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A FRAMEWORK TO “MAINSTREAM” ECOSYSTEM SERVICES for ecosystem-
based-management
Chris Kelble, Geoff Cook, Dave Loomis, Peter Ortner, Jerry
Lorenz, William Nuttle, Pamela Fletcher, and many more
MARES Project
Who?
• ~50 Pis – Fed/State/Academic/NGO
• 24 writers – BPS & HDS
• Leaders Group – Scientists, NGOs, &
managers
“reach a science-based consensus about the defining characteristics and fundamental regulating processes of a South Florida coastal marine ecosystem that is both sustainable and
capable of providing the diverse ecosystem services upon which our society depend”
The Problem “Research on ecosystem services has grown markedly in recent years. However, few studies are embedded in
a social process designed to ensure effective management of ecosystem services.”
- Cowling et al. 2008
DPSER model
Risk Assess.
Scenario Analysis
Conceptual Diagrams Establish Context & Consensus on Drivers/Pressures/Processes
Example: Barrier Island Sub-Area with Substantial Development
EBM-DPSER: Merging ecosystem services with DPSER
Drivers - social, demographic and economic developments
Pressure - release of substances (emissions), physical and biological agents, the use of resources and the use of land
State – quantity and quality of physical phenomena (such as temperature), biological phenomena (such as fish stocks) and chemical phenomena (such as atmospheric CO2 concentrations)
Ecosystem Services – the benefits that humans derive from the ecosystem
Responses - by groups (and individuals) in society, as well as government attempts to prevent, compensate, ameliorate or adapt to changes in the state of the environment
EBM-DPSER Benefits
1. Explicit incorporation of Ecosystem Services – Removes negative connotation of impacts
2. Pressure State Ecosystem Service Linkage – Directly applicable to Ecosystem-Based Management (EBM)
3. Proactive management & positive benefits of humans on the ecosystem – Facilitates management for humans rather than protection
from humans
4. A tool to operationalize or “mainstream” Ecosystem Services to inform decision-making – Illuminate ecosystem service trade-offs, risk analysis, &
scenario analysis
Semi-Quantitative PSE
Network model based on expert opinion that quantifies the linkage between pressures, states, and ecosystem services
Holistic Risk Assessment of Ecosystem Services
State State Matrix (SSM)
State Ecosystem Service Matrix (SESM)
Pressure Ecosystem Service Matrix (PESM)
State Indicator State Indicator
Stat
e In
dic
ato
r
Stat
e In
dic
ato
r D
rive
r/P
ress
ure
Dri
ver/
Pre
ssu
re
Ecosystem Service Ecosystem Service
Pre
ssu
re Im
pac
t o
n S
tate
Direct Risk to State Indicator
Ind
irec
t Im
pac
t to
Sta
te
Stat
e Im
pac
t o
n E
.S.
Pre
ssu
re Im
pac
t o
n E
.S.
Total Risk to E.S. Direct Risk to E.S. from State
Holistic Risk Assessment
1. Determines pressures having the greatest mean impact on ecosystem services (Freshwater Delivery)
2. Determines ecosystem services under the greatest amount of pressure
Scenario/Trade-off Analysis
Use the DPSER network model to examine impact of hypothetical management decisions on ecosystem services and state
“Great challenges are only overcome through effective collaboration”
Funding Provided By:
www.sofla-mares.org FACEBOOK:
http://www.facebook.com/pages/Mares-Project/205172649499385
BLOG:
http://www.maresblog.org/
More Information: Chris Kelble
NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic & Meteorological Laboratory
Questions
• How do you evaluate the trade-offs between Ecosystem Services (e.g. Recreation & Food Supply/Fisheries)?
• If we use $$, how do we produce economic values for ecosystem services that will be used by managers? Are we okay favoring wealthy?
• What are the repercussions for making a costly decision (Jersey shore dunes) when you know all of the facts?
• Should we be trying to merge economic value with other quantitative social values? What is the most complete way to do so?
