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- -

Volkswagen touran

: :

136/2008 .

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, 2011

2

1.0 VOLKSWAGEN TOURAN 1.6 TDI

3

2.0

5

2.1 52.2 62.3 CO2 72.4 E 62.5 -

8

2.5.1 Euro 5 i Euro 6 102.5.2

11

2.6 -

11

2.7

13

3.0 153.1 CR- Common Rail:

15

3.2 Common rail 193.3 VOLKSWAGEN 203.4 214.0 225.0 OBD 276.0

31

33

2

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, (, ), . ( ), .

- (CO2), (NOx), (HC), (PM), - (CO), . . . , . , common rail Volkswagen . : SCR, SCRT, EGR OBD .

3

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1.0. VOLKSWAGEN TOURAN 1.6 TDI

4

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5

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2.0.

2.1

, (, ), . . ( ), ,

. 50% . . : ,, . 2001. " " CO2 28% . 84% CO2

, CO2 . , , , , .

6

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2.2

- (CO)

, . - , , , . CO2. [7]

(NOx) (N2) (O2). , NO, NO2 N2O. , . , . .

. , , . , , . [7]

(HC) , . . .

(PM) (PM particulate matter) . . . , 20 200 . [7]

- (CO2) . () ( ). , .- , , .

7

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1.1 [7]

2.3. CO2

, -. - . CO2 ,

: 1.7% CO2 , 19%. CO2 , , . [1] :

CO2, = 26.6 x B, g/km (B l/100 km)

1997.. 2005- 5 100 km 4.5 l/100 km 3 l/100 km 2010- . 3 litra/100 km : , . VW prof.Urlih Zajfert 10. 1994 " 3 l/100 km". 3 l/100km.

8

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2.4.

HC .

[1] :

- , , ,

- ,

- , ,

- , ,

2.5. -

, , . , Euro 1 1992. Euro 6 2014. : , , -, , -. , , - , " ", CO2. , , 3,7% CO2 120 , 0,03% 100 . , ""

.

Euro 1 (91/441/EEC), 1991. 1993. , .

9

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Euro 2 1996. 1997. (94/12/EC), 1998. Euro 3 Euro 4 (98/69/EC) 2000. , 2005. , , - ,

. 2000. 2005. , , 2010. . , . , . 150 ppm( ) 2000. 50 ppm 2005, 350 ppm 2000, 50 ppm 2005. 2003. 10 ppm 2009. , 2005.

1.1 Euro (g/km)[5]

. , . 4 , ., , . Euro 3 Euro 4 , , 5 80.000 (Euro 3), 5 100.000 (Euro 4). ( 2000. 2005.) () (-7 ) ( 2002.).

10

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2.5.1. Euro 5 i Euro 6

2610 kg. , , ( ).

de facto , 2610 2840 kg, . [5] , : 1305 , 1305 1760 , 1760. . Euro 6 . , 80 mg/km,

50 % Euro 5 . . 170 mg/km .Euro 6 1. 2014. , 1. 2015. . Euro 6 , ,, . .

160.000 . (

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2.5.2

88/77/EEC . 2005.

05/55/EC. Euro IV .

1.2 g kW-1 h-1[1]

2.6. -

, : , , , . , NOx, , . CO 2 .[1]

Euro IV Euro V i

Euro VI , :

- ( , , ), ;

12

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- : Comon rail ,

- (. ) , ,

- , ,

- DeNOx (Decomposition Nitrogen Oxides) , Euro V,

- ( ) NOx ( ) DeNOx ,

- ( 85%).

1.2 [1]

13

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2.7.

,

. , :[1]

1. ,2. ,3. 4. .

1.3 [1]

, , , ,, .

, , , . , , , , .

14

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:-, ,- ,- ,- (, , , ),

- ,- ,- ,

:- - - -

1.3

. , , .

, . , . OECD- .

15

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3.0.

3.1. CR- Common Rail:

CR :- ( ),- , ,- , -

3.1 Common Rail [2]

. . , V, . ( 1000 bar)

. (Common Rail) .

. ,, . .

16

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CR .

-

:- ,- ,- .

3.2 Common Rail [1]

() . "". . ( ). . " " ( -- ) . -

. -. , - . . (), () "" () . . .

17

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CR- . , .

, : , . CR . CR - , .

3.3

1- ;2- ;3- ;4- ;5- ;6- ;7- ;8- ;9- ..;10- ;11- ;12- ;13- ;14- ;15- .

18

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3.4 CR [1]

1- ..; 2- ; 3- ; 4- ;5- ; 6- ;7- ; 8- ; 9- ; 10- ; 11- ; 12- ;13- ; 14- ; 15- ; 16- ;17- ; 18- ; 20- ; 21- ; 22- ; 23- EGR; 24- ; 25- ; 26- ; 27- ; 28- ; 29- ; 30- ; 31- ;32 33- /;34-

19

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3.2. Common rail

, .

(4) (10) . (1) (8) (6) (5). (3) (5) (9) (11) . ()

. (5) (1) (9). (11) . (). . (5) (9) (11) , ().

3.5 CR- [1]

1- ; 2- ; 3- ; 4- ;5- ; 6 7- ; 8- ; 9- ;10- ; 11-

20

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3.3. VOLKSWAGEN

- , .

