
as.
Ther
e is
a sp
ace
betw
een
the
road
and
the
plat
form
on
the
wes
t sid
e w
here
it c
ould
be
regr
aded
and
inst
all a
smal
l civ
ic sp
ace.
The
re c
ould
be
a ve
ndor
fo
r cof
fee
and
som
e sm
all f
ood
vend
ing.
O
n th
e ea
st si
de w
here
the
culd
asac
is lo
cate
d th
ere
is a
n op
portu
nity
to u
se v
eget
ated
rain
ga
rden
s to fi x
the
issu
es o
f sto
rmw
ater
bec
omin
g st
agna
nt.
The
site
is n
atur
ally
slop
ed to
war
ds th
e st
atio
n. T
he m
ost i
deal
pla
ce to
put
them
wou
ld b
e in
fron
t of t
he st
atio
n an
d on
bot
h si
des o
f the
side
wal
k to
cap
ture
the
wat
er c
omin
g fr
om th
e la
wn
area
and
to c
aptu
re th
e w
ater
that
will
be
com
ing
off o
f the
par
king
lot.
13
5.0
C
onne
ctin
g Ea
stw
ick
to P
hila
delp
hia
Inte
rnat
iona
l Air
port
Inve
ntor
y Ta
ken
of A
ll Pl
ante
r bed
s or P
lant
ing
Stru
ctur
es in
the
Proj
ect A
rea
14
5.0
C
onne
ctin
g Ea
stw
ick
to P
hila
delp
hia
Inte
rnat
iona
l Air
port
Inve
ntor
y Ta
ken
of A
ll Su
rfac
e C
over
ages
Oth
er T
han
Con
cret
e or
Asp
halt
15
5.0
C
onne
ctin
g Ea
stw
ick
to P
hila
delp
hia
Inte
rnat
iona
l Air
port
16
5.0
C
onne
ctin
g Ea
stw
ick
to P
hila
delp
hia
Inte
rnat
iona
l Air
port
5.4
Site
Inve
ntor
y an
d A
naly
sis-
Phi
lade
lphi
a In
tern
atio
nal A
irpo
rt
The
train
split
s off
of th
e tra
cks t
hat i
t tak
es fr
om c
ente
r city
and
brid
ges o
ver i
nter
stat
e 95
and
circ
les a
roun
d to
ent
er th
e te
rmin
als a
t A w
est.
As t
he tr
ain
com
es in
to th
e st
atio
ns a
t the
airp
ort t
he tr
ain
pass
es b
y th
e Jo
hn H
einz
W
ildlif
e Pr
eser
ve w
hich
pro
vide
s the
pas
seng
er a
gre
at v
iew
of t
he n
atur
al w
etla
nds a
nd fo
rest
that
giv
es a
per
spec
tive
of w
hat t
he si
te u
sed
to b
e be
fore
the
deve
lopm
ent o
f the
are
a. A
s the
trai
n pa
sses
ove
r the
brid
ge p
asse
nger
s get
a c
lear
un
obst
ruct
ed v
iew
of c
ente
r city
. Th
e in
tern
atio
nal t
erm
inal
whi
ch is
one
of P
hila
delp
hia
Inte
rnat
iona
l Airp
orts
new
est
term
inal
s is a
2 st
ory
term
inal
. Th
e se
cond
stor
y ov
erha
ngs o
ver t
he d
epar
ture
and
trai
n tra
cks.
The
re is
a p
arki
ng lo
t to
the
wes
t of t
he tr
acks
und
er th
e se
cond
stor
y. O
nce
past
the
inte
rnat
iona
l ter
min
al th
e tra
in p
asse
s und
er tw
o te
rmin
al b
ridge
s tha
t tak
es p
asse
nger
s fro
m th
e se
curit
y ch
eckp
oint
s and
che
ck in
des
ks to
the
bagg
age
clai
m.
Term
inal
A
and
B h
ave
a co
mbi
ned
plat
form
so th
at th
e en
tire
3-4
car t
rain
can
stop
and
let p
asse
nger
s off
at o
ne p
oint
. Te
rmin
als C
and
d a
re th
e sa
me,
the
plat
form
ext
ends
the
leng
th b
etw
een
the
term
inal
C b
ridge
to th
e te
rmin
al d
brid
ge.
Onc
e yo
u ge
t to
term
inal
E w
hich
now
serv
ices
term
inal
s E a
nd F
is h
alf t
he si
ze o
f the
oth
er st
atio
ns.
