- 1. Peer-to-Peer Communication ResearchProjectPresentation2002
CIS 585 2. Presentation Contents
- P2P Business Implications
3. Introduction 4. Introduction to P2P
- Direct communication between peers
-
- Not a Client/Server Architecture
- History traces back to 1979
- Acceptance in Business Community
5. Current Web Issues 6. Current Web Issues
- Cavalier attitude towards users
-
- Policy regarding usage of customer data
-
- Loss of e-mail lists and files
- P2P attempts to solve, but will not solve all the problems
7. P2P Business Implications 8. P2P Business Solutions
- When it comes to business P2P is like any fledging technology.
It has shown lot of promise, but has encountered lot of
hurdles
9. Industry Players
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- Gnutellawww.gnutelliums.com
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- Groove Networks www.groove.net
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- [email_address] www.distributed.net
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- Lightshare www.lightshare.com
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- WorldStreet www.worldstreet.com
10. Specific Business Applications
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- Santa Barbara County Health care Department
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- Chicago based law firm Baker & McKenzie
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- GlaxoSmithKline research center
Source:PC Magazine, Peer Pressure by Sarah L. Roberts, 06/26/01
PC Magazine, Peer-to-Peer by Cade Metz, 06/01/01 11. P2P Business
Model 12. P2P Practical Model of Enterprise 13. Concerns with P2P
14. Concerns with P2P
- Always on Servers result in higher net connectivity.
- The current asymmetry of more download and less upload will
change
- Copyright and Royalty violations
15. P2P Architecture 16. Napster
- Online Music Sharing Business
- The software was written by 19 year old guy named Shawn
Fanning
- Company recently filed for bankruptcy
- Napster uses servers to hold indexes that store file
locations
- The addresses of the Napster nodes bypass the DNS system
- After resolving the IP address, the file transfer control
shifts to nodes
17. Napster Model 18. Gnutella
- Currently the most popular decentralized P2P file sharing
program
- Decentralized, No dependency on central server
- Utilizes daisy-chain effect for communication
- Allows sharing of all kinds of digital files
- Able to reach every computer on the internet
- Survival capability is high
19. Origin ofGnutella
- Gnutella = GNU project of the Free Software Foundation
- + Nutella (the hazelnut/chocolate spread)
- Originally designed by Nullsoft, a subsidiary of AOL
- AOL halted Nullsoft's development of the Gnutella
- Gnutella was downloaded during few hours
- Programmers reverse-engineered and created their own Gnutella
software
20. Napster Model Gnutella Model ComparisonBetween Gnutella
& Napster 21. GnutellaProcess
- UserAsends out a 1st layer request to computersB ,C,&D
.
- UsersB, C,&Dsend the request on to the next layer of
connected computers.
- The file is located and a response is sent to computerAvia the
same pathway.
- The file is then downloaded byAthrough a
directhttpconnection.
22. GnutellaTerms
- Servent A combination of a server and a client. In the
decentralized gnutella model, each computer on the network is both
a client and a server.
- Time to Live Abbreviated "TTL," the Time to Live is the number
of hops that a message will make on the Gnutella Network before
being discarded. Each servent that views a message will decrement
its TTL by 1, and will discard that message when the TTL reaches 0.
This prevents messages from being sent back and forth across the
Gnutella Network indefinitely. Most gnutella clones set TTL at
around 7, although some allow the user to configure it.
23. GnutellaTerms (Continued)
- When a new user joins the Gnutella Network, he broadcasts a
message called a "ping request" to the network, announcing his
presence on the network. Nodes which receive this ping, send a Pong
back to the pinging user to acknowledge that they have received
this message.
- Pong When a node on the Gnutella Network receives a ping
request, it replies with a pong (a.k.a ping response). This pong
contains the responding host's IP address and port, as well as
number of files the responding host is sharing and their total
size.
- Horizon Horizon is the group of gnutella servents that the node
is capable of communicating with at a particular time.
24. FreeNet
-
- Freenet is an open, democratic system which cannot be
controlled by any one person, not even its creators.
-
- Freenet is a large-scale peer-to-peer network which pools the
power of member computers around the world to create a massive
virtual information store open to anyone to freely publish or view
information of all kinds.
25. FreeNet is
- All internal processes are completely anonymized and
decentralized across the global network, making it virtually
impossible for an attacker to destroy information or take control
of the system.
- Freenet makes it extremely difficult for anyone to spy on the
information that you are viewing, publishing, or storing.
- Information stored in Freenet is protected by strong
cryptography against malicious tampering or counterfeiting.
- Freenet dynamically replicates and relocates information to
provide efficient service and minimal bandwidth usage regardless of
load.
26. FreeNet History
- Freenet is an enhanced Open Source implementation of the system
described by Ian Clarke's 1999 paper "A distributed decentralized
information storage and retrieval system.
- Work started on Freenet shortly after the publication of this
paper in July 1999 by Clarke and a small number of volunteers.
- By March 2000 version 0.1 of Freenet was released.
- Since March 2000 Freenet has been extensively reported in the
press, primarily due to its implications for copyright rather than
for its wider aim, namely freedom of communication.
27. Freenet Structure 28.
Review of P2P Architecture 29. Future of P2P 30. Future of P2P
IT Prospect From Gartner 31. Future of P2P
- Next Generation of IT Architecture
- MainframeClient/ServerP2P
- P2P Protocol Standard is required
- Killer Application of P2P is required
- Profit Model based on Users Communities