. . , .plunger, . , . [4]

3.6 [4]

. Plunger . () . - , 2400 -. 45% TDI - -

. - Rudolfa Diesela, 1905. . , , .

21

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3.4

TDI ,Volkswagen .

. . . . . . , . [3]

()

. " ". , . (VTG). , , , . , .

3.7 [3]

22

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3.8

4.0.

( ) . CO . .

1.5. CO () . (HC) . HC .[1]

. (, , .) ,

. . (EOBD) . . ( ) .

23

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(SCR-Selective Catalytic Reduction). ( . NH3) 90%. Euro 5 i 6. SCR OBD

. 2005. Daimler

SCR- BlueTec. Euro 4 NOx 85%, 5%, 40% . ( ) - . :

- ( 80%),

- ( 300-500 C),

- (, , ),

- .

4.1 Scr [1]

1- (AdBlue), 2 - , 3 , 4 , 5 - , 6 - ,7 - , 8 , 9 ,10 - , 11 , 12 - .

24

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4.2 scr sctr [8]

4.3 scr

25

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. , , . EGR (EGR-LP:Low Pressure) ( ) . [1]

4.4 EGR

4.5 EGR-LP [1]

26

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. . . "" , ,

. . . , , . . . .

10 500 . , ( ) . . , . . , , 400-500 . . (), . ( / ) (FAP). 450 C ( CO HC) . 3-5 . EUJ .

( 60 l) ( 5l) , , ( 60 37.5 ml). 80 000 km (Eolys).

27

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5.0. OBD

(On-Board Diagnostics OBD) . OBD

- . , , OBD . , EOBD OBD II . EOBD OBD II . , OBD , . : (MIL), (DLC), , ,

EUJ.[7]

5.1 MIL [7]

(Malfunction indicator lamp MIL) . . : , . :- , .- y ISO 2575.- ( ).- ( ).

28

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5.2 -

EOBD OBD II . . EOBD OBD II , ,

, SCR , .[7] EOBD OBD II

, , SCR .

29

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5.3 OBD [7]

OBD II 1. 1996. . . , . . , , ., , , (), . OBD . .[7] 2003. EOBD . , EOBD OBD II. , .

. , y . EOBD., OBD II . OBD . , . OBD ,

30

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, . - Common rail. , .

OBD :- ,- ,- ,- , .

OBD : ,

, .

5.4 [7]

Euro 5, , :- NOx - .

31

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5.5 OBD UN REG. 83, Anne 11[1]

6.0.

.

, , . .

, : , . 1 g/kWh. " -" : ( ), ( ), ( ),

( ), , , / .

. . . . .

( ) . - , , , . OBD EOBD . SCR, SCTR .

32

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6.1 (NOX, PM, HC, CO) SCR, SCTR . .

6.1 scr sctr [8]

33

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[1].. , . , . ; ,

2008. .

[2].http://sungdotech.kr.ec21.com/GC00472469/CA00473139/High_Pressure_Pump_for_Common.html ; 18.04.2011

[3].http://www.volkswagen.rs/sve_o_volkswagen_u/inovacije/motori/tdi/turbo_punja/#top; 20.04.2011

[4].http://www.volkswagen.ba/cms/?dio=automobili&poddio=tekst&link=brizgaljka; 21.04.2011

[5].co frendly, ;

http://www.jurprom.com/upload/tbl_clanci/cop_151623.pdf: 23.04.2011

[6].http://www.vrelegume.rs/ecofriendly/ECOFriendlypress1.pdf: 25.04.2011

[7]. , Pierburghttp://www.jurprom.com/upload/tbl_clanci/cop_151623.pdf: 23.04.2011

[8].http://www.eminox.com/SCR-system/: 23.04.2011

http://sungdotech.kr.ec21.com/GC00472469/CA00473139/High_Pressure_Pump_for_Common.htmlhttp://sungdotech.kr.ec21.com/GC00472469/CA00473139/High_Pressure_Pump_for_Common.htmlhttp://www.volkswagen.rs/sve_o_volkswagen_u/inovacije/motori/tdi/turbo_punja/#tophttp://www.volkswagen.ba/cms/?dio=automobili&poddio=tekst&link=brizgaljkahttp://www.jurprom.com/upload/tbl_clanci/cop_151623.pdfhttp://www.jurprom.com/upload/tbl_clanci/cop_151623.pdfhttp://www.vrelegume.rs/ecofriendly/ECOFriendlypress1.pdfhttp://www.jurprom.com/upload/tbl_clanci/cop_151623.pdfhttp://www.jurprom.com/upload/tbl_clanci/cop_151623.pdfhttp://www.eminox.com/SCR-system/http://sungdotech.kr.ec21.com/GC00472469/CA00473139/High_Pressure_Pump_for_Common.htmlhttp://sungdotech.kr.ec21.com/GC00472469/CA00473139/High_Pressure_Pump_for_Common.htmlhttp://www.volkswagen.rs/sve_o_volkswagen_u/inovacije/motori/tdi/turbo_punja/#tophttp://www.volkswagen.ba/cms/?dio=automobili&poddio=tekst&link=brizgaljkahttp://www.jurprom.com/upload/tbl_clanci/cop_151623.pdfhttp://www.vrelegume.rs/ecofriendly/ECOFriendlypress1.pdfhttp://www.jurprom.com/upload/tbl_clanci/cop_151623.pdfhttp://www.eminox.com/SCR-system/