This
is
prob
lem
atic
bec
ause
it fo
rces
the
pass
enge
r who
is g
oing
to te
rmin
al F
to g
o up
and
ove
r the
term
inal
e b
ridge
and
then
ov
er to
term
inal
F.
The
gene
ral p
asse
nger
circ
ulat
ion
if ve
ry p
oor a
nd si
gnag
e is
just
as m
uch
a pr
oble
m.
The
sign
age
for t
he p
asse
nger
s is l
imite
d an
d on
ly a
ppea
rs w
here
the
door
s to
the
plat
form
s are
.
Th
e vi
ews o
f cen
ter c
ity a
s wel
l as t
he v
iew
of J
ohn
Hei
nz W
ildlif
e Pr
eser
ve a
re tw
o m
ajor
vie
ws t
hat a
s the
pa
ssen
gers
on
the
train
will
see.
The
y ar
e bo
th v
isib
le to
the
pass
enge
r goi
ng b
oth
way
s. P
asse
nger
s get
a b
ette
r vie
w
of b
oth
view
s on
the
way
to c
ente
r city
, whi
ch c
an p
rovi
de th
e ex
perie
nce
as a
icon
for p
eopl
e co
min
g to
Phi
lade
lphi
a fr
om o
ther
pla
ces.
O
nce
in th
e te
rmin
als t
he tr
ain
corr
idor
bec
omes
ver
y is
olat
ed.
It is
stuc
k in
bet
wee
n tw
o bu
ildin
gs a
nd ro
ads
on e
ither
side
ther
efor
e m
akin
g th
e ex
perie
nce
of g
ettin
g to
the
train
mor
e of
a h
assl
e an
d ev
en st
ress
ful T
he ta
xi la
ne is
a
two
lane
road
with
som
e pu
ll of
f are
as b
ut n
ot a
t all
stat
ions
. Th
e ta
xi la
ne d
ispa
tche
r onl
y le
ts a
min
imal
am
ount
of
taxi
s or l
imou
sine
s thr
ough
at a
tim
e. T
here
fore
cut
ting
the
road
dow
n to
a o
ne la
ne ro
ad a
nd p
rovi
ding
a p
ull o
ff fo
r ta
xis t
hat a
re w
aitin
g. T
his a
llow
s oth
ers t
o pa
ss b
y an
d no
t hav
e to
wai
t for
oth
ers t
o ge
t out
of t
he w
ay.
17
6.1
Prog
ram
and
Con
cept
Dev
elop
men
t:
Eas
twic
k Tr
ain
Stat
ion
East
wic
k tra
in st
atio
n ha
s a v
ery
spec
ifi c
and
sim
ple
prog
ram
. It
will
be
desi
gned
to b
e th
e ga
tew
ay in
to th
e ai
rpor
t cam
pus.
The
stat
ion
is si
mpl
y fo
r the
peo
ple
that
live
in th
e ar
ea a
s wel
l as t
he p
eopl
e w
orki
ng a
t the
Ph
ilade
lphi
a In
tern
atio
nal A
irpor
t. T
he p
rogr
am fo
r the
stat
ion
incl
udes
:
-
Orig
inal
Pla
tform
Des
ign-
Upd
ate
mat
eria
ls to
new
woo
d pl
atfo
rm
- Pa
rkin
g Lo
t- A
ccom
mod
ate
for D
aily
Use
onl
y no
long
term
par
king
-
Civ
ic/S
eatin
g A
reas
- Ven
dors
for F
ood
and
Drin
ks
-
Rai
n G
arde
n St
orm
wat
er M
anag
emen
t Sys
tem
s
- H
andi
cap
Acc
essi
bilit
y
- Pr
ovid
e N
ew S
helte
rs-
Acc
omm
odat
e fo
r hea
vier
pas
seng
er u
sage
Th
e de
velo
pmen
t of t
he st
atio
n w
as d
one
thro
ugh
the
anal
ysis
of w
hat t
he su
rrou
ndin
g ar
ea in
clud
es a
nd w
hat
the
need
s of t
he u
sers
that
surr
ound
the
stat
ion
will
nee
d. T
he n
eed
for P
hila
delp
hia
Inte
rnat
iona
l Airp
ort e
mpl
oyee
s ne
ed e
ase
of tr
ansp
orta
tion
to a
nd fr
om th
e offi c
e an
d th
e te
rmin
als.
The
nee
d fo
r the
resi
denc
e to
the
wes
t of t
he
stat
ion
also
nee
d a
way
to g
et to
the
airp
ort.
