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Keeping Signals Working What it Takes! Improving Standby Power : For Railway Signals & Communication Systems. Peter Brackett- Canadian Pacific Railway Robert MacMillan- CSX Railroad Earl Chapman – Railway Consultant, (previously CN). Communication And Signal’s are Up Against:Lightning. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Peter Brackett- Canadian Pacific RailwayRobert MacMillan- CSX Railroad
Earl Chapman – Railway Consultant, (previously CN)
Keeping Signals WorkingKeeping Signals WorkingWhat it Takes!What it Takes!
Improving Standby Power :Improving Standby Power :For Railway Signals & Communication SystemsFor Railway Signals & Communication Systems
Communication And Signal’s are Communication And Signal’s are Up Against:Up Against: LightningLightning
Blackout Aug 2003Blackout Aug 2003
Communication And Signal’s Communication And Signal’s are Up Against: Natureare Up Against: Nature
Quebec Ice StormQuebec Ice Storm
Communication And Signal’s are Communication And Signal’s are Up Against:Up Against:
Hurricanes
Communication And Signal’s are Communication And Signal’s are Up Against:Up Against:
Lightning and other surge energy AC Power Failures- Short Term AC Power Failures- Long Term Power Line Faults Power Line Induction Problems:
energy coupled from adjacent Power lines into the rail
Keeping Equipment Cool / Warm
Communication And Signal’s Communication And Signal’s Changes Changes
Relays to Electronics
Signal’s 101Signal’s 101
+Electronics_
Battery+-
Signal’s 101Signal’s 101
+Electronics_
Battery+-
Remote Earth
Surge Protecti
on Device
Surge ProtectionSurge Protection
First Line of Defence against Surges is:
SPD’s- Surge Suppression Devices
Purpose – to clamp the Voltage rise on a conductor and hence shunt the incoming energy to a safe alternative path rather than through your equipment
Surge Energy DamageSurge Energy Damage
Surge Protection Devices – SPD’s
To Understand Surge Protection: To Understand Surge Protection: You Need to KnowYou Need to Know
The amount of incoming energy is proportional to the size of the conductor
Surge Energy = Conductor SizeSurge Energy = Conductor Size
Smallest Conductor22 Gauge Telephone WireHence smallest protector
Surge Energy = Conductor SizeSurge Energy = Conductor SizeMedium - AC Power
Surge Energy = Conductor SizeSurge Energy = Conductor Size
Largest Conductor = Rail most energy
designed for 10,000 Amps Current
Surge Energy = Conductor SizeSurge Energy = Conductor Size
Remote Earth Connection = “Ground”
largest exposure
Energy can go out or come back in through
the remote earth connection and the AC power’s Neutral Line
Examples of Ground Surge DamageExamples of Ground Surge Damage
~10,000 Volts with #6 Wire
Signal’s 101Signal’s 101
+Electronics_
Battery+-
Remote Earth
SPD’s1000V
Metal Reference WallMetal Reference WallLow Impedance Reference Plane Low Impedance Reference Plane
&SPD’s&SPD’s
LIRP- CPR InitiativeLIRP- CPR Initiative
Communication And Signal’s are Communication And Signal’s are Up Against:Up Against: Power Line FaultsPower Line Faults
15,000V Power Line On Rail15,000V Power Line On Rail
Recent Improvements for Power Recent Improvements for Power ReliabilityReliability
Moving off open wire pole lines
2/25/2004Canadian Pacific Railway 23
Signaling - Pole Line
Code LineLine Wires
Power
Standby Switch PowerStandby Switch Power
Recent CPR_Improvements for Recent CPR_Improvements for Power ReliabilityPower Reliability
Adding transfer switches and external generators plugs to buildings to make it– Easier, Faster and
much safer to connect an external generator
Bus Mounted SPD
CSX Recent ImprovementsCSX Recent Improvements
AC Power protected by MOV in Faraday
Box
• Crossing Lights are Normally DarkCrossing Lights are Normally Dark
• Must be lit to indicate a warning to the motorist
• Hence, Standby Power is a crucial part of the system when AC power fails
• FRA Stats indicate that power failures are concern
The Highway Crossing Warning The Highway Crossing Warning Systems Power IssueSystems Power Issue
Required by FRA
Regulation234.215
or TransportCanada
Rail Safety Act 26.1-.2
Required Standby Power for Required Standby Power for Crossing Crossing Warning SystemsWarning Systems
SummarySummary Power systems are an important asset
Batteries are a key element
Maintenance and testing is necessary to get the maximum performance
Automated Capacity Testing has potential to improve power systems reliability
Summary Summary How C&S Are Addressing:How C&S Are Addressing:
Lightning and other surge energy AC Power Failures- Short Term AC Power Failures- Long Term Power Line Faults Power Line Induction Problems:
energy coupled from adjacent Power lines into the rail – Blue Book-EPRI
Keeping Equipment Cool / Warm
Keeping Signals WorkingKeeping Signals WorkingWhat it Takes!What it Takes!
Peter Brackett- Canadian Pacific [email protected]
Chair ARMEA C38
http://www.arema.org/comm/c38.htm
Robert MacMillan- CSX
Earl Chapman – Consultant
