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Overview of NFC technique and challenge of NFC forum test
Philip Chang
Senior Project Manager
2014/10/02
Page
What is HOT news in NFC?
3
Sep 9, 2014
Apple Pay
Page
Google Wallet
– A free digital wallet that securely stores your
credit cards, debit cards, gift cards, loyalty cards
offers and more.
– With Google Wallet, you can shop in stores, buy
online, and send money.
– Android 4.4 Support HCE (Host Card Emulation)
– Ends physical secure elements. Software SE.
– Google Wallet stores your credit and debit cards
on secure servers and encrypts your payment
information with industry-standard SSL (secure
socket layer) technology
NFC 4
April 14, 2014
Page
NFC Operating modes
NFC Device
NFC Card Emulation Mode
Mobile local Payment Public Transport Access Control Identification
NFC Reader/Writer Mode
Smart Object access
NFC Peer-to-Peer Mode
Peer File Sharing
5
?
iPhone 6
Page
NFC Mobile Payment Secure Element Structure
8
Mobile Payment
RF
Modem
App/BB
Processor
CLF
Modem
SWP
SD card
eSE
CLF: Contactless Front-End Modem
eSE: Embedded Secure Element
Service Providers
Card Inf Encryption
Authority Card Inf
Page
NFC Mobile Payment Secure Element Business Model
MNO Leading: SWP SIM card (Tele Service Provider)
Handset Leading: Packaged Secure Chip (eSE)
3rd Part Leading: SD card (Cowork wi Banker)
9
Page
Mobile Payment in NFC Ecosystem
Handset Service Providers
TSM
POS
Transit
GlobalPlatform
GlobalPlatform
GlobalPlatform
NFC Forum
UICC/SE
MNOs OTA
NFC Forum
EMVCo
VISA
MC
NFC Forum
ISO
Radio Compatibility
Tags
NFC phones
GFC/PTCRB
SWP/HCI
10
New Card Encryption
? Banker vs MNOs
Page
Mobile Payment in Apple Pay
Tokenization
TSM
MNOs OTA
Apple Pay
Photo
PAN
Token
Authority Token
NFC
Token
Payment
Gateway
Token
Authority
Service Providers
PAN
X
X X
X
Authority
Token
UICC/SE
X
Page
EMV ecosystem & News
12
http://www.emvco.com/best_practices.aspx?id=217
Cooperation/Liaison
• EMV type approvals and certification
for Contactless Cards, Terminals and
Mobile.
• Collaborating with other entities such
as ISO and NFC Forum.
• 2013 Oct. Visa、Master、AE raise
tokenization tech. 2014 Mar. release
“EMVCo Tokenization Specification
v1.0” support Apply Pay
New EMVCo Logo
Page
EMVCo Contactless- products
– Card Product Types – traditional bank cards, now
contactless
– Mobile approval – new form factor for cards now
emulated by smartphones, tablets…
– PCD approval – Point of sale terminals
13
Page
EMV L1 Digital Protocol Testing
• Mobile tested in CE, test are an excerpt from Card Type Testing.
• Mobile shall be loaded with special UICC with preloaded profiles.
• Scope of testing
• Installation and timings, including installation with Reset
• Min, Max FDT accepted
• Anti-Collision
• Handling commands (e.g. RATS,REQ,WUP)
• DUT manage correctly errors
14
Cards (61 TC), Mobile (43 TC) and Terminals (103 TC)
P2P with NFC-F (16) P2P with NFC-A (20)
- Type 4a & 4b Tag (8)
Type 3 Tag (1) - -
Installation Type F (3) Installation Type B (13) Installation Type A (49)
Listen Mode Test Cases (110)
- - - - - -
Type 4 Tag (5) Type 3 Tag (8) Type 2 Tag (6) Type 1 Tag (11)
Tag Operation Test Cases (30)
P2P with NFC-F (14) P2P with NFC-A (13)
Type 4b Tag (35) Type 4a Tag (32)
Type 3 Tag (3) Type 2 Tag (3) Type 1 Tag (1)
Installation Type F (2) Installation Type B (14) Installation Type A (18)
Poll Mode Test Cases (135)
NFC Forum Certification: DP and Tag Operation
Page
15
EMV L1 Analog Testing: Modulation, Coding EMV uses ISO 14443 Type A and B modulation and coding for PCD and PICC Technology PCD/
PICC
Data
Rate
(kbit/s)
Coding Modulatio
n
Carrier
frequency
(MHz)
Type A
Based on
ISO 14443
@ 106 kbit/s
PCD 106 Modified
Miller
ASK 100% 13.56
PICC 106 Manchest
er
LM (OOK) 13.56
(+/- 848
kHz)
Type B
Based on
ISO 14443
@ 106 kbit/s
PCD 106 NRZ-L ASK 10% 13.56
PICC 106 NRZ-L LM
(BPSK)
13.56
(+/- 848
kHz)
Ref: D_EMV_Contactless_Communication_Protocol_v2.3
Type A Type B
PCD
to
PICC
PICC
to
PCD
Greater than NFC Forum,
EMV test up to 4 cm
Page
EMV L1 Analog Testing
• Uses reference EMV equipment: EMV PCD, EMV PICC and EMV CMR
• Software supports T1142A and FIME Robots
• Test Cases cover
Influence on the field
Power off/on state
Responsiveness
• At certain Field Intensity
• Carrier Frequency
• Carrier Timing
Agilent T1141A RFID/HF Test Set
FIME EMV CMR
FIME EMV Reference PICC
FIME EMV Reference PCD
Load Modulation
Subcarrier Frequency/
modulation
Transmission Bit Rate
Reset
