GS TSKH. Hong Vn KimKhoa Khoa hc my tnhTS. Nguyn Anh TunKhoa Mng My Tnh & Truyn Thngi hc Cng Ngh Thng TinSIU MY TNH C NHN: TIM NNG V TH THCHKM20, Ha Noi Highway, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam{kiemhv, tuanna}@uit.edu.vnHomepage: www.uit.edu.vn

GII THIUTheo nh lut Moore, c mi 2 nm, nng lc tnh ton ca chip VXL tng gp 2 ln. Thc t gi l 6 thng. Chip vi x l ngy cng c tc cao. Nhng khng th c chip 10GHzL do: mc tch hp t n cp phn tNhit lng ta ra sc t chy chnh con chipGii php: a nhn (multicore, multi-CPU) X l song song

THC TRNGNhu cu siu my tnh: Tnh tan hiu nng cao: M phng cc hin tng phc tp trong vt l, kh tng v x hiSinh tin hc: gii m gien, gii m protein, c gen, so snh v tm kim Trn th gii http://top500.org: cc cng qucTr gi cc my tnh hng triu, trm triu USDChi ph vn hnh cng ln n chc triu USD/nm Sn chi ca nh giu.

NHU CU TNH TON HIU NNG CAO Nhu cu tnh ton hiu nng cao nc ta cng rt ln:Cc bi ton c th: m phng mt , lung giao thng, d bo thi tit, m phng bin i kh hu, x l thng tin cp thnh ph, quc giaSiu my tnh c nhn: L mt my tnh c nhn, nhng c nng lc tng t nh siu my tnh lai nh.p ng nhu cu c th, khng qu t hin thc, chi ph vn hnh bo dng nh 1 my c nhn.

THUT NG SIU MY TNH C NHNc tin phong ra bi hng NVIDIACc card ha ngy nay c n hng trm nhn (Cores), c chc nng nh mt b ALU Algorithmic Logic Unit. B nh ln n GigabyteC nng lc tnh ton n GigaFlops1 Mi my tnh c nhiu GPU kt hp liFLOP: S php tnh trong 1 giy. 1Gigaflops= 1 t php tnh trong 1 giy. Hin ti, mt my tnh c tc x l ln n TeraFlops trn giy c th xem l siu my tnh

SIU MY TNH TIANHE-1 Siu my tnh mnh nht th gii 2.5 PetaFLOPs (1000xTeraflops) Cu hnh: 7,168 Nvidia Tesla M2050 GPUs v 14,336IntelXeon CPUs.

Nng lc v hiu qu ca Tianhe-1A s khng t c nu thiu cng ngh GPU, Guangming Liu, Gim c trung tm siu my tnh quc gia ti Tianjin.

CNG NGH GPU

GPU TECHNOLOGY

ModelMemory (MiB)Memory ConfigurationComp. cap.GFLOPs (FMA)2Bandwidth (GB/s)DRAM typeBus width (bit)GTX 5601024 2048128GDDR52562.11075GTX 560 1024 2048128.27GDDR52562.11263.4GTX 5701280152GDDR53202.01405.4GTX 5801536 3072192.4GDDR53842.01581.1GTX 5903072327.7GDDR52x3842.02488.3

GI THNH GPU

Loi GPUCoresMemoryGFLOPS(Peak)GiHnhTesla C20704486 GB1,030$2400Tesla C20504483 GB1,030$2000Tesla C10602404 GB933$1,200GTX 59010243 GB2,488$800GTX 5805121.5 GB1,581$700GTX 5704481.2 GB1,405$400GTX 5603381 GB1,263 $300

V SAO L SIU MY TNH C NHNMt my tnh c nhn S dng cc linh kin c sn trn th trngKin trc v phn mm hon tan tng thch vi siu my tnh hin c: GPU computingB cng c pht trin c cung cp v h tr min ph S dng h iu hnh Linux, m ngun m L vin gch quan trng cc H Vit Nam bc u khai ph, nhm phc v nhu cu kinh t x hi hin ti.