The
dev
elop
men
t of t
his s
tatio
n al
so w
ill p
rovi
de p
eopl
e w
ith th
e op
portu
nity
to ta
ke th
e tra
in to
and
from
the
airp
ort a
nd re
duci
ng th
e am
ount
of v
ehic
ular
traffi c
on
the
airp
ort c
ampu
s.
One
mai
n is
sue
that
was
app
aren
t whe
n do
ing
anal
ysis
was
that
ther
e is
a m
ajor
issu
e w
ith v
ehic
ular
traffi c
. Th
e co
ncep
t for
this
dev
elop
men
t is t
o be
com
e a
dest
inat
ion
stat
ion.
The
airp
orts
bee
n re
mod
elin
g th
eir t
erm
inal
s to
beco
me
a m
ore
dest
inat
ion
airp
ort s
o th
at p
eopl
e ca
n co
me
to th
e ai
rpor
t and
be
self
sust
aine
d an
d no
t hav
e to
brin
g an
ythi
ng.
The
airp
ort h
as m
any
diffe
rent
type
s of
food
and
oth
er st
ores
to p
rovi
de th
e pa
ssen
gers
with
man
y di
ffere
nt
amen
ities
.
6.0
R
edev
elop
men
t of
the
Tra
nspo
rtat
ion
Expe
rien
ce
6.2
Prog
ram
and
Con
cept
Dev
elop
men
t:
Phila
delp
hia
Inte
rnat
iona
l Air
port
The
prog
ram
for t
he tr
ain
stat
ions
at t
he a
irpor
t bas
ical
ly st
ay th
e sa
me.
The
onl
y st
atio
n th
at h
as th
e di
ffer-
ent p
rogr
am is
A w
est t
he in
tern
atio
nal t
erm
inal
whi
ch is
und
er th
e se
cond
fl oo
r of t
he b
uild
ing.
The
mai
n id
ea th
atco
ntin
ues t
hrou
gh th
e st
atio
ns is
the
idea
of t
he fa
ke fa
cade
s. T
he fa
cade
s com
e fr
om th
e w
indo
w st
ruct
ure
on th
e si
de o
f the
bui
ldin
g fa
cing
the
train
as t
he tr
ain
ente
rs th
e ai
rpor
t. T
he p
rogr
am in
clud
es:
-F
ake
Faca
de- M
imic
the
Win
dow
Stru
ctur
e
- Sol
ar P
ower
- Use
to p
ower
eac
h st
atio
n
- Gre
en R
oof-
Acc
omm
odat
e th
e w
ater
that
land
s on
the
stat
ion
roof
tops
- D
irect
Pat
h to
Bag
gage
Cla
im- A
ccom
mod
ate
Pass
enge
rs th
at n
eed
dire
ct a
cces
s
- Pla
ntin
gs a
nd P
lant
ing
desc
riptio
n Si
gnag
e- T
each
pas
seng
ers o
f wha
t is b
eing
don
e to
enh
ance
exp
erie
nce
- L
ight
ing
- I
nteg
rate
d Si
gnag
e- T
ells
Pas
seng
ers W
hen
Trai
ns W
ill A
rriv
e
- Arr
ival
and
Dep
artu
res S
igna
ge
Th
e tra
in st
atio
ns a
t the
airp
ort h
ave
a sp
ecifi
c pr
ogra
m a
nd th
ey st
ick
to th
at p
rogr
am a
t eac
h an
d ev
ery
stat
ion.
In
deve
lopi
ng th
e st
atio
ns o
ne k
ey id
ea w
as th
e dr
ivin
g fo
rce
behi
nd h
ow th
e pa
ssen
ger g
ets t
o an
d fr
om
the
stat
ion,
and
that
was
the
idea
that
peo
ple
are
com
ing
to th
e ai
rpor
t to
get o
ff th
e tra
in a
nd g
et to
whe
re th
ey a
re
goin
g. T
here
is o
f cou
rse
the
exce
ptio
n w
here
som
e pe
ople
com
e a
few
hou
rs a
hea
d of
tim
e so
that
they
do
not
have
to ru
sh.
Ther
efor
e ho
pefu
lly th
is sp
ace
that
is c
reat
ed e
ntic
es th
em to
wal
k al
ong
the
track
to se
e th
e di
ffere
nt
spac
es a
nd st
atio
ns.
The
path
s tha
t go
from
Bag
gage
cla
im a
re st
raig
ht a
nd v
ery
dire
ct b
ecau
se o
f the
nee
d to
get
pe
ople
to g
et to
thei
r ter
min
als.
