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Martin Mohr, 27.1.2003 PARTICULATES WP 500 • EMPA contribution – WP 550 Investigation of sub-zero cold start effects

PARTICULATES WP 500

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PARTICULATES WP 500. EMPA contribution WP 550 Investigation of sub-zero cold start effects. Tested vehicles. Gasoline: Renault Mégane, 1.6 16V Alfa 147, 2.0 TS 16 V Toyota Avensis (direct injected) Diesel: Ford Galaxy, 1.9 TD Peugeot 406, 2.0 HDI/FAP (particle trap). Test Programme. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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  • PARTICULATESWP 500EMPA contribution

    WP 550 Investigation of sub-zero cold start effects

  • Tested vehiclesGasoline:Renault Mgane, 1.6 16VAlfa 147, 2.0 TS 16 VToyota Avensis (direct injected)

    Diesel:Ford Galaxy, 1.9 TDPeugeot 406, 2.0 HDI/FAP (particle trap)

  • Test ProgrammeTest cycles:CADC (urban, road, highway) - warm startsACU - cold startsNEDC (+23 C only) 50 km/h, 10 minutes120 km/h, 10 minutesTemperatures: -20C, -7C, and 23CLube oil temperatures for warm start: > 90CTests per configuration: 2-3Fuel: Gasoline: Artemis (~33 ppm S)Diesel: Particulates D4 (~8 ppm S)

  • InstrumentationWet branchCPC/SMPS (TSI 3022)DC (Matter LQ1)Impactor (Dekati DGI)Dry branchELPI (w/o filter stage)CPC (TSI 3022A)CVSfilter sampling for gravimetric analysisChemical analysisSOF-INSOF: 57 filter pairs (from CVS)PAH: 58 filter pairs (from CVS) (U. Stockholm)

  • Set-upELPIEMPACPC358EMPACPC358EMPAPrimary DiluterDGIDekatiVolumeGasdetectorEMPA external pump0.28 lpmpump 2.69 lpmpump 0.32 lpmpump 2.09 lpmDCEMPAInjector 2664 Injector 3EMPA TDDekatiInjector 1Palas DMAEMPAGasdetectorEMPA

  • Tested vehiclesSet-Up

  • Porous tube - dilution ratioACU (first 900 s)10 HzDR as determined by CO2 conc.

  • Porous tube - dilution ratioACU10 Hz Renault Mgane, 1.6 16VGasoline

  • Porous tube - dilution ratioACUFord Galaxy 1.9 TDDiesel10 Hz

  • Pressure ACURenault Mgane, 1.6 16V Gasoline

  • Pressure ACUFord Galaxy, 1.9 TD Diesel

  • Porous tube - dilution ratioCADCRenault Mgane, 1.6 16VGasoline

  • Porous tube - dilution ratioCADCFord Galaxy, 1.9 TD Diesel

  • Pressure CADC

  • accumulated % over ACU-20C

  • accumulated % over CADC-20C

  • CADC Renault Mgane, Gasoline23C-7C-20Csingle test runs

  • CADC Ford Galaxy, Diesel single test runs

  • 120 km/h Renault Mgane, Gasoline

  • 120 km/h Renault Mgane, Gasoline

  • Ford Galaxy, Diesel120 km/h

  • Ford Galaxy, Diesel120 km/h

  • Gravimetry CVS for ACURenault Mgane, 1.6 16V GasolineBag 1Bag 2Bag 3

  • Gravimetry CVS for ACUFord Galaxy, 1.9 TD Diesel

  • DGI - ACU-20C-7C23C Renault Mgane, 1.6 16VGasoline

  • DGI - ACU-20C-7C23C Ford Galaxy, 1.9 TD Diesel

  • Closing remarks:dilution ratio not stableweak sensitivity of DC for nucleationtemperature effect seems not always consistinggasoline: strong effect of cold start temperature no effect for steady statesdiesel: almost no effect on temperature at allnucleation only for gasoline at cold starts and high speeds

  • Conclusions (3/4)