FASTRA@ANTWERP UNI., B n c l ti trng i hc Antwepen ca Nederlands xy dng my tnh FASTRA II s dng 7 cards Nvidia GTX 295 t tc 12 TeraFlops nhm phc v cho vic dng li hnh nh 3D ca mt vt th khi c chp x quang ct lp. H thng ny ra i vo cui nm 2008, u nm 2009 vi gi khong 6000 euros. Ti thi im ny, y l siu my tnh c nhn mnh nht v c cc nh khoa hc u t xy dng mt cch nghim tc. Vi thi im hin ti, card GTX 295 tr nn li thi v c nhng dng sau vi nng lc tnh ton vt tri hn nhng gi thnh li r hn.

NG DNG M phng

D bo ti chnh

Tnh ton khoa hc

Bioinformatics

Mobile Pervasive ComputingHnh 3: M phng s hc ca mt git hp kim Titan

TH THCH Cng nghMch tch hp ngy cng pht trinB cng c phn mm cn c thi gian lm quen. Khoa hc:Phn ln gii thut phi vit li cho ph hp vi mi trng a nhn, a x l phc tp caong dng: M hnh ha thnh bi ton c thS liu u vo thiu

KT LUN Trn th gii rt nhiu vin, i hc l thnh cng v phc v tt cho nhu cu ca mnh, l c s cho s mnh dn u t. Gii php Personal Supercomputer l ti u cho mi trng H Vit Nam i tt n u trong cng ngh, khi c d n quc gia, chng ta sn sng.

TI LIU THAM KHOShaw, W. T. & Brickman, N. Quantile Mechanics II: Changes of Variables in Monte Carlo methods and a GPU-Optimized Normal Quantile arXiv.org, 2010Gaikwad, A. & Toke, I. M. Parallel Iterative Linear Solvers on GPU: A Financial Engineering Case Proceedings of the 2010 18th Euromicro Conference on Parallel, Distributed and Network-based Processing, IEEE Computer Society, 2010, 607-614Snow, C. D., H. Nguyen, et al. (2002). "Absolute comparison of simulated and experimental protein-folding dynamics." Nature 420(6911): 102-106.Bettini, C.; Brdiczka, O.; Henricksen, K.; Indulska, J.; Nicklas, D.; Ranganathan, A. & Riboni, D. A survey of context modelling and reasoning techniques Pervasive and Mobile Computing, 2010, 6, 161 - 180A. Doronin, I. Meglinski, Online Object Oriented Monte Carlo computational tool for the needs of biomedical optics, Biomedical Optics Express, Vol. 2, Issue 9, pp.2461-2469 (2011)K. Shinoda, M. Raessi, J. Mostaghimi, T. Yoshida, and H. Murakami, Effect of substrate concave pattern on splat formation of Yttria-stabilized Zirconia in atmospheric plasma spraying, Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, Vol. 18, pp. 609-618 (2009)Alexander Doronin and Igor Meglinski, "Online object oriented Monte Carlo computational tool for the needs of biomedical optics," Biomed. Opt. Express 2, 2461-2469 (2011)