The
pat
hs th
at c
onne
ct th
e st
atio
ns w
ind
mor
e or
gani
cally
to m
ake
the
expe
rienc
e m
ore
enjo
yabl
e.
18
Fina
l Mas
ter P
lan
of P
hila
delp
hia
Inte
rnat
iona
l Airp
ort
7.0
Tr
ansf
orm
ing
the
Tran
spor
tati
on E
xper
ienc
eR
esul
ts
19
7.0
Tr
ansf
orm
ing
the
Tran
spor
tati
on E
xper
ienc
eR
esul
ts
20
7.0
Tr
ansf
orm
ing
the
Tran
spor
tati
on E
xper
ienc
eR
esul
ts
21
7.0
Tr
ansf
orm
ing
the
Tran
spor
tati
on E
xper
ienc
eR
esul
ts
22
7.0
Tr
ansf
orm
ing
the
Tran
spor
tati
on E
xper
ienc
eR
esul
ts
23
7.0
Tr
ansf
orm
ing
the
Tran
spor
tati
on E
xper
ienc
eR
esul
ts
24
7.0
Tr
ansf
orm
ing
the
Tran
spor
tati
on E
xper
ienc
eR
esul
ts
25
7.0
Tr
ansf
orm
ing
the
Tran
spor
tati
on E
xper
ienc
eR
esul
ts
26
7.0
Tr
ansf
orm
ing
the
Tran
spor
tati
on E
xper
ienc
eR
esul
ts
27
8.0
M
ater
ials
Use
d In
Des
ign
Th
e 10
foot
wal
l tha
t sep
arat
es th
e tra
in tr
acks
from
the
depa
rture
s roa
d is
a li
ving
wal
l. T
he sy
stem
is c
onst
ruct
ed w
ith 5
food
sect
ions
that
ca
n be
slid
e ou
t of p
lace
. Th
is is
for e
asy
mai
nten
ance
so th
at th
e ai
rpor
t mai
nten
ance
cre
ws c
an si
mpl
y re
mov
e th
e se
ctio
ns th
at d
ie ra
ther
than
an
entir
e w
all.
In th
e w
inte
r tim
e th
ey c
an re
mov
e th
e de
ad v
eget
atio
n an
d im
plem
ent s
lides
that
hav
e ev
ergr
een
plan
ts to
giv
e a
sim
ilar l
ook
but d
if-fe
rent
text
ures
.
28
8.0
M
ater
ials
Use
d In
Des
ign
Arti
stic
Rel
iefs
des
igne
d by
arti
sts b
oth
loca
lly a
nd in
tern
atio
nally
Land
scap
e Li
ghtin
g us
ed in
the A
wes
t ter
min
al
Cis
tern
Tan
ks fo
r eac
h te
rmin
al to
col
lect
the
wat
er ru
noff
to re
use
for
wat
erin
g pl
antin
gs a
nd tr
ees
Scul
ptur
e de
sign
ed b
y A
lexa
nder
Cal
der u
sed
in A
wes
t
29
9.0
Tr
ansf
orm
ing
Tran
spor
tati
on C
oncl
usio
ns
9.1
Les
sons
Lea
rned
Thro
ugh
rese
arch
of t
he p
roje
ct, a
s wel
l as p
erso
nal e
xper
ienc
e, th
e tra
in to
the
airp
ort h
as
beco
me
the
next
big
dev
elop
men
t at m
ost m
ajor
airp
orts
. Th
e ai
rpor
ts th
at w
ere
stud
ied
are
loca
ted
in
maj
or c
ities
just
like
Phi
lade
lphi
a. T
he a
irpor
t’s d
evel
opm
ent o
f the
way
the
stat
ions
inte
ract
with
the
desi
gn h
elps
to e
ntic
e pe
ople
to u
se th
em.
Man
y ot
her c
ities
use
ligh
t rai
l or m
onor
ail s
yste
ms b
e-ca
use
of th
e pr
oxim
ity o
f the
airp
orts
to th
e ci
ties.
On
the
othe
r han
d, P
hila
delp
hia
wou
ld n
ot b
enefi
t fr
om th
is ty
pe o
f tra
in b
ecau
se o
f the
dis
tanc
e in
whi
ch it
trav
els.
Th
e R
egio
nal R
ail f
rom
SEP
TA a
lso
has t
he n
etw
ork
for t
he R
1 se
t up
so th
at o
nce
it ge
ts to
th
e ai
rpor
t it w
ill th
en c
hang
e lin
es a
nd g
o to
eith
er C
ente
r City
or a
subu
rbs o
f the
city
. Th
eref
ore
by
elim
inat
ing
the
othe
r tra
ck a
t the
airp
ort t
he w
ay th
at th
e sc
hedu
le is
set u
p th
ere
will
nev
er b
e a
confl
ict b
etw
een
any
of th
e tra
ins.
