PRESENTED BY : MADIHA HAROON SAAD JALIL

FROM PEDAGOGY TO ANDRAGOGY MANAGING THE LEARNING PROCESS

PEDAGOGY

▪ What is it?Comes from the Greek word "paid", which means child and "agogos", which means leading. Thus pedagogy literally means "leading children“

▪ It's better known today as "The science of teaching children to learn“

▪ Who came up with it?No one actually knows the original originThe term dates back to the late 16th century

WHY PEDAGOGY?Needed a method for transmitting knowledge to children

Children think differently, therefore teachers needed a way to transmit knowledge in a way that children can understand

Focused on Teacher-directed instruction

▪ Promotes dependency on instructor

▪ Teacher has full responsibility for making decisions

▪ Places the student in a passive role requiring obedience to the teacher's instructions

▪ Students rely ONLY on what the teacher teaches them 

ANDRAGOGY

▪ What is it?

Comes from the Greek word "aner" with the stem "andra" meaning "man, not boy" or adult, and "agogus" meaning "leader of“

▪ Today it's better known as "The science of teaching adults to learn“

▪ Who came up with it?Alexander Kapp originally created the term in 1833

▪ Andragogy is what it is today because of Malcolm Knowles

WHY ANDRAGOGY?Needed a method for transmitting knowledge to adults

It encourages self-dependence , self-motivation and learning things based on experience

▪ Neither andragogy nor pedagogy is a teaching technique.

▪ Instead they are the philosophy that a teacher looks to for guidance.

▪ The term instructional strategies denotes the methods whereby specific knowledge is conveyed within the philosophical framework.

▪ Instructional strategies are neither pedagogical nor andragogical; both philosophies can use all strategies

PEDAGOGY

▪ Subject centered

▪ Predicated upon the concept of dependency

▪ Students are assumed to know little

▪ The instructors provide the necessary information

▪ Pedagogy results in a student who is reliant on the instructor

ANDRAGOGY

▪ Learner centered

▪ Assumes the relationship between the teacher and the student is similar to that of traveler and guide

▪ Student knows the destination and has prior experience

▪ The teacher provides direction and allows students to make use of their experiences and seek new information

▪ In andragogy instructor would not be considered simply a conveyer of information. They are mentors and guides who help the students to develop.

KNOWLES ASSUMPTIONS OF ADULT LEARNERS

1. Adults have a self-concept of a self directing personality

2. Adults bring a wealth of experience to the learning process

3. Adults come to a learning process ready to learn

4. Adults are oriented towards immediate application of learned knowledge

5. Adults need to know the reason for learning something

6. Adults are driven by intrinsic motivation to learn

ANALYZING THE LEARNING PROCESS

A set of key factors must be considered in order to analyze the learning process of the individual

▪ Student’s age

▪ Student’s maturity

▪ Participant actors in the process

▪ Materials to use

▪ Way to develop the process

AGE AND MATURITY

▪ AGE (fundamental aspect in learning processes)

▪ Young students must get generic knowledge of multiple matters

▪ Specialization takes place when the student’s age increases

▪ Mature students demand specific knowledge related with their occupations

▪ Young students- PEDAGOGY HAS VERY IMPORTANT ROLE IN LEARNING PROCESS

▪ Mature students- ANDRAGOGY HAS VERY IMPORTANT ROLE IN LEARNING PROCESS

PARTICIPANT ACTORS

▪ INSTRUCTOR (teaching process)

▪ TUTOR (teaching and learning are combining)

▪ COACH (encourages participants and helps them to train)

▪ MENTOR (informs individuals about the new information sources and distributes interesting references for the members of the community)

MATERIALS TO USE

▪ PREDEFINITION LEVEL

▪ INTERMEDIATE LEVEL

▪ ADVANCED LEVEL

▪ EXPERT LEVEL

WAY TO DEVELOP THE PROCESS▪ The last factor to consider is the course modality

▪ Face to face learning and online learning are two modalities to develop the teaching-learning process

▪ Main differences are related to – The role of actors – Characteristics of students

▪ Distance learning activities – Independent of time and space

▪ Face to face learning – Is appropriate when direction level is very high

CONCLISION

So it is therefore concluded that the selection of teaching philosophy be it andragogy or pedagogy depends on the critical assessment of the factors that includes

▪ Student’s age

▪ Student’s maturity

▪ Participant actors in the process

▪ Materials to use

▪ Way to develop the process

THANK YOU