*S pht trin mnh m ca cng ngh lm cho chip vi x l t n nhng tc kinh ngc. Tuy nhin, hin nay cc nh sn xut chip khng th nng mc xung ca CPU ln cao hn na v nhiu l do. Gii php vt qua kh khn ny l s dng nhiu chip song song, hoc chip a nhn (multi-core). Trong , card ho (GPU) hin ti ca cc hng nh ATI, NVIDIA c n hng trm cores, thm ch c nghn core trn 1 card lm nn mt cuc cch mng trong cuc chy ua xy dng siu my tnh s dng GPU. Xt thy kh nng ca trng H Vit Nam, cng vi nhng phn cng sn c trn th trng to nn nhng iu kin cn v c th xy dng th nghim mt h thng my tnh hiu sut cao gi l Siu my tnh c nhn Personal Supercomputer vi gi thnh r hn nhiu ln so vi cc lai my cng chng lai. Bi bo ny kho st mt s ng dng thnh cng trong vic s dng cng ngh GPU xy dng siu my tnh c nhn. ng thi, cng l tin vng chc chng ti mnh dn trin khai xy dng mt siu my tnh c nhn c nng lc tnh ton trn l thuyt t 3 n 12 TeraFlops vi gi thnh tng ng ch t 5,000 USD n 12,000 USD.*Cuc chy ua xy dng siu my tnh trn th gii l mt cuc ua ca nhng quc gia giu c, mnh v cng ngh, khng ph hp vi mi trng Vit Nam. Siu my tnh khng ch tn km v tin bc u t, m cn tn rt nhiu trong chi ph vn hnh v bo dng. *Chng ti khng t tham vng xy dng mt siu my tnh c sc cnh tranh vi top500 my ch mnh nht th gii. Thay vo , chng ti xut vic xy dng mt my tnh c nng lc va phi vi chi ph hp l trong u t ln vn hnh phc v cho vic x l thng tin trong phng th nghim ca cc H Vit Nam*FLOP: S php tnh trong 1 giy. 1Gigaflops= 1 t php tnh trong 1 giy. Hin ti, mt my tnh c tc x l ln n TeraFlops trn giy c th xem l siu my tnh

*Tm quan trng ca GPU**Vi nhng l do , chng ti hon ton tin tng l hng tip cn xy dng siu my tnh c nhn s dng cc card GPU sn c trn th trng l ng n v cn mnh dn u t xy dng.

* cho mc tiu nghin cu ca cc d n. n c l ti H thng ny ra i vo cui nm 2008, u nm 2009 vi gi khong 6000 euros. Ti thi im ny, y l siu my tnh c nhn mnh nht v c cc nh khoa hc u t xy dng mt cch nghim tc. Vi thi im hin ti, card GTX 295 tr nn li thi v c nhng dng sau vi nng lc tnh ton vt tri hn nhng gi thnh li r hn. Vi nhng l do , chng ti hon ton tin tng l hng tip cn xy dng siu my tnh c nhn s dng cc card GPU sn c trn th trng l ng n v cn mnh dn u t xy dng. http://fastra2.ua.ac.be/

*Trong khoa hc tnh ton, nhu cu c nhiu my tnh mnh phc v cng cuc nghin cu khoa hc ngy cng tng cao. Tuy nhin, xt v thc t ti chnh cng nh phng din k thut, cuc chy ua xy dng siu my tnh trn th gii l mt cuc ua ca nhng quc gia giu c, mnh v cng ngh, khng ph hp vi mi trng i Hc Vit Nam bi n rt tn km v mt tin bc ln chi ph vn hnh. Mt siu my tnh c th ngn hng Megawatt in hng nm, vi lng in cng c th thp sng cho c qun ni thnh ca Tp HCM. . Tri li, vic xy dng siu my tnh c nhn l mt vic trong tm tay v p ng nhu cu c th ca vic nghin cu cng nh ng dng. Siu my tnh c nhn v bn cht l 1 desktop, nhng bn trong li cha nhiu card (4-7 cards) GPU gip tng kh nng tnh ton, nn chi ph vn hnh bo dng khng cao.Hn na, vi nhng ng dng a dng nh trnh by trong phn 5, chng ti hon tan tin tng rng vic xy dng siu my tnh c nhn l kh thi, kh nng ng dng cao v gi thnh chp nhn c. Hn na, h thng cn c th ng dng cho cc cng vic nghin cu tnh ton song song a lung, trn kin trc a nhn x l. y cng s l chic siu my u tin c thit k trong nc s dng cng ngh GPU.

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