If th
ere
are
any
dela
ys a
nd th
ere
is a
confl i
ct th
en th
ere
is sp
ace
whe
re th
e tra
in c
omin
g in
to th
e ai
rpor
t cam
pus c
an sw
itch
over
and
let t
he o
ther
trai
n pa
ss.
In
doi
ng th
is p
roje
ct so
me
impo
rtant
less
ons l
earn
ed a
re h
ow to
des
ign
for a
pro
ject
whe
re th
e fi r
st th
ing
on so
meo
ne’s
min
d is
to g
et to
ther
e de
stin
atio
n an
d ho
w c
an th
e la
ndsc
ape
wor
k to
that
be
havi
or.
As w
ell a
s w
ays i
n w
hich
to im
prov
e th
e w
ay th
at p
eopl
e w
alk
thro
ugh
a si
te.
The
way
that
th
e pl
antin
gs a
re d
esig
ned
can
eith
er k
eep
peop
le o
n th
e pa
th o
r hid
e vi
ews f
rom
peo
ple
so th
at if
they
do
hav
e th
e tim
e to
spen
d ex
plor
ing
the
spac
e.
30
10.0
Ref
eren
ces
-- A
shfo
rd, N
., N
. M. H
awki
ns, M
. O’L
eary
, D. B
enne
tts, a
nd P
. De
McG
inity
. “PA
SSEN
GER
BEH
AVIO
R A
ND
D
ESIG
N O
F A
IRPO
RT T
ERM
INA
LS.”
PAS
SEN
GER
BEH
AVIO
R AN
D D
ESIG
N O
F AI
RPO
RT T
ERM
INAL
S (1
976)
: 18
-26.
Abs
tract
.: n.
pag
. Prin
t.
- Ass
ocia
tes.,
Lei
gh F
ishe
r. St
rate
gies
for i
mpr
ovin
g pu
blic
tran
spor
tatio
n ac
cess
to la
rge
airp
orts
. Was
hing
ton,
D.C
: Tr
ansp
orta
tion
Res
earc
h B
oard
, 200
2. P
rint.
- Ber
tolin
i, Lu
ca, a
nd T
ejo
Spit.
Citi
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n Ra
ils. L
ondo
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aFn
Spon
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rint.
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l Sta
ndin
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rban
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in S
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n D
esig
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a U
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thew
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irpo
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ph A
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e Li
ght R
ail t
o th
e Airp
ort.
Tri M
et. M
ay 2
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7 M
ay 2
010.
<ht
tp://
ww
w.tr
imet
.org
s/hi
stor
y/ra
ilfac
tshe
etai
rpor
t.pdf
>
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fvill
e, R
icha
rd D
e. A
irpo
rt S
yste
ms.
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ted
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cGra
w H
ill In
c., 2
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t.
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is C
harle
s De
Gau
lle A
irpor
t Gui
de -
Paris
CD
G In
tern
atio
nal A
irpor
t Hot
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Airp
ort C
ar P
arki
ng, C
ar R
enta
l, Fl
ight
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d M
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Web
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May
201
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http
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ww
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is-c
dg.c
om/>
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ris N
et -
Airp
ort T
rans
fers
: Par
is A
irpor
t Tax
i, A
irpor
t Bus
, Met
ro S
tatio
n C
harle
s De
Gau
lle a
nd O
rly A
irpor
t.”
Paris
Apa
rtmen
ts |
Luxu
ry A
partm
ents
for R
ent i
n Pa
ris. W
eb. 0
8 M
ay 2
010.
<ht
tp://
ww
w.p
aris
net.c
om/in
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irpla
ne.
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l>.
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kerin
g, A
ndre
w, a
nd R
on S
tein
ert.
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pass
enge
r exp
erie
nce
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sler
air
port
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ew Y
ork:
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i, 20
04.
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t.
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der,
Kar
en K
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mm
er’s
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nta.
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oken
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t.
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derla
nd P
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irpor
t ret
ail t
akes
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tail
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tail
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nds I
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mat
ion
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arch
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lysi
s. W
eb. 0
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<ht
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nd_B
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ort M
AX
Red
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e Pr
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t His
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.” T
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porta
tion
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rego
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rea.
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201
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ublic
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gon,
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rea.
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201
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T.,
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Prin
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31