Cards (182 test cases), Mobile (252 test cases) and Terminals (223 test cases)
Page
NFC Forum Certification: Analog RF Test Cases
Agilent
Technologies
Feb 2013 17
Z axis
r axis
Reference Mark
Landing Plane
5mm
5 mm
10 mm
* Source: NFC Forum
Threshold Level Test (1)
Modulation Polling Device to Listening
Device at limit conditions (3)
Power On and Off (3)
Carrier Frequency Test (1)
Loading Effect (1)
Power Reception (9)
Listen Mode Test Cases (22)
Minimum Power Emission
Measurement (1)
Poll Mode Test Cases (11)
Load Modulation Amplitude (3)
Subcarrier Modulation (2)
Maximum Power Emission
Measurement (1)
Carrier Frequency Measurement
(1)
Reset characteristics
Measurement (1)
Modulation Polling Device to
Listening Device (3)
Load Modulation Sensitivity (3)
Page
T3111S NFC Test System
T3111S
Conformance
T3121S
R&D
T3100S Key Features
• Analog RF and Digital
Protocol Test
• NFC Forum, EMV, ISO Test
Suites
• Automated for conformance
• Interactive R&D virtual front
panel T1141A RFID HF Test Set
T1142A Automatic Positioning Robot
TCI Antenna T3111S System
Page
RIDER T3111S NFC/EMV Conformance Tester
October 1, 2014
Confidentiality Label
20
NFC Forum
• Digital Protocol
• Analog RF
• LLCP
• SNEP
T1142A Automated Positioning Robot
• Enables device characterization at user-defined positions
• Fulfils NFC and EMV Contactless test specifications requirements
• Free guard area with no metallic parts
• 0.15mm positioning accuracy
ISO/IEC
• 14443 A/B
• 18092
• 15693
• 18000-3
EMV
• EMV L1 DP PICC/Mobile
• EMV L1 DP PCD
• EMV L1 RF PICC/Mobile
• EMV L1 RF PCD
RF and Protocol Test Suites
supported with T1141A Test Set
Page
T3100S Architecture
Agilent Test
Manager 2
IVI-like driver
Agilent
Virtual
Panel
Ethernet
Supported API
CVI Driver
USB
Conformance
• EMV
• NFC Forum
• ISO
VP
• Generation
• Acquisition
• Time domain
Test Interfaces
NFC RF/DP TCs
NFC LLCP/SNEP
TCs
ISO 14443 RF/DP
TCs
EMV L1 DP
Page
T3111S Test Manager
Automatic Test Case
Execution & Management
• User configurable test
parameters and sequences
• Automated test report
generator
• Verdict handling and test log
analysis.
Page
RF suite details
• Includes all Poll and Listener TC with instances per
antenna and antenna load, facilitating creation of
automated test campaigns
• Setup can be developed during test case execution
(certification) or separate (pre-conformance) to
optimize test time. Set up TC include all required
adjustments; Power, Waveform, LM and frequency
• Free definition of test points within Robot operating
volume.
• Variety of reports, including HTML conformance
reports as well as excel reports which allow easy
export of information to third party applications
24
Page
Preliminary
25 August 8 , 2012
Waveform Type Acquisition Envelope Type Acquisition
Logical Type Acquisition
Protocol Type Acquisition
RIDER T3121 R&D Tester
Page
Example combined use (TC_POL_NFCA_UND_BI_1_1)
Conformance Scenario TM2.0
Test Result
Logic Acquisition Virtual Front Panel
26
Page
EMV Test Bench Configuration
Agilent EMV
L1 Protocol
Suite
IVI Driver
Ethernet
Driver
USB
BGI170 /
BGI120 /
T1142A
FIME EMV
L1 Protocol
Suite
Keysight
Restricted 28
Page
FIME/Keysight PICC/Mobile test System
Antennas & interfaces
Emulation &
Measurement GUI &Control Automatic positioning
Agilent T1141A RFID HF Test Set
FIME EMV RF Digitizer
NFC Forum
ISO 14443
EMV
Spy Coil
Ref. PICC
Ref. PCD
EMV CMR
Agilent or FIME robot
Eth
ern
et
PC
I U
SB
NFC LLCP
ISO Analog ISO Digital
NFC Digital NFC Analog
NFC SNEP EMV PCD
Analog
EMV PCD
Digital
EMV PICC/
Mob Analog
EMV PICC/
Mob Digital
Agilent Test Manager Agilent Virtual Front Panel FIME Test Manager
Page
PICC MOBILE PCD
Proximity inductive coupling card
– a payment card
Emulates a PICC to make payments,
tested with EMV sample UICCs
Proximity coupling device
– a payment terminal
New Options Introduced on T3111S RIDER Platform
Confidentiality Label
T3111S-C01 NFC Forum Analog RF test suite
T3111S-C02 NFC Forum Digital Protocol test suite
T3111S-C03 NFC Forum LLCP test suite
T3111S-C04 NFC Forum SNEP test suite
T3111S-S01 ISO Analog RF test suites (ISO 14443 & 18092)
T3111S-S02 ISO Digital Protocol test suites (ISO 14443 & 18092)
T3111S-R01 RFID HF Analog RF test suites (ISO 15693 & 18000-3)
T3111S-V01 EMV PICC & Mobile L1 Digital Protocol test suite
T3111S-V02 EMV PCD L1 Digital Protocol test suite
FIME PNXX EMV PICC/Mobile L1 Analog RF test suite
FIME PNYY EMV PCD L1 Analog RF test suite
Agilent products
